CN108397773B - Biomass pyrolysis oil-gas mixed combustion equipment - Google Patents
Biomass pyrolysis oil-gas mixed combustion equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN108397773B CN108397773B CN201810173114.4A CN201810173114A CN108397773B CN 108397773 B CN108397773 B CN 108397773B CN 201810173114 A CN201810173114 A CN 201810173114A CN 108397773 B CN108397773 B CN 108397773B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
- F23D17/002—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
Abstract
The invention discloses biomass pyrolysis oil-gas mixed combustion equipment, which belongs to the technical field of renewable energy sources and mainly comprises an air distribution system, an oil supply system, a pyrolysis gas supply system, a combustor, a combustion chamber, a flue gas heat exchange system and the like, wherein the air distribution system, the oil supply system and the pyrolysis gas supply system are designed by three independent pipelines, so that the biomass pyrolysis oil-gas mixed combustion equipment can be used for independently burning oil or gas and can also be used for mixing oil and gas, can adapt to various combustion working conditions, and effectively realizes removal and reutilization of tar. The combustion chamber and the flue gas heat exchange chamber are integrally designed, the installation space is reduced, the high-efficiency heat exchange of flue gas is realized, and the flue gas analyzer is installed at a flue gas outlet to realize the on-line monitoring of flue gas components.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of renewable energy sources, and particularly relates to biomass pyrolysis oil gas mixed combustion equipment which is suitable for mixed combustion of biological tar and pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis of various biomasses.
Background
The pyrolysis technology using biomass as a raw material can realize clean and efficient conversion of energy, high-temperature gas generated by biomass pyrolysis is called as biomass pyrolysis gas, and non-condensable gas, namely biomass fuel gas and condensable gas, is obtained through the processes of dust removal, condensation, decoking and the like. The condensable gas mainly comprises biomass tar, wood vinegar and water vapor, and the biomass fuel gas mainly comprises CO and CO2、H2、N2、CH4Etc. because of the addition of a certain amount of C2H6、C3H8、C2H4And C3H6The high-calorific-value gas of macromolecules has higher calorific value than the biomass pyrolysis gasified gas, and can be directly combusted to be used for heat-using equipment. Biomass tar is used as a pyrolysis byproduct, has very complex components, is mostly benzene derivatives and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is gaseous at high temperature, can be condensed into dark brown viscous liquid when the temperature is below 200 ℃, is easy to block a pipeline, blocks the normal operation of equipment, and simultaneously toxic substances in the tar can also cause great damage to the health of people, the removal of the pyrolysis tar and the removal of the pyrolysis tarThe recycling technology needs further research.
In the existing biomass energy technology, the research of countries such as America, Canada, UK and the like is advanced, particularly, the technical development of a gas burner is mature, the structural design, the installation mode and the size of parts have international standards, representative countries are DUNGS company, Italy BAITE, STEINEN company and UK NUWAY company, and foreign burners control the air-fuel ratio accurately, so that the combustion efficiency of the burners reaches 99.96% on average, and the biomass energy technology is mainly used for power generation and regional heat supply and realizes commercial application. The development and research of the gas burner are started at the end of the 80 th year in the 20 th century in China, a plurality of enterprises for manufacturing the burner are successively built in the middle and later 90 th years in China, the biomass gas burner is researched and developed to a certain extent by renewable energy focus open laboratories of the Ministry of agriculture of Henan agricultural university, energy research institutes of academy of sciences in Henan province, northeast forestry university and other scientific institutes, but the research is mainly focused on the combustion of combustible gas in pyrolysis gas at home and abroad, and the research on the direct combustion of crude pyrolysis gas containing tar is less.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that tar in biomass pyrolysis gas is difficult to remove, an industrial chain at the rear end of a pyrolysis technology is not completely opened and the like at present, and discloses biomass pyrolysis oil-gas mixed combustion equipment by combining the related technology of a gas burner at present. Its characterized in that, a living beings pyrolysis oil gas co-combustion equipment, mainly include air gas distribution system (1), oil feeding system (2), pyrolysis gas air feeding system (3), combustor (4), combustion chamber (5) and flue gas heat transfer system (6), its characterized in that air gas distribution system (1) is connected with oil feeding system (2) through combustor (4), an atomizing for pyrolysis oil, pyrolysis gas air feeding system (3) are direct to link to each other with combustor (4), be used for combustion-supporting, combustion chamber (5) are connected to combustor (4) rear end, flue gas heat transfer system (6) are installed additional to the combustion chamber upper end.
The biomass pyrolysis oil-gas mixed combustion equipment is characterized in that an air distribution system (1) mainly comprises a high-pressure gas tank (101), a manual valve (102), a pressure regulator (103), a float flowmeter (104) and an electromagnetic valve (105).
