CN108981655B - Tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism and tunnel roof settlement monitoring method - Google Patents
Tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism and tunnel roof settlement monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108981655B CN108981655B CN201810277214.1A CN201810277214A CN108981655B CN 108981655 B CN108981655 B CN 108981655B CN 201810277214 A CN201810277214 A CN 201810277214A CN 108981655 B CN108981655 B CN 108981655B
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- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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Abstract
The invention provides a tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism and a tunnel roof settlement monitoring method. Wherein, tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism includes installation component and fiber grating level gauge, and the fiber grating level gauge is connected with the demodulation appearance, and the installation component includes: the fiber bragg grating liquid level meter is arranged in the tube body; the pipe body is connected with the top plate of the tunnel through the fixing parts; the pump body is connected with one end of the pipe body so as to introduce liquid into the pipe body. The invention solves the problem that the real-time monitoring of the tunnel top plate is inconvenient in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering construction, in particular to a tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism and a tunnel roof settlement monitoring method.
Background
In the current tunnel construction, the problem of sinking of a tunnel top plate generally exists, the sinking of a vault in a tunnel can cause serious safety risks or accidents of the tunnel and peripheral building facilities, but the aspects of the current tunnel safety detection technical means, standard construction and the like are still in an exploration stage, and the used monitoring method is complex in operation, low in efficiency, often incapable of carrying out real-time effective monitoring and capable of feeding back the field condition in real time. Meanwhile, the monitoring precision is related to the operation of workers, so that the measurement error is large, and engineering accidents caused by the falling of the top plate on the tunnel face frequently occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism and a tunnel roof settlement monitoring method, and aims to solve the problem that the tunnel roof is inconvenient to monitor in real time in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism, including a mounting assembly and a fiber grating level meter, the fiber grating level meter being connected to a demodulator, the mounting assembly including: the fiber bragg grating liquid level meter is arranged in the tube body; the pipe body is connected with the top plate of the tunnel through the fixing parts; the pump body is connected with one end of the pipe body so as to introduce liquid into the pipe body.
Further, the fiber grating level gauge is a plurality of, and a plurality of fiber grating level gauges set up in the body along the extending direction interval of body, and the roof has the multistage, all corresponds in the pipeline section of the body that each section roof corresponds and has at least one fiber grating level gauge.
Furthermore, a plurality of fiber bragg grating liquid level meters are connected with one demodulator after being connected through optical cables.
Further, the pipe body is a corrugated pipe.
Further, the bellows sets up and the bellows is kept away from the one end of the pump body along the extending direction in tunnel and is provided with the section of stretching out that upwards extends, and the tip that stretches out the section has open structure, and open structure's tip is close to the roof in comparison with the bellows.
Further, the installation component also comprises a water tank which is connected with the pump body and is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the tunnel.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tunnel roof settlement monitoring method, using the above tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism, the tunnel roof settlement monitoring method including: the tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism is arranged on a roof of the tunnel; the fiber bragg grating liquid level meter of the tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism is used for monitoring the settlement value of the roof of the tunnel; and comparing the settlement value h of the top plate with a preset standard settlement value to determine whether the tunnel is collapsed.
Further, after the tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism is fixed to the roof of the tunnel, the pump body of the tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism injects liquid with constant pressure into the tube body of the tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism, so that the tube body is filled with the liquid and has no bubbles.
Further, when the top plate of the tunnel is settled, the settlement value h at the top plate where the settlement occurs and the wavelength λ detected by the corresponding fiber grating liquid level meter have the relationship:
wherein, KpIs the ratio of liquid level to wavelength, K, of a fiber grating liquid level metertIs the ratio of wavelength offset to temperature, λ0Is the initial wavelength, T, of the fiber grating liquid level meter0Is λ0And (3) the temperature value during detection, T is the temperature value during lambda detection, rho is the density of the liquid in the pipe body, and g is the gravity acceleration.
Further, when the settlement value h of the top plate is larger than a preset standard settlement value, the tunnel has risks; or when the settlement value h of the top plate is less than or equal to the preset standard settlement value, the tunnel is safe.
By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the fiber bragg grating liquid level meter is arranged in the pipeline filled with liquid, and the pipeline is fixed on the tunnel top plate, so that the pipe body is also settled when the tunnel top plate is settled, and further, the corresponding settlement value is obtained by calculation according to the change of the liquid pressure of the fiber bragg grating liquid level meter.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a side view of the tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism of FIG. 1; and
fig. 3 shows a front view of the tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism of fig. 1.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. a fiber grating liquid level meter; 20. a pipe body; 21. a protruding section; 30. a fixing member; 40. a pump body; 50. an optical cable; 60. a water tank.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
It is noted that, unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
In the present invention, unless specified to the contrary, use of the terms of orientation such as "upper, lower, top, bottom" or the like, generally refer to the orientation as shown in the drawings, or to the component itself in a vertical, perpendicular, or gravitational orientation; likewise, for ease of understanding and description, "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the components themselves, but the above directional words are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism and a tunnel roof settlement monitoring method, aiming at solving the problem that the tunnel roof is inconvenient to monitor in real time in the prior art.
