CN108400183A - 一种Si衬底上AlGaN基金属-半导体-金属型紫外探测器及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种Si衬底上AlGaN基金属-半导体-金属型紫外探测器及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种Si衬底上AlGaN基金属‑半导体‑金属型紫外探测器及其制备方法。本发明的紫外探测器,由下至上,依次包括Si衬底、Al缓冲层、AlGaN层以及与AlGaN层肖特基接触的Ni/Au金属叉指电极。本发明制备方法在Si衬底上依次通过MBE技术生长Al缓冲层以及采用脉冲激光沉积工艺生长AlGaN层,再经清洗、光刻处理后,利用电子束蒸发镀膜系统蒸镀Ni/Au两层金属,去胶处理得到叉指电极,最后进行电镀压焊点、减薄、划片、引线键合以及封装,得到Si衬底上AlGaN基金属‑半导体‑金属型紫外探测器。本发明的探测器对紫外光的具有十分灵敏的探测效果,且制备方法工艺简单、省时高效。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及紫外探测器的技术领域,特别涉及一种Si衬底上AlGaN基金属-半导体-金属(MSM)型紫外探测器及其制备方法。
背景技术
紫外探测技术是继红外和激光探测技术之后开发的一种新型光电检测技术,由于良好的日盲特性,具有非视线通讯、低窃听率和没有背景信号干扰等优点,在军事和民用等方面应用广泛。在军事上,主要可应用于紫外通讯、用于导弹制导、导弹预警、紫外分析和生化分析等领域。在民用上,环境检测、生物医药分析、臭氧检测、明火探测和太阳照度检测等方面都有紫外探测的需求。目前,实现产业化广泛应用的主要是Si基光电二极管紫外探测器,但由于Si的探测区域包括可见光,只有装了滤光系统后才能实现对紫外光的探测,增加了体积和成本。另外,Si对紫外光的吸收能力很强,抗辐射能力弱,这限制了紫外探测器的发展。
第三代宽带隙半导体材料(包含GaN、AlN、InN以及三、四元化合物),因其具有禁带宽度大、电子迁移速率快、热稳定性好和抗辐射能力强等特性使其十分适合于制作频率高、功率大、集成度高和抗辐射的电子器件,在发光二极管、紫外探测器件和太阳能电池等许多领域得到广泛应用。AlGaN材料具有宽禁带、直接带隙,其能够通过调节合金的组分,实现禁带宽度从3.4eV到6.2eV的连续可调,相当于截止波长为200nm到365nm,具有可见光盲特性,这个特性使它能在可见光的干扰下也探测到紫外的信号,无需滤光系统和做成浅结,是制备紫外探测器的理想材料。此外,随着AlGaN薄膜外延生长技术不断的成熟,晶体质量一直的提高,再加上成本也在不停的下降,这些共同作用,使得AlGaN基紫外探测器的前景越来越大。
AlGaN基紫外探测器虽然取得了一定的突破,但是远没有达到商业应用的程度,制约AlGaN基紫外探测器发展的主要因素为:异质外延的GaN/AlGaN薄膜存在高密度位错、AlGaN基紫外探测器中一些机制的解释还不够完善。Si衬底具有低成本、可制作大尺寸、导热和导电性能好的优点,结合MBE(分子束外延)外延Al缓冲层联合PLD外延AlGaN薄膜的方法能外延出高质量的AlGaN薄膜,克服AlGaN薄膜高密度位错的问题。而MSM型紫外探测器相对于其他类型的紫外探测器例如PIN型,雪崩型紫外探测器,因具有结构简单、响应速度快、光响应度高等诸多优点,得到了越来越广泛的应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足,提供了一种Si衬底上AlGaN基金属-半导体-金属型(MSM型)紫外探测器。该紫外探测器具有暗电流小以及光响应度高的特点。
本发明的目的还在于提供制备所述的一种Si衬底上AlGaN基金属-半导体-金属型紫外探测器的方法。该制备方法工艺简单,能耗低,省时高效。
本发明的目的通过如下技术方案实现。
一种Si衬底上AlGaN基金属-半导体-金属型紫外探测器,由下至上,依次包括Si衬底、Al缓冲层、AlGaN层以及与AlGaN层肖特基接触的Ni/Au金属叉指电极。
进一步地,所述Al缓冲层的厚度为15~50nm。
进一步地,所述AlGaN层的厚度为280~350nm。
