CN108395897A - A kind of biomass roasting charcoal preparation method of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted based on carrier gas - Google Patents

A kind of biomass roasting charcoal preparation method of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted based on carrier gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108395897A
CN108395897A CN201810330908.7A CN201810330908A CN108395897A CN 108395897 A CN108395897 A CN 108395897A CN 201810330908 A CN201810330908 A CN 201810330908A CN 108395897 A CN108395897 A CN 108395897A
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biomass
carrier gas
energy
time
economizing
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CN201810330908.7A
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Inventor
贺诗欣
张聪宇
陈维新
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Priority to CN201810330908.7A priority Critical patent/CN108395897A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
    • C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
    • C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
    • C10B57/10—Drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
    • C10L5/447—Carbonized vegetable substances, e.g. charcoal, or produced by hydrothermal carbonization of biomass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/02—Combustion or pyrolysis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/08—Drying or removing water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2290/00—Fuel preparation or upgrading, processes or apparatus therefore, comprising specific process steps or apparatus units
    • C10L2290/28—Cutting, disintegrating, shredding or grinding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of biomass roasting charcoal preparation method of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted based on carrier gas, belongs to biomass roasting charcoal preparation field.The present invention solves the problems, such as that existing roasting technology energy input is more, roasting time is longer.The method of the present invention：One, it crushes, is sieved after biomass material drying；Two, it is subsequently placed in ceramic crucible, is put into tube furnace, be passed through high pure nitrogen with original air in stripping tube furnace；Three, it is passed through nitrogen oxygen atmosphere again and keeps gas flow, is roasted；Four, continue to keep carrier gas flux after stopping heating thereafter, until micro-wave temperature is down to room temperature；Obtain charcoal fuel.Reaction time of the invention can shorten 30% or more; greatly improve the preparation efficiency of biomass solid fuel; it is achieved in the quick preparation and large-scale production of biomass solid fuel, the possibility for substituting the fossil fuels such as coal is done step-by-step, plays its superior fuel characteristic.