As shown in figure 1, the tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism comprises a mounting assembly and a fiber grating liquid level meter 10, wherein the fiber grating liquid level meter 10 is connected with a demodulator, and the mounting assembly comprises: the fiber bragg grating liquid level meter comprises a pipe body 20, a plurality of fixing pieces 30 and a pump body 40, wherein a fiber bragg grating liquid level meter 10 is arranged in the pipe body 20; the tube body 20 is connected with the top plate of the tunnel through a fixing member 30; the pump body 40 is connected to one end of the tube 20 to supply liquid into the tube 20.
Specifically, through setting up fiber grating level gauge 10 in the pipeline that is full of liquid, the pipeline is fixed on the tunnel roof for when the roof in tunnel subsides, body 20 also takes place to subside, and then calculates according to fiber grating level gauge 10's liquid pressure's change and obtains corresponding settlement value, this tunnel roof subsides monitoring mechanism can carry out real-time supervision to the settlement state of the roof in tunnel, adopts the demodulator to make whole process not need a large amount of manual work to participate in simultaneously, and is convenient accurate.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, there are a plurality of fiber grating liquid level meters 10, the plurality of fiber grating liquid level meters 10 are disposed in the pipe body 20 at intervals along the extending direction of the pipe body 20, the top plate has a plurality of sections, and at least one fiber grating liquid level meter 10 is disposed in a section of the pipe body 20 corresponding to each section of the top plate.
Specifically, body 20 sets up along the extending direction in tunnel, and fiber grating level gauge 10 also sets up along the extending direction of body 20 to because the roof in tunnel divide into the multistage and each section roof all probably takes place to subside, therefore, all be provided with a fiber grating level gauge 10 on the body 20 of the correspondence of every roof, and fiber grating level gauge 10 projection is located the centre of roof on the roof, make fiber grating level gauge 10 can the accurate measurement to the value of subsiding of each section roof, guarantee the accuracy of monitoring.
When it is required to be noted, a plurality of fiber grating liquid level meters 10 are all connected with a demodulator through the optical cable 50, and then the demodulator is connected with a computer to process various data measured by the fiber grating liquid level meters 10.
In this embodiment, body 20 is the bellows, and the compressive property of bellows is better, can bear certain water pressure, and certain deformation can take place for bellows itself simultaneously for when the settlement takes place for one section of roof in tunnel, the corresponding pipeline section of body 20 can be followed and take place certain deformation, and other pipeline sections and other fiber grating level gauges 10 do not receive the influence, have avoided multistage body 20 to take place simultaneously and subside and lead to the inaccurate problem of monitoring.
Optionally, the tube body 20 is a circular tube. The structure is simple and easy to construct.
The structure of the pipe body 20 is not limited to this. Alternatively, the tube body 20 may have other shapes, such as an elliptical tube, a rectangular tube, or the like.
Optionally, the bellows is disposed along the extending direction of the tunnel, and one end of the bellows away from the pump body 40 is disposed with an extending section 21 extending upward, and an end of the extending section 21 has an opening structure, and an end of the opening structure is closer to the top plate than the bellows. The extending section 21 can facilitate the pump 40 to determine the liquid supply amount when supplying liquid into the tube 20, ensure sufficient liquid supply, avoid the situation of insufficient liquid supply, ensure the stable pressure in the tube 20, and further improve the monitoring accuracy.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the mounting assembly further includes a water tank 60, the water tank 60 being connected to the pump body 40 and disposed on the inner wall of the bottom of the tunnel. The water tank 60 has the base, and accessible bolt fastening is on ground, and during the body 20 was carried with the water in the water tank 60 to the pump body 40, the inner wall that sets up in the bottom in tunnel simultaneously can reduce the influence of water tank 60 and pump body 40 to the tunnel, reduces its occupation to the tunnel space.
In this embodiment, the fixing element 30 is a hook, one end of the hook hooks the tube 20, and the other end of the hook is fixed on the top plate, so as to connect the tube 20 and the top plate. The structure is simple, and the assembly and the processing are easy.
The invention also provides a tunnel roof settlement monitoring method, which adopts the tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism and comprises the following steps: the tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism is arranged on a roof of the tunnel; the fiber bragg grating liquid level meter 10 of the tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism is used for monitoring the settlement value of the roof of the tunnel; and comparing the settlement value h of the top plate with a preset standard settlement value to determine whether the tunnel is collapsed.
Specifically, the tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism is fixed on the roof of the tunnel, then liquid is supplied into the tube body 20 through the pump body 40 at a constant pressure, and the liquid supply is stopped when the liquid level of the extending section 21 is higher than that of the tube body, so that the tube body 20 is filled with liquid and has no bubbles. The protruding section 21 extends upward to a certain height to meet the measurement requirement.