进一步地,所述Ni/Au金属叉指电极为Ni和Au由下至上依次层叠的金属层叉指电极,其中,Ni金属层和Au金属层的厚度分别为20~40nm和300~400nm。
进一步地,所述Ni/Au金属叉指电极的长度为220~300μm,宽度为5~15μm,电极间距为5~25μm,对数为30~50对。
制备上述任一项所述的一种Si衬底上AlGaN基金属-半导体-金属型紫外探测器的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)对Si衬底进行清洗,除去表面污染物和氧化硅后,置于特高压的分子束外延生长室中,在Si衬底表面经分子束外延生长(MBE)得到Al缓冲层,形成Si衬底/Al缓冲层结构;
(2)将Si衬底/Al缓冲层结构转移到脉冲激光沉积设备的真空生长室,在Al缓冲层上经脉冲激光沉积得到AlGaN层,形成Si衬底/Al缓冲层/AlGaN层结构;
(3)对Si衬底/Al缓冲层/AlGaN层结构进行清洗处理,再进行光刻处理后,利用电子束蒸发镀膜系统在AlGaN层上依次蒸镀Ni和Au两层金属层作为电极,去胶,得到与AlGaN层肖特基接触的Ni/Au金属叉指电极,形成Si衬底/Al缓冲层/AlGaN层/Ni/Au金属叉指电极结构;
(4)将Si衬底/Al缓冲层/AlGaN层/Ni/Au金属叉指电极结构进行电镀压焊点、减薄、划片以及引线键合,再进行封装,得到所述Si衬底上AlGaN基金属-半导体-金属型紫外探测器。
进一步地,步骤(1)中,所述Si衬底优选为Si(111)衬底。
进一步地,步骤(1)中,所述清洗为:采用摩尔比例为3∶1∶1~2∶1∶1的H2SO4∶H2O2∶H2O混合溶液清洗5~10min后,再采用5~10wt%的HF水溶液清洗10~15min。
进一步地,步骤(1)中,所述分子束外延的工艺条件为:Si衬底加热至750~880℃,通入N2后,抽真空至反应室内压力维持为1~2×10-10Torr,Si衬底的旋转速率恒定为4~8r/min,恒定的转速进行分子束外延有利于得到厚度均匀的Al缓冲层。
进一步地,步骤(2)中,所述脉冲激光沉积的工艺条件为:Si衬底/Al缓冲层结构加热至650~880℃,采用两束激光分别烧蚀金属Al和Ga靶材产生Al和Ga等离子体,同时通入N2等离子体,反应室内压力2~4×10-3Torr下沉积形成AlGaN层。
更进一步地,所述激光的能量为200~300mJ,烧蚀金属Al靶材的激光频率为0~30Hz,烧蚀金属Ga靶材激光频率为0~30Hz,通过控制两束激光不同的频率控制AlGaN层的Al组分从0~1可调,实现AlGaN禁带宽度从3.4eV到6.2eV连续可调。
更进一步地,所述N2等离子体由射频(RF)等离子体发生器产生,射频(RF)功率为400~500W。
进一步地,步骤(3)中,所述清洗处理为:先依次用丙酮以及酒精分别超声清洗3~5min和5~8min,去除表面的有机杂质,接着使用去离子水超声清洗5~8min,去除表面的无机杂质,最后用氮气枪吹走表面的水汽。
进一步地,步骤(3)中,所述光刻处理为:先涂覆增粘剂HMDS以增强硅片与光刻胶的黏附性,再利用匀胶机旋涂负性光刻胶30~60s,经前烘、曝光、后烘、显影、坚膜,以及采用O2等离子体进行反应离子刻蚀(RIE)处理4~8min,清洗,最后热氮气烘干5~10min。
更进一步地,所述前烘是在烘箱中进行45~75℃加热处理5~10min。
更进一步地,所述曝光是将前烘处理后的样品和光刻掩膜版同时放置在光刻机上,然后紫外光源照射5~10s。
更进一步地,所述后烘是在烘箱中进行50~75℃加热处理10~20min。
更进一步地,所述显影是将后烘处理后的样品放入6~8wt%的四丁基铵氢氧化物(TBAH)水溶液显影液中溶解5~10min。
更进一步地,所述坚膜是在烘箱中进行50~75℃加热处理6~8min。
更进一步地,所述清洗是先依次用丙酮以及酒精分别超声清洗3~5min和5~8min,去除表面的有机杂质,接着使用去离子水超声清洗5~8min,去除表面的无机杂质,最后用氮气枪吹走表面的水汽。
进一步地,步骤(3)中,所述去胶是在丙酮中超声处理5~8min,从而去掉了不需要的部分,留下了所需的叉指电极图案。
与现有技术相比,具有如下优点和有益效果:
(1)本发明的Si衬底上MSM型紫外探测器,首先使用MBE在衬底上外延一层高质量的Al缓冲层,一方面Al与Si衬底晶格失配小(0.6%);另一方面,Al缓冲层可与接下来的外延生长发生反应生成AlGaN,减少了直接生长AlGaN因为失配而导致的位错,有利于制备高质量的AlGaN薄膜,具有缺陷密度低、结晶质量好等特点,且该技术特点可广泛应用于紫外LED、LD或紫外探测器等领域;
(2)本发明的Si衬底上MSM型紫外探测器中采用了AlGaN材料作为有源层材料,因为AlGaN材料的禁带宽度可根据Al组分的不同从3.4eV到6.2eV连续可调,因而可对波长为200nm到365nm的光进行有效探测,使本发明Si衬底上MSM型紫外探测器具有良好的可见光盲特性;
(3)本发明的制备方法具有工艺简单、省时高效以及能耗低的特点,有利于规模化生产;
(4)本发明Si衬底上MSM型紫外探测器可实现对紫外光的灵敏探测,可应用于紫外检测等领域,经济效益可观。
附图说明
图1为本发明的MSM型紫外探测器的结构剖面示意图;
图2为实施例1制备的Al缓冲层X射线摇摆曲线(X-ray Rocking Curve,XRC)谱图;
图3为实施例1制备的MSM型紫外探测器的电流随波长响应曲线图;
图4为实施例2制备的MSM型紫外探测器的电流随波长响应曲线图;
图5为实施例3制备的MSM型紫外探测器的电流随波长响应曲线图。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例及附图对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细的描述,但本发明的实施方式及保护范围不限于此。
具体实施例中,本发明的Si衬底上AlGaN基MSM型紫外探测器的结构剖面示意图如图1所示,由图1可知,Si衬底上AlGaN基金属-半导体-金属型紫外探测器,由下至上,依次包括Si衬底1、Al缓冲层2、AlGaN层3以及与AlGaN层肖特基接触的Ni/Au金属叉指电极4;
其中,Al缓冲层2的厚度为15~50nm,AlGaN层3的厚度为280~350nm;Ni/Au金属叉指电极中,Ni金属层和Au金属层的厚度分别为20~40nm和300~400nm;Ni/Au金属叉指电极的长度为220~300μm,宽度为5~15μm,电极间距为5~25μm,对数为30~50对。
实施例1
Si衬底上AlGaN基MSM型紫外探测器的制备,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)采用Si(111)衬底,衬底用摩尔比例为3∶1∶1的H2SO4∶H2O2∶H2O混合溶液清洗表面5min后,再用5wt%的HF水溶液清洗表面10min,除去表面污染物和氧化硅;
(2)将步骤(1)处理后的Si(111)衬底转移到特高压MBE生长室,生长Al缓冲层,工艺条件为:衬底温度升至750℃,同时通入高纯度N2(99.99999%),抽真空至反应室内压力维持为2×10-10Torr,衬底以4r/min的旋转速率恒定来保证Al缓冲层厚度的均匀性,得到Al缓冲层的厚度为15nm;
生长得到的Al缓冲层的Al(111)XRC谱图如图2所示,由图2显示半峰宽仅为0.24°,说明生长得到的Al缓冲层具有良好的晶体质量,有利于后续高质量AlGaN薄膜的生长;
(3)将步骤(2)处理得到的生长了Al缓冲层的Si(111)衬底转移到脉冲激光沉积设备的真空生长室,生长AlGaN薄膜,工艺条件为:衬底温度升至650℃,采用两束激光分别烧蚀金属Al和Ga靶材,同时通入N2等离子体,反应室压力为3×10-3Torr,激光能量为250mJ,其中烧蚀金属Al靶材的激光频率为0Hz,烧蚀金属Ga靶材激光频率为30Hz,控制AlGaN材料的Al组分为0,实现AlGaN禁带宽度约为3.4eV,因而可对波长约为365nm的光进行有效探测,N2等离子体由射频(RF)等离子体发生器产生,RF功率为450W,得到AlGaN薄膜的厚度为300nm;
(4)将步骤(3)处理得到的样品进行清洗处理,具体为:先依次用丙酮和酒精分别超声清洗3min和5min,去除表面的有机杂质,接着使用去离子水超声清洗5min,去除表面的无机杂质,最后用用氮气枪吹走样品表面的水汽;
