CN108398118A - Tunnel roof monitoring device and tunnel roof Monitoring method of the subsidence - Google Patents
Tunnel roof monitoring device and tunnel roof Monitoring method of the subsidence Download PDFInfo
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- CN108398118A CN108398118A CN201810276557.6A CN201810276557A CN108398118A CN 108398118 A CN108398118 A CN 108398118A CN 201810276557 A CN201810276557 A CN 201810276557A CN 108398118 A CN108398118 A CN 108398118A
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- tunnel
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- top plate
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- fiber grating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of tunnel roof monitoring device and tunnel roof Monitoring method of the subsidence.Wherein, the top plate in tunnel includes to be onstructed section and construction section, tunnel roof monitoring device include：Tube body；Fiber grating inclinometer, fiber grating inclinometer are arranged on tube body；Fixation kit, tube body is by fixation kit and to be onstructed section and construction section has been all connected with, and when top plate settles, fiber grating inclinometer can be by monitoring the inclination conditions of tube body to monitor the sedimentation situation of top plate；(FBG) demodulator, fiber grating inclinometer are connect with (FBG) demodulator, to handle the monitoring parameters of fiber grating inclinometer.The present invention solves the problems, such as that tunnel roof monitoring in the prior art is inconvenient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of engineering building, in particular to a kind of tunnel roof monitoring device and tunnel top
Plate Monitoring method of the subsidence.
Background technology
A large amount of with road and rail tunnel build, and tunnel caused by tunnel roof sedimentation deforms on a large scale, roof fall and collapses
Accident of collapsing occurs often, reinforce tunnel roof settlement monitoring it is very urgent, at present the main monitoring mode in tunnel have total powerstation and
Spirit level measures：Total powerstation monitoring takes time and effort, and cannot monitor in real time, surveys simultaneously with artificial point-by-point monitoring extensively, is needed
Accuracy of measurement is big by human factor, and error is larger；Static level monitoring can realize a degree of automation and digitlization, in tunnel
It is commonly used in structure sediment monitoring, but the larger inconvenient installation of volume, and not applicable and height difference changes greatly section, and by environment
It is affected.And some sensors be installed in tunnel inner wall after often will appear data perturbation and other issues, so as to cause monitoring
The reliability of data is relatively low.
Invention content
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of tunnel roof monitoring device and tunnel roof Monitoring method of the subsidence, with
Solve the problems, such as that tunnel roof monitoring in the prior art is inconvenient.
To achieve the goals above, according to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a kind of tunnel roof monitoring device, tunnel
Top plate include to be onstructed section and construction section, tunnel roof monitoring device include：Tube body；Fiber grating inclinometer, optical fiber light
Pitch of shed meter is arranged on tube body；Fixation kit, tube body work as top by fixation kit and to be onstructed section and construction section has been all connected with
When plate settles, fiber grating inclinometer can be by monitoring the inclination conditions of tube body to monitor the sedimentation situation of top plate；Solution
Instrument is adjusted, fiber grating inclinometer is connect with (FBG) demodulator, to handle the monitoring parameters of fiber grating inclinometer.
Further, fixation kit includes：Clip, clip are set in outside tube body；Expansion fastener, clip are tight with expansion
Firmware connects, and tube body is fixed on construction section by expansion fastener.
Further, fixation kit includes：Anchoring body, anchoring body are fixedly connected on to be onstructed section；Screw body, screw body
It is connect with anchoring body, one end of the separate anchoring body of screw body has gasket construction, and tube support is on gasket construction.
Further, there is tube body multistage, fiber grating inclination angle to be calculated as multiple, and multiple fiber grating inclinometers are along tube body
Extending direction is arranged at intervals in tube body, and at least one fiber grating inclinometer is both provided in every section of tube body.
Further, it is connect with a (FBG) demodulator after being connected by optical cable between multiple fiber grating inclinometers.
Further, a part for the side wall of tube body is swelled to the direction of the central shaft far from tube body to form holding part,
Fiber grating inclinometer is contained in holding part.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of tunnel roof Monitoring method of the subsidence is provided, using above-mentioned tunnel top
Plate settlement monitoring device, tunnel roof Monitoring method of the subsidence include：Tunnel roof settlement monitoring device is mounted on the top plate in tunnel
On, when tunnel roof settlement monitoring device is mounted on top plate, a part for the tube body of tunnel roof monitoring device is fixed on
On to be onstructed section, another part of tube body is fixed on construction section；The fiber grating inclination angle of tunnel roof settlement monitoring device
Count the sedimentation value of the top plate for monitoring tunnel；The sedimentation value of top plate is compared with preset standard sedimentation value, to determine tunnel
Whether road can cave in.
Further, during on the top plate that tunnel roof settlement monitoring device is mounted on tunnel, tube body is adjusted
Position, so that the axis of tube body is parallel with the surface of construction section.
Further, after tunnel roof settlement monitoring device is mounted on top plate, by the light of tunnel roof monitoring device
Cable is welded together with wire jumper, then checks whether optical cable has breakpoint with optical fiber polishing pen, if without breakpoint, by wire jumper and tunnel top
The (FBG) demodulator of plate monitoring device connects.
Further, when the top plate in tunnel settles, sedimentation value h and the light on corresponding tube body of the top plate settled
The relationship for the tilt angle theta that fine grating inclinometer detects is：
H=L × tan θ,
Wherein, h is the sedimentation value of top plate, and unit is rice；L is the length of every section of tube body, and unit is rice；θ is fiber grating
The angle of inclination that inclinometer detects.
Further, when the sedimentation value h of top plate is more than preset standard sedimentation value, there are risks in tunnel；Or when top plate
When sedimentation value h is less than or equal to preset standard sedimentation value, tunnel safety.
It applies the technical scheme of the present invention, the tube body of tunnel monitoring device is arranged simultaneously to be onstructed section of top plate and has applied
Workshop section, when settling for be onstructed section of top plate, since construction section does not settle, thus tube body can run-off the straight,
And then the fiber grating inclinometer being fixed on tube body can monitor the inclination conditions of tube body, then the inclination conditions for passing through tube body
Reflect the sedimentation situation of top plate.It, can be by the way that tube body and fixation kit be carried out dismounting and pacified again with the propulsion of constructing tunnel
Dress enables the position of tube body that construction location is followed to be adjusted.Obtained monitoring parameters are conveyed to by fiber grating inclinometer
(FBG) demodulator is handled data by (FBG) demodulator.Above-mentioned apparatus overall structure is simple, easy to install and use, and visualization is high,
Monitoring data are reliable and stable, while tunnel monitoring device integrally can adjust installation site with the construction in tunnel, realize and repeat to make
With.
Description of the drawings
The accompanying drawings which form a part of this application are used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and of the invention shows
Meaning property embodiment and its explanation are not constituted improper limitations of the present invention for explaining the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 shows the structural schematic diagram of the tunnel roof monitoring device of the present invention；
Fig. 2 shows the structural schematic diagrams of anchoring body and screw body in Fig. 1；And
Fig. 3 shows the upward view of the screw body in Fig. 2.
Wherein, above-mentioned attached drawing includes the following drawings label：
11, to be onstructed section；12, construction section；20, tube body；21, holding part；30, fiber grating inclinometer；40, fixed group
Part；41, clip；42, expansion fastener；43, anchoring body；44, screw body；45, gasket construction；50, (FBG) demodulator；60, optical cable.
Specific implementation mode
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase
Mutually combination.The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
It should be pointed out that unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have and the application
The normally understood identical meanings of person of an ordinary skill in the technical field.
