CN108405697A - A kind of manufacturing process - Google Patents
A kind of manufacturing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN108405697A CN108405697A CN201810187533.3A CN201810187533A CN108405697A CN 108405697 A CN108405697 A CN 108405697A CN 201810187533 A CN201810187533 A CN 201810187533A CN 108405697 A CN108405697 A CN 108405697A
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- pressure
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
- B21D26/041—Means for controlling fluid parameters, e.g. pressure or temperature
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
- F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/08—Servomotor systems incorporating electrically operated control means
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacturing process；Program parameter controls each system and component actuation respectively by PLC processing；Electric signal inputs electrohydraulic servo valve, and the feeding of pressurized cylinder is controlled by controlling the flow of servo valve；The liquid forming medium of low pressure hydromechanical system supplement flows into pulse hydraulic generation device by pressurized cylinder pressurization；Piston rod locking in pulse hydraulic generation device is motionless, and high-pressure forming medium finally flows into tubing；Pressurized cylinder outlet end inserts pressure transmitter and detects pressure, and is that the half-closed loop control of pressure is formed by the PID controller in PLC in electric signal feed back input PLC by pressure conversion；The present invention expands the technique scope of application of equipment, improves the forming quality of product.
Description
The application is application for a patent for invention《A kind of middle-size and small-size internal high-pressure forming machine of bulging pressure fluctuation load》Division
Application.
The original bill applying date：2016-12-20.
Original bill application number：2016111868407.
Original bill denomination of invention：A kind of middle-size and small-size internal high-pressure forming machine of bulging pressure fluctuation load.
Technical field
A kind of manufacturing process of the present invention belongs to technical field.
Background technology
Hydroforming technology is for producing a kind of advanced, special, accurate of complex section thin-wall metal component
The net forming technique of (half precision) is a kind of realization component structural integration and light-weighted advanced equal materials manufacturing technology, tool
There is the features such as at low cost, process is few, light weight, high intensity, is widely used in the fields such as aviation, automobile, household electrical appliances.As aviation is sent out
The more oil pipes of motivation, exhaust pipe, subframe, chassis of automobile etc., the branched copper pipe in air-conditioning, with inside high-pressure forming method by
Gradually substitute conventional method forming.The typical process flow of this technology is：Bear-grudge material are pre-processed first, then set pipe
In correct position in lower die, upper mold is closed mode locking；Axial feed cylinder drives the end of punch sealing pipe, while punch filling liquid hole
The liquid forming medium of middle discharge drains inner air tube；The punch at subsequent both ends feeds feed supplement simultaneously, while interior pressure increases；
Under the synergy of pressure and axial thrust, pipe is adjacent to dies cavity and is configured to the component of required complicated shape；It has shaped
Pressure release is retracted at back punching head, workpiece is taken out in upper mold die sinking.
Load path is often referred to the matching relationship of axial feeding and bulging pressure in forming process.Load path is internally high
Pressing formation product quality has a major impact, and rational load path can significantly increase the forming property of material, avoid or reduce
Product buckling, rupture, corrugation etc..Existing internal high-pressure forming machine bulging pressure-loaded mode is mostly linear loading.Day in 2001
If this scholar TRikimaru the study found that make the forming pressure inside tubing by certain pulse mode circulation change, can be used
Smaller pressure obtains enough bulging amounts, and keeps deformation more uniform, can delay the generation of rupture.The new technology is referred to as managed
Material pulse hydraulic forming technique, the country's also referred to as fluctuation load hydroforming technology.The technology one it has been observed that cause immediately
The research interest of lot of domestic and foreign scholar.The Hama religions of foreign countries Japan Feng Qiao technological sciences university Mori professors, Waseda University
It awards, the Yang Lianfa professors of domestic Guilin Electronic Science and Technology Univ., the Zhang Shihong researcher etc. of Shenyang Inst. of Metals, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Correlative study is carried out.The research of Japanese Mori professors finds under pulsation load mode that tubing will produce micro- in forming process
Small wrinkle, and wrinkle has the characteristics that be iteratively produced, is swollen flat so that pipe deformations area wall thickness change evenly, can be effectively pre-
The generation of anti-product rupture, therefore improve forming tubular product performance.Guilin Electronic Science and Technology Univ. professor Yang Lianfa adds pulse hydraulic
The plastic forming process for carrying lower stainless steel tube is studied, and is as a result shown：When the time is certain, with the increasing of the fluctuating frequency of pressure
Add, the Thickness Distribution of tubing is more uniform, and the fillibility of mold is better.
Research equipment used in the above scholar is nearly all to install pulse hydraulic additional on traditional internal high-pressure forming machine to generate
Device, or the easy pulse hydraulic forming test device of self-control.Currently, rarely having the interior height that bulging pressure fluctuation loads both at home and abroad
Pressing formation machine.Chinese patent CN102182728A discloses a kind of production method of fluctuation pressure, and this method is in closed liquid
In body vessel, by the way that the linear pressurization for linear motion of a piston, the reciprocating generation fluctuation pressure of another piston is arranged
Mode obtain preset fluctuation pressure.This method is simple and practicable, and required equipment cost is relatively low, but this method is without public in detail
It is how to control two pistons to move by scheduled rule, and this method is only applicable to the experimental study of mesolow power to open, no
Internal high-pressure forming machine suitable for higher bulging pressure, higher the degree of automation.Chinese patent CN102451868A discloses one kind
The hydraulic forming method of wave type internal-pressure-controlled loading mode, this method rely on Wave type Oil-source control internal pressure, shape and meet
It is required that product, processing range include Tube Hydroforming, housing hydraulic forming, sheet metal hydroforming, Oil-source control load side
Formula is sine wave, rectangular wave, triangular wave or composite wave-shape.But the patent only proposes Wave type internal pressure load mode, does not have
It is related to specific pressure fluctuation load internal high pressure forming equipment, also the undisclosed mechanism of production for how implementing fluctuation pressure
With control mode.Chinese patent CN202123142U discloses a kind of extra high pressure system for realizing hydraulic forming of pipes in fluctuated loading, this is
Forming pressure fluctuation load may be implemented in system, and sealing effect is good, forming efficiency is high.The patent is by PID controller control
The oil pressure relief of pilot proportional electromagnetic relief valve processed, and pressure fluctuation, pressure are realized by pressure sensor closed loop feedback control
Power linear loading is realized simultaneously with pulsation load.But this system boost cylinder low pressure oil input end pressure constantly fluctuates, and causes system
Pressure it is unstable；Common pilot proportional electromagnetic relief valve dynamic property is difficult to reach dither requirement, when with duration
Between overflow cause energy utilization efficiency relatively low.Meanwhile the patent only discloses pulsation load hydraulic system, to whole set equipment
Not yet explicitly illustrate.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is can only realize bulging pressure linear loading, Bu Nengshi to solve existing internal high-pressure forming machine
The problem of existing pulse mode load, and then propose a kind of manufacturing process.
The present invention adopts the technical scheme that in order to solve the above problem：
A kind of middle-size and small-size internal high-pressure forming machine of bulging pressure fluctuation load of the present invention, including：It is upper beam, guide post, fast
Fast cylinder, master cylinder, moved cross beam, upper mold, axial feed the cylinder punch consistent with quantity therewith, workbench, rack, lower die, lower cylinder,
Electrical control cabinet, PLC, servo-driver, multiple buttons switch, control panel, touch screen, low pressure hydromechanical system, main unit hydraulic
System, system oil pipe, pressurized cylinder, pulse hydraulic generation device, high-pressure water pipe and pressure transmitter；
The pulse hydraulic generation device includes：Servo motor, leading screw, ball, nut, sunk screw, connecting flange, arteries and veins
Dynamic cylinder piston rod, pulsation cylinder cylinder body, inlet high pressure check valve, pressure transmitter, shut-off valve and liquid outlet high pressure check valve.It watches
Motor is taken to be fixedly connected with leading screw；Leading screw, more balls, nut collectively form ball-screw-transmission pair；Nut pedestal circumference is equal
The even multiple through-holes of distribution, connecting flange circumference corresponding position are also distributed the through-hole of identical quantity, pass through the countersunk head spiral shell of corresponding number
Nail connects the two；Pulsation cylinder piston rod upper end is fixedly connected with connecting flange, and lower end forms variable volume cavity with cylinder body；Cylinder body
Both sides are separately connected high pressure check valve, control highly pressurised liquid one-way flow；Pulse hydraulic cylinder liquid outlet passes through shut-off valve and pressure
Transmitter connects；
The host hydraulic system includes：Main sump, main motor, remote pressure regulating valve, constant pressure variable displacement pump, system overflow
Valve, at least one accumulator, electrohydraulic servo valve, two-position four-way solenoid directional control valve and pressure gauge, main sump is equipped with hydraulic oil, main
Motor is connect by shaft coupling with constant pressure variable displacement pump；The oil inlet of constant pressure variable displacement pump is connect with fuel tank, oil outlet to system four-way
Connect first interface；Four-way connection the other three interface respectively at accumulator, the oil inlet P of electrohydraulic servo valve, host other oil
Road connects；Correspondence is connect A, B hydraulic fluid port of electrohydraulic servo valve with P, T hydraulic fluid port of solenoid directional control valve respectively；A, B oil of solenoid directional control valve
Correspondence is connect mouth with the middle part hydraulic fluid port of pressurized cylinder, end hydraulic fluid port respectively；
The low pressure hydromechanical system includes：High pressure check valve, overflow valve, filling liquid motor, charging pump, filter and water tank,
Shaping liquid medium is housed in water tank；Low pressure and mass flow charging pump inlet installs filter, and liquid outlet is quickly filled to pressurized cylinder
Liquid；Overflow valve makees hydromechanical system safety valve, and high pressure check valve prevents the highly pressurised liquid in pressurized cylinder from reversely flowing into low pressure charging pump.
The cylindrical guides are 4, are each passed through moved cross beam and correspond to four holes, upper end is fixedly connected with upper beam,
Lower end is fixedly connected with workbench；Master cylinder is major diameter plunger case, and two fast cylinders are symmetrically distributed at left and right sides of master cylinder；It is main
Cylinder, two fast cylinders cylinder body be fixedly connected on upper beam lower face, master cylinder plunger piston bar, fast cylinder piston-rod end are fixedly connected
In moved cross beam upper surface；Upper mold upper surface is fixedly connected in the middle part of moved cross beam lower face, and lower die is fixed on workbench upper end
Face and upper mold corresponding position；Axial feed cylinder is two or three, is separately fixed at that workbench is left and right, rear side, third fixation
In rear side, punch is connected horizontally in its piston rod end face；Workbench is fixed in rack, and lower cylinder is arranged in rack；
The control panel is fixedly connected on upper beam, and touch screen is respectively mounted in the inner with button switch；Electrical control
Cabinet is fixedly connected on the right side of rack, and PLC (module containing AD/DA) is mounted on servo-driver inside it；
The pressurized cylinder is fixedly connected on the right side of rack, and two hydraulic fluid port of low pressure chamber passes through system oil pipe and main unit hydraulic system
System connection, high pressure chest inlet are connect by high-pressure water pipe with low pressure hydromechanical system, and liquid outlet passes through high-pressure water pipe and arteries and veins
Hydrodynamic pressure generation device connects；Pressure transmitter is inserted at pressurized cylinder liquid outlet；The liquid outlet of pulse hydraulic generation device with
Liquid-passing hole in punch is connected by high-pressure water pipe；
The button switch, touch screen, low pressure hydromechanical system, host hydraulic system, pulse hydraulic generation device and pressure
Transmitter is connected by the input or output interface of cable and PLC respectively；The input terminal of servo-driver is defeated with PLC by cable
Outgoing interface connects, and output end is connect with the servo motor in pulse hydraulic generation device；
The touch screen can be manually entered Pressure of Tube Hydroforming loading procedure, the linear loading section of pressure and pulsatile portion
Independent input parameter；Program parameter controls each system and component actuation respectively by PLC processing；Electric signal inputs electro-hydraulic servo
Valve controls the feeding of pressurized cylinder by controlling the flow of servo valve；The liquid forming medium of low pressure hydromechanical system supplement passes through
Pressurized cylinder pressurization flows into pulse hydraulic generation device, through the piston rod iterative motion pressurization shape in pulse hydraulic generation device
At pressure fluctuation, tubing is finally flowed into.Pressurized cylinder outlet end inserts pressure transmitter and detects pressure, and is telecommunications by pressure conversion
In number feed back input PLC, passes through the PID controller in PLC and form the semiclosed loop of pressure and adjust.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1, the bulging pressure conventional linear in forming process may be implemented in middle-size and small-size internal high-pressure forming machine of the present invention
Load, the load of sinusoidal pulsation wave, the load of triangle pulsation wave, the load of rectangle pulsation wave and above four kinds of load modes group at times
Box-like load expands the forming technology scope of application of equipment, improves the forming quality of product.
2, the frequency of middle-size and small-size internal high-pressure forming machine fluctuation pressure of the present invention and amplitude are continuous in wide range
It is adjustable, and two parameter adjusts independently of each other.
3, the pressure pulsation device set by the present invention uses independent electrical control, does not depend on the fluctuation of main system pressure
Or the small size flutter of pressurized cylinder forms pressure fluctuation, improves system stability.
4, the present invention forms pressure fluctuation using PLC, servo-driver control servomotor, and simple in structure, cost is opposite
Relatively low, use and maintenance is more convenient.
4, internal high-pressure forming machine host hydraulic system of the present invention uses constant pressure variable displacement pump and accumulator to combine conduct
Power source ensure that the stabilization of host hydraulic system pressure, reduces motor installed power, improves energy utilization efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the main machine structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that host of the present invention molds status diagram；
Fig. 3 is the hydraulic system principle figure of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the bulging pressure control flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the pressurized cylinder internal structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the pulse hydraulic generation device internal structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is that the bulging pressure sinuous pulsation load of the present invention loads contrast curve with conventional linear；
Fig. 8 is that the forming pressure rectangle pulsation load of the present invention loads contrast curve with conventional linear；
Fig. 9 is that the forming pressure triangle pulsation load of the present invention loads contrast curve with conventional linear；
In figure：1 upper beam；2 guide posts；3 fast cylinders；4 master cylinders；5 moved cross beams；6 upper molds；7 punches；8 axial feed cylinders；9
Workbench；10 racks；11 lower dies；12 times cylinders；13 electrical control cabinets；14PLC (module containing AD/DA)；15 servo-drivers；16 press
Button switch；17 control panels；18 touch screens；19 low pressure hydromechanical systems；20 host hydraulic systems；21 system oil pipes；22 pressurized cylinders；
23 pulse hydraulic generation devices；24 high-pressure water pipes；25 pressure transmitters；26 tubing；27 main sumps；28 main motors；29 is long-range
Pressure regulator valve；30 constant pressure variable displacement pumps；31 overflow valves；32 accumulators；33 electrohydraulic servo valves；34 two-position four-way solenoid directional control valves；35 pressures
Power table；36 high pressure check valves；37 overflow valves；38 filling liquid motors；39 low-lift pumps；40 filters；41 water tanks；42 liquid outlets；43 into
Liquid mouth；44 high pressure chests；45 middle part hydraulic fluid ports；46 piston rods；47 cylinder bodies；48 end hydraulic fluid ports；49 servo motors；50 lead screws；51 balls；
52 nuts；53 sunk screws；54 connecting flanges；55 pulsation cylinder piston rods；56 pulsation cylinder cylinder bodies；57 inlet high pressure check valves；
58 pressure transmitters；59 shut-off valves；60 liquid outlet high pressure check valves.
Wherein：Component 27-35 forms the host hydraulic system 20 in Fig. 1, and component 36-41 forms the low pressure filling liquid in Fig. 1
System 19, in Fig. 3, in addition to the icon being connect with overflow valve 37 is water tank, it is main sump 27 that other, which do not mark fuel tank icon,.
Specific implementation mode
As described below is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
For god within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on are 3 or more as axial feed cylinder increases, and are changed
Master cylinder clamping system, the quantity and size for changing pressurized cylinder, pulse hydraulic cylinder, the specification etc. of servo motor should be included in this
Within the protection domain of invention.
Embodiment 1：
The present embodiment is that bulging pressure conventional linear loads internal high pressure forming, illustrates present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1-6.
A kind of middle-size and small-size internal high-pressure forming machine of bulging pressure fluctuation load of the present invention, including：Upper beam 1, four is led
6, two 2, two fast cylinders 3 of column, master cylinder 4, moved cross beam 5, upper mold (or three) axial feed cylinders 8 are consistent with quantity therewith
Punch 7, workbench 9, rack 10, lower die 11, lower cylinder 12, electrical control cabinet 13, PLC (module containing AD/DA) 14, servo-driver
15, multiple buttons switch 16, control panel 17, touch screen 18, low pressure hydromechanical system 19, host hydraulic system 20, system oil pipe
21, pressurized cylinder 22, pulse hydraulic generation device 23, high-pressure water pipe 24, pressure transmitter 25.
The pulse hydraulic generation device 23 includes：Servo motor 49, leading screw 50, more balls 51, nut 52, Duo Gechen
Head screw 53, connecting flange 54, pulsation cylinder piston rod 55, pulsation cylinder cylinder body 56, inlet high pressure check valve 57, pressure transmitter
58, shut-off valve 59, liquid outlet high pressure check valve 60.The servo motor 49 is fixedly connected with leading screw 50；Leading screw 50, more balls
51, nut 52 forms ball-screw-transmission pair；52 pedestal even circumferential of nut is distributed multiple through-holes, and connecting flange circumference corresponds to position
The through-hole for being also distributed identical quantity is set, is connected the two by the sunk screw 53 of corresponding number；55 upper end of pulsation cylinder piston rod
Portion is fixedly connected with connecting flange 54, and lower end forms variable volume cavity with cylinder body 56；56 both sides of cylinder body are separately connected inlet high pressure
Check valve 57 and liquid outlet high pressure check valve 60 control highly pressurised liquid one-way flow；Pulse hydraulic cylinder liquid outlet connects shut-off valve
59, pressure transmitter 58 is connected on shut-off valve 59.
The host hydraulic system 20 includes：Main sump 27, main motor 28, remote pressure regulating valve 29, constant pressure variable displacement pump 30,
System overflow valve 31, at least one accumulator 32, electrohydraulic servo valve 33, two-position four-way solenoid directional control valve 34, pressure gauge 35.Host
Fuel tank 27 is equipped with hydraulic oil, and main motor 28 is connect by shaft coupling with constant pressure variable displacement pump 30；The oil inlet of constant pressure variable displacement pump 30 connects
Fuel tank 27, oil outlet to the first a interface of system four-way pipe connector；Four-way union the other three interface respectively with accumulator 32, electricity
The oil inlet P of hydraulic servo 33, host other oil circuit connections；A, B hydraulic fluid port of electrohydraulic servo valve 33 correspond to respectively and two-position four-way
P, T hydraulic fluid port of solenoid directional control valve 34 connect；A, B hydraulic fluid port of two-position four-way solenoid directional control valve 34 are respectively in corresponding and pressurized cylinder 22
Portion's hydraulic fluid port 45, end hydraulic fluid port 48 connect.
The low pressure hydromechanical system 19 includes：High pressure check valve 36, overflow valve 37, filling liquid motor 38, low-lift pump 39, filtering
Device 40, water tank 41.Shaping liquid medium is housed in water tank 41；39 inlet of low-lift pump installs filter 40, and liquid outlet is to supercharging
22 quick filling liquid of cylinder；Overflow valve 37 makees hydromechanical system safety valve, and high pressure check valve 36 prevents the highly pressurised liquid in pressurized cylinder 22 anti-
To inflow low-lift pump 39.
Four cylindrical guides 2 pass through moved cross beam 5 to correspond to four holes, and upper end is fixedly connected with upper beam 1, lower end
It is fixedly connected with workbench 9；The master cylinder 4 is major diameter plunger case, and two fast cylinders 3 are symmetrically distributed in 4 left and right sides of master cylinder；
The cylinder body of 4, two fast cylinders 3 of master cylinder is fixedly connected on 1 lower face of upper beam, and master cylinder plunger piston is fixed with fast cylinder piston-rod end
It is connected to 5 upper surface of moved cross beam；6 upper surface of the upper mold is fixedly connected in the middle part of 5 lower face of moved cross beam, and lower die 11 is fixed
In 9 upper surface of workbench and 6 corresponding position of upper mold；Described two or three axial feed cylinders 8 be fixed on workbench 9 it is left and right, after
Side (third is fixed on rear side), punch 7 is connected horizontally in its piston rod end face；The workbench 9 is fixed in rack 10,
Lower cylinder 12 is arranged in rack 10；
The control panel 17 is fixedly connected on 1 right side of upper beam, and touch screen 18 is respectively mounted in the inner with button switch 16；
Electrical control cabinet 13 is fixedly connected on 10 right side of rack, and PLC (module containing AD/DA) 14 is respectively mounted in the inner with servo-driver 15
Portion；Pressurized cylinder 22 is fixedly connected on the right side of rack, and two hydraulic fluid port 45,48 of low pressure chamber passes through system oil pipe 21 and host hydraulic system
20 connections, high pressure chest inlet 43 are connect by high-pressure water pipe 24 with low pressure hydromechanical system, and liquid outlet 42 passes through high pressure water
Pipe is connect with pulse hydraulic generation device 23；Pressure transmitter 25 is inserted at pressurized cylinder liquid outlet 42；Pulse hydraulic generates dress
23 liquid outlet is set to connect by high-pressure water pipe 24 with the liquid-passing hole in punch 7；
The button switch 16, touch screen 18, low pressure hydromechanical system 19, host hydraulic system 20, pulse hydraulic generate dress
23 are set to connect by the input or output interface of cable and PLC14 respectively with pressure transmitter 25；The input of servo-driver 15
End is connect by cable with PLC output interfaces, and output end is connect with the servo motor 49 in pulse hydraulic generation device；
The touch screen 18 can be manually entered Pressure of Tube Hydroforming loading procedure, pressure conventional linear loading section and arteries and veins
Loading section independent input parameter is moved, pulse free loads parameter in the present embodiment；Program parameter is controlled respectively by PLC14 processing
Make each system and component actuation；Electric signal inputs electrohydraulic servo valve 33, and pressurized cylinder 22 is controlled by controlling the flow of servo valve
Feeding；The liquid forming medium that low pressure hydromechanical system 19 supplements flows into pulse hydraulic generation device by the pressurization of pressurized cylinder 22
23；Piston rod locking in pulse hydraulic generation device 23 is motionless, and high-pressure forming medium finally flows into tubing 26.Pressurized cylinder 22 goes out
Inserting pressure transmitter 25 in mouth end detects pressure, and is in electric signal feed back input PLC14, by PLC by pressure conversion
PID controller forms the half-closed loop control of pressure.
In the present embodiment, interior pressure is with the linear function that the load time changes：
Before processing, input forming process is as shown in the table in touch screen 18：
In upper table, time point is the starting point or turning point of interior pressure line load；Pressure is the bulging pressure at the moment；
Pulse mode is：0 pulse free, 1 sinusoidal pulsation wave, 2 rectangle pulsation waves, 3 triangle pulsation waves；Amplitude h is cylinder of pulsing at the corresponding moment
The amplitude of 46 back and forth movement of piston rod, frequency are 46 reciprocating frequency of piston rod.
Then, pretreated tubing 26 is placed in 11 correct position of lower die, the corresponding button pressed in control panel 17 is opened
It closes 16 and starts semi-automatic formings, master cylinder 4 drives the first fast downlink of moved cross beam 5, until upper mold 6 when lower die 11 close to switching to close at a slow speed
Mould；8 rapid axial of axial feed cylinder position, at the same time filling liquid motor 38 start, low-lift pump 39 be discharged low pressure shaping liquid according to
It is secondary after pressurized cylinder 22 and pulse hydraulic generation device 23, the liquid-passing hole into punch 7；Axial feed cylinder navigates to predetermined
26 each end of sealed tube behind position, and drain its internal air；Subsequent axial feed cylinder 8 switchs to feed at a slow speed, and according to
Setting program is fed；Initial time is fed, the high pressure chest 44 of pressurized cylinder 22 is in maximum volume state and is full of low pressure liquid；
Main motor 28 drives constant pressure variable displacement pump 30 to provide power for hydraulic system, and PLC14 controls electrohydraulic servo valve 33 according to setting program
Spool movement, while 34 spool of two-position four-way solenoid directional control valve be in right position and connects, and hydraulic oil enters pressurized cylinder 22 from hydraulic fluid port
Low pressure chamber pushes piston rod 46 to be moved to 44 side of high pressure chest；Pulsation liquid is flowed successively through after shaping liquid supercharging in high pressure chest 44
The inlet high pressure check valve 57 and liquid outlet high pressure check valve 60 in generation device 23 are pressed, servo motor 49, which is in, at this time shuts down
State does not generate fluctuation pressure；Highly pressurised liquid enters eventually by the filling liquid hole in punch 7 inside tubing 26, in axial feed
Cooperation under so that tubing 26 is adjacent to upper mould 6 and 11 inner wall of lower die, shape required shapes.
In this forming process, the output pressure of constant pressure variable displacement pump 30 can be controlled by adjusting the pressure of remote pressure regulating valve 29
Power；Overflow valve 31 controls host hydraulic system maximum pressure, plays pressure limiting safety effect；Accumulator 32 is inhaled in host work gap
Hydraulic oil is received, high-volume hydraulic oil is quickly mended to electrohydraulic servo valve 33 when forming pressure rises very fast, reduces the dress of motor 28
Machine rated power；Pressure gauge 35 can 22 low pressure chamber of real-time display pressurized cylinder pressure, observe monitoring in real time convenient for device operator
Forming process；Pressure transmitter 25 acquires the pressure of 22 high pressure chest liquid outlet 42 of pressurized cylinder in real time, and is converted to electric signal feedback
Into PLC14, pressure closed loop feedback control, the spool movement of real-time control electrohydraulic servo valve 33 are formed；Simultaneously on touch screen 18
The variation of real-time display bulging pressure；High pressure check valve 36 prevents high-pressure forming liquid reverse reflux to low pressure charging pump 39.
After the completion of internal high pressure forming program executes, axial feed cylinder 8 quickly retracts initial position, 26 pressure release of tubing, quickly
Cylinder 3 drives the die sinking of 5 fast uplink of moved cross beam, finally takes out the tubing 26 of forming, is ready for next component shaping.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment is that bulging pressure sinuous pulsation loads internal high pressure forming, illustrates present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1-7.
In the present embodiment, interior pressure loading curve function is：
P1(t)=P0(t)+ΔPsin(2πωt)
In formula, Δ P is pulsation wave-amplitude, and the present embodiment takes 5MPa；ω is ripple frequency, and 1Hz is taken in the present embodiment.
Unlike compared with Example 1, pulsation load mode selection 1, amplitude h needs are surveyed manually before part forming
It is fixed.Because of the pressure of system feedback control conventional linear load, fluctuation pressure part opened loop control, input program is that pulsation cylinder is lived
Stopper rod amplitude h rather than fluctuating pressure amplitude Δ P.Known forming medium fluid mechanical attribute, pulsation cylinder, high-pressure water pipe, tubing ruler
It is very little etc., the corresponding piston rod amplitude h of amplitude Δ P can be calculated by theory deduction, but as it is assumed that excessive, system has leakage
Equal uncontrollable factors, lead to that there are large errors.Therefore by measuring pulsation cylinder piston rod amplitude manually in equipment compared with subject to
Really.
The present invention is middle-size and small-size internal high-pressure forming machine, pressure fluctuation amplitude Δ P is constant, pressure controling precision requires not
In the case of height, constant amplitude h values can be set.If being found after forming, pressure amplitude Δ P attenuation amplitudes exceed required pressure
Control accuracy can then mend pulsation cylinder piston rod amplitude h by comparing the real-time pressure value recorded on touch screen 18
It repays, day part starting point sets different amplitudes, and system automatically determines often according to the h values of initial time according to linear interpolation method
The piston rod amplitude of one pulsation period.
