CN108406440B - Arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition methods to be processed on rotary table - Google Patents

Arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition methods to be processed on rotary table Download PDF

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CN108406440B
CN108406440B CN201810120070.9A CN201810120070A CN108406440B CN 108406440 B CN108406440 B CN 108406440B CN 201810120070 A CN201810120070 A CN 201810120070A CN 108406440 B CN108406440 B CN 108406440B
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workpiece
coordinate
processed
workbench
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CN108406440A (en
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郭光强
姚希
程小刚
张涛
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Dongfang Boiler Group Co Ltd
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Dongfang Boiler Group Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q15/00Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
    • B23Q15/20Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work before or after the tool acts upon the workpiece
    • B23Q15/22Control or regulation of position of tool or workpiece

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of numerical-control processing methods, specifically disclose arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition methods to be processed on a kind of rotary table, the following steps are included: a, arc section class workpiece level is placed on numerical control floor type boring and milling machine rotary table, the location of workpiece is adjusted, is overlapped the radial direction of initial manufacture point A on workpiece with major axes orientation;B, the two o'clock coordinate on same circular arc line is acquired, the initial center of circle O of workpiece is established2Computation model;C, rotary table acquires the new coordinate of above-mentioned two o'clock, establishes rotation center O1Computation model;C, workbench initial position is restored, with the rotation center O of workbench1Workpiece coordinate system is established for coordinate origin;D, according to the radial angle α of point B to be processed and point A, rotary table makes workpiece with worktable rotary angle [alpha], and the coordinate position computation model for establishing point B obtains B point coordinate.The invention has the advantages that easy to operate, high degree of automation, machining accuracy is high, applied widely.

Description

Arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition methods to be processed on rotary table
Technical field
It is especially a kind of for obtaining the to be processed of workpiece on rotary table the present invention relates to Computerized Numerical Control processing technology field Point sits calibration method.
Background technique
When being processed on the rotary table of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine to arc section class (i.e. non-full circle) workpiece, due to The main shaft of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine be unable to swing angle (i.e. Z axis is always perpendicular to X-axis and Y-axis --- numerical control floor type boring and milling machine National standard is pressed in X, Y, Z axis definition), it is necessary to make the radial direction (" radial direction of point to be processed " of point to be processed on workpiece circular arc line Refer to bristling with anger to be processed point out to the direction in the arc section class workpiece center of circle in XOZ plane) and numerical control floor type boring and milling machine Main shaft (Z axis) direction is overlapped.Currently, workpiece inner arc need to be faced towards number when needing the Inner arc side of workpieces processing The major axes orientation of floor-type milling & boring machine is controlled, the center of circle of workpiece and the rotation center of workbench be not ipsilateral at this time, cannot put workpiece In the position concentric with worktable rotary center, causes each position coordinate to be processed in workpiece Inner arc side can not achieve and look for automatically Just.It is generally necessary to first draw the cross centre line of each point to be processed, subsequent one point of every processing on numerical control floor type boring and milling machine Before, it needs first to manually adjust the position of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine, makes the cross centre line position of its main-shaft core Yu point to be processed Coincidence (referred to as looking for processing point) is set, then cutter is installed and benchmark is looked for knife, the point is finally processed, after processing a point Worktable rotary angle prepares to process next point, at this moment need to unload bottom tool and repeat " look for processing point, installation cutter, To knife, processing " etc. operating process, repeat operation until process all points to be processed.