In the present invention, in the absence of explanation to the contrary, the noun of locality used such as " upper and lower, top, bottom " is typically needle
For direction shown in the drawings, or for component itself is on vertical, vertical or gravity direction；Equally
Ground for ease of understanding and describes, and " inside and outside " refers to the inside and outside of the profile relative to each component itself, but the above-mentioned noun of locality is not
For limiting the present invention.
In order to solve the problems, such as that tunnel roof monitoring in the prior art is inconvenient, the present invention provides a kind of tunnel rooves
Monitoring device and tunnel roof Monitoring method of the subsidence.
A kind of tunnel roof monitoring device as shown in Figure 1, the top plate in tunnel include to be onstructed section 11 and construction section 12,
Tunnel roof monitoring device includes tube body 20, fiber grating inclinometer 30, fixation kit 40 and (FBG) demodulator 50, and fiber grating inclines
Angle meter 30 is arranged on tube body 20；Tube body 20 works as top by fixation kit 40 and to be onstructed section 11 and construction section 12 has been all connected with
When plate settles, fiber grating inclinometer 30 can be by monitoring the inclination conditions of tube body 20 to monitor the sedimentation feelings of top plate
Condition；Fiber grating inclinometer 30 is connect with (FBG) demodulator 50, to handle the monitoring parameters of fiber grating inclinometer 30.
The tube body 20 of tunnel monitoring device in the present embodiment is arranged simultaneously to be onstructed section 11 of top plate and construction section
12, when settling for be onstructed section 11 of top plate, since construction section 12 does not settle, thus tube body 20 can incline
Tiltedly, and then the fiber grating inclinometer 30 that is fixed on tube body 20 can monitor the inclination conditions of tube body 20, then pass through tube body
The sedimentation situation of 20 inclination conditions reflection top plate.It, can be by by tube body 20 and fixation kit with the propulsion of constructing tunnel
40 carry out dismounting and install again to enable the position of tube body 20 that construction location is followed to be adjusted.Fiber grating inclinometer 30 will
Obtained monitoring parameters are conveyed to (FBG) demodulator 50, are handled data by (FBG) demodulator 50.Above-mentioned apparatus overall structure is simple, peace
Fill easy to use, visualization is high, and monitoring data are reliable and stable, while tunnel monitoring device integrally can be with the construction in tunnel
Installation site is adjusted, realizes and reuses.
It should be noted that in the process of construction in tunnel, it usually needs the inner wall upper berth in the preliminary tunnel dug and completed
If a layer concrete layer, concrete layer extends from the one end in tunnel to the other end to be laid with, and the segment in the tunnel of completion has been laid with
As construction section 12, the segment for not being laid with the tunnel of concrete are to be onstructed section 11.One end of tube body 20, which is fixed on, has applied
In workshop section 12, the other end is fixed on to be onstructed section 11.
As shown in Figure 1, fixation kit 40 includes clip 41 and expansion fastener 42, clip 41 is set in outside tube body 20；
Clip 41 is connect with expansion fastener 42, and tube body 20 is fixed on construction section 12 by expansion fastener 42.
Specifically, clip 41 is two semicircular structures and is set in the outside of tube body 20, and expansion fastener 42 is expansion
One end of screw, setscrew is connect with clip 41, and the other end is inserted into and is fastened on construction section 12, clip 41 and expanding screw
Only one group of silk, that is to say, that one end of only tube body 20 is fixed on construction section 12.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, fixation kit 40 further includes anchoring body 43 and screw body 44, and anchoring body 43 is fixedly connected on
On to be onstructed section 11；Screw body 44 is connect with anchoring body 43, and one end of the separate anchoring body 43 of screw body 44 has gasket construction
45, tube body 20 is supported on gasket construction 45.
Specifically, one end of anchoring body 43 is integrally fixed on to be onstructed section 11 of top plate, the other end be hollow structure and
With internal thread, correspondingly, one end of screw body 44 has external screw thread to be threadedly coupled with anchoring body 43, screw body 44 it is another
End has rectangular gasket construction 45, when installation, now squeeze into anchoring body 43 and be fixed on to be onstructed section 11, then by spiral shell
The body of rod 44 is threadedly coupled with anchoring body 43, then tube body 20 is placed on gasket construction 45 so that screw body 44 carries tube body 20.