(5)将步骤(4)处理得到的样品进行光刻处理,具体工艺为:先涂覆增粘剂HMDS以增强硅片与光刻胶的黏附性,再利用匀胶机旋涂负性光刻胶30s,经前烘(烘箱中进行55℃加热处理5min)、曝光(将样品和光刻掩膜版同时放置在光刻机上,然后进行紫外光源的照射5s)、后烘(烘箱中进行50℃加热处理10min)、显影(样品放入6wt%的TBAH水溶液显影液中溶解5min)、坚膜(烘箱中进行50℃加热处理6min),以及采用O2等离子体进行反应离子刻蚀(RIE)处理4min,清洗(先依次用丙酮和酒精分别超声清洗3min和5min,接着使用去离子水超声清洗5min,最后用用氮气枪吹走样品表面的水汽),最后热氮气烘干5min。
(6)利用电子束蒸发镀膜系统,在样品上依次蒸镀Ni和Au两层金属层,将蒸镀好金属的样品放入丙酮中超声5min去胶,从而去掉了不需要的部分,留下了所需的叉指电极图案,得到Ni/Au两层金属叉指电极,长度为260μm,宽度为5μm,电极间距为25μm,对数为30对,其中Ni金属层和Au金属层的厚度分别为20nm和300nm;
(7)将做好电极的样品进行电镀压焊点、减薄、划片以及引线键合,最后封装,得到Si衬底上AlGaN基MSM型紫外探测器;
制备的Si衬底上AlGaN基MSM型紫外探测器的电流随波长响应曲线图如图3所示,由图3可知,制备的Si衬底上AlGaN基MSM型紫外探测器在361nm附近有十分高的响应电流,表明制备的紫外探测器对紫外光的具有十分灵敏的探测效果;并且,光响应在361nm后开始迅速下降,呈现陡峭的截止边,表明本发明Si衬底上MSM型紫外探测器具有良好的可见光盲特性。
实施例2
Si衬底上AlGaN基MSM型紫外探测器的制备,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)采用Si(111)衬底,衬底用摩尔比例为3∶2∶1的H2SO4∶H2O2∶H2O混合溶液清洗表面10min后,再用8wt%的HF水溶液清洗表面15min,除去表面污染物和氧化硅;
(2)将步骤(1)处理后的Si(111)衬底转移到特高压MBE生长室,生长Al缓冲层,工艺条件为:衬底温度升至800℃,同时通入高纯度N2(99.99999%),抽真空至反应室内压力维持为1.5×10-10Torr,衬底以8r/min的旋转速率恒定来保证Al缓冲层厚度的均匀性,得到Al缓冲层的厚度为40nm;
(3)将步骤(2)处理得到的生长了Al缓冲层的Si(111)衬底转移到脉冲激光沉积设备的真空生长室,生长AlGaN薄膜,工艺条件为:衬底温度升至800℃,采用两束激光分别烧蚀金属Al和Ga靶材,同时通入N2等离子体,反应室压力为4×10-3Torr,激光能量为300mJ,其中烧蚀金属Al靶材的激光频率为30Hz,烧蚀金属Ga靶材激光频率为0Hz,控制AlGaN材料的Al组分为1,实现AlGaN禁带宽度约为6.2eV,因而可对波长约为200nm的光进行有效探测,N2等离子体由射频(RF)等离子体发生器产生,RF功率为500W,得到AlGaN薄膜的厚度为350nm;
(4)将步骤(3)处理得到的样品进行清洗处理,具体为:先依次用丙酮和酒精分别超声清洗4min和6min,去除表面的有机杂质,接着使用去离子水超声清洗6min,去除表面的无机杂质,最后用用氮气枪吹走样品表面的水汽;
(5)将步骤(4)处理得到的样品进行光刻处理,具体工艺为:先涂覆增粘剂HMDS以增强硅片与光刻胶的黏附性,再利用匀胶机旋涂负性光刻胶40s,经前烘(烘箱中进行75℃加热处理8min)、曝光(将样品和光刻掩膜版同时放置在光刻机上,然后进行紫外光源的照射8s)、后烘(烘箱中进行75℃加热处理20min)、显影(样品放入8wt%的TBAH水溶液显影液中溶解10min)、坚膜(烘箱中进行60℃加热处理7min),以及采用O2等离子体进行反应离子刻蚀(RIE)处理7min,清洗(先依次用丙酮和酒精分别超声清洗4min和6min,接着使用去离子水超声清洗6min,最后用用氮气枪吹走样品表面的水汽),最后热氮气烘干10min;
(6)利用电子束蒸发镀膜系统,在样品上依次蒸镀Ni和Au两层金属层,将蒸镀好金属的样品放入丙酮中超声8min去胶,从而去掉了不需要的部分,留下了所需的叉指电极图案,得到Ni/Au两层金属叉指电极,长度为300μm,宽度为15μm,电极间距为15μm,对数为35对,其中Ni金属层和Au金属层的厚度分别为40nm和400nm;