The method of measurement pulsation 46 amplitude of cylinder piston rod is manually：Set device is to run shape manually in touch screen 18
State；It presses the corresponding button switch 16 and manually controls the quickly positioning of the molding of master cylinder 4, punch 7；Supercharging is manually controlled on touch screen 18
22 crawl of cylinder is pressurized, and fracture failure (pressure has mutation when tubing ruptures) does not occur in guarantee tubing, by theoretical calculation
Touch screen is inputted on the basis of the h values obtained, then manually controls the operation of pulse hydraulic generation device 23, pressure transmitter 25 is real-time
Acquisition 60 outlet pressure of check valve is simultaneously shown on touch screen 18.It observes actual pressure pulsating quantity and is compared with theoretical value, repeatedly
Feedback modifiers, the final reasonable value for determining h.
The present embodiment forming process is compared with Example 1 unlike another place, during semi-automatic forming, liquid of pulsing
Press generation device 23 in operating status, initial time pulsation cylinder piston rod 55 is in equalization point, and highly pressurised liquid is from pressurized cylinder 22
Become sinuous pulsation pressure after.Sinuous pulsation pressure generate mechanism be：PLC14 output control electric signals, by servo
Driving servo motor 49 rotates after driver 15 amplifies, and rotational angular velocity changes for sinusoidal rule, and maximum value is according to pulsation frequency
Rate ω and piston rod amplitude h are calculated acquisition by system automatically.Servo motor 49 drives ballscrew nut fitting to turn rotary motion
Linear motion is turned to, nut 52 drives piston rod 46 to make up and down reciprocatingly sinusoidal motion, and rodless cavity pressure fluctuation is made to change；Inlet
High pressure check valve 57 and liquid outlet high pressure check valve 60 prevent highly pressurised liquid reverse flow in pulsation, reduce interference；Shut-off valve
59 open when pulsing loading and shaping, are closed in non-pulsating loading and shaping, improve the service life of pressure transmitter 58.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is bulging pressure rectangle pulsation load internal high pressure forming, illustrates present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1-9, Fig. 8.
Interior pressure loading curve function is in the present embodiment：
In formula, Δ P is pulsation wave-amplitude, and the present embodiment takes 5MPa；ω is ripple frequency, and 1Hz is taken in the present embodiment.
Unlike compared with Example 2, within each pulsation period, servo motor 49 drives piston with maximum (top) speed
Bar 46 moves.Piston rod 46 is fast moved from equalization point to peak swing h, is come downwards under equalization point after suspending a period of time
At h, equalization point is quickly returned when suspending identical.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is bulging pressure triangle pulsation load internal high pressure forming, illustrates present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1-6, Fig. 9.
Triangular wave in the present embodiment, amplitude Δ P=5MPa, period ω=1Hz.It is different with specific implementation mode two
, within each pulsation period, servo motor 46 drives piston rod 47 at the uniform velocity to be moved up and down since equalization point.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is a variety of segments combined loads of load mode timesharing, illustrates present embodiment in conjunction with Fig. 1-9.
It is as shown in the table to input program：
Pulse hydraulic generation device exports sine wave fluctuation pressure in 0-5s, and rectangular wave fluctuation pressure is exported in 5-15s,
15-20s exports triangular wave fluctuation pressure, realizes a variety of segments combined loads of load mode timesharing.Amplitude h by 5mm finely tune to
5.3mm carries out adequate compensation to the decaying of pressure fluctuation.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of manufacturing process, is, program parameter controls each system and component actuation respectively by PLC processing；Electric signal
Electrohydraulic servo valve is inputted, the feeding of pressurized cylinder is controlled by controlling the flow of servo valve；The liquid of low pressure hydromechanical system supplement
It shapes medium and flows into pulse hydraulic generation device by pressurized cylinder pressurization；Piston rod locking in pulse hydraulic generation device is not
Dynamic, high-pressure forming medium finally flows into tubing；Pressurized cylinder outlet end inserts pressure transmitter and detects pressure, and is by pressure conversion
In electric signal feed back input PLC, the half-closed loop control of pressure is formed by the PID controller in PLC；
Interior pressure is with the linear function that the load time changes：
Before processing, input forming process is as shown in the table in touch screen：
In upper table, time point is the starting point or turning point of interior pressure line load；Pressure is the bulging pressure at the moment；Amplitude
H is the amplitude of corresponding moment pulsation cylinder piston rod back and forth movement, and frequencies omega is piston rod reciprocating frequency；
Pretreated tubing is placed in lower die correct position, press in control panel the corresponding button switch start it is semi-automatic at
Shape, master cylinder drive moved cross beam elder generation fast downlink, switch to mold at a slow speed when until upper mold is close to lower die；Axial feed cylinder rapid axial
Positioning, at the same time filling liquid electric motor starting, low-lift pump are discharged low pressure shaping liquid and pass through pressurized cylinder and pulse hydraulic generation successively
After device, into the liquid-passing hole in punch；Axial feed cylinder navigates to each end of sealed tube behind precalculated position, and drains in it
The air in portion；Subsequent axial feed cylinder switchs to feed at a slow speed, and is fed according to setting program；Initial time is fed, pressurized cylinder
High pressure chest is in maximum volume state and is full of low pressure liquid；Main motor driving constant pressure variable displacement pump provides dynamic for hydraulic system
Power, the spool that PLC controls electrohydraulic servo valve according to setting program moves, while two-position four-way electromagnetic switch valve core is in right position
It connects, hydraulic oil enters pressurized cylinder low pressure chamber from hydraulic fluid port, and piston rod is pushed to be moved to high pressure chest side；Shaping liquid in high pressure chest
The inlet high pressure check valve and liquid outlet high pressure check valve in pulse hydraulic generation device are flowed successively through after supercharging, at this time servo
Motor is in shutdown status, does not generate fluctuation pressure；Highly pressurised liquid enters eventually by the filling liquid hole in punch inside tubing,
So that tubing is adjacent to upper mould and lower die inner wall under the cooperation of axial feed, shapes required shapes.