It should be noted that the settlement value h at the top plate in the present embodiment is related to the wavelength λ detected by the corresponding fiber grating liquid level meter 10 by:
wherein, KpIs the ratio of the liquid level to the wavelength, K, of the fiber grating liquid level meter 10tIs the ratio of wavelength offset to temperature, λ0Is the initial wavelength of the fiber grating liquid level meter 10In units of meters, T0Is λ0The temperature value during detection is expressed in Kelvin K, T is the temperature value during lambda detection, expressed in Kelvin K, and rho is the density of the liquid in the pipe body 20, expressed in kg/m3G is the acceleration of gravity in m/s2. Through the calculation mode, the pressure value monitored by the fiber bragg grating liquid level meter 10 is converted into a corresponding settlement value of the top plate.
Then, comparing the settlement value of the top plate obtained by calculation with a preset standard settlement value, and when the settlement value h of the top plate is greater than the preset standard settlement value, the tunnel has risks; and when the settlement value h of the top plate is less than or equal to the preset standard settlement value, the tunnel is safe.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:
1. the problem that the tunnel top plate is inconvenient to monitor in real time in the prior art is solved;
2. the fiber bragg grating liquid level meter is sensitive in induction, so that the measurement precision in the monitoring process can be ensured;
3. simple structure, installation convenient operation.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments are only a few, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, and it should be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The tunnel roof settlement monitoring method is characterized in that a tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism is adopted, the tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism comprises a mounting component and a fiber bragg grating liquid level meter (10), the fiber bragg grating liquid level meter (10) is connected with a demodulator, and the mounting component comprises:
the fiber bragg grating liquid level meter comprises a pipe body (20), wherein the fiber bragg grating liquid level meter (10) is arranged in the pipe body (20);
a plurality of fixing pieces (30), wherein the pipe body (20) is connected with the top plate of the tunnel through the fixing pieces (30);
the pump body (40), the pump body (40) is connected with one end of the tube body (20) so as to lead liquid into the tube body (20);
the fiber bragg grating liquid level meters (10) are arranged in the pipe body (20) at intervals along the extending direction of the pipe body (20), the top plate is provided with a plurality of sections, and at least one fiber bragg grating liquid level meter (10) corresponds to each section of the pipe body (20) corresponding to the top plate;
the pipe body (20) is a corrugated pipe, the corrugated pipe is arranged along the extending direction of the tunnel, one end, far away from the pump body (40), of the corrugated pipe is provided with an extending section (21) extending upwards, the end part of the extending section (21) is provided with an opening structure, and the end part of the opening structure is close to the top plate compared with the corrugated pipe;
the mounting assembly further comprises a water tank (60), wherein the water tank (60) is connected with the pump body (40) and is arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the tunnel;
the tunnel roof settlement monitoring method comprises the following steps:
the tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism is arranged on a roof of the tunnel;
after the tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism is fixed to a roof of a tunnel, a pump body (40) of the tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism injects liquid with constant pressure into a pipe body (20) of the tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism so that the pipe body (20) is filled with the liquid and has no bubbles;
the fiber bragg grating liquid level meter (10) of the tunnel top plate settlement monitoring mechanism is used for monitoring the settlement value of the top plate of the tunnel;
and comparing the settlement value h of the top plate with a preset standard settlement value to determine whether the tunnel is collapsed.
2. The tunnel roof settlement monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the fiber bragg grating liquid level meters (10) are connected through an optical cable (50) and then connected with one of the demodulators.
3. The tunnel roof settlement monitoring method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the roof of the tunnel settles, the settlement value h at the roof where the settlement occurs is related to the corresponding wavelength λ detected by the fiber grating level gauge (10) by:
wherein, KpIs the ratio of the liquid level to the wavelength, K, of the fiber grating liquid level meter (10)tIs the ratio of wavelength offset to temperature, λ0Is the initial wavelength, T, of the fiber grating level gauge (10)0Is λ0And the temperature value during detection is T, p and g, wherein T is the temperature value during lambda detection, p is the density of the liquid in the pipe body (20), and g is the gravity acceleration.
4. The method for monitoring settlement of a tunnel roof according to claim 3,
when the settlement value h of the top plate is larger than the preset standard settlement value, the tunnel has risks; or
And when the settlement value h of the top plate is less than or equal to the preset standard settlement value, the tunnel is safe.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810277214.1A CN108981655B (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2018-03-30 | Tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism and tunnel roof settlement monitoring method |
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| CN201810277214.1A CN108981655B (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2018-03-30 | Tunnel roof settlement monitoring mechanism and tunnel roof settlement monitoring method |
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| CN108981655B true CN108981655B (en) | 2021-04-16 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB2594434B (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2024-03-20 | Osprey Measurement Systems Ltd | A settlement monitoring system and method |
| CN111366131A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-03 | 湖州市南浔创业测绘与土地规划院股份有限公司 | House settlement monitoring method |
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| CN107727065A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-02-23 | 山东科技大学 | The sinking deformation monitoring system that drills and its monitoring method |
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| JPH08219776A (en) * | 1995-02-10 | 1996-08-30 | Tokimec Inc | Level measuring device |
| CN102620715A (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2012-08-01 | 河海大学 | Observation method of foundation settlement based on liquid level difference |
| CN205280055U (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-06-01 | 基康仪器股份有限公司 | Integration settlement monitoring device based on optic fibre F -P chamber pressure sensor |
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