CN108387859B - Analog load for metering calibration, metering calibration instrument and metering calibration system - Google Patents
Analog load for metering calibration, metering calibration instrument and metering calibration system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108387859B CN108387859B CN201810413772.6A CN201810413772A CN108387859B CN 108387859 B CN108387859 B CN 108387859B CN 201810413772 A CN201810413772 A CN 201810413772A CN 108387859 B CN108387859 B CN 108387859B
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- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910001006 Constantan Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 24
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 241000234295 Musa Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/005—Calibrating; Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden" references
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
- G01R1/20—Modifications of basic electric elements for use in electric measuring instruments; Structural combinations of such elements with such instruments
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an analog load for metering calibration, a metering calibration instrument and a metering calibration system. The analog load for metering calibration comprises: loading the rod core; and a shield housing, the first and second ends of the load bar core being electrically connected to the first and second studs of the shield housing by first and second wires, respectively; wherein, the load bar core includes: a die; a resistor; and an inductor connected in series with the resistor, the resistor and the inductor being made by separately winding a resistive coil and an inductive coil on the die, respectively. The simulated load for metering calibration provided by the invention is convenient for debugging the simulated load, can ensure that the structure of the simulated load is compact, and reduces the intermediate wiring between the resistance and the inductance of the simulated load, thereby effectively controlling the distribution parameters of the simulated load.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metering calibration, in particular to an analog load for metering calibration, a metering calibration instrument and a metering calibration system.
Background
National standard/ISO standard GB/T21437.2-2008/ISO 7637-2: the 2004 road vehicle is characterized in that the electric transient conduction of the 2 nd part along the power line caused by conduction and coupling is widely adopted by road vehicle manufacturers at home and abroad in practice, and becomes an important technical standard in the field. To ensure accuracy, reliability and uniformity of test results, the standard suggests that the test system employed must be calibrated by magnitude traceability using a simulated load with specified parameters.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the wiring of a prior art analog load using standard resistors and standard inductors.
The standard resistor 101 in fig. 1 generally adopts a high-power standard resistor with power consumption of 200W or more and weight of about 8kg, while the standard inductor 102 needs to adopt a high-power standard inductor, so that no commercial product exists at present, and the self-manufacturing is required.
As can be seen in fig. 1, the existing analog load 100 has an intermediate connection 103 electrically connected between a standard resistor 101 and a standard inductor 102.
The above-mentioned prior art analog load has at least the following drawbacks: (1) Because more intermediate wiring is adopted, the distribution parameters (such as distributed capacitance, residual inductance, lead resistance and the like) of the analog load cannot be controlled, and the inductance value and the resistance value required by the standard cannot be met; (2) inconvenient use.
Therefore, there is a need for a calibration analog load that has an inductance value and a resistance value that meet standard requirements and that is convenient to use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an analog load for metering calibration, a metering calibration instrument and a metering calibration system, which are used for solving the technical problems that distribution parameters cannot be effectively controlled and are inconvenient to use due to more intermediate wiring in the prior art.
One aspect of the present invention provides an analog load for metering calibration, comprising: loading the rod core; and a shield housing, the first and second ends of the load bar core being electrically connected to the first and second studs of the shield housing by first and second wires, respectively; wherein, the load bar core includes: a die; a resistor; and an inductor connected in series with the resistor, the resistor and the inductor being made by separately winding a resistive coil and an inductive coil on the die, respectively.
Preferably, the load bar core further comprises: the first fastening piece is arranged at the first end of the resistance coil; a second fastener disposed at a second end of the resistive coil and a first end of the inductive coil, the first fastener and the second fastener configured to secure the resistive coil to the die; and a third fastener disposed at a second end of the inductor coil, the second fastener and the third fastener configured to secure the inductor coil to the die; wherein the inductance is connected in series with the resistance through the second fastener.
Preferably, the die is made of a ceramic material.
Preferably, the resistive coil is made by winding a constantan resistive wire on the first portion of the die.
Preferably, the inductor coil is made by winding a pure copper enameled wire on the second portion of the die.
Preferably, the load bar core further comprises: and two supporting clamping pieces are respectively arranged at the first end and the second end of the tube core and are configured to fix the load rod core in the shielding shell.
Preferably, the shielding shell comprises a bottom substrate, a front panel, a rear panel, an upper cover plate, a left side substrate, a right side substrate and a support column; wherein the support columns and the load bar cores are fixed on the bottom substrate; the front panel, the rear panel, the upper cover plate, the left side substrate and the right side substrate are fixed on the support columns.
Preferably, the shielding shell further comprises: a left hand grip plate and a right hand grip plate; wherein the left handle plate is fixed on the left base plate; the right handle plate is fixed on the right base plate.
Another aspect of the invention provides a meter calibration instrument comprising the above-described analog load for meter calibration.
Yet another aspect of the invention provides a metrology calibration system comprising: a calibrated device; the above meter calibration instrument.
According to the analog load for metering calibration provided by the invention, the resistor and the inductor of the analog load are manufactured on the same die, meanwhile, the resistor coil and the inductor coil are wound on the die separately, and then the resistor and the inductor are connected in series. The resistor coil and the inductance coil are wound on the same tube core separately, so that the debugging of the simulated load is facilitated, the structure of the simulated load is compact, intermediate wiring between the resistance and the inductance of the simulated load is reduced, the distribution parameters of the simulated load can be controlled effectively, and the inductance value and the resistance value required by the standard are met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art wiring of a simulated load using standard resistors and standard inductors;
FIG. 2 is a schematic overall structure of one embodiment of a simulated load for metrology calibration of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the shield case in fig. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the load bar core of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of one embodiment of a metrology calibration system of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a waveform schematic diagram of the switching time of the test system monitored using the oscilloscope of fig. 5.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
FIG. 2 is a schematic overall structure of one embodiment of a simulated load for metrology calibration of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the shield case 20 in fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the load bar core 30 of fig. 2. The simulated load for metering calibration provided by embodiments of the present invention will be illustrated in conjunction with fig. 2-4.
As shown in fig. 2, the analog load for metering calibration provided by the embodiment of the invention may include: a load bar core 30; and a shield case 20.
Wherein, the first end (e.g., left end in fig. 2, but the present invention is not limited thereto) and the second end (e.g., right end in fig. 2, but the present invention is not limited thereto) of the load bar core 30 may be electrically connected to the first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12 (see fig. 3) of the shield case 20 through a first wire (not shown) and a second wire (not shown), respectively.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12 of the shield case 20 are insulated from the shield case 20.
Wherein the load bar core 30 may further comprise: a die 31; a resistor; and an inductance.
In the embodiment of the invention, the inductor is connected in series with the resistor.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the resistor and the inductor are manufactured by separately winding the resistor coil 32 and the inductor coil 33 on the die 31.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the resistor and the inductor of the analog load are manufactured on the same die 31, and simultaneously, the resistor and the inductor are wound on the die 31 respectively, and then the resistor and the inductor are connected in series. The resistor coil 32 and the inductor coil 33 are wound on the die separately, so that the debugging of the simulated load is facilitated, and the structure of the simulated load can be compact.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the resistive coil 32 and the inductive coil 33 are separately wound on the die 31, which means that they are separated in time and space: spatially, the resistive coil 32 is wound on a first portion of the die 31, the inductive coil 33 is wound on a second portion of the die 31, for example, the first portion may refer to a left end portion of the die 31, the second portion may refer to a right end portion of the die 31, and the first portion and the second portion have no overlapping portions. In other embodiments, the first portion may also refer to a right end portion of die 31, and the second portion may also refer to a left end portion of die 31, as the invention is not limited in this respect. In time, the resistive coil 32 and the inductive coil 33 are separately wound, for example, the resistive coil 32 may be wound on the die 31, then the resistive coil 32 wound on the die 31 is measured to obtain a resistance value thereof, when the resistance index of the resistive coil 32 on the die is adjusted to meet the standard requirement, the inductive coil 33 may be wound on the die 31 again, then the inductive coil 33 and the resistive coil 32 wound on the die 31 are measured to obtain an overall inductance value, and the adjustment is performed to enable the overall inductance value to meet the standard requirement.
In an exemplary embodiment, the shielding case 20 may further include a base substrate 1, a front panel 2, a rear panel 3, an upper cover plate 4, a left side substrate 5, a right side substrate 6, and a support column 9.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the support columns 9 may take the form of metal columns. For example, 6 metal posts 9 may be included. It should be noted that, in other embodiments, any other suitable form may be used, so long as the load bar core 30 and the shielding shell 20 can be made into a simulation load that is easy to be fixed and easy to be detached, and the form is not limited to the form of the support column. In addition, when the form of the metal posts is adopted, the number of the metal posts may be more or less, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
In embodiments of the present invention, the support columns 9 and load bar cores 30 may be fixed to the base substrate 1. For example, 6 metal posts 9 may be vertically fixed to the base substrate 1 in any suitable manner.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the load bar core 30 may be fixed to the bottom substrate 1 of the shield shell 20 by, for example, 4 screws/bolts.
For example, the base substrate 1 may be made of a thick metal plate (e.g., 2-5mm, but the present invention is not limited thereto), and 10 screw holes may be provided thereon. Wherein 4 screw holes among the 10 screw holes may be used to fix the load bar core 30 to the shield case 20, and 4 screws/screws fix the load bar core 30 to the bottom substrate 1 of the shield case 20 through the 4 screw holes, respectively. The other 6 screw holes of the 10 screw holes may be used to fix the above-mentioned metal posts, for example, 6 metal posts may be fixed to the base substrate 1 by the other 6 screws/screws and the corresponding other 6 screw holes.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the fixing forms are all the forms of screw holes and screws, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any other suitable fixing forms may be used. In addition, the number of screw holes, the positions of the screw holes, and the number of corresponding screws/screws in the embodiment of the present invention are all used for illustration, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the corresponding fixing manner, number, and positions may be selected according to specific application occasions.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the front panel 2, the rear panel 3, the upper cover plate 4, the left side substrate 5 and the right side substrate 6 may be fixed on the support column 9.
In an exemplary embodiment, the front panel 2 and/or the rear panel 3 and/or the upper cover plate 4 and/or the left side substrate 5 and/or the right side substrate 6 may be perforated with small holes of a predetermined shape.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the front panel 2 may be made of a metal plate, and the metal plate of the front panel 2 may be provided with small holes in a preset shape such as a strip shape or a net shape, which can be used for preventing touch on one hand, and is beneficial to heat dissipation of the dummy load on the other hand, and meanwhile, can ensure electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the dummy load.
In an exemplary embodiment, the front panel 2 may be provided with a socket 10 insulated from the shield case 20; wherein the socket 10 may comprise said first terminal 11 and said second terminal 12.
With continued reference to fig. 3, the receptacle 10 may employ a banana receptacle. The front panel 2 is provided with 2 banana sockets insulated from the shielding shell, and each banana socket is connected with both ends of the load bar core 30 by the first wire and the second wire respectively.
As shown in fig. 3, the front panel 2 may be fixed to the corresponding 3 metal posts through 3 screw holes.
In the embodiment of the invention, the rear panel 3 can also be made of a metal plate, and the metal plate of the rear panel 3 can also be provided with strip-shaped or net-shaped small holes with preset shapes, and the like, so that the rear panel can be used for preventing touch on one hand, is beneficial to heat dissipation of a simulation load on the other hand, and can also ensure electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the simulation load.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the rear panel 3 may be fixed to the corresponding 3 metal posts through 3 screw holes.
In the embodiment of the invention, the upper cover plate 4 can also be made of a metal plate, and the metal plate of the upper cover plate 4 can be provided with small holes in a preset shape such as a strip shape or a net shape, so that the upper cover plate can be used for preventing touch on one hand, is beneficial to simulating heat dissipation of a load on the other hand, and can also ensure electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the load on the other hand.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the upper cover plate 4 may be fixed to the corresponding 6 metal posts through 6 screw holes.
In the embodiment of the invention, the left side substrate 5 can also be made of a metal plate, and the metal plate of the left side substrate 5 can also be provided with small holes in a preset shape such as a strip shape or a net shape, so that the invention can be used for preventing touch on one hand, is beneficial to heat dissipation of a simulation load on the other hand, and can also ensure electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the simulation load.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the left base plate 5 may be fixed to the corresponding 2 metal posts through 4 screw holes.
In an exemplary embodiment, the shielding housing 20 may further include: a left handle panel 7 and/or a right handle panel 8; wherein, the left handle plate 7 can be fixed on the left base plate 5; the right handle panel 8 may be fixed to the right base panel 6.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the left handle plate 7 may be fixed to the left base plate 5 through 6 screw holes.
In an exemplary embodiment, the middle of the left handle panel 7 and/or the right handle panel 8 may have a groove 71 of a preset size.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the left handle plate 7 may be made of a metal plate, and the middle may have a slot of 12mm x 10mm x 8mm, for example, so as to facilitate lifting and moving of the dummy load, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, any form of facilitating lifting of the dummy load may be adopted.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the right substrate 6 may have the same structure as the left substrate 5, and may be interchanged with each other.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the right handle panel 8 may be identical to the left handle panel 7 in structure and may be interchanged with each other.
In an exemplary embodiment, the shielding shell 20 may be made of metal. The shielding shell in the embodiment of the invention adopts a metal shielding shell structure, so that electromagnetic interference can be reduced, and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness is ensured.
In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the load bar core 30 may further include: a first fastener may be disposed at a first end of the resistive coil 32; a second fastener may be disposed at a second end of resistive coil 32 and a first end of inductive coil 33, the first and second fasteners may be configured to secure resistive coil 32 to die 31; and a third fastener disposed at a second end of inductor coil 33, the second fastener and the third fastener being configured to secure inductor coil 33 to die 31; wherein the inductance and the resistance are connected in series through the second fastener.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first, second and third fasteners may each be a staple 34, for example, the first fastener corresponds to the left-hand staple 34 in FIG. 4, the second fastener corresponds to the middle staple 34 in FIG. 4, and the third fastener corresponds to the right-hand staple 34 in FIG. 4.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first fastener may be coupled to the first wire and the third fastener may be coupled to the second wire.
In the embodiment of the invention, the load bar core 30 can only adopt 2 wires, and the series connection between the inductor and the resistor can be realized through the middle U-shaped wiring fastening nail 34. Therefore, on one hand, the manufacturing of the simulated load is simpler, the cost is lower, and the structure of the simulated load is more compact; on the other hand, the intermediate wiring between the resistance and the inductance of the analog load can be reduced, so that the distribution parameters (such as the distribution capacitance, the residual inductance, the lead resistance and the like) of the analog load can be effectively controlled, the inductance value and the resistance value required by the standard can be met, and the use is convenient.
However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and for example, the load bar core 30 may further employ 4 wires, 1 wire is connected to each of both ends of the inductor to be connected to the first and second terminals of the load-simulating shield case 20, 1 wire is connected to each of both ends of the resistor to be connected to the third and fourth terminals of the load-simulating shield case 20, and the resistor and the inductor may be connected to each other by another wire to achieve series connection between the resistor and the inductor.
In an exemplary embodiment, die 31 may be made of a ceramic material.
The load bar core 30 in the embodiment of the invention adopts a core made of ceramic material, and can ensure the strong insulation and temperature characteristics of the core. The ceramic die used here can be guaranteed to be resistant to temperatures above 300 ℃ and has a low temperature coefficient. Ceramic die 31 may be used to wind resistive coil 32 and inductive coil 33.
The temperature characteristic referred to herein is a characteristic in which the resistance value changes with a change in temperature, and a current generates heat in a resistor to raise the temperature of the resistor, thereby causing a change in the resistance value of the resistor.
In an exemplary embodiment, the resistive coil 32 may be fabricated using constantan wire wound on the first portion of the die 31.
In the embodiment of the invention, the resistor can be manufactured by adopting a high-precision constantan wire, wherein the high-precision constantan wire is a material for manufacturing a standard resistor, and has extremely high long-term stability and extremely low temperature coefficient.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the resistor coil 32 is formed by winding a high-precision constantan resistor wire on the ceramic die 31. For example, the resistor coil 32 is secured to the die 31 at each end thereof with a U-shaped wire fastener 34 for preventing the resistor coil 32 from moving and slackening on the die 31. Here, a U-shaped wire fastener 34 at one end, e.g., the left end, of the resistive coil 32 may also serve as a terminal of the resistor, connecting the first wire and electrically connecting to the first terminal of the banana socket of the shielding shell 20 through the first wire.
In an exemplary embodiment, the resistance value of the resistive coil 32 may be 0.58Ω, and the inductance value of the resistive coil 32 may be 2.0 μh@1khz.
In an exemplary embodiment, the inductor 33 may be fabricated using pure copper enameled wire wound on the second portion of the die 31.
