CN103575191B - The proving installation of foundation model test failure surface - Google Patents
The proving installation of foundation model test failure surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN103575191B CN103575191B CN201310585779.3A CN201310585779A CN103575191B CN 103575191 B CN103575191 B CN 103575191B CN 201310585779 A CN201310585779 A CN 201310585779A CN 103575191 B CN103575191 B CN 103575191B
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Abstract
本发明提供一种基础模型试验破坏面的测试装置，包括：主杆，杆身形成有刻度，主杆的顶部设置有水准泡，底部设置有嵌固端；角度盘，可滑动地套设于主杆外；量距器，套设于主杆外；量距器具有圆环、与圆环连接的刻度绳，圆环套设于主杆外，能够相对于主杆滑动和转动。嵌固端将测试装置固定，杆身上的刻度，测量破坏面的深度，角度盘固定在一个高度，将量距器的刻度绳拉到破坏面的边缘，通过主杆杆身上的刻度、角度盘上的角度以及刻度绳上的刻度确定本次测量数据，不断转动量距器，终形成角度盘所在平面的形状，改变角度盘高度，重复操作形成多个面的形状，最终获得破坏面的立体形状。这种测试装置的结构简单，且测量数据精确。
The invention provides a test device for the failure surface of a basic model test, comprising: a main rod, a scale is formed on the rod body, a level bubble is arranged on the top of the main rod, and an embedded end is arranged on the bottom; an angle plate is slidably sleeved on the outside the main rod; the distance measuring device is sleeved outside the main rod; the distance measuring device has a ring and a scale rope connected with the ring, and the ring is sleeved outside the main rod and can slide and rotate relative to the main rod. Fix the test device at the embedded end, measure the depth of the damage surface with the scale on the shaft, fix the angle plate at a certain height, pull the scale rope of the distance gauge to the edge of the damage surface, and pass the scale and angle plate on the main rod body The angle on the scale and the scale on the scale rope determine the measurement data for this time, continuously rotate the distance gauge, and finally form the shape of the plane where the angle disc is located, change the height of the angle disc, repeat the operation to form the shape of multiple surfaces, and finally obtain the three-dimensional shape of the damaged surface shape. The test device has a simple structure and accurate measurement data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transmission line foundation engineering tests, in particular to a test device for a foundation model test failure surface.
Background
In the foundation engineering of the power transmission line, usually, a pulling resistance test (namely a foundation model test) needs to be carried out on a foundation model, the bearing capacity and the failure form of the foundation are researched, after the foundation model is pulled out, the shape of a failure face in the foundation needs to be tested, at present, no relevant instrument can be used for testing the shape of the failure face, equipment such as a plumb, a protractor and a measuring ruler is generally adopted for matching use for testing, the testing work is quite complex, and the testing precision is not easy to guarantee.
Disclosure of Invention
The following presents a simplified summary of the invention in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to determine the key or critical elements of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is discussed later.
The invention aims to provide a test device for a fracture surface of a basic model test, which can be used for testing (measuring) the shape of the fracture surface and enables the testing (measuring) to be simple and accurate. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a device for testing a failure plane of a base model test, comprising: the leveling device comprises a main rod, a leveling bubble, a leveling rod and a leveling rod, wherein scales are formed on the rod body, the leveling bubble is arranged at the top of the main rod, and an embedding end is arranged at the bottom of the main rod; the angle scale is slidably sleeved outside the main rod; the distance measuring device is sleeved outside the main rod; the distance measuring device is provided with a ring and a scale rope connected with the ring, and the ring is sleeved outside the main rod and can slide and rotate relative to the main rod.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the utility model discloses a test device of the experimental fracture surface of whole basic model is fixed through inlaying the end admittedly, there is the scale on the mobile jib body of the test device of the experimental fracture surface of basic model, can measure the degree of depth of fracture surface, the angle scale is fixed at a height, the edge of fracture surface is drawn to the scale rope with the range finder, through the scale of mobile jib pole body, this measured data is confirmed to angle on the angle scale and the scale on the scale rope, and constantly rotate the range finder, finally form the planar shape in angle scale place, then change the height in angle scale place, repetitive operation forms the shape of a plurality of faces, finally obtain the three-dimensional shape of broken picture. The testing device for the test failure surface of the basic model is simple in structure and accurate in measured data.