Description

A kind of biomass roasting charcoal preparation method of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted based on carrier gas
Technical field
The invention belongs to biomass to roast charcoal preparation field, and in particular to a kind of life of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted based on carrier gas Substance roasts charcoal preparation method.
Background technology
Biomass roasting is anti-in a kind of biomass mild pyrolysis that normal pressure is oxygen barrier, is carried out under 200~300 DEG C of temperature conditions Technology is answered, biological surface characteristic changes in the process, its final product is commonly referred to as made a living based on solid roasting charcoal Substance roasts charcoal or bio-coal, also less amount of gas and liquid.Biomass can significantly improve its energy by calcination process Thus metric density, abradibility and hydrophobicity can greatly reduce transport and storage cost.Roasting charcoal product has the reason of similar coal Change property, and nitrogen, sulfur content are significantly lower than coal, and coal mixing cofiring and can play the role of effectively reducing greenhouse gases, is A kind of efficient clean energy resource, can partial alternative fossil fuel, alleviate the energy and environmental crisis of facing mankind, have it is wide Development prospect.Biomass roast charcoal is more in external research, mainly in the developed countries and regions such as North America and Europe, state at present The interior research about biomass roasting technology is started late, and just has part scientific research institution to take to biomass roasting charcoal in recent years Research.With the successive appearance of the enhancing of global environmental consciousness, various countries' relevant law and regulation, biomass roasting technology conduct A kind of practicable biomass preconditioning technique starts to obtain worldwide extensive attention.
So far, biomass roasting technology is predominantly stayed in carries out oxygen barrier firing stage by carrier gas of high pure nitrogen, Feature is that biomass material non-oxidation phenomenon during calcination process occurs, and the solid productivity of biological product char is higher, but right Operating condition is more demanding, and compares and expend the time, it is difficult to mass produce.
Invention content
It is a kind of before reducing solid productivity loss and energy yields loss as far as possible present invention is primarily aimed at providing The preparation method for putting the charcoal fuel of the time loss and energy expenditure that shorten calcination process process, existing roasting is solved with this Burning technology energy input is more, the longer problem of roasting time.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the biomass roasting charcoal preparation method of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted the present invention is based on carrier gas It is to be completed by following step：
Step 1: being crushed after biomass material drying, it is sieved；
Step 2: being subsequently placed in ceramic crucible, it is put into tube furnace, is passed through high pure nitrogen with original in stripping tube furnace Air；
Step 3: being passed through nitrogen or nitrogen oxygen atmosphere again and keeping gas flow, roasted；
Step 4: continuing to keep carrier gas flux after stopping heating thereafter, until micro-wave temperature is down to room temperature；Given birth to Object charcoal fuel.
Further limit：Biomass material described in step 1 is stalk, walnut shell, shinyleaf yellowhorn shell or rice husk.
Further limit：The moisture content that biomass material is dried in step 1 is less than 4% (quality).
Further limit：40~60 mesh sieve is crossed in step 1.
Further limit：The total flow of nitrogen oxygen atmosphere described in step 3 is 200~400mL/min.
Further limit：Oxygen volume content is more than 0% and is less than or equal to 20% in nitrogen oxygen atmosphere described in step 3.
Further limit：Step 3 calcination temperature is 250~300 DEG C, and roasting time is 10min~30min.
The present invention can shorten biomass solid fuel preparation time in not off-energy yield.
In roasting process of the present invention, a certain proportion of oxygen is mixed in the carrier gas based on nitrogen, to realize biomass The preliminary oxidation of organic matter in raw material shortens time and the energy input of roasting process on the whole；In 250 DEG C to 300 DEG C ranges Calcination process is carried out to biomass material at interior temperature, to realize the volatilization of biomass moisture removal, small organic molecule And the preliminary depolymerization of larger molecular organics, obtain the biomass solid fuel of energy densification.
The present invention obtains different solid productions by controlling the content of oxygen and calcination temperature and roasting time in carrier gas The biomass fuel of rate, energy yields and calorific value, to realize the diversification of product property.
The heating temperature of the present invention is between 250~300 DEG C, and ratio of nitrogen to oxygen is 1：0 to 4：Between 1, solid productivity, energy Under the conditions of yield and pure nitrogen gas products therefrom under the same conditions when energy yields 80% (such as solid productivity 60%), when reaction Between can shorten 30% or more, greatly improve the preparation efficiency of biomass solid fuel, be achieved in biomass solid fuel Quick preparation and large-scale production, the possibility for substituting the fossil fuels such as coal is done step-by-step, plays its superior fuel characteristic.
The present invention realizes the recycling of abandoned biomass, turns waste into wealth, while energy saving, reduces cost.With with Past biomass roasting technology is compared, the present invention have energy- and time-economizing, carrier gas condition require it is low, convenient for the spies such as large-scale production Point.With the development of society advancement, fossil energy price is constantly soaring, and the non-renewable energy resources such as coal, oil, natural gas disappear Consumption and the yield of biomass castoff increase year by year.Therefore, the recycling of biomass castoff is particularly important.
The present invention is the quantum jump progress of biomass recycling use, and effective profit of biomass resource not only may be implemented With alleviating rural area biomass energy generation surplus and be difficult to digest, avoid the generation of crop straw burning phenomenon and air environmental pollution problem Occur.In addition, the present invention's promotes the use of the demand that can be further increased to rural laborer, rural economic development is pulled, The adjustment for being conducive to the structure of rural undertaking accelerates the paces of modernization construction.Therefore the research and development of the present invention have wide Wealthy application prospect.
Specific implementation mode
Specific implementation mode one：The biomass roasting charcoal preparation side of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted based on carrier gas in present embodiment Method is completed by following step：