2. a kind of manufacturing process described in claim 1, is, is applied on forming machine, the forming machine includes：
Upper beam, guide post, fast cylinder, master cylinder, moved cross beam, upper mold, axial feed the cylinder punch consistent with quantity therewith, workbench,
Rack, lower cylinder, electrical control cabinet, PLC, servo-driver, button switch, control panel, touch screen, system oil pipe, increases lower die
Cylinder pressure, high-pressure water pipe and pressure transmitter；It is characterized in that：Further include：
Pulse hydraulic generation device：The pulse hydraulic generation device includes：Servo motor, leading screw, ball, nut, countersunk head spiral shell
Nail, connecting flange, pulsation cylinder piston rod, pulsation cylinder cylinder body, inlet high pressure check valve, pressure transmitter, shut-off valve and go out liquid
Mouth high pressure check valve, servo motor are fixedly connected with leading screw；Leading screw, more balls, nut collectively form ball-screw-transmission pair；
Nut pedestal even circumferential is distributed multiple through-holes, and connecting flange circumference corresponding position is also distributed the through-hole of identical quantity, by right
The sunk screw of quantity is answered to connect the two；Pulsation cylinder piston rod upper end is fixedly connected with connecting flange, lower end and cylinder body shape
At variable volume cavity；Cylinder body both sides are separately connected high pressure check valve, control highly pressurised liquid one-way flow；At pulse hydraulic cylinder liquid outlet
It is connect with pressure transmitter by shut-off valve；
Host hydraulic system：The host hydraulic system includes：Main sump, main motor, remote pressure regulating valve, constant pressure variable displacement pump,
System overflow valve, at least one accumulator, electrohydraulic servo valve, two-position four-way solenoid directional control valve and pressure gauge, main sump are equipped with
Hydraulic oil, main motor are connect by shaft coupling with constant pressure variable displacement pump；The oil inlet of constant pressure variable displacement pump is connect with fuel tank, and oil outlet is extremely
One interface of system four-way connection；Four-way connection the other three interface is respectively at accumulator, the oil inlet P of electrohydraulic servo valve, master
Other oil circuit connections of machine；Correspondence is connect A, B hydraulic fluid port of electrohydraulic servo valve with P, T hydraulic fluid port of solenoid directional control valve respectively；Electromagnetic switch
Correspondence is connect A, B hydraulic fluid port of valve with the middle part hydraulic fluid port of pressurized cylinder, end hydraulic fluid port respectively；
Low pressure hydromechanical system：The low pressure hydromechanical system includes：High pressure check valve, overflow valve, filling liquid motor, charging pump, filtering
Device and water tank are equipped with shaping liquid medium in water tank；Low pressure and mass flow charging pump inlet installs filter, and liquid outlet is to supercharging
The quick filling liquid of cylinder；Overflow valve makees hydromechanical system safety valve, and it is low that high pressure check valve prevents the highly pressurised liquid in pressurized cylinder from reversely flowing into
Press charging pump.
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| CN109404371A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2019-03-01 | 吉林省正轩车架有限公司 | A kind of hydraulic system can be shortened interior high-pressure molding process cycle |
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| CN106734493B (en) | 2018-06-26 |
| CN106734493A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
| CN108405698A (en) | 2018-08-17 |
| CN108356128B (en) | 2019-09-10 |
| CN108356128A (en) | 2018-08-03 |
| CN108405697B (en) | 2019-10-01 |
| CN108405698B (en) | 2019-11-19 |
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