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall view of a test apparatus for testing a failure plane of a basic model according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the upper beam of the test apparatus for testing failure planes of the basic model of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the upper beam of the test apparatus for testing failure planes of the base model of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top sectional view of the upper stem of the test apparatus for a base model test failure plane of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the lower beam of the test apparatus for testing failure planes of the base model of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view of the lower beam of the test apparatus for testing failure planes of the base model of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top sectional view of the lower beam of the test apparatus for a base model trial fracture surface of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of a center pole of the test apparatus for testing failure planes of the base model of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a side view of a center pole of the test apparatus for testing failure planes of the base model of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a top sectional view of a center bar of the test apparatus for a base model trial fracture surface of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the embedded end of the testing device for testing the failure plane of the basic model test of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a top view of the angular scale of the test apparatus for testing failure planes of the base model of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a front view of the angular scale of the test apparatus for a base model test failure plane of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the A-A plane of the angle scale of the test apparatus for testing failure planes of the base model of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a right side view of the angular scale of the test apparatus for a base model test failure plane of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a distance measuring device of the test apparatus for testing a failure plane of a basic model according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-an embedded end; 11-end head; 12-a pressure bar; 13-joint
2-angle scale; 21-a tray body; 22-a limiting rod; 23-a bump; 24-a radial hole;
3-a distance measuring device; 31-a circular ring; 32-a connecting rod; 33-a collar; 34-a graduated rope;
4-main pole; 41-upper rod; 411-level bubble; 412-backstay; 413-upper screw head; 414-upper rod groove; 415-upper rod limiting hole; 42-a middle rod; 421-middle bar body; 422-middle rod screw head; 423-middle rod groove; 424-middle rod limit hole; 43-lower beam; 431-lower shaft; 432-lower bar groove; 433-lower rod limiting hole.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Elements and features depicted in one drawing or one embodiment of the invention may be combined with elements and features shown in one or more other drawings or embodiments. It should be noted that the figures and description omit representation and description of components and processes that are not relevant to the present invention and that are known to those of ordinary skill in the art for the sake of clarity. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the following embodiments of the present invention, the sequence numbers and/or the sequence order of the embodiments are only for convenience of description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments. The description of each embodiment has different emphasis, and for parts which are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a device for testing a failure plane of a basic model test, including: mobile jib 4, angle scale 2, range finder 3, wherein be formed with the scale on the mobile jib 4, and the top of mobile jib is formed with the air level, the bottom is formed with inlays solid end 1, when test (measurement) destroy the face, can test (measurement) destroy the degree of depth of face, 2 covers of angle scale are established outside mobile jib 4, and relative mobile jib 4 slidable, range finder 3 also overlaps through ring 31 and establishes outside mobile jib 4, and can slide and rotate for the mobile jib, range finder 3 still has the scale rope 34 of being connected with ring 31. Obviously, the scale rope is provided with scales, and the scale rope can be long.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned damaged surface is not a plane, but refers to a damaged surface, for example, when the bearing capacity of the foundation is studied in the foundation engineering of the power transmission line, the ground is damaged after the foundation model is pulled out, and the damaged structure on the ground is called as a damaged surface. Therefore, the damage surface has depth, and during testing (measurement), the embedded end 1 is fixed in the damage surface, and the depth can be measured through the scale on the main rod 4.
The invention fixes the testing device of the whole basic model test destructive surface through the embedded end 1, the main rod 4 of the testing device of the basic model test destructive surface is provided with scales on the rod body, the depth of the destructive surface can be measured, the angle scale 2 is fixed at a certain height, the scale rope 34 of the distance measuring device 3 is pulled to the edge of the destructive surface, the current measurement data is determined through the scales on the rod body of the main rod 4, the angle on the angle scale 2 and the scales on the scale rope 34, the distance measuring device 3 is continuously rotated, the shape of the plane where the angle scale 2 is located is finally formed, then the height where the angle scale 2 is located is changed, the repeated operation is carried out to form the shapes of a plurality of planes, and finally the three-dimensional shape of the. The testing device for the test failure surface of the basic model is simple in structure and accurate in measured data. The specific measurement method will be described in detail below. For convenience of description, the "test apparatus for a base model test failure plane" will be collectively described as "test apparatus" below. The words "test" or "measurement" are used synonymously in the description herein relating to the testing or measurement of a fracture surface using the test apparatus of the present invention.