Step 1: the moisture content that biomass material is dried to biomass material under the conditions of 105 DEG C is less than 4% (quality), It crushes, crosses 40 mesh sieve；
Step 2: being subsequently placed in ceramic crucible, it is put into tube furnace, is passed through high pure nitrogen (bulk purity 99.99%) With original air in stripping tube furnace；
Step 3: adjusting gas flow meter knob, is passed through the nitrogen oxygen atmosphere that total flow is 300mL/min and keeps gas Flow, nitrogen are 17 with oxygen volume ratio：3, electric heater unit is opened, calcination temperature and roasting time is set and begins to warm up, Calcination temperature is 300 DEG C, roasting time 30min；
Step 4: continuing to keep carrier gas flux after stopping heating thereafter, until micro-wave temperature is down to room temperature；Given birth to Object charcoal fuel (black powder).
Different biomass materials are as follows using one method of specific implementation mode acquisition biomass roasting charcoal particular product performance parameters Shown in table.
Specific implementation mode two：The biomass roasting charcoal preparation side of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted based on carrier gas in present embodiment Method is completed by following step：
Step 1: the moisture content that biomass material is dried to biomass material under the conditions of 105 DEG C is less than 4% (quality), It crushes, crosses 40 mesh sieve；
Step 2: being subsequently placed in ceramic crucible, it is put into tube furnace, is passed through high pure nitrogen (bulk purity 99.99%) With original air in stripping tube furnace；
Step 3: adjusting gas flow meter knob, is passed through the nitrogen oxygen atmosphere that total flow is 300mL/min and keeps gas Flow, nitrogen are 4 with oxygen volume ratio：1, electric heater unit is opened, calcination temperature and roasting time is set and begins to warm up, roast It is 300 DEG C to burn temperature, roasting time 30min；
Step 4: continuing to keep carrier gas flux after stopping heating thereafter, until micro-wave temperature is down to room temperature；Given birth to Object charcoal fuel (black powder).
Specific implementation mode three：The biomass roasting charcoal preparation side of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted based on carrier gas in present embodiment Method is completed by following step：
Step 1: the moisture content that biomass material (stalk) is dried to biomass material under the conditions of 105 DEG C is less than 4% (quality crushes, and crosses 40 mesh sieve；
Step 2: being subsequently placed in ceramic crucible, it is put into tube furnace, is passed through high pure nitrogen (bulk purity 99.99%) With original air in stripping tube furnace；
Step 3: adjusting gas flow meter knob, is passed through the nitrogen oxygen atmosphere that total flow is 300mL/min and keeps gas Flow, nitrogen are 19 with oxygen volume ratio：1, electric heater unit is opened, calcination temperature and roasting time is set and begins to warm up, Calcination temperature is 300 DEG C, roasting time 30min；
Step 4: continuing to keep carrier gas flux after stopping heating thereafter, until micro-wave temperature is down to room temperature；Given birth to Object charcoal fuel (black powder).
Table 1：Biomass roasts charcoal particular product performance parameters table
Biomass material Ash content (%) Calorific value (MJ/kg) Moisture content (%)
Embodiment 1 3.17 24.69 0.77
Embodiment 2 2.45 23.50 0.63
Embodiment 3 1.89 24.44 1.00
Product ash content, moisture content are relatively low known to table 1, and calorific value level is higher, has been approached raw coal, can practical application.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of biomass of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted based on carrier gas roasts charcoal preparation method, it is characterised in that the biomass is micro- The method of wave calcination process is completed by following step：
Step 1: being crushed after biomass material drying, it is sieved；
Step 2: being subsequently placed in ceramic crucible, it is put into tube furnace, is passed through high pure nitrogen with original sky in stripping tube furnace Gas；
Step 3: being passed through nitrogen or nitrogen oxygen atmosphere again and keeping gas flow, roasted；
Step 4: continuing to keep carrier gas flux after stopping heating thereafter, until micro-wave temperature is down to room temperature；Obtain charcoal Fuel.
2. a kind of biomass of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted based on carrier gas roasts charcoal preparation method according to claim 1, special Sign is that biomass material described in step 1 is stalk, walnut shell, shinyleaf yellowhorn shell or rice husk.
3. a kind of biomass of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted based on carrier gas roasts charcoal preparation method according to claim 1, special Sign is that the moisture content that biomass material is dried in step 1 is less than 4% (quality).
4. a kind of biomass of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted based on carrier gas roasts charcoal preparation method according to claim 1, special Sign is to cross 40~60 mesh sieve in step 1.
5. a kind of biomass of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted based on carrier gas roasts charcoal preparation method according to claim 1, special Sign is that the total flow of nitrogen oxygen atmosphere described in step 3 is 200~400mL/min.
6. a kind of biomass of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted based on carrier gas roasts charcoal preparation method according to claim 1, special Sign is that the total flow of nitrogen oxygen atmosphere described in step 3 is 300mL/min.
7. a kind of biomass of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted based on carrier gas roasts charcoal preparation method according to claim 1, special Sign is in nitrogen oxygen atmosphere described in step 3 that oxygen volume content is more than 0% and is less than or equal to 20%.
8. a kind of biomass of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted based on carrier gas roasts charcoal preparation method according to claim 1, special Sign is in nitrogen oxygen atmosphere described in step 3 that nitrogen and oxygen volume ratio are 1:1.
9. a kind of biomass of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted based on carrier gas roasts charcoal preparation method according to claim 1, special Sign is in nitrogen oxygen atmosphere described in step 3 that nitrogen and oxygen volume ratio are 2:1.
10. a kind of biomass of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted based on carrier gas roasts charcoal preparation method according to claim 1, special Sign is that step 3 calcination temperature is 250~300 DEG C, and roasting time is 10min~30min.
CN201810330908.7A 2018-04-13 2018-04-13 A kind of biomass roasting charcoal preparation method of the energy- and time-economizing adjusted based on carrier gas Pending CN108395897A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112210413A (en) * 2020-09-14 2021-01-12 哈尔滨工业大学 Preparation method of straw oxidation roasting carbon fuel

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112210413A (en) * 2020-09-14 2021-01-12 哈尔滨工业大学 Preparation method of straw oxidation roasting carbon fuel

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Application publication date: 20180814