In the embodiment of the invention, the inductor can be made of a pure copper wire, and the influence of the inductance coil on the resistance can be avoided when the inductor is wound due to extremely low resistivity of the pure copper wire, so that when the resistance reaches the resistance index requirement of the analog load after the resistance is wound, the resistance coil is accompanied with a certain inductor, and then the inductor is wound on the tube core, so that the total inductance of the analog load reaches the inductance index requirement of the analog load.
In the embodiment of the invention, the resistive coil 32 and the inductive coil 33 are wound separately on the two ends of the tube core 31, and the middle is connected by a U-shaped wire fastening nail 34.
In the embodiment of the invention, the resistor can be made of a high-precision constantan wire, and the inductor can be made of a pure copper wire, because if the resistor and the inductor are made of the same material, for example, the resistor and the inductor are made of constantan wires or pure copper wires, the requirements of the inductance and the resistance of the analog load are required to be met at the same time, and the debugging is very difficult.
In an exemplary embodiment, the resistance value of the inductor 33 may be 0.02 Ω, and the inductance value of the inductor 33 may be 48.0 μh@1khz.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, inductor 33 is fabricated by winding a pure copper enameled wire onto ceramic die 31. The inductor 33 is secured to the ceramic core 31 at each end thereof with a U-shaped wire fastener 34 for preventing movement and relaxation of the inductor 33.
With continued reference to fig. 4, an intermediate U-shaped wire fastener 34 may be common to the resistive coil 32 and the inductive coil 33, ensuring electrical connection of the resistor and the inductor. Two U-shaped wire fasteners 34 on either side may also be used simultaneously as posts for the load bar core 30 to connect the first and second wires, respectively.
In an exemplary embodiment, the resistance value of the analog load may be 0.60 Ω, and the inductance value of the analog load may be 50.0 μh@1khz.
For example, the total parameters after the inductance coil 33 and the resistance coil 32 are connected in series are: inductance value: 50.0 μH@1kHz, maximum allowable error: + -0.5 muH; direct current resistance value: 0.60 Ω, maximum allowable error: + -0.01Ω.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when the total parameter after the series connection of the resistive coil 32 and the inductive coil 33 does not meet the above-mentioned resistance index requirement, the resistance may be adjusted by any one or more of the following methods:
changing the wire length of the resistive coil 32; and/or
Changing the cross-sectional area of the resistive coil 32; and/or
The material used for the resistive coil 32 is changed.
When the total parameter of the resistor coil 32 and the inductor coil 33 after being connected in series does not meet the above-mentioned inductance value index requirement, the inductance can be adjusted by any one or more of the following methods:
changing the number of turns of the inductance coil 33; and/or
Changing the pitch of the inductor 33; and/or
The coil diameter of the inductance coil 33 is changed.
In the embodiment of the invention, assuming that the die is made of ceramic material, the diameter of the die is already determined, the constantan resistance wire is already selected for the resistance coil 32, the coil diameter of the resistance coil 32 is already selected, the pure copper wire is already selected for the inductance coil 33, and the coil diameter of the inductance coil 33 is already selected, the resistance can be adjusted by changing the length of the wire of the resistance coil 32, and the number of turns of the wire of the inductance coil 33 can be changed to adjust the inductance.
In an exemplary embodiment, the load bar core 30 may further include: two support clamps 35, which may be disposed at the first and second ends of the die 31, respectively, may be configured to secure the load bar core 30 within the shield housing 20.
In an exemplary embodiment, both support clamps 35 may be L-shaped hard metal (e.g., stainless steel, tin-plated iron, etc.) support clamp plates.
In an exemplary embodiment, the load bar core 30 may further include: a first fastening bolt and a second fastening bolt; wherein, screw holes can be formed in the middle of the upper parts of the two supporting clamping pieces 35; the first and second fastening bolts may pass through two support clamps 35 and the die 31, respectively.
Wherein, for example, the first fastening bolt and the second fastening bolt may each be a fastening long bolt 36.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the two support clamps 35 and the core 31 do not move relative to each other after being fastened using the fastening bolts 36, resulting in a strong load bar core 30.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the lower parts of the two supporting and clamping members 35 are respectively provided with a screw hole, and the load bar core 30 is fixed on the bottom base plate 1 through the screw holes.
In an exemplary embodiment, the size of the load bar core 30 and/or the shield housing 20 corresponds to a predetermined indicator of the simulated load.