The biomass pyrolysis oil-gas mixed combustion equipment is characterized in that an oil supply system (2) mainly comprises an oil storage tank (201), a first manual valve (202), a second manual valve (203), a first Y-type filter (204), a second Y-type filter (205), a first basket filter (206), a second basket filter (207), an oil pump (208), a first electromagnetic valve (209) and a second electromagnetic valve (210), wherein the first manual valve (202), the first Y-type filter (204), the first basket filter (206), the second manual valve (203), the second Y-type filter (205) and the second basket filter (207) are connected in parallel and can be alternately cleaned for use, a heating belt is accompanied outside the oil storage tank (201), and the temperature can reach 100 ℃.
The biomass pyrolysis oil-gas mixed combustion equipment is characterized in that a first Y-shaped filter (204), a second Y-shaped filter (205), a first basket filter (206) and a second basket filter (207) are all made of 310S stainless steel, and the Y-shaped filter (103) is arranged at the front end of the basket filter (104) and used as primary filtration.
The biomass pyrolysis oil-gas mixed combustion equipment is characterized in that a pyrolysis gas supply system (3) mainly comprises a gas inlet (301), a manual valve (302), a filter (303), a float flowmeter (304), a pressure reducing valve (305), an electromagnetic valve (306) and a metal hose (307), wherein the pressure reducing valve (305) is used by adopting a primary pressure reducing and secondary pressure reducing combination principle.
The biomass pyrolysis oil-gas mixed combustion equipment is characterized in that a combustor (4) mainly comprises a blower (401) and a high-pressure igniter (402), the high-pressure igniter (402) is used for igniting fuel, and the blower (401) is used for providing air distribution.
The biomass pyrolysis oil-gas mixed combustion equipment is characterized in that a combustion chamber (5) mainly comprises two observation holes (501), a combustion cavity (502) and three temperature measuring points (503), wherein the combustion cavity (502) is made of 310S stainless steel and lined with refractory materials.
The biomass pyrolysis oil-gas mixed combustion equipment is characterized in that a flue gas heat exchange system (6) mainly comprises a high-pressure fan (601), a heat exchange air temperature measuring point (602), a tubular heat exchanger (603), a flue gas outlet temperature measuring point (604), a flue gas outlet (605) and a flue gas analyzer interface (606), wherein the tubular heat exchanger is made of 310S stainless steel and is provided with heat exchange fins.
The biomass pyrolysis oil-gas mixed combustion equipment is characterized in that a combustion chamber (5) and a flue gas heat exchange system (6) belong to integrated equipment, and the flue gas heat exchange system is installed at the upper end of the combustion chamber, so that the installation area is saved.
Specifically, the invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
1) the biomass pyrolysis oil-gas mixed combustion equipment consists of the independent oil path, the independent gas combustion path and the independent air path, and can realize independent oil burning or gas burning and oil-gas mixed combustion, so that the combustion working condition of heavy oil such as tar is improved.
2) According to the biomass pyrolysis oil-gas co-combustion equipment, the combustion chamber and the flue gas heat exchange chamber are integrally designed, the flue gas heat exchange chamber adopts a tube array heat exchange principle with fins, hot flue gas flows in the tube array, and heat exchange air flows out of the tube, so that the structure greatly reduces the installation space, and high-efficiency heat exchange of the flue gas is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a biomass pyrolysis oil-gas co-combustion device;
in the figure, 101 is a high-pressure gas tank, 102 is a manual valve, 103 is a pressure regulator, 104 is a float flowmeter, 105 is an electromagnetic valve, 201 is an oil tank, 202 is a manual valve I, 203 is a manual valve II, 204 is a Y-type filter I, 205 is a Y-type filter II, 206 is a basket filter I, 207 is a basket filter II, 208 is an oil pump, 209 is an electromagnetic valve I, 210 is an electromagnetic valve II, 301 is a gas inlet, 302 is a manual valve, 303 is a filter, 304 is a float flowmeter, 305 is a pressure reducing valve, 306 is an electromagnetic valve, 307 is a metal hose, 401 is a blower, 402 is a high-pressure igniter, 501-observation hole, 502-combustion cavity, 503-temperature measuring point, 601-high pressure fan, 602-heat exchange air temperature measuring point, 603-tubular heat exchanger, 604-flue gas outlet temperature measuring point, 605-flue gas outlet, 606-flue gas analyzer interface.
