CN108387185B - On-site rock mass structural plane deformation long-term monitoring device and method based on electronic system - Google Patents
On-site rock mass structural plane deformation long-term monitoring device and method based on electronic system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108387185B CN108387185B CN201810304540.7A CN201810304540A CN108387185B CN 108387185 B CN108387185 B CN 108387185B CN 201810304540 A CN201810304540 A CN 201810304540A CN 108387185 B CN108387185 B CN 108387185B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
Abstract
A long-term monitoring device method of deformation of on-site rock mass structural plane based on electronic system, the apparatus includes laser emission part, laser receiving part; the laser emitting component comprises a laser emitter; the laser receiving component comprises a fixing plate and a plurality of photoelectric sensors arranged on the fixing plate; each photoelectric sensor is respectively connected with the controller, and the laser emitter is connected with the controller through a timer. The method comprises positioning, initial measurement, real-time measurement and comparison. The invention preferably avoids the unicity of monitoring the deformation of the structural plane of the rock mass in the field, and overcomes the limitation of monitoring time of the deformation of the structural plane of the rock mass in the complex environment in the field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention is practical for monitoring the deformation of a rock mass structural plane, in particular to an electronic monitoring device for the opening deformation and the shearing deformation of the rock mass structural plane under a long-term complex environment in the field.
Background
Joints and cracks in a rock mass structural plane bear deformation such as extrusion, opening and shearing under the action of ground stress, the deformation part of the rock mass structural plane is a key part for stress release or concentration, and the property of the deformation part usually controls the stability of the whole rock mass structure and is also a key part for determining the stability of a side slope. The development of the rock mass structural plane directly influences the deformation stability of the side slope, and the stable side slope in the early stage is likely to develop towards the unstable direction, so the deformation monitoring of the rock mass structural plane is very important for the research of rock mass engineering. Under the action of gravity and other factors, on one hand, the opening of the structural plane is cracked, and on the other hand, the shear deformation occurs along the structural plane, so that the field monitoring on the deformation of the structural plane of the jointed rock mass is more important, and further, basic data are provided for the stability of the deformation of the slope.
At present, there are many deformation monitoring methods for the structural surface of the field rock mass, the test cost of a precision instrument and an electronic monitoring device is high, the implementation difficulty is large, and the complex environment (such as engineering construction, temperature and humidity change and the like) of field monitoring is difficult to meet. Deformation monitoring of a slope rock mass structural plane has important significance for slope stability research, and the existing measuring device is lack of an installation checking part in the installation process, the checking is not perfect enough in a field environment, and errors caused in the installation process of the device are difficult to avoid; compared with most measuring devices, the single-point test is carried out, the test error is large, the single-point test is easy to fail, and the existing measuring device is difficult to be applied to the field complex environment and monitor the deformation of the rock mass structural plane.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an on-site rock mass structural plane deformation long-term monitoring device based on an electronic system, which can solve the problems of complex environment and incapability of simultaneously considering deformation influences in the normal direction and the shearing direction, realize bidirectional monitoring on the deformation of the rock mass structural plane under the complex environment and does not need long-time close observation by long personnel.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a long-term monitoring device for deformation of an on-site rock mass structural plane based on an electronic system comprises a laser emitting component and a laser receiving component;
the laser emitting component comprises a laser emitter;
the laser receiving component comprises a fixing plate and a plurality of photoelectric sensors arranged on the fixing plate;
each photoelectric sensor is respectively connected with the controller, and the laser emitter is connected with the controller through a timer.
Furthermore, the monitoring device comprises a solar panel which is connected with a storage battery,
the laser transmitter, the photoelectric sensor, the temperature sensor, the timer and the controller are respectively communicated with the storage battery.
Furthermore, the laser emitting component also comprises a rotating base driven by a rotating motor, the laser emitter is arranged on the rotating base, and the rotating motor is connected with the controller through a timer;
the laser receiving component at least comprises two fixing plates, and each fixing plate is provided with a plurality of photoelectric sensors.
A long-term monitoring method for deformation of an on-site rock mass structural plane based on an electronic system comprises positioning, initial measurement, instant measurement, checking, real-time measurement and comparison;
the positioning is carried out by positioning the central positions of a plurality of photoelectric sensors on the fixing plate, sequentially marking central position points A1\ A2\ A3 … An on a plane, and connecting adjacent central position points A1\ A2\ A3 … An by straight lines to form a positioning plane diagram;
in the initial measurement, a fixing plate is placed on one side of a structural surface, a laser emitter is placed on the other side of the structural surface, the laser emitter is started to emit laser, a photoelectric sensor on the fixing plate receives a laser signal, and a central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal is marked on a positioning plane diagram, namely an initial position point;
the real-time measurement is that after the initial position is determined, a laser emitter is started immediately to emit laser to the direction of the fixing plate, and a central position point corresponding to a photoelectric sensor receiving a laser signal is marked on a positioning plane graph to obