CN112246951B - Two-way synchronous loading hydraulic forming equipment for sealing ring of aero-engine - Google Patents
Two-way synchronous loading hydraulic forming equipment for sealing ring of aero-engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112246951B CN112246951B CN202010519076.0A CN202010519076A CN112246951B CN 112246951 B CN112246951 B CN 112246951B CN 202010519076 A CN202010519076 A CN 202010519076A CN 112246951 B CN112246951 B CN 112246951B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
- B21D53/16—Making other particular articles rings, e.g. barrel hoops
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/182—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by the machine tool function, e.g. thread cutting, cam making, tool direction control
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic forming device for bidirectional synchronous loading of a sealing ring of an aero-engine, which comprises an automatic die-filling system, a host system, an ultrahigh pressure system and a numerical control system; the host system comprises two servo hydraulic cylinders with displacement synchronous control precision reaching +/-0.02 mm and a mode locking hydraulic cylinder. The ultrahigh pressure system drives the hydraulic cylinder and also provides bulging pressure of 100MPa at most, and the pressure is dynamically adjustable along with the feeding displacement of the servo hydraulic cylinder so as to meet the requirement of bidirectional synchronous loading hydraulic forming of the deformed material special-shaped section member such as high-temperature alloy and the like. The numerical control system has intelligent functions of a database, parameter analysis and the like based on the control mode of the upper computer and the lower computer. The invention adopts closed-loop control, integrates the functions of accurate load application, servo drive/hydraulic dead load composite control, real-time load/pressure detection, intelligent forming error compensation and the like, realizes the integration and automation of the bidirectional loading bulging process, and ensures the consistency and stability of product quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of hydraulic forming, and relates to an aero-engine sealing ring bidirectional synchronous loading hydraulic forming device integrating accurate load application, servo drive/hydraulic constant load composite control, load/pressure real-time detection, forming error intelligent compensation and automatic die filling.
Background
The metal sealing ring is an axial self-tightening static sealing structure with a novel sealing form and a better sealing effect, and the section of the metal sealing ring is generally in a W, M or more complex multi-wave shape. The metal sealing ring has the advantages of good resilience, strong vibration absorption capacity, large deformation range, long service life and the like, and is a key basic part for sealing leakage in high-temperature, high-pressure, vibrating and strong-corrosion environments of aeroengines.
Hydroforming is a plastic working technique that uses liquid as a force-transmitting medium to cause a workpiece to be pressed against a die. Hydroforming is an advanced flexible forming method, and is very suitable for integral precise forming manufacturing of the metal sealing ring. At present, the independent manufacture of the metal sealing ring is basically realized in China, but the forming of manual operation equipment is mainly used, the clamping adjustment, the centering of workpieces, the forming of molded surfaces and the like are mainly guaranteed by the skills of workers, and the consistency and the stability of the product quality are poor. However, in foreign countries, full-automatic, flexible and intelligent numerical control equipment is generally adopted in the production process of the metal sealing ring, and blanks are automatically loaded to finish the manufacturing process according to program setting after being loaded, so that the method can be used for forming metal sealing rings of different types and specifications. In addition, automatic forming process equipment and a corresponding digital process software system are adopted abroad, and for a metal sealing ring with the thickness of 0.1mm, the height direction error of the whole ring can be controlled within 5% of the height of the metal sealing ring, and the roundness and the flatness are kept to be about 2% of the diameter.
Therefore, aiming at the problem that the consistency and stability of the product quality are difficult to guarantee as the manual operation digital display equipment is mainly used for forming the high-temperature alloy metal sealing ring in the prior art, the special process equipment for the metal sealing ring of the aero-engine is researched and developed, the consistency and stability of the product quality of the metal sealing ring are guaranteed by adopting the automatic process equipment, the problem of 'neck clamping' in the metal sealing field in the research and development of the aero-engine with the key model is solved, the core technical level and the capability of specialized products are comprehensively improved, and the rapid research and the sustainable development of the products are promoted.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides special equipment for hydraulic forming by bidirectional synchronous loading of a sealing ring of an aero-engine, which integrates the functions of accurate load application, servo drive/hydraulic dead load composite control, load/pressure real-time detection, forming error intelligent compensation, automatic die filling and the like, overcomes the problems that the existing sealing ring component forming equipment is low in automation degree and excessively depends on manual operation to influence quality stability, and ensures the consistency and stability of product quality.
The invention provides a hydraulic forming device for bidirectional synchronous loading of a sealing ring of an aero-engine, which comprises an automatic die-filling system, a host system, an ultrahigh pressure system and a numerical control system, wherein the numerical control system is based on an upper computer control mode and a lower computer control mode and industrial Ethernet communication, adopts full-digital closed-loop control and automatically controls the ultrahigh pressure system in real time;
the automatic die filling system comprises a rack, a roller conveyor and a forming die, wherein the roller conveyor is fixed on the rack, and the forming die travels to the host system through the roller conveyor;
the host system comprises a mold locking hydraulic cylinder and two servo hydraulic cylinders which feed synchronously, the mold locking hydraulic cylinder is configured to provide mold locking force for the forming mold to seal a forming cavity of the forming mold, and the two servo hydraulic cylinders are configured to load the forming mold synchronously in two directions to realize a two-way loading forming sealing ring;
the ultrahigh pressure system comprises a hydraulic accessory, a first servo motor, a second servo motor and a third servo motor, wherein the hydraulic accessory comprises a hydraulic pump and a pressure cylinder, the first servo motor drives the hydraulic pump and the pressure cylinder to provide ultrahigh bulging pressure in a forming cavity, the second servo motor drives the mold locking hydraulic cylinder to provide mold locking force, and the third servo motor drives the two servo hydraulic cylinders to provide synchronous feeding force.
In some embodiments, the host system may include a column, an upper mount, a load cell, a connecting seat, and a lower mount; the upper mounting seat and the lower mounting seat are respectively connected with two ends of the upright post; the mould locking hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected above the upper mounting seat; the upper mounting seat is provided with a central through hole along the height direction; a piston rod of the mold locking hydraulic cylinder penetrates through the central through hole to move downwards so as to provide mold locking force for the forming mold; each servo hydraulic cylinder is connected with the connecting seat, and the connecting seat is fixedly connected to the lower mounting seat; the two servo hydraulic cylinders are configured to be located on symmetrical sides of and to center a forming die traveling to the host system.
In some embodiments, the host system may include a load cell that may be mounted in and move with a piston rod of the clamping hydraulic cylinder for measuring clamping force in real time.
In some embodiments, the hydraulic accessories may include a proportional relief valve, a reversing valve, a pressure sensor, a check valve, a pilot operated check valve, and a one-way sequence valve; the proportional overflow valve is used for adjusting bulging pressure in a forming cavity of the forming die; the reversing valve is used for controlling the connection, the disconnection and the direction of a hydraulic oil path, so as to control the low pressure, the high pressure, the retraction and the like of the pressure cylinder; the pressure sensor is used for measuring bulging pressure in a forming cavity of the forming die in real time; the check valve is used for controlling hydraulic oil to pass in a single direction; the hydraulic control one-way valve is used for controlling the two-way passing of the hydraulic oil when the pressure cylinder retracts; the one-way sequence valve is used for pressure maintaining oil return when the pressure cylinder retracts.
In some embodiments, the ultrahigh pressure system may employ a zone control technique to control the bulging pressure in the forming cavity of the forming die, and when the required bulging pressure for forming the packing ring is lower than 30MPa, the hydraulic pump is used to directly provide the bulging pressure; and when the bulging pressure required by the forming sealing ring is higher than 30MPa, the required bulging pressure is reached by pressurizing through the pressurizing cylinder.
In some embodiments, the pressurization ratio of the pressurization cylinder may be 3.3, and the first servo motor drives the hydraulic pump and the pressurization cylinder to provide an ultrahigh-pressure bulging pressure of 100MPa at most in the forming cavity.
In some embodiments, the numerical control system may include a touch screen, an industrial personal computer, and a PLC system, and the working parameters and the shaping curve are input to the industrial personal computer through the touch screen, and control parameters are input to the PLC system; the PLC system is used for collecting detection data of each sensor and controlling the starting and stopping of the first servo motor, the second servo motor and the third servo motor.
In some embodiments, the touch screen can be rotatably and retractably hung outside the host system through an L-shaped arm; the first servo motor, the second servo motor and the third servo motor are positioned at the lower part of the ultrahigh pressure system.
In some embodiments, the feed displacement of the two servo hydraulic cylinders may be measured by a grating displacement sensor and the measurement data transmitted to the numerical control system by the grating displacement sensor.
In some embodiments, the bidirectional loading synchronous control precision of the two servo hydraulic cylinders can reach +/-0.02 mm, so that the forming precision of the special-shaped section of the sealing ring is ensured.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention can realize three control modes of automation, semi-automation and manual operation, and ensure the consistency and stability of the quality of the sealing ring products;
2) the host system of the invention uses two servo feeding cylinders loaded synchronously in two directions, monitors the displacement of the two servo cylinders through two grating displacement sensors, utilizes a proportional displacement synchronous control technology, combines a PID control algorithm and series-parallel mixed feedback signals, respectively adopts independent hydraulic pressure to control the feeding displacement of the two servo cylinders, realizes the synchronous feeding of the two servo cylinders, and the displacement synchronous control precision reaches +/-0.02 mm.
3) According to the invention, servo drive/hydraulic constant load hybrid control is adopted, hydraulic bulging and bidirectional synchronous loading are combined, a mold locking hydraulic cylinder provides mold locking force for a forming mold, sealing of a forming cavity of the forming mold is ensured during forming, and when two servo feeding cylinders are loaded bidirectionally and synchronously, an ultrahigh pressure system provides bulging pressure to the forming cavity of the mold according to a certain loading path by using a hydraulic pump and a pressure cylinder, so that different process requirements of different parts are met, and bidirectional loading flexible forming is realized;
4) the ultrahigh pressure system utilizes a bulging pressure zone control technology, has high control precision, is directly provided by a hydraulic pump when the required bulging pressure is less than 30MPa, is pressurized by a pressurizing cylinder (the pressurizing ratio is 3.3) when the bulging pressure is more than 30MPa, measures the bulging pressure in real time by a pressure sensor, and utilizes a proportional overflow valve to accurately regulate the bulging pressure;
5) the numerical control system adopts industrial Ethernet communication, has high data transmission speed and strong anti-interference capability, and can realize remote monitoring;
6) the numerical control system adopts an upper computer control mode and a lower computer control mode, adopts full-digital closed-loop control to display and adjust the mold locking force, the feeding displacement and the bulging pressure in real time; the production data can be collected in real time, various working curves and working states can be output, the data is stored, a database is established, historical setting and process data are imported when the data are reused, and the technical process can be reproduced and reused.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an aeroengine sealing ring hydroforming apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic mold filling system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a host system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the ultra-high pressure system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the servo drive/hydraulic deadweight control principle of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the bulging pressure zone control principle of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the closed-loop control principle of the numerical control system of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating the proportional displacement synchronous control principle of two servo cylinders according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.
In the drawings:
1-a frame; 2-a roller conveyor; 3-forming a mold; 4-locking hydraulic cylinder; 5-a servo hydraulic cylinder; 6-upright post; 7-column nut; 8-mounting a base; 9-clamping cylinder flange; 10-a connecting seat; 11-servo cylinder flange; 12-a lower mount; 13-hydraulic accessories; 14-a first servomotor; 15-a second servo motor; 16-a third servo motor; 17-a control cabinet; 18-an escalator; 19-a hydraulic pump; 20-a pressure cylinder; 21-proportional relief valve; 22-a three-position four-way reversing valve; 23-a two-position four-way reversing valve; 24-a two-position two-way directional valve; 25-a pressure sensor; 26-a one-way valve; 27-a pilot operated check valve; 28-one-way sequence valve; 29-a load cell; 30-a grating displacement sensor; 31-a touch screen; 32-parts.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The embodiment provides special equipment for hydraulic forming by bidirectional synchronous loading of a sealing ring of an aero-engine, which comprises an automatic die filling system, a host system, an ultrahigh pressure system and a numerical control system, as shown in fig. 1, and each part will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The automatic die-filling system of the embodiment includes a frame 1, a roller conveyor 2 and a forming die 3, as shown in fig. 2, the frame 1 is formed by welding cut aluminum alloy sections of a specific length in a truss structure, the roller conveyor 2 is fixed on the frame 1, and the forming die 3 is conveyed on the roller conveyor 2.
The main machine system of the invention adopts two synchronously-fed servo hydraulic cylinders and a mold locking hydraulic cylinder, and is matched with hydraulic bulging in a mold forming cavity, thereby meeting the technological requirements of bidirectional synchronous loading hydraulic forming. As shown in fig. 3, the host system of this embodiment includes a mold locking hydraulic cylinder 4, two servo hydraulic cylinders 5, a column 6, a column nut 7, an upper mounting seat 8, a mold locking cylinder flange 9, a connecting seat 10, a servo cylinder flange 11, and a lower mounting seat 12. The upper mounting seat 8 and the lower mounting seat 12 are connected through four upright posts 6 and fixed by upright post nuts 7, and the upright posts 6, the upper mounting seat 8 and the lower mounting seat 12 form a rigid closed frame together. The mode locking hydraulic cylinder 4 is fixed above the upper mounting seat 8 in a matched mode locking cylinder flange 9 through threaded connection, the upper mounting seat 8 is provided with a central through hole along the height direction of the upper mounting seat, and a piston rod of the mode locking hydraulic cylinder 4 can penetrate through the central through hole to move downwards so as to provide mode locking force for the forming die 3 which advances to the host system. In particular, the clamping cylinder 4 can provide a maximum clamping force of 400kN to ensure the sealing of the forming cavity of the forming die 3 under high pressure during the forming process. The two servo hydraulic cylinders 5 are matched with the servo cylinder flanges 11 and are connected to the respective connecting seats 10 through threads, the two connecting seats 10 are symmetrically fixed on two sides of the lower mounting seat 12 through threaded connection, and the two connecting seats bear working loads such as mold clamping force from the mold clamping hydraulic cylinder 4 and axial feeding force of the servo hydraulic cylinders 5. In particular, two servo-hydraulic cylinders 5 are located on symmetrical sides of the forming die 3 and centre the forming die 3.
The ultra-high pressure system of the present embodiment includes a hydraulic attachment 13, a first servo motor 14, a second servo motor 15, a third servo motor 16, a control cabinet 17, and an escalator 18, as shown in fig. 4. Wherein the stairs 18 are welded to the outside of the extra high pressure system so that an operator can manually adjust the extra high pressure system. Preferably, as in the present embodiment, three servo motors, namely, a first servo motor 14, a second servo motor 15 and a third servo motor 16, are located at the lower part of the ultrahigh pressure system, the first servo motor 14 can drive the hydraulic attachment 13 to provide bulging pressure of up to 100MPa in the forming cavity, the second servo motor 15 can drive the mold locking hydraulic cylinder 4 to provide mold locking force, and the third servo motor 16 can drive the two servo hydraulic cylinders 5 to provide synchronous feeding force.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the hydraulic attachment 13 in the present embodiment includes a hydraulic pump 19, a pressure-increasing cylinder 20, a proportional relief valve 21, a three-position four-way selector valve 22, a two-position four-way selector valve 23, a two-position two-way selector valve 24, a pressure sensor 25, a check valve 26, a pilot-operated check valve 27, and a check sequence valve 28. Wherein, the hydraulic pump 19 is used for oil supply; the preferable pressure ratio of the pressure cylinder 20 is 3.3, and the maximum bulging pressure is ensured to reach 100 MPa; the proportional overflow valve 21 is used for adjusting bulging pressure in a forming cavity in real time; the pressure sensor 25 is used for measuring the bulging pressure in the forming cavity in real time; the check valve 26 is used for controlling the hydraulic oil to pass in a single direction; the hydraulic control one-way valve 27 controls the two-way passing of the hydraulic oil when the pressure cylinder 20 retracts; the one-way sequence valve 28 is used for pressure-maintaining oil return when the booster cylinder 20 retracts.
Particularly, the invention can utilize a numerical control system to control an ultrahigh pressure system while driving two servo hydraulic cylinders 5 to synchronously load by a proportional displacement synchronous control technology, utilize a hydraulic pump 19, a pressure cylinder 20 and a proportional overflow valve 21 to provide different bulging pressures into a die forming cavity according to a certain loading path, meet the forming requirements of different types of sealing ring parts, and combine hydraulic bulging in the forming cavity with bidirectional loading of the two servo cylinders to realize bidirectional loading flexible forming.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the ultrahigh pressure system adjusts the pressure of the mold clamping hydraulic cylinder 4 and the two servo hydraulic cylinders 5 through the hydraulic pump 19 to provide the required mold clamping force and feeding force for the forming mold 3, and simultaneously, the load cell 29 is used to measure the mold clamping force to ensure the sealing of the forming cavity of the forming mold 3 during the forming process. Preferably, the load cell 29 is installed in the piston rod of the clamping cylinder 4 by a bolt to move downward with the piston rod (see fig. 9) so as to measure the clamping force of the clamping cylinder 4 in real time. The two servo hydraulic cylinders 5 are controlled by two independent hydraulic pumps to drive the forming die 3 to synchronously feed axially, the axial displacement of the forming die is measured by a grating displacement sensor 30 (shown in figure 3), and data is transmitted to a numerical control system for closed-loop control by the grating displacement sensor 30. The pressure in the forming cavity of the forming die 3 is adjusted through the pressure cylinder 20, the bulging pressure is measured in real time by adopting the pressure sensor 25 and is transmitted to the numerical control system, the on-off of an oil way can be controlled by the reversing valves 22 and 23, so that the ascending, descending and returning of the pressure cylinder 20 are controlled, different bulging pressures required by parts in different forming stages are provided, and servo driving/hydraulic constant load control is realized by matching with synchronous axial feeding of the two servo hydraulic cylinders 5. The reversing valve 24 is used for collecting hydraulic oil in a mold forming cavity for recycling or supplementing oil to the mold cavity. Secondly, particularly, the ultrahigh pressure system of the invention utilizes the bulging pressure zone control technology to control the bulging pressure in the forming die 3 so as to meet the forming requirements of parts with different thicknesses. As shown in fig. 6, when the bulging pressure required by the forming part is below 30MPa, the right position of the three-position four-way directional valve 22 is connected to the oil path, the two-position four-way directional valve 23 is not closed, the two-position two-way directional valve 24 is connected, the pilot operated check valve 27 can only be communicated in one direction, the hydraulic pump 19 directly supplies oil to the liquid chamber, the hydraulic oil flows through the check valve 26, the three-position four-way directional valve 22, the pilot operated check valve 27, the proportional relief valve 21 and the two-position two-way directional valve 24 to reach the forming cavity of the forming die 3 and flow to the upper cavity of the pressurization cylinder 20, the bulging pressure is measured in real time by the pressure sensor 25; when a formed part needs fluid pressure of more than 30MPa, the right position of a three-position four-way reversing valve 22 is connected into an oil way, a two-position four-way reversing valve 23 is connected, a two-position two-way reversing valve 24 is connected, a hydraulic control one-way valve 27 can be communicated in two directions, oil is supplied by a hydraulic pump 19, hydraulic oil flows through a one-way valve 26, the three-position four-way reversing valve 22, the hydraulic control one-way valve 27 and the two-position four-way reversing valve 23 to reach the lower cavity of a pressure cylinder 20, the pressure is increased through the pressure cylinder 20, hydraulic oil in the upper cavity of the pressure cylinder 20 flows into a forming cavity of a forming die 3 to form high pressure, the hydraulic oil flows out through the two-position two-way reversing valve 24, bulging pressure is measured through a pressure sensor 25, and the pressure is adjusted through a proportional overflow valve 21 to reach the required forming pressure; after the formation is finished, the pressure cylinder 20 needs to retract, the left position of the three-position four-way reversing valve 22 is connected to an oil way, the two-position four-way reversing valve 23 is connected, the two-position two-way reversing valve 24 is connected, the hydraulic oil flows through the one-way valve 26, the three-position four-way reversing valve 22 and the one-way sequence valve 28 and enters the middle cavity of the pressure cylinder 20, and the hydraulic oil in the lower cavity of the pressure cylinder 20 flows back through the two-position four-way reversing valve 23 and the hydraulic control one-way valve 27. Particularly, the bulging pressure of the forming cavity of the forming die 3 in the forming process can be continuously adjusted along with the feeding displacement of the two servo hydraulic cylinders 5, and the forming requirement of the high-temperature alloy material can be met.
The numerical control system of the invention adopts an upper computer control mode, a lower computer control mode and closed-loop control, as shown in fig. 7, the upper computer system mainly comprises a touch screen 31 and an industrial personal computer, is responsible for monitoring the real-time state of the forming equipment, inputs working parameters and forming curves into the industrial personal computer through the touch screen 31, and writes control parameters into the lower computer system. The lower computer system mainly comprises a PLC system, and the PLC system can collect data of the weighing sensor 29, the pressure sensor 25 and the grating displacement sensor 30 and control the starting and stopping of the 3 servo motors. As shown in fig. 7, the communication module inputs the control parameters into the digital input module to realize the setting and control of the switching value, the high-speed counter module can read the data of the grating displacement sensor 30, the actual working parameters measured by the pressure sensor 25 and the weighing sensor 29 can be input through the analog input module, the control values are output through the analog output module, and the corresponding proportional relief valve is adjusted to realize the closed-loop control. Particularly, the numerical control system in the embodiment adopts industrial ethernet communication, has strong anti-interference capability, and has intelligent functions of a database, process parameter analysis and the like. In addition, the touch screen 31 can be hung outside the host system (as shown in fig. 1) by an L-shaped arm in a rotatable and retractable manner, so that experimental data can be displayed and control parameters can be input, and the control of the whole forming equipment can be completed.
Particularly, the two servo hydraulic cylinders 5 adopt a proportional displacement synchronous control technology, and hydraulic regulation and control are carried out through the two electro-hydraulic proportional valves by combining a PID control algorithm and series-parallel mixed feedback signals. As shown in fig. 8, firstly, parallel control is adopted, two servo hydraulic cylinders 5 respectively adopt independent hydraulic power sources, the same displacement signals are respectively input to a PID controller 1 and a PID controller 2, a left electro-hydraulic proportional valve and a right electro-hydraulic proportional valve are controlled to adjust the flow rate and the flow velocity of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinders to control displacement, and a grating displacement sensor 30 takes the measured displacement signals as output and makes difference with displacement given signals; meanwhile, series control is adopted, the displacement outputs of the two servo hydraulic cylinders are subjected to difference, the difference is calculated by the PID controller 3 and then input into the left servo cylinder to serve as an output signal, and the difference is subjected to difference with the input signal of the PID controller 2 and then is sent to the left electro-hydraulic proportional valve, so that series-parallel hybrid control is realized, and the synchronous control precision can reach +/-0.02 mm.
The present invention is further explained by the specific forming method and the working flow of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 9, the specific process is as follows:
firstly, completing mould changing and automatic mould feeding on an automatic mould filling system, utilizing a roller conveyor 2 to convey a forming mould 3 onto a platform of a host system, wherein the host is in an un-started state before forming, two servo cylinders 5 are axially aligned to two sides of the forming mould 3 after the mould is installed, and a mould locking hydraulic cylinder 4 is positioned at the upper part, as shown in fig. 9 (a);
and secondly, displaying and setting required working parameters and forming curves through the touch screen 31, setting automatic operation by the numerical control system through an industrial Ethernet real-time control host system and an ultrahigh pressure system, and automatically checking whether the mold locking force of the mold locking hydraulic cylinder 4, the displacement of the two servo hydraulic cylinders 5, the position of the piston of the pressure cylinder 20 and process parameters are correct or not. If all the settings are correct, the system executes an automatic operation command, controls the mold locking hydraulic cylinder 4 to downwards contact the forming mold 3 through a hydraulic pump and increases the mold locking force to a set value, measures the mold locking force in real time through the weighing sensor 29, feeds the measured mold locking force back to the numerical control system, and displays the measured mold locking force on the touch screen 31 in real time; the two servo hydraulic cylinders 5 are controlled by a hydraulic pump to synchronously feed and attach the forming die 3, the forming cavity of the forming die 3 is filled with liquid by the hydraulic pump 19, the right row of a reversing valve 22 and the upward row of a reversing valve 24 are controlled to control the downward row of a pressurizing cylinder, the reversing valve 23 is not communicated at the moment, the bulging pressure in the forming cavity of the forming die 3 is measured in real time by a pressure sensor 25, the bulging pressure is fed back to a numerical control system and then displayed on a touch screen 31, the bulging pressure in the forming cavity of the die is adjusted by a proportional overflow valve 21 according to a set loading path, as shown in fig. 9(b), the two servo hydraulic cylinders 5 are controlled to synchronously feed while the bulging pressure is continuously increased to a set value, the displacement of the two servo hydraulic cylinders 5 is measured in real time by a grating displacement sensor 30, and the synchronous control algorithm of the numerical control system is used for realizing that the synchronous precision reaches +/-0.02 mm; when the set displacement value is reached, stopping feeding and maintaining the two servo hydraulic cylinders 5, as shown in fig. 9(c), maintaining the right row of the reversing valve 22 and the reversing valve 24 to go upwards, controlling the right row of the reversing valve 23, controlling the pressurization cylinder 20 to pressurize, and maintaining pressure and shaping the formed part by the forming cavity; when the shaping time is up, the reversing valve 23 is kept moving right and the reversing valve 24 is kept moving upward, the reversing valve 22 is controlled to reverse, the pressure cylinder 20 retracts to release pressure, the two servo hydraulic cylinders 5 and the mold locking hydraulic cylinder 4 are controlled to release pressure sequentially, and the demolding of the part 32 is completed, as shown in fig. 9 (d).
And thirdly, in the whole forming process, monitoring and automatically recording the mold locking force of the mold locking hydraulic cylinder 4, the displacement of the two servo hydraulic cylinders 5, the change curve of the bulging pressure in the forming cavity of the forming mold 3 (namely the pressure in the pressure cylinder 20) and each data point in the forming process in real time through an upper computer system and a lower computer system of the numerical control system, outputting each working curve and working state through a touch screen 31, automatically generating a complete production report, storing data and establishing a database, and importing historical setting and process data when the mould is used again to realize the reproduction and reuse of the technological process.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the inventive concept thereof, and these modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The hydraulic forming equipment for the bidirectional synchronous loading of the sealing ring of the aero-engine is characterized by comprising an automatic die filling system, a host system, an ultrahigh pressure system and a numerical control system, wherein the numerical control system is based on an upper computer control mode and a lower computer control mode and industrial Ethernet communication, adopts full-digital closed-loop control and automatically controls the ultrahigh pressure system in real time;
the automatic die filling system comprises a rack (1), a roller conveyor (2) and a forming die (3), wherein the roller conveyor (2) is fixed on the rack (1), and the forming die (3) moves to the host system through the roller conveyor (2);
the host system comprises a mold locking hydraulic cylinder (4) and two servo hydraulic cylinders (5) which are synchronously fed, wherein the mold locking hydraulic cylinder (4) is configured to provide mold locking force for the forming mold (3) to seal a forming cavity of the forming mold (3), and the two servo hydraulic cylinders (5) are configured to synchronously load the forming mold (3) in two directions to realize a two-way loading forming sealing ring;
the ultrahigh pressure system comprises a hydraulic attachment (13), a first servo motor (14), a second servo motor (15) and a third servo motor (16), the hydraulic attachment (13) comprises a hydraulic pump (19) and a pressure cylinder (20), the first servo motor (14) drives the hydraulic pump (19) and the pressure cylinder (20) to provide ultrahigh bulging pressure for the forming cavity, the second servo motor (14) drives the mold locking hydraulic cylinder (4) to provide mold locking force, and the third servo motor (15) drives two servo hydraulic cylinders (5) to provide synchronous feeding force; the ultrahigh pressure system adopts a zone control technology to control the bulging pressure in the forming cavity, and when the bulging pressure required by the forming sealing ring is lower than a limit value, the hydraulic pump (19) is used for directly providing the bulging pressure; when the bulging pressure required by the forming sealing ring exceeds the limit value, the pressurization is carried out through the pressurization cylinder (20) to reach the required bulging pressure; the first servo motor (14) drives the hydraulic pump (19) and the pressure cylinder (20) to provide bulging pressure in the forming cavity; the feeding displacement of the two servo hydraulic cylinders (5) is measured by a grating displacement sensor (30), and the measured data is transmitted to the numerical control system by the grating displacement sensor (30); the forming precision of the special-shaped section of the sealing ring is ensured by synchronously controlling the precision through the bidirectional loading of the two servo hydraulic cylinders (5).
2. The aero-engine sealing ring bidirectional synchronous loading hydroforming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mainframe system comprises a column (6), an upper mount (8), a connecting seat (10), and a lower mount (12); the upper mounting seat (8) and the lower mounting seat (12) are respectively connected with two ends of the upright post (6); the mold locking hydraulic cylinder (4) is fixedly connected above the upper mounting seat (8); the upper mounting seat (8) is provided with a central through hole along the height direction; a piston rod of the mold locking hydraulic cylinder (4) penetrates through the central through hole to move downwards to provide mold locking force for the forming mold (3); the two servo hydraulic cylinders (5) are connected to the connecting seat (10), and the connecting seat (10) is fixedly connected to the lower mounting seat (12); the two servo hydraulic cylinders (5) are configured to be located on symmetrical sides of a forming die (3) travelling to the host system and to centre the forming die (3).
3. The aero-engine sealing ring bidirectional synchronous loading hydroforming apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the host system comprises a load cell (29), wherein the load cell (29) is mounted in and moves with a piston rod of the clamping hydraulic cylinder (4) for measuring clamping force in real time.
4. The aero engine sealing ring bidirectional synchronous loading hydroforming apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hydraulic attachment (13) comprises a proportional relief valve (21), a reversing valve (22, 23, 24), a pressure sensor (25), a check valve (26), a pilot check valve (27), and a check sequence valve (28); the proportional overflow valve (21) is used for adjusting bulging pressure in the forming cavity; the reversing valves (22, 23, 24) are used for controlling the connection, the disconnection and the direction of a hydraulic oil circuit, so as to control the low pressure, the high pressure and the retraction of the pressure cylinder (20); the pressure sensor (25) is used for measuring the bulging pressure in the forming cavity in real time; the check valve (26) is used for controlling the hydraulic oil to pass in a single direction; the hydraulic control one-way valve (27) is used for controlling the two-way passing of hydraulic oil when the pressure cylinder (20) retracts; the one-way sequence valve (28) is used for pressure maintaining oil return when the pressure cylinder (20) retracts.
5. The aero-engine sealing ring bidirectional synchronous loading hydroforming apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the limit value is 30 MPa.
6. The aero-engine sealing ring bidirectional synchronous loading hydroforming apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a pressurization ratio of the pressurization cylinder (20) is 3.3, and the first servo motor (14) drives the hydraulic pump (19) and the pressurization cylinder (20) to provide a maximum ultra-high pressure bulging pressure of 100MPa in the forming cavity.
7. The aero-engine sealing ring bidirectional synchronous loading hydraulic forming device as claimed in one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the numerical control system comprises a touch screen (31), an industrial personal computer and a PLC system, working parameters and forming curves are input into the industrial personal computer through the touch screen (31), and control parameters are input into the PLC system; the PLC system is used for collecting detection data of each sensor and controlling the starting and stopping of the first servo motor (14), the second servo motor (15) and the third servo motor (16).
8. The aero-engine sealing ring bidirectional synchronous loading hydroforming apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the touch screen (31) is rotatably retractable suspended outside the main machine system by an L-shaped arm; the first servo motor (14), the second servo motor (15) and the third servo motor (16) are positioned at the lower part of the ultrahigh pressure system.
9. The aeroengine sealing ring bidirectional synchronous loading hydraulic forming equipment as claimed in one of claims 1-3, wherein the bidirectional loading synchronous control precision of the two servo hydraulic cylinders (5) reaches +/-0.02 mm so as to ensure the forming precision of the sealing ring special-shaped section.
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| CN114029375B (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-07-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | Multi-wave type metal sealing ring two-time hydraulic forming die device |
| CN117225973B (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2024-04-09 | 广东思豪内高压科技有限公司 | Intelligent pressure control method based on internal high-pressure forming machine |
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Effective date of registration: 20230719 Address after: 100191 No. 37, Haidian District, Beijing, Xueyuan Road Patentee after: BEIHANG University Patentee after: AECC CHANGJIANG ENGINE CO.,LTD. Address before: 100191 No. 37, Haidian District, Beijing, Xueyuan Road Patentee before: BEIHANG University |