For example, in applications for meter calibration of transient conduction test systems for vehicle electronics, the predetermined index requirements for a typical simulated load are as follows:
(1) Inductance value: 50.0 μH@1kHz, maximum allowable error: + -0.5 muH;
(2) Direct current resistance value: 0.60 Ω, maximum allowable error: (+ -0.01 omega;
(3) Maximum power consumption current: 25A or more; resistance change is less than 1% @25A or more, 1min;
(4) Electromagnetic shielding effectiveness: > 40dB@10MHz.
The shielding shell may have an external dimension of 200× corresponding to the predetermined index200×500mm 3 。
It should be noted that, when there are different technical requirements, the size of the analog load in the embodiment of the present invention will be different, but the implementation principle is not changed.
When the index changes, the analog load in the invention is correspondingly adjusted:
for example, when the maximum current required is greater than 25A, adjustments should be made to the following parameters:
the resistor coil adopts a thicker precise constantan resistor wire to ensure lower temperature rise and ensure that the resistance change rate is less than 1%. In comparison, to ensure that the resistive coils have the same resistance value of 0.58 Ω, longer wires are required for the resistive coils. In order to ensure that the resistance coils have the same inductance value, the pitch of the resistance coils is also increased so as to ensure that the inductance value of the resistance coils is still: 2.0 μH@1kHz.
The inductance may be calculated using the following formula:
L＝(0.01*D*N*N)/(S/D+0.44) (1)
in the formula (1), L is the inductance of the coil, and the unit is μH;
d is the diameter of the coil, and the unit is cm;
n is the number of turns of the coil, and the unit is the turns;
s is the coil length in cm.
The pitch calculation may use the following formula:
H＝S/N (2)
in the formula (2), H is the coil pitch, and the unit is cm;
n is the number of turns of the coil, and the unit is the turns;
s is the coil length in cm.
On the other hand, the inductor coil needs to use thicker pure copper wires to ensure a lower temperature rise. Because the wire diameter of the inductance coil becomes thick, the pitch of the inductance coil becomes large, and the inductance coil needs more turns, so that the inductance value of the inductance coil can still be ensured to be: 48.0 μH@1kHz.
Accordingly, as the resistive and inductive conductors become thicker and longer, other dimensions become correspondingly larger, including, for example: ceramic die, outer shield shell, etc.
As described above, the analog load for metering calibration provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a load bar core and a shielding shell. The first end and the second end of the load bar core are electrically connected to the first binding post and the second binding post of the shielding shell through a first wire and a second wire respectively. Wherein the load bar core may further comprise: a die; a resistor; and an inductor connected in series with the resistor, the resistor and the inductor being formed by separately winding the resistor coil and the inductor coil on the die. Therefore, the simulation load is convenient to debug by winding the resistance coil and the inductance coil on the same tube core separately, and the simulation load can be compact in structure.
The present invention does not exclude the use of different inductance and resistance index requirements for other criteria, and can be readily adapted to meet the requirements of these criteria in accordance with the principles and embodiments of the present invention.
In the exemplary embodiment, the simulated load for metering calibration may be used as a simulated load for metering calibration of a transient conduction test system of an in-vehicle electronic device, but the invention is not limited thereto and may be applied to any suitable application scenario.
In other embodiments, the simulated load is simple to use, high in accuracy, good in repeatability and good in thermal stability, and can meet standard requirements, so that the accuracy and reliability of metering calibration of a transient conduction test system of the vehicle-mounted electronic equipment can be guaranteed.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a metering calibration instrument, which can comprise the analog load for metering calibration according to any embodiment.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also provides a metering calibration system, which can comprise: a calibrated device; and a metrology calibration instrument as in any one of the embodiments above.
The above-described metrology calibration instrument and metrology calibration system are described below with reference to fig. 5.
In order to calibrate the waveform of a standard transient conduction signal output by, for example, a transient conduction test system of an in-vehicle electronic device, it is necessary to use an oscilloscope as a standard instrument for calibration, and to connect an analog load for specifying a parameter index to a signal output terminal of the test system.
FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of one embodiment of the metrology calibration system of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 5, a metrology calibration system provided by an embodiment of the present invention may include: a calibrated device, which may include a power supply 501, an electronic switch 502, and a switch controller 503, the power supply 501 being electrically connected to an intermediate contact of the electronic switch 502; and a meter calibration instrument, which may be configured to calibrate the calibrated device, the meter calibration instrument may include an oscilloscope 504, a voltage probe 505, and an analog load 506 as described in any of the embodiments above, the analog load 506 may be electrically connected to a normally open contact of the electronic switch 502, the voltage probe 505 may be electrically connected in parallel with the analog load 506 to the normally open contact, and the switch controller 503 may be configured to cause the electronic switch 502 to turn on the analog load 506; oscilloscope 504 may be configured to record a voltage waveform on analog load 506 and measure waveform parameters of the voltage waveform.
The specific description of the analog load 506 in this embodiment may refer to the content in the foregoing embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
In an embodiment of the present invention, an analog load 506 is used when calibrating the switching characteristics of the electronic switch 502. The method can comprise the following calibration steps:
(1) The wiring is as shown in fig. 5. The power supply 501, electronic switch 502 and switch controller 503 are calibrated devices, and the oscilloscope 504, voltage probe 505 and analog load 506 are metering calibration instruments.
(2) The power supply 501 is connected to an intermediate contact of the electronic switch 502, the analog load 506 is connected to a normally open contact of the electronic switch 502, and the voltage probe 505 is connected in parallel with the analog load 506.
(3) The switch controller 503 is turned on and the electronic switch 502 turns on the analog load 506, the oscilloscope 504 records the voltage waveform on the analog load 506, and measures the waveform parameters.
Fig. 6 is a waveform schematic diagram of a switching time T of the test system monitored using the oscilloscope of fig. 5. The key parameter for measuring the switching characteristics of the electronic switch 502 is the "fall time of the voltage waveform", i.e. the switching time T in fig. 6, where U 0 For the initial voltage, Δu is the drop voltage, T is the time of (10% -90%) Δu, and the relevant standard has strict requirements on T, and the requirements of the standard need to be met by measuring T.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the described embodiments in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive of the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. An analog load for metering calibration, comprising:
loading the rod core; and
a shield housing, the first and second ends of the load bar core being electrically connected to the first and second studs of the shield housing by first and second wires, respectively;
wherein, the load bar core includes:
a die;
a resistor; and
an inductor connected in series with the resistor, the resistor and the inductor being made by separately winding a resistive coil and an inductive coil on the die,
the load bar core further comprises:
the first fastening piece is arranged at the first end of the resistance coil;
a second fastener disposed at a second end of the resistive coil and a first end of the inductive coil, the first fastener and the second fastener configured to secure the resistive coil to the die; and
a third fastener disposed at a second end of the inductor coil, the second fastener and the third fastener configured to secure the inductor coil to the die;
wherein the inductance is connected in series with the resistance through the second fastener;
the resistive coil is made by winding a constantan resistive wire on a first portion of the die;
the inductor coil is fabricated by winding a pure copper enameled wire on a second portion of the die.
2. A simulated load for metrology calibration as claimed in claim 1, wherein said die is fabricated from a ceramic material.
3. The simulated load for metrology calibration of claim 1, wherein the load bar core further comprises:
and two supporting clamping pieces are respectively arranged at the first end and the second end of the tube core and are configured to fix the load rod core in the shielding shell.
4. The analog load for metrology calibration of claim 1, wherein the shield enclosure comprises a bottom substrate, a front panel, a rear panel, an upper cover plate, a left side substrate, a right side substrate, and support columns;
wherein the support columns and the load bar cores are fixed on the bottom substrate; the front panel, the rear panel, the upper cover plate, the left side substrate and the right side substrate are fixed on the support columns.
5. The analog load for metering calibration of claim 4, wherein the shielded enclosure further comprises:
a left hand grip plate and a right hand grip plate;
wherein the left handle plate is fixed on the left base plate; the right handle plate is fixed on the right base plate.
6. A meter calibration instrument comprising the meter calibration analog load of any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. A metrology calibration system, comprising:
a calibrated device; and the meter calibration instrument of claim 6.
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| CN201810413772.6A CN108387859B (en) | 2018-05-02 | 2018-05-02 | Analog load for metering calibration, metering calibration instrument and metering calibration system |
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| CN201810413772.6A CN108387859B (en) | 2018-05-02 | 2018-05-02 | Analog load for metering calibration, metering calibration instrument and metering calibration system |
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| CN108387859A CN108387859A (en) | 2018-08-10 |
| CN108387859B true CN108387859B (en) | 2023-11-21 |
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