Detailed Description
The specific structure and operation of the present invention are further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in the schematic structural diagram of a biomass pyrolysis oil-gas mixed combustion device in fig. 1, the device mainly comprises an air distribution system (1), an oil supply system (2), a pyrolysis gas supply system (3), a burner (4), a combustion chamber (5) and a flue gas heat exchange system (6), wherein the air distribution system is used for providing atomized air when tar is combusted, the pressure of a high-pressure gas storage tank is 0.8MPa, and the atomized pressure is 0.3MPa after pressure reduction; the oil supply system filters dust in tar by adopting a two-stage parallel filtering mode, and then the dust is pumped into an atomizing nozzle through an oil pump, wherein the pressure is 0.2 MPa; the pyrolysis gas supply system is used for supporting combustion or independently burning, and the pressure is about 200kPa after two-stage decompression; the combustor adopts high-pressure ignition to ignite fuel oil or fuel gas; the combustion chamber is used for observing the flame length and checking the flame state and is provided with two observation holes; the flue gas heat exchanger adopts a tube array heat exchange principle with fins, and air cooling heat exchange reduces the temperature of flue gas so as to detect the components of the flue gas.
According to the above classification, the present invention is illustrated below with reference to the figures:
example (b): carrying out pyrolysis tar combustion test
The biomass pyrolysis oil-gas mixed combustion equipment disclosed by the invention is used for burning pyrolysis tar, and raw materials are biomass tar and biomass pyrolysis gas which are generated under the pyrolysis condition of 500 ℃. Firstly, carrying out a pyrolysis oil-gas mixing test, adding tar into an oil storage tank, setting the heating temperature to be 80 ℃, and connecting a gas pipeline; opening a valve of the gas distribution system, adjusting the air pressure to be 0.3MPa, and purging the pipeline for 3 min; then opening a gas valve, reducing the pressure to 200kPa, starting ignition, closing high-pressure ignition when a photosensitive sensor detects that combustion flame exists, locking a gas distribution electromagnetic valve, then opening an oil way valve and an oil pump, adjusting the atomization pressure of pyrolysis oil to 0.2MPa, and then introducing the pyrolysis oil into a combustor for combustion; starting a high-pressure fan to exchange heat of the flue gas temperature, wherein the high-pressure fan and a temperature signal adopt a closed-loop control principle, and the temperature of a flue gas outlet is ensured to be 200 +/-10 ℃; and inserting the smoke analyzer into the smoke outlet to detect smoke components.
Then carrying out a tar independent combustion test, adding tar into an oil storage tank, setting the heating temperature to be 80 ℃, and connecting a gas pipeline; opening a valve of the gas distribution system, adjusting the air pressure to be 0.3MPa, and purging the pipeline for 3 min; opening a valve of an oil supply system and an oil pump, starting ignition, closing high-pressure ignition when a photosensitive sensor detects that combustion flame exists, and locking a gas distribution electromagnetic valve to ensure that the gas distribution electromagnetic valve is in an open state; starting a high-pressure fan to exchange heat of the flue gas temperature, wherein the high-pressure fan and a temperature signal adopt a closed-loop control principle, and the temperature of a flue gas outlet is ensured to be 200 +/-10 ℃; and inserting the smoke analyzer into the smoke outlet to detect smoke components.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A biomass pyrolysis oil gas mixed combustion device mainly comprises an air distribution system (1), an oil supply system (2), a pyrolysis gas supply system (3), a burner (4), a combustion chamber (5) and a flue gas heat exchange system (6), and is characterized in that the air distribution system (1) is connected with the oil supply system (2) through the burner (4) to provide high-pressure gas for atomization of pyrolysis oil, the pyrolysis gas supply system (3) is directly connected with the burner (4) to support combustion, the rear end of the burner (4) is connected with the combustion chamber (5), and the flue gas heat exchange system (6) is additionally arranged at the upper end of the combustion chamber; the oil supply system (2) mainly comprises an oil storage tank (201), a first manual valve (202), a second manual valve (203), a first Y-shaped filter (204), a second Y-shaped filter (205), a first basket filter (206), a second basket filter (207), an oil pump (208), a first electromagnetic valve (209) and a second electromagnetic valve (210), wherein the first manual valve (202), the first Y-shaped filter (204), the first basket filter (206), the second manual valve (203), the second Y-shaped filter (205) and the second basket filter (207) are connected in parallel to form the oil supply system, and the oil supply system is alternately cleaned and used; the combustion chamber (5) mainly comprises two observation holes (501), a combustion cavity (502) and three temperature measuring points (503).
2. The biomass pyrolysis oil-gas mixed combustion equipment according to claim 1, wherein the air distribution system (1) mainly comprises a high-pressure gas tank (101), a manual valve (102), a pressure regulator (103), a float flowmeter (104) and an electromagnetic valve (105), wherein the pressure of the high-pressure gas tank (101) is 0.8 MPa.