This method has the disadvantage in that
1, precision is low.The position of each point to be processed is determined by scribing line, and draws the cross searching of workpiece point to be processed When line, artificial crossed error is larger;In addition, before each point to be processed of processing, when looking for processing point manually and looking for benchmark to knife, There is also manual operation errors.The control of these Error on Machining Accuracy is very unfavorable, causes machining accuracy low;
2, cumbersome, low efficiency.Artificial crossed low efficiency --- to be processed bit quantity to be more obvious, and operative employee It requires to perform the following operation before one point to be processed of every processing: looking for processing point, cutter is installed, is to be processed to knife, processing Point unloads bottom tool, and whole operation process is very cumbersome, time-consuming, low efficiency;
3, heavy workload, large labor intensity.Each point to be processed requires mark signature center line, needs frequently to repeat Look for processing point, installation cutter, to knife, processing point to be processed, the operation such as unload bottom tool, heavy workload is looking for processing point, right Knife etc. needs people's semi-crouch or bends over to operate, large labor intensity when operating;
4, the degree of automation is low.The position of each point to be processed needs artificial crossed, one point to be processed of every processing Preceding needs manually look for processing point, to knife etc., underuse the automatic control function of numerically-controlled machine tool, the degree of automation is low.
Summary of the invention
In consideration of it, arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition side to be processed on rotary table proposed by the present invention Method can accurate, convenient, rapidly obtain the coordinate position of each point of arc section class workpiece surface, be used for numerical control programming, make to count Control floor-type milling & boring machine can quickly, it is accurate, automatically navigate to coordinate point to be processed and processed.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate to be processed obtains on rotary table Take method, comprising the following steps:
A, arc section class workpiece level is placed in the XOZ plane of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine rotary table;
B, appointing in workpiece surface takes a point to be processed as initial manufacture point A, adjusts the location of workpiece, makes initially to add on workpiece The radial direction of work point A is overlapped with the major axes orientation of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine, clamping workpiece, then under lathe coordinate system, acquires A point Coordinate A (x1, z1), it is taken again in arc section class workpiece surface later and is located at any point C on same circular arc line with A point and acquires C point Coordinate C (x3, z3), and mark A, C two o'clock;
C, the initial central coordinate of circle computation model for establishing arc section class workpiece calculates arc section using the coordinate position of acquisition The initial central coordinate of circle of class workpiece;
Under lathe coordinate system, the initial center of circle O of arc section class workpiece2(a2, b2) coordinate position is shown below:
In above formula, the radius of circular arc line, described k, t are shown below where R A, C point:
Two groups of O can be obtained according to above-mentioned computation model2Coordinate, in this two groups of coordinates, close to worktable rotary center O1It sits One group of cursor position indicates rotation center of the workpiece inner arc towards workbench;And far from worktable rotary center O1Coordinate Another group of position, then it represents that workpiece outer arc is towards the center of workbench;According to the reality of arc section class workpiece in step B Clamping situation and the calculated result of subsequent step E choose O2Coordinate;
D, arc section class workpiece is rotated into θ angle around rotation center with workbench, and acquires A, C point rotation θ angle Coordinate position afterwards: A ' (x1', z1′)、C′(x3', z3′);
E, worktable rotary centre coordinate computation model is established, calculates worktable rotary center using the coordinate position of acquisition Coordinate;
Under lathe coordinate system, the rotation center O of workbench1(a1, b1) coordinate position be shown below:
In formula:
F, arc section class workpiece is reversely rotated into θ angle around rotation center with workbench, returns to original initial position, with The rotation center O of workbench1(a1, b1) it is that coordinate origin establishes workpiece coordinate system, the arc section class workpiece in workpiece coordinate system Initial central coordinate of circle position is O2(a2-a1, b2-b1), and will be under A point coordinate transformation to workpiece coordinate system collected in step B A point is processed, the coordinate position of A point is A (x under workpiece coordinate system1-a1, z1-b1);
G, any another point to be processed of workpiece surface is set as point B to be processed, and the radial direction for the B that sets up an office and the radial of point A are put down in XOZ The angle projected on face is α;Rotary table makes workpiece with worktable rotary, makes radial direction and the machine tool chief axis side of point B to be processed To coincidence;When specific operation, if workbench is usually rotated clockwise α angle i.e. close to the counter clockwise direction of A point by B point Can, workbench can also be rotated counterclockwise to 360- α degree certainly;If B point is close to the clockwise direction of A point, usually by workbench α angle is rotated counterclockwise, workbench can also be rotated clockwise to 360- α degree certainly.