(7)将做好电极的样品进行电镀压焊点、减薄、划片以及引线键合,最后封装,得到Si衬底上AlGaN基MSM型紫外探测器。
制备的Si衬底上AlGaN基MSM型紫外探测器的电流随波长响应曲线图如图4所示,由图4可知,在204nm附近有十分高的响应电流,表明制备的紫外探测器对紫外光的具有十分灵敏的探测效果;并且,光响应在204nm后开始迅速下降,呈现陡峭的截止边,表明本发明Si衬底上MSM型紫外探测器具有良好的“可见光盲”特性。
实施例3
Si衬底上AlGaN基MSM型紫外探测器的制备,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)采用Si(111)衬底,衬底用摩尔比例为2∶1∶1的H2SO4∶H2O2∶H2O混合溶液清洗表面8min后,再用10wt%的HF水溶液清洗表面12min,除去表面污染物和氧化硅;
(2)将步骤(1)处理后的Si(111)衬底转移到特高压MBE生长室,生长Al缓冲层,工艺条件为:衬底温度升至880℃,同时通入高纯度N2(99.99999%),抽真空至反应室内压力维持为1.0×10-10Torr,衬底以6r/min的旋转速率恒定来保证Al缓冲层厚度的均匀性,得到Al缓冲层的厚度为50nm;
(3)将步骤(2)处理得到的生长了Al缓冲层的Si(111)衬底转移到脉冲激光沉积设备的真空生长室,生长AlGaN薄膜,工艺条件为:衬底温度升至880℃,采用两束激光分别烧蚀金属Al和Ga靶材,同时通入N2等离子体,反应室压力为2×10-3Torr,激光能量为200mJ,其中烧蚀金属Al靶材的激光频率为10Hz,烧蚀金属Ga靶材激光频率为10Hz,控制AlGaN材料的Al组分为0.5,实现AlGaN禁带宽度约为4.9eV,因而可对波长约为253nm的光进行有效探测,N2等离子体由射频(RF)等离子体发生器产生,RF功率为400W,得到AlGaN薄膜的厚度为280nm;
(4)将步骤(3)处理得到的样品进行清洗处理,具体为:先依次用丙酮和酒精分别超声清洗5min和8min,去除表面的有机杂质,接着使用去离子水超声清洗8min,去除表面的无机杂质,最后用用氮气枪吹走样品表面的水汽;
(5)将步骤(4)处理得到的样品进行光刻处理,具体工艺为:先涂覆增粘剂HMDS以增强硅片与光刻胶的黏附性,再利用匀胶机旋涂负性光刻胶60s,经前烘(烘箱中进行50℃加热处理10min)、曝光(将样品和光刻掩膜版同时放置在光刻机上,然后进行紫外光源的照射10s)、后烘(烘箱中进行65℃加热处理15min)、显影(样品放入7wt%的TBAH水溶液显影液中溶解8min)、坚膜(烘箱中进行75℃加热处理8min),以及采用O2等离子体进行反应离子刻蚀(RIE)处理8min,清洗(先依次用丙酮和酒精分别超声清洗5min和8min,接着使用去离子水超声清洗8min,最后用用氮气枪吹走样品表面的水汽),最后热氮气烘干8min;
(6)利用电子束蒸发镀膜系统,在样品上依次蒸镀Ni和Au两层金属层,将蒸镀好金属的样品放入丙酮中超声6min去胶,从而去掉了不需要的部分,留下了所需的叉指电极图案,得到Ni/Au两层金属叉指电极,长度为220μm,宽度为10μm,电极间距为5μm,对数为50对,其中Ni金属层和Au金属层的厚度分别为30nm和350nm;
(7)将做好电极的样品进行电镀压焊点、减薄、划片以及引线键合,最后封装,得到Si衬底上AlGaN基MSM型紫外探测器。
制备的Si衬底上AlGaN基MSM型紫外探测器的电流随波长响应曲线图如图5所示,由图5可知,在255nm附近有十分高的响应电流,表明制备的紫外探测器对紫外光的具有十分灵敏的探测效果;并且,光响应在255nm后开始迅速下降,呈现陡峭的截止边,表明本发明Si衬底上MSM型紫外探测器具有良好的“可见光盲”特性。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受所述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种Si衬底上AlGaN基金属-半导体-金属型紫外探测器,其特征在于,由下至上,依次包括Si衬底、Al缓冲层、AlGaN层以及与AlGaN层肖特基接触的Ni/Au金属叉指电极。