In an alternative embodiment, the scale on the boom and the scale on the scale cord may each have an accuracy of 0.5 cm. Of course, this accuracy is not intended to limit the invention, and more accurate scales may be used if more accurate data is to be measured.
Optionally, the fixing end 1 and the main rod may be an integral piece directly formed at the bottom of the main rod, or may be a separate piece, and may be connected by a screw. In addition, the diameter of the ring of the distance measuring device is smaller than that of the angle scale, and the distance measuring device can be clamped on the angle scale.
In an alternative embodiment, see fig. 2-10, the main rod 4 comprises an upper rod 41 and a lower rod 43, i.e. the main rod 4 is composed of an upper rod 41 and a lower rod 43, which may be threaded and coaxially connected. A leveling disk is formed at one end of the upper rod 41 for ensuring that the testing device is vertically arranged when measuring, and the other end of the upper rod 41 is threadedly connected with one end of the lower rod 43. An upper shank head 413 is optionally formed on the upper shank 41 at the end opposite the end forming the vial 411 for connection to the lower shank 43, although the lower shank 43 would also have a corresponding mating portion.
Further, in an embodiment, the main rod 4 may further include a middle rod 42, the middle rod 42 is connected between the upper rod 41 and the lower rod 43, and the three are coaxially connected by a screw, and optionally, a middle rod screw 422 is formed at one end of the middle rod 42, that is, the upper rod screw 413 is connected with the middle rod by a screw, and the middle rod screw is connected with the lower rod by a screw, so as to finally form the main rod 4. The number of the center bars 42 is at least one, and a plurality of center bars may be used in the case where the measurement length (depth) is required to be large. Of course, in the example where a king-rod is not used, a plurality of lower rods may be used, only requiring the additional use of the connecting means.
The above-mentioned embedded end 1 and the main rod 4 can also be in threaded connection, and the joint 13 of the embedded end 1 can be in threaded connection with the lower rod. Through threaded connection, the installation process of the measuring device is facilitated. Of course, the embedded end 1 can also be integrated with the main rod 4 and directly formed at one end of the main rod 4, so that the step of installation before use is omitted.
In an alternative embodiment, a groove extending along the length direction (axis) of the shaft is formed on the shaft of the main shaft 4, and a plurality of limiting holes extending along the length direction of the shaft and arranged at intervals are formed on the shaft except for the part of the shaft provided with the groove. Alternatively, the spacing between the plurality of limiting holes may be 1 cm. It should be understood that, since the main rod 4 may be composed of an upper rod, a middle rod and a lower rod, the grooves and the limiting holes are correspondingly formed on the upper rod body 412, the middle rod body 421 and the lower rod body 431 of the upper rod, the middle rod and the lower rod, and it can be ensured that the grooves and the limiting holes correspond after the upper rod, the middle rod and the lower rod are connected. More specifically, the upper rod is formed with an upper rod groove 414 and an upper rod limiting hole 415, the middle rod is formed with a middle rod groove 423 and a middle rod limiting hole 424, and the lower rod is formed with a lower rod groove 432 and a lower rod limiting hole 433. Similarly, the upper club body, the middle club body and the lower club body are uniformly described as club bodies, and the upper club screw head, the middle club screw head and the lower club screw head are uniformly described as screw heads.
Optionally, the main rod 4 may be a hollow metal tube, and the upper rod, the middle rod and the lower rod may also be hollow metal tubes. This skill ensures the strength of the boom 4 and also reduces weight.