Referring to fig. 2, shown in Fig. 3, for processing the B point being located on same circular arc line with A point, workpiece is with worktable rotary After α angle, O2Point is with O1For the center of circle, radius is rotation alpha angle on the arc track line of R to O2' point;A point is with O1For circle The heart, radius r1Arc track line on rotation alpha angle to A ' point;B point is with O1For the center of circle, radius r2Arc track line Upper rotation alpha angle is to B ' point.For convenient for indicating, the new location list of B point is shown as B ' point in figure, B ' represent it is postrotational to Processing stand B (x2, z2) coordinate position.
Point B (x to be processed at this time2, z2) coordinate position such as formula (1), formula (2), shown in formula (3) or formula (4):
When workpiece circular arc outside is towards the rotation center of workbench, and B point is close to the counter clockwise direction of A point:
When workpiece circular arc outside is towards the rotation center of workbench, and B point is close to the clockwise direction of A point:
When workpiece circular arc inside is towards the rotation center of workbench, and B point is close to the counter clockwise direction of A point:
When workpiece circular arc inside is towards the rotation center of workbench, and B point is close to the clockwise direction of A point:
In formula (1), (2), (3), (4)
R is the radius of circular arc line where point to be processed in formula, and in above formula, point to be processed is B point, and r is circle where B point The radius of camber line;And work as a2-a1When=0, k=1, ω=0 °;Work as b2-b1When=0, ω=90 °;
According to design drawing or available r value is measured, and according to the practical clamping situation and processing stand B of workpiece and A point Relative positional relationship establishes computation model by formula (1), formula (2), formula (3) or formula (4) and completes processing stand B in the seat of XOZ plane Demarcate position;The Y axis coordinate that B point is determined according to position of the B point on XOY plane, processes B point;
H, coordinate setting and processing that step G completes other points to be processed are repeated.
It,, can be by the following method to A under lathe coordinate system after completing step C in order to ensure workpiece centering is errorless Point coordinate is verified:
When rotation center of the workpiece circular arc outside towards workbench:
When rotation center of the workpiece circular arc inside towards workbench:
Wherein: r is the radius of circular arc line where point to be processed;
According to design drawing or available r value is measured, and is established according to the practical clamping situation of workpiece by formula (5) or formula (6) Computation model is completed initial manufacture point A and is calculated in the coordinate of XOZ plane;A point coordinate in calculated result and step B is acquired and is tied Fruit is compared, if the two is consistent or phase difference is within the scope of artificial correct error, then it is assumed that workpiece centering is errorless, continues Carry out subsequent step;If being more than artificial correct error range, step B and step C are re-started.
Have different requirements to the adjustment mode of the location of workpiece in step B and step G, need to guarantee in step G workpiece with Workbench is rotated about the center of rotation together, and can be adjusted by position of any way to workpiece in step B, such as rotate Workbench rotates workpiece with workbench or makes workpiece relative to worktable rotary, as long as can make initial manufacture on workpiece The radial direction of point A is overlapped with the major axes orientation of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine.
Method of the invention is applicable to the acquisition of all kinds of arc section class workpiece surface position coordinates to be processed, such as Fig. 1 Shown in arc-shaped bend pipe and all kinds of arc-shaped parts shown in fig. 6.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) easy to operate, convenient, efficient, workload is few, labor intensity is low.The coordinate bit of arc section class workpiece surface each point The automatic calculating of realization is set, the cross centre line for drawing each point to be processed is not needed, does not also need processing to be processed remote holder every time The position of dynamic adjustment numerical control floor type boring and milling machine processes point, to knife to look for, and cutter is only installed once without unloading, pacifying repeatedly Dress, this not only reduces workload, has liberated labour, and efficiency is significantly improved.