It is of course also possible to above-mentioned clip 41 is arranged between gasket construction 45 and tube body 20, by clip 41 by tube body 20 and screw rod
Body 44 is fixedly connected.
When needing to shift tube body 20, setscrew is disassembled from construction section 12, by screw body 44 from anchoring
It is disassembled on body 43, setscrew and screw body 44 can reuse, and anchoring body 43 only needs to stay on top plate, so
Setscrew is fastened on new construction section 12 afterwards and installs tube body 20, and tube body 20 is placed on to the gasket construction newly installed
On 45, being used for multiple times for tunnel roof monitoring device is thereby realized.Above-mentioned dismounting mode is simple and fast, is not take up tunnel
It is laid with the time, improves monitoring efficiency.
In the present embodiment, it is multiple, multiple fiber grating inclinometers that tube body 20, which has multistage, fiber grating inclinometer 30,
30 are arranged at intervals on along the extending direction of tube body 20 in tube body 20, and are both provided at least one fiber grating in every section of tube body 20
Inclinometer 30.
Specifically, tube body 20 divides for multiple pipeline sections, wherein connect with construction section 12 positioned at one end of the pipeline section of end,
The pipeline section of his part is all fixed on to be onstructed section 11, and the junction of arbitrary two sections of pipeline sections is held by gasket construction 45
It connects so that each pipeline section can be stably fixed on top plate.Simultaneously in a part for the side wall of tube body 20 in far from tube body 20
The direction of mandrel is swelled to form holding part 21, and every section of tube body 20 all has a holding part 21, fiber grating inclinometer 30
It is accommodated and secured in holding part 21.That is fiber grating inclinometer 30 there are one being respectively provided on every section of pipeline section, and it is more
It is connect with a (FBG) demodulator 50 after being connected by optical cable 60 between a fiber grating inclinometer 30.When the top plate in tunnel settles
When, pipeline section run-off the straight corresponding with sedimentation location, the fiber grating inclinometer 30 on the pipeline section can generate strain, to
The specific location and sedimentation value that monitoring tunnel settles.
It should be noted that the quantity of pipeline section and the specific length of every section of pipeline section can carry out really according to actual needs
It is fixed.
The connection type of each pipeline section is using connection method is inserted into the present embodiment, specifically, picking up one section of pipe first
Section covers upper bottom cover in one end, is locked with three tapping screws, the other end puts on coupling, then connected down by coupling
One section of pipeline section, then fixed with three tapping screws, and so on, until the connection that all pipeline sections are completed in connection is complete to form one
Whole tube body 20.The assembling of tube body 20 can be completed on ground, to reduce the workload of high-altitude construction.
As shown in Figure 1, the (FBG) demodulator 50 of the present embodiment only there are one and can be arranged on the ground in tunnel, by tunnel top
The optical cable 60 that plate extends can pull out the outside of tube body 20, then on being connected to (FBG) demodulator 50, (FBG) demodulator by steel wire rope
50 connect with computer end again, computer end according to corresponding optical grating calibration formula by angulation change amount demodulate come.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of tunnel roof Monitoring method of the subsidence, uses tunnel roof settlement monitoring dress
It sets, tunnel roof Monitoring method of the subsidence includes：After ground assembles tube body 20 in advance, the installation of tunnel roof settlement monitoring device
On the top plate in tunnel, when tunnel roof settlement monitoring device is mounted on top plate, the tube body 20 of tunnel roof monitoring device
A part be fixed on to be onstructed section 11, another part of tube body 20 is fixed on construction section 12；Tunnel roof sedimentation prison
Survey the sedimentation value of top plate of the fiber grating inclinometer 30 of device for monitoring tunnel；The sedimentation value of top plate is sunk with preset standard
Depreciation is compared, to determine whether tunnel can cave in.