Referring to fig. 12 to 15, the angle scale 2 has a disk body 21 and a limiting rod 22, a through hole is formed on the disk body 21, the through hole is used for matching with the main rod 4, that is, the through hole is passed through, and the angle scale 2 is sleeved outside the main rod 4. The inner wall surface of the through hole is provided with a bulge 23, after the angle scale 2 is sleeved on the main rod 4, the bulge 23 is matched with the groove, so that the angle scale 2 cannot rotate around the main rod 4, but can axially slide along the main rod 4. Of course, the axial sliding of the angle scale 2 along the main rod 4 can also be controlled by the above-mentioned limiting rod 22, specifically: referring to fig. 14, a radial hole 24 penetrating through the inner wall surface of the through hole and the outer wall surface of the tray body 21 is formed on the angle scale 2 along the section a-a, and the limiting rod 22 is slidably inserted into the radial hole 24, and when the angle scale 2 is sleeved on the main rod 4, the limiting rod 22 is selectively matched with the limiting hole, so that the limiting rod 22 is selectively matched with the limiting hole, because the limiting rod 22 can slide in the radial hole 24, when the position of the angle scale 2 on the main rod 4 needs to be adjusted, the limiting rod 22 is pulled in the direction away from the through hole, and at the moment, the limiting rod 22 is not in contact with the limiting hole, and the angle scale 2 can slide; and the angle scale 2 slides in place, the limiting rod 22 is pushed towards the direction close to the through hole, so that the limiting rod 22 is matched with the limiting hole, and the angle scale 2 is organized to slide. Of course, a spring may be mounted in the radial hole 24 to allow the stop rod 22 to automatically spring back into engagement with the stop hole. The limiting rod 22 and the limiting hole simply and quickly realize the fixation of the angle disc 2 and the main rod 4.
It can be understood that the groove on the main rod can be used for matching with the protrusion on the angle disc to limit the relative rotation of the angle disc along the main rod, and simultaneously, the angle disc can be guided to slide along the groove. The cooperation in gag lever post and spacing hole can restrict the earlier of angle scale and mobile jib to sliding, makes the angle scale be in a fixed position on the mobile jib, when needs change the angle scale position, as above-mentioned the mode make gag lever post and spacing hole break away from the cooperation can. In addition, the thickness of the angle scale is selectable to be 2cm, so that enough space can be provided for the radial through hole, the whole weight can be reduced, the weight of the test device for the test destructive face of the whole basic model is reduced, and the test device is convenient to carry.
In an alternative embodiment, on a reference surface perpendicular to the axis of the main rod 4, the axis is taken as a reference point, and the included angle between the limiting hole and the groove is 90 degrees; on a reference surface perpendicular to the axis of the disc body 21, the included angle between the protrusion 23 and the radial hole 24 is 90 degrees by taking the axis as a reference point. Referring to fig. 2 to 10, the recess is in a front view and the retaining hole is in a side view. Of course, this is only an alternative way, the included angle may be any angle, and in addition, the limiting hole may also be formed in the groove. The angle between the corresponding projection 23 and the radial hole 24 is also changed accordingly, and when the stopper hole is formed in the recess, the projection 23 and the stopper rod 22 may be of an integral structure.
With reference to fig. 11, the embedded end 1 includes a tip 11 and a joint 13 connected to the main rod 4, a pressing rod 12 is formed between the tip 11 and the joint 13, and an included angle between the pressing rod 12 and an axial direction of the embedded end 1 is greater than 0 degree and less than or equal to 90 degrees. Optionally, two compression bars 12 are formed on two sides of the embedded end 1 in parallel and opposite to each other; the included angle between the compression bar 12 and the axial direction of the embedded end 1 is 90 degrees. Thus, the fixing of the embedded end 1 is convenient, and the embedded end 1 can be firmly fixed by treading the pressure lever 12. The end 11 of the embedded end 1 is folded towards the axis of the end 11 in the direction far away from the main rod 4 to form a cone. This facilitates the fixing of the embedded end 1.
Referring to fig. 16, the distance measuring device 3 further has a connecting rod 32 and a collar 33, the collar 33 is fixedly connected with the circular ring 31 through the connecting rod 32, and the calibration rope 34 is fixedly connected with the circular ring 31 through the collar 33. It should be understood that the distance measuring device 3 and the main rod 4 can slide or rotate relatively. In this way, multi-angle and multi-height measurements can be achieved, as described in the following description of the method of use.
The method of using the testing device of the present invention will be described below, in which the main rod 4 is connected to the embedded end 1, but if the upper rod is composed of three rods, i.e., an upper rod, a middle rod and a lower rod, the upper rod, the middle rod and the lower rod need to be connected to form the main rod 4 first.
The pressure is applied to the pressure rod 12 on the embedded end 1, so that the embedded end 1 is completely immersed into a damage surface (with a measuring surface), and the main rod 4 is adjusted through the leveling bubble 411 to be in a vertical state. It should be noted that it is preferable to find the insertion-fixing end 1 near the center of the plane of destruction to facilitate the subsequent measurement.