2) high degree of automation only needs manually to adjust, centering, remaining point to be processed before the processing of initial green point Coordinate position can all be automatically obtained by computation model, numerical control floor type boring and milling machine is automatically positioned according to coordinate position to be processed To be processed position does not need manually to intervene, and process is made to realize automation.
3) machining accuracy is high, as a result accurately, can realize precise positioning in processing, machining accuracy is reliable.
4) applied widely, realize flexibility processing.Do not have to placement position of the arc section class workpiece on rotary table There is particular/special requirement, is suitable for workpiece size variation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the disposing way schematic diagram of arc section class workpiece on the table.
Fig. 2 be on the outside of workpiece circular arc towards worktable rotary center when illustrate with the positional relationship before and after worktable rotary Figure.
Fig. 3 be on the inside of workpiece circular arc towards worktable rotary center when illustrate with the positional relationship before and after worktable rotary Figure.
Fig. 4 is the arc-shaped bend pipe top view of embodiment.
Fig. 5 is primary operational flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is arc-shaped design of part schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Embodiment:
1, the mode of arc-shaped bend pipe shown in Fig. 4 as shown in Figure 2 is placed in the rotary work of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine On platform, and make on the outside of workpiece circular arc towards worktable rotary center.
2, there is the hole to be processed 20 φ 60 in workpiece surface, the radial angle in adjacent hole to be processed is 5 °, R=1700's Take a point to be processed as initial manufacture point A on circular arc line, adjust the location of workpiece, make on workpiece the radial direction of initial manufacture point A with The major axes orientation of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine is overlapped, clamping workpiece, then under lathe coordinate system, acquires A point coordinate A (6154.79, -1601.9), later again the circular arc line of R=1700 take up an official post take another point P and acquire P point coordinate P (7655.8, - 700), and A, P two o'clock are marked;
3, with the relative position calculation method of arc section class workpiece on rotary table proposed by the present invention, calculating can be passed through Obtain initial (before the not rotating) center of circle O of the workpiece under lathe coordinate system2Coordinate have two groups (6154.79,98.1) or (6154.79, -2400);
4, workpiece is rotated 20 ° with workbench counterclockwise, and workbench does not make other displacement actions, acquisition obtains this again The new coordinate of two o'clock is A ' (6482.78, -1537.99), P ' (8201.73, -1203.86);
5, with the relative position calculation method of arc section class workpiece on rotary table proposed by the present invention, calculating can be passed through Obtain the rotation center O of workbench1Coordinate be (6500, -2500);
6, " far from worktable rotary center O according to technical solution1Another group of coordinate position, then it represents that workpiece Towards the center (i.e. the center of circle of workpiece and the center of workbench be not ipsilateral) of workbench on the outside of circular arc ", by be calculated two groups O2Coordinate respectively with O1The position of coordinate is compared, and can show that the center of circle initial coordinate of this example workpiece is O2(6154.79, 98.1), another group of coordinate is then the central coordinate of circle of the workpiece when putting on the table for 180 ° of this example workpiece rotation;
7, in order to ensure workpiece centering is errorless, A point coordinate is verified by the following method: due on the outside of workpiece circular arc Towards worktable rotary center, computation model is established by the formula (5) in claim 2 and completes initial manufacture point A in XOZ plane Coordinate calculate;Calculated result is compared with the A point coordinate collection result in step 2, if the two is consistent or differs Value is within the scope of artificial correct error, then it is assumed that workpiece centering is errorless;Otherwise, the master of the radial direction of point A and numerical control floor type boring and milling machine Axis direction is not overlapped, Ying Chongxin centering;And it is being checked errorless;
8, by arc section class workpiece with workbench around rotation center O120 ° are rotated clockwise together, return to original initial position, With the rotation center O of workbench1Establish workpiece coordinate system for coordinate origin, then in workpiece coordinate system arc section class workpiece just Beginning central coordinate of circle position is O2(- 345.21,2598.10), and by A point coordinate transformation collected in step B to workpiece coordinate A point is processed under system, the coordinate position of A point is A (- 345.21,898.10) under workpiece coordinate system;