It should be noted that during on the top plate that tunnel roof settlement monitoring device is mounted on tunnel, pass through tune
Connection length between whole anchoring body 43 and screw body 44 adjusts the position height of to be onstructed section 11 of tube body 20, so that tube body 20
Whole axis it is parallel with the surface of construction section 12.For the tunnel that level is dug, that is, allow the whole water of tube body 20
It is flat.
After tunnel roof settlement monitoring device is mounted on top plate, the connectivity to optical cable 60 is needed to be detected, had
Body is：The optical cable 60 of tunnel roof monitoring device is welded together with wire jumper, then checks that optical cable 60 is with optical fiber polishing pen
It is no to have breakpoint, if without breakpoint, illustrate that the connectivity of optical cable 60 is good, it can be by the demodulation of wire jumper and tunnel roof monitoring device
Instrument 50 connects.
When the sedimentation of the top plate in tunnel, sedimentation value h and the fiber grating on corresponding tube body 20 of the top plate settled
The relationship for the tilt angle theta that inclinometer 30 detects is：
H=L × tan θ,
Wherein, h is the sedimentation value of top plate, and unit is rice；L is the length of every section of tube body 20, and unit is rice；θ is optical fiber light
The angle of inclination that pitch of shed meter 30 detects.
The sedimentation value of top plate is calculated by above-mentioned formula, when the sedimentation value h of top plate is more than preset standard sedimentation value,
There are risks in tunnel；When the sedimentation value h of top plate is less than or equal to preset standard sedimentation value, tunnel safety.
It can be seen from the above description that the above embodiments of the present invention realize following technique effect：
1, solve the problems, such as that tunnel roof monitoring in the prior art is inconvenient；
2, using fiber-optic grating sensor part monitoring technology, the sedimentation to tunnel roof may be implemented and monitored in real time；
3, with the advantages that unmanned real-time monitoring, precision is higher, easy to operate, and usability is strong；
4, simple in structure, easy for installation, visualization is high, can be used for multiple times.
Obviously, above-mentioned described embodiment only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.
Based on the embodiments of the present invention, obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts all
Other embodiment should all belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific implementation mode, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singulative
It is also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, work, device, component and/or combination thereof.
It should be noted that term " first " in the description and claims of this application and above-mentioned attached drawing, "
Two " etc. be for distinguishing similar object, without being used to describe specific sequence or precedence.It should be appreciated that using in this way
Data can be interchanged in the appropriate case, so that presently filed embodiment described herein can be in addition to illustrating herein
Or the sequence other than those of description is implemented.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any made by repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of tunnel roof monitoring device, which is characterized in that the top plate in tunnel includes to be onstructed section (11) and construction section
(12), the tunnel roof monitoring device includes：
Tube body (20)；
Fiber grating inclinometer (30), the fiber grating inclinometer (30) are arranged on the tube body (20)；
Fixation kit (40), the tube body (20) is by the fixation kit (40) and to be onstructed section (11) and described has applied
Workshop section (12) is all connected with, and when the top plate settles, the fiber grating inclinometer (30) can be by monitoring the pipe
The inclination conditions of body (20) are to monitor the sedimentation situation of the top plate；
(FBG) demodulator (50), the fiber grating inclinometer (30) connect with the (FBG) demodulator (50), to handle the fiber grating
The monitoring parameters of inclinometer (30).
2. tunnel roof monitoring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fixation kit (40) includes：
Clip (41), it is external that the clip (41) is set in the tube body (20)；
Expansion fastener (42), the clip (41) connect with the expansion fastener (42), and passes through the expansion fastener
(42) tube body (20) is fixed on the construction section (12).