Fix angle scale 2 at first height through gag lever post 22 and spacing hole, record this height, use range finder 3 to measure the distance that mobile jib 4 reaches destruction face edge, straighten scale rope 34 to destruction face edge promptly, guarantee that scale rope 34 is in the same straight line with connecting rod 32, the angle of connecting rod 32 on angle scale 2 this moment of record to and the reading of scale rope 34, rotate connecting rod 32 (scale rope 34) and record the reading of scale rope 34 many times. Taking the change angle of 10 degrees as an example, 36 readings of the calibration string 34 are recorded to measure the shape of the horizontal plane at the first height.
And adjusting the height of the angle scale 2 to a second height, and repeating the process to obtain the shape of the horizontal plane at the second height. Up to the nth height.
According to the spacing of the limiting holes being 1cm, the minimum unit for adjusting the height of the angle scale is 1cm, and the integral multiple of 1cm can be selected to adjust the height of the angle scale according to the requirement during testing. It should be understood that the spacing of the stop holes is not limited to 1cm, and thus the minimum unit of height adjustment of the angle dial is not limited to 1cm, which is related to the spacing of the stop holes.
The shapes of the horizontal planes of the planes are superposed, so that the three-dimensional shape of the whole damaged surface can be obtained.
By the above method, the measured structure is more accurate.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention and its advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Moreover, the scope of the present application is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments of the process, machine, means, methods and steps described in the specification. As one of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate from the disclosure of the present invention, processes, machines, means, methods, or steps, presently existing or later to be developed that perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same result as the corresponding embodiments described herein may be utilized according to the present invention. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to include within their scope such processes, devices, means, methods, or steps.
Claims (12)
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| CN201310585779.3A CN103575191B (en) | 2013-11-19 | 2013-11-19 | The proving installation of foundation model test failure surface |
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| CN201310585779.3A CN103575191B (en) | 2013-11-19 | 2013-11-19 | The proving installation of foundation model test failure surface |
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| CN103925862B (en) * | 2014-05-07 | 2016-06-01 | 中冶建工集团有限公司 | A kind of RH refining furnace lifting frame guide rails assembling adjusting process |
| CN107607868B (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2024-06-28 | Tcl瑞智（惠州）制冷设备有限公司 | Compressor stator lead length test experiment device and method |
| CN114812327B (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2023-05-23 | 中国五冶集团有限公司 | A measuring stick for measuring the deepest depth of the irregular failure surface on the surface of concrete members |
| CN119617211A (en) * | 2025-01-15 | 2025-03-14 | 中国人民解放军63926部队 | A flange mounting chuck with scale |
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| CN101261125A (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2008-09-10 | 陈威 | Large-sized rotating curved face foundation surface calibration method and apparatus |
| CN201622054U (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2010-11-03 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Thin Steel Residual Curvature Measuring Device |
| CN202485614U (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2012-10-10 | 无锡市政设计研究院有限公司 | Device for detecting internal shape and size of underground shaft |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP4891629B2 (en) * | 2006-02-22 | 2012-03-07 | 株式会社ミツトヨ | Surface texture measuring machine, shape analysis program and recording medium |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101261125A (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2008-09-10 | 陈威 | Large-sized rotating curved face foundation surface calibration method and apparatus |
| CN201622054U (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2010-11-03 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Thin Steel Residual Curvature Measuring Device |
| CN202485614U (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2012-10-10 | 无锡市政设计研究院有限公司 | Device for detecting internal shape and size of underground shaft |
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Address after: 100031 Xicheng District West Chang'an Avenue, No. 86, Beijing Patentee after: STATE GRID CORPORATION OF CHINA Country or region after: China Patentee after: CHINA ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100033 West Chang'an Avenue, Beijing, No. 86, No. Patentee before: State Grid Corporation of China Country or region before: China Patentee before: China Electric Power Research Institute |
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Effective date of registration: 20260327 Address after: 100031 Xicheng District West Chang'an Avenue, No. 86, Beijing Patentee after: STATE GRID CORPORATION OF CHINA Country or region after: China Patentee after: State Grid Electric Power Engineering Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100031 Xicheng District West Chang'an Avenue, No. 86, Beijing Patentee before: STATE GRID CORPORATION OF CHINA Country or region before: China Patentee before: CHINA ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. |