9, it after the completion of the hole machined to be processed of A point, since point B to be processed is close to A point counter clockwise direction, is proposed with the present invention Rotary table on arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition methods, the workbench of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine is clockwise Direction rotation alpha=5 °;
10, due on the outside of workpiece circular arc towards the rotation center of workbench, and point B to be processed close to A point counterclockwise, With arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate calculation method --- technical solution Chinese style on rotary table proposed by the present invention (1), can calculate and obtain the coordinate of point B to be processed is (- 570.33,858.12);
When points other on workpiece circular arc line need to process, the radial angle α of point to be processed and A point is substituted into the present invention and is mentioned It is each that corresponding calculating formula on rotary table out in arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate calculation method can calculate acquisition The coordinate of point to be processed, such as:
11, when needing to process the hole to be processed of F point, radial angle α=40 ° of A, F point, F point is counterclockwise also close to A point Direction, then workbench be rotated clockwise 35 ° (due to processing B point when, workbench is clockwise relative to initial manufacture point A Direction has rotated 5 °, therefore the practical rotation angle of workbench is -5 ° of α=40 °=35 °);The coordinate of F point uses the technology of the present invention side Case Chinese style (1) is calculated, and is (- 1934.47,68.36).
12, when needing to process the hole to be processed of D point, due to D point close to A point clockwise (between B, F point to It is contrary to process hole), the initial position for the circular arc works that workbench first rotates to (returns to the position that A point is overlapped with main shaft Set), according to the method for the present invention, workbench need to be rotated counterclockwise into α=5 ° again (A, D point radial direction angle are 5 °);Due to work Towards the rotation center of workbench on the outside of part circular arc, and workbench rotates counterclockwise, with technical solution of the present invention Chinese style (2), can calculate and obtain the coordinate of point D to be processed is (- 117.46,918.30).
13, when D spot hole after processing is completed, need (R=2000) E point on Machining Arc shape bend pipe top surface circular arc line It, need to be again by workbench due to angle α=10 ° of the radial projection in XOZ plane of the radial direction and A point of E point when hole to be processed Rotate counterclockwise α=5 ° (having rotated 5 ° counterclockwise on the basis of A point when processing D point).Due on the outside of workpiece circular arc Towards the rotation center of workbench, and workbench rotates counterclockwise, with technical solution of the present invention Chinese style (2), can get to The coordinate of processing stand E is (111.19,618.57).
After the automatic rotation alpha angle of workbench, numerical control floor type boring and milling machine is according to the to be processed coordinate obtained is calculated, automatically Each hole to be processed is navigated to be processed.

Claims (5)

1. arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition methods to be processed on rotary table, comprising the following steps:
A, arc section class workpiece level is placed in the XOZ plane of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine rotary table;
B, appointing in workpiece surface takes a point to be processed as initial manufacture point A, adjusts the location of workpiece, makes initial manufacture point on workpiece The radial direction of A is overlapped with the major axes orientation of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine, clamping workpiece, then under lathe coordinate system, acquires A point coordinate A(x1, z1), it is taken again in arc section class workpiece surface later and is located at any point C on same circular arc line with A point and acquires C point coordinate C(x3, z3), and mark A, C two o'clock;
C, the initial central coordinate of circle computation model for establishing arc section class workpiece calculates arc section class work using the coordinate position of acquisition The initial central coordinate of circle of part;
Under lathe coordinate system, the initial center of circle O of arc section class workpiece2(a2, b2) coordinate position is shown below:
In above formula, the radius of circular arc line, described k, t are shown below where R A, C point:
Two groups of O can be obtained according to above-mentioned computation model2Coordinate, in this two groups of coordinates, close to worktable rotary center O1Coordinate bit One group set indicates rotation center of the workpiece inner arc towards workbench;And far from worktable rotary center O1Coordinate position Another group, then it represents that workpiece outer arc is towards the center of workbench;According to the practical clamping of arc section class workpiece in step B Situation and the calculated result of subsequent step E choose O2Coordinate;