3. The biomass pyrolysis oil-gas co-combustion equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil storage tank (201) is externally accompanied by a heating zone with a temperature of up to 100 ℃.
4. The biomass pyrolysis oil-gas co-combustion equipment as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein the first Y-shaped filter (204), the second Y-shaped filter (205), the first basket filter (206) and the second basket filter (207) are made of 310S stainless steel, and the Y-shaped filter (103) is installed at the front end of the basket filter (104) and used as primary filtration.
5. The biomass pyrolysis oil-gas mixed combustion equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the pyrolysis gas supply system (3) mainly comprises a gas inlet (301), a manual valve (302), a filter (303), a float flowmeter (304), a pressure reducing valve (305), an electromagnetic valve (306) and a metal hose (307), wherein the pressure reducing valve (305) is used by adopting a combination principle of primary pressure reduction and secondary pressure reduction.
6. The biomass pyrolysis oil-gas co-combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the burner (4) mainly comprises a blower (401) and a high-pressure igniter (402), the high-pressure igniter (402) is used for igniting fuel, and the blower (401) is used for providing air distribution.
7. The biomass pyrolysis oil-gas co-combustion equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber (502) is made of 310S stainless steel and is lined with refractory material.
8. The biomass pyrolysis oil-gas co-combustion equipment according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas heat exchange system (6) mainly comprises a high pressure fan (601), a heat exchange air temperature measuring point (602), a tubular heat exchanger (603), a flue gas outlet temperature measuring point (604), a flue gas outlet (605) and a flue gas analyzer interface (606), wherein the tubular heat exchanger is made of 310S stainless steel and is provided with heat exchange fins.
9. The biomass pyrolysis oil-gas co-combustion equipment according to claim 1, 7 or 8, characterized in that the combustion chamber (5) and the flue gas heat exchange system (6) belong to an integrated equipment, and the flue gas heat exchange system is installed at the upper end of the combustion chamber, so that the installation area is saved.
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| CN110542629B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2024-02-13 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Pyrolysis tar atomization level evaluation test system |
| CN110542630B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2020-11-24 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Pyrolysis tar atomization level evaluation test method |
| CN111664469B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2022-05-31 | 新奥生物质能(天津)有限公司 | Control method and control system for combustion of oil-gas dual-purpose boiler |
| CN113280333B (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-11-18 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Atomization combustion method of biomass dissolved gas pyrolysis oil |
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| KR100553391B1 (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2006-02-21 | 정정헌 | A burning system using hydrogen-oxygen gas generator |
| CN201225648Y (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2009-04-22 | 王怀利 | Instant control oxygen supply fire power kiln |
| CN101481619B (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2012-10-17 | 山东科技大学 | Self-mixing downflow fluidized bed rapid pyrolysis process for solid organics |
| CN101539290B (en) * | 2008-03-18 | 2011-06-08 | 广州迪森热能技术股份有限公司 | Biological oil combustion device |
| CN101581454A (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2009-11-18 | 南通大学 | Industrial boiler combustion controlling system adopting predictive functional controller based on characteristic model |
| CN101955181B (en) * | 2010-10-15 | 2012-01-04 | 北京林业大学 | Method for preparing active carbon by using carbon byproduct of fast pyrolysis of larchwood |
| CN202032573U (en) * | 2011-04-01 | 2011-11-09 | 北京三博中自科技有限公司 | Combustion optimization control system of circulating fluidized bed boiler under load variation in large range |
| CN102839001B (en) * | 2011-06-20 | 2014-04-30 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Pyrolysis apparatus and method for production of light tar |
| CN102816621A (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2012-12-12 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for preparing briquette fuels by waste woods in furniture factory |
| CN103672952B (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2016-05-11 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of industrial furnace high pressure internal-mixing atomization winding-up vegetable fat or bio oil combustion system and method thereof |
| CN103712203B (en) * | 2014-01-06 | 2016-06-08 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of biological oil combustion system |
| CN104211274A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2014-12-17 | 天津清华德人环境工程有限公司 | Sludge reduction and recycling treatment device and sludge treatment method |
| CN104789245B (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2017-12-05 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of pyrolysis gasifying device and technique |
| CN105861008B (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2019-01-11 | 北京神雾电力科技有限公司 | Pyrolysis of coal reactor-pulverized-coal fired boiler combined system and the method for handling coal using it |
| CN206280176U (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-06-27 | 四川中车玉柴发动机股份有限公司 | A kind of fuel conveying unit |
| CN106698340A (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2017-05-24 | 北京神雾环境能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Hydrogen production system and method utilizing garbage |
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