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种Si衬底上AlGaN基金属-半导体-金属型紫外探测器,其特征在于,所述Al缓冲层的厚度为15~50nm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种Si衬底上AlGaN基金属-半导体-金属型紫外探测器,其特征在于,所述AlGaN层的厚度为280~350nm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种Si衬底上AlGaN基金属-半导体-金属型紫外探测器,其特征在于,所述Ni/Au金属叉指电极为Ni和Au由下至上依次层叠的金属层叉指电极,其中,Ni金属层和Au金属层的厚度分别为20~40nm和300~400nm;所述Ni/Au金属叉指电极的长度为220~300μm,宽度为5~15μm,电极间距为5~25μm,对数为30~50对。
5.制备权利要求1~4任一项所述的一种Si衬底上AlGaN基金属-半导体-金属型紫外探测器的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)对Si衬底进行清洗,除去表面污染物和氧化硅后,置于特高压的分子束外延生长室中,在Si衬底表面经分子束外延生长得到Al缓冲层,形成Si衬底/Al缓冲层结构;
(2)将Si衬底/Al缓冲层结构转移到脉冲激光沉积设备的真空生长室,在Al缓冲层上经脉冲激光沉积得到AlGaN层,形成Si衬底/Al缓冲层/AlGaN层结构;
(3)对Si衬底/Al缓冲层/AlGaN层结构进行清洗处理,再进行光刻处理后,利用电子束蒸发镀膜系统在A1GaN层上蒸镀Ni和Au两层金属层作为电极,去胶,得到与AlGaN层肖特基接触的Ni/Au金属叉指电极,形成Si衬底/Al缓冲层/AlGaN层/Ni/Au金属叉指电极结构;
(4)将Si衬底/Al缓冲层/AlGaN层/Ni/Au金属叉指电极结构进行电镀压焊点、减薄、划片以及引线键合,再进行封装,得到所述Si衬底上AlGaN基金属-半导体-金属型紫外探测器。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述Si衬底选用Si(111)衬底;所述清洗为:采用摩尔比例为3∶1∶1~2∶1∶1的H2SO4∶H2O2∶H2O混合溶液清洗5~10min后,再采用5~10wt%的HF水溶液清洗10~15min。
7.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述分子束外延的工艺条件为:Si衬底加热至750~880℃,通入N2后,抽真空至反应室内压力维持为1~2×10- 10Torr,Si衬底的旋转速率恒定为4~8r/min。
8.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述脉冲激光沉积的工艺条件为:Si衬底/Al缓冲层结构加热至650~880℃,采用两束激光分别烧蚀金属Al和Ga靶材产生Al和Ga等离子体,同时通入N2等离子体,反应室内压力2~4×10-3Torr下沉积形成AlGaN层;
所述激光的能量为200~300mJ,烧蚀金属Al靶材的激光频率为0~30Hz,烧蚀金属Ga靶材激光频率为0~30Hz;
所述N2等离子体由射频等离子体发生器产生,射频功率为400~500W。
9.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述清洗处理为:先依次用丙酮以及酒精分别超声清洗3~5min和5~8min,去除表面的有机杂质,接着使用去离子水超声清洗5~8min,去除表面的无机杂质,最后用氮气枪吹走表面的水汽。
10.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述光刻处理为:先涂覆增粘剂HMDS以增强硅片与光刻胶的黏附性,再利用匀胶机旋涂负性光刻胶30~60s,经前烘、曝光、后烘、显影、坚膜,以及采用O2等离子体进行反应离子刻蚀处理4~8min,清洗,最后热氮气烘干5~10min;
所述去胶是在丙酮中超声处理5~8min。
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