D, arc section class workpiece is rotated into θ angle around rotation center with workbench, and acquire A, C point rotation θ angle after Coordinate position: A ' (x1', z1′)、C′(x3', z3′);
E, worktable rotary centre coordinate computation model is established, worktable rotary center is calculated using the coordinate position of acquisition and sits Mark;
Under lathe coordinate system, the rotation center O of workbench1(a1, b1) coordinate position be shown below:
In formula:
F, by arc section class workpiece with workbench around rotation center O1θ angle is reversely rotated together, original initial position is returned to, with work Make the rotation center O of platform1Establish workpiece coordinate system for coordinate origin, then in workpiece coordinate system arc section class workpiece initial circle Heart coordinate position is O2(a2-a1, b2-b1), and by under A point coordinate transformation to workpiece coordinate system collected in step B to A point into Row processing;
G, any another point to be processed of workpiece surface is set as point B to be processed, and the radial direction for the B that sets up an office and the radial direction of point A are in XOZ plane The angle of projection is α;Rotary table makes workpiece with worktable rotary, makes the radial direction and machine tool chief axis direction weight of point B to be processed It closes;Point B (x to be processed2, z2) coordinate position such as formula (1), formula (2), shown in formula (3) or formula (4):
When workpiece circular arc outside is towards the rotation center of workbench, and B point is close to the counter clockwise direction of A point:
When workpiece circular arc outside is towards the rotation center of workbench, and B point is close to the clockwise direction of A point:
When workpiece circular arc inside is towards the rotation center of workbench, and B point is close to the counter clockwise direction of A point:
When workpiece circular arc inside is towards the rotation center of workbench, and B point is close to the clockwise direction of A point:
In formula (1), (2), (3), (4)
R is the radius of circular arc line where point to be processed in formula;And work as a2-a1When=0, k=1, ω=0 °;Work as b2-b1When=0, ω =90 °;
It according to design drawing or measures and can get r value, and according to the opposite of the practical clamping situation of workpiece and processing stand B and A point It is fixed in the coordinate of XOZ plane to establish computation model completion processing stand B by formula (1), formula (2), formula (3) or formula (4) for positional relationship Position;
H, coordinate setting and processing that step G completes other points to be processed are repeated.
2. arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition methods to be processed on rotary table according to claim 1, It is characterized by: under lathe coordinate system, being verified by the following method to A point coordinate after completing step C:
When rotation center of the workpiece circular arc outside towards workbench:
When rotation center of the workpiece circular arc inside towards workbench:
Wherein: r is the radius of circular arc line where point to be processed;
According to design drawing or available r value is measured, and is established and is calculated by formula (5) or formula (6) according to the practical clamping situation of workpiece Model is completed initial manufacture point A and is calculated in the coordinate of XOZ plane;By the A point coordinate collection result in calculated result and step B into Row compares, if the two is consistent or phase difference is within the scope of artificial correct error, then it is assumed that workpiece centering is errorless, continues Subsequent step;If being more than artificial correct error range, step B and step C are re-started.
3. arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition side to be processed on rotary table according to claim 1 or 2 Method, it is characterised in that: the mode of the location of workpiece is adjusted in step B are as follows: rotary table rotates workpiece with workbench, It is overlapped the radial direction of initial manufacture point A on workpiece with the major axes orientation of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine.
4. arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition side to be processed on rotary table according to claim 1 or 2 Method, it is characterised in that: the mode of the location of workpiece is adjusted in step B are as follows: make workpiece relative to worktable rotary, make initial on workpiece The radial direction of processing stand A is overlapped with the major axes orientation of numerical control floor type boring and milling machine.
5. arc section class workpiece surface position coordinate acquisition side to be processed on rotary table according to claim 1 or 2 Method, it is characterised in that: the arc section class workpiece is arc-shaped bend pipe.
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