3. tunnel roof monitoring device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fixation kit (40) includes：
Anchoring body (43), the anchoring body (43) are fixedly connected on to be onstructed section (11)；
Screw body (44), the screw body (44) connect with the anchoring body (43), the separate anchor of the screw body (44)
There is gasket construction (45), the tube body (20) to be supported on the gasket construction (45) for one end of solid (43).
4. tunnel roof monitoring device according to any one of claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the tube body (20)
With multistage, the fiber grating inclinometer (30) is multiple, and multiple fiber grating inclinometers (30) are along the tube body
(20) extending direction is arranged at intervals in the tube body (20), and is both provided at least one institute in every section of tube body (20)
State fiber grating inclinometer (30).
5. tunnel roof monitoring device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that multiple fiber grating inclinometers
(30) it is connect with a (FBG) demodulator (50) after being connected by optical cable (60) between.
6. tunnel roof monitoring device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that one of the side wall of the tube body (20)
The direction to the central shaft far from the tube body (20) is divided to swell to form holding part (21), the fiber grating inclinometer (30)
It is contained in the holding part (21).
7. a kind of tunnel roof Monitoring method of the subsidence, which is characterized in that use tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 6
Top plate settlement monitoring device, the tunnel roof Monitoring method of the subsidence include：
The tunnel roof settlement monitoring device is mounted on the top plate in tunnel, and the tunnel roof settlement monitoring device is installed
When on the top plate, a part for the tube body (20) of the tunnel roof monitoring device is fixed on to be onstructed section (11), institute
The another part for stating tube body (20) is fixed on construction section (12)；
The fiber grating inclinometer (30) of the tunnel roof settlement monitoring device is used to monitor the sedimentation of the top plate in the tunnel
Value；
The sedimentation value of the top plate is compared with preset standard sedimentation value, whether can be caved in the determination tunnel.
8. tunnel roof Monitoring method of the subsidence according to claim 7, which is characterized in that settle and supervise in the tunnel roof
During device is surveyed on the top plate in the tunnel, the position of the tube body (20) is adjusted, so that the tube body (20)
Axis it is parallel with the surface of construction section (12).
9. tunnel roof Monitoring method of the subsidence according to claim 8, which is characterized in that wait for the tunnel roof sedimentation prison
After device is surveyed on the top plate, the optical cable (60) of tunnel roof monitoring device is welded together with wire jumper, is then used
Optical fiber polishing pen checks whether the optical cable (60) has breakpoint, if without breakpoint, the wire jumper and tunnel roof monitoring are filled
(FBG) demodulator (50) connection set.
10. tunnel roof Monitoring method of the subsidence according to claim 7, which is characterized in that when the top plate in the tunnel is heavy
When drop, the sedimentation value h of the top plate settled and the fiber grating inclinometer on the corresponding tube body (20)
(30) relationship of the tilt angle theta detected is：
H=L × tan θ,
Wherein, h is the sedimentation value of the top plate, and unit is rice；L is the length of every section of tube body (20), and unit is rice；θ is
The angle of inclination that the fiber grating inclinometer (30) detects.
11. tunnel roof Monitoring method of the subsidence according to claim 10, which is characterized in that
When the sedimentation value h of the top plate is more than the preset standard sedimentation value, there are risks in the tunnel；Or
When the sedimentation value h of the top plate is less than or equal to the preset standard sedimentation value, the tunnel safety.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810276557.6A CN108398118A (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2018-03-30 | Tunnel roof monitoring device and tunnel roof Monitoring method of the subsidence |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810276557.6A CN108398118A (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2018-03-30 | Tunnel roof monitoring device and tunnel roof Monitoring method of the subsidence |
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| CN111174757A (en) * | 2020-01-11 | 2020-05-19 | 上海应用技术大学 | Tunnel bottom plate settlement monitoring device and method |
| CN115900579A (en) * | 2023-01-06 | 2023-04-04 | 山东大学 | Self-correcting splicing type optical fiber displacement field sensing system and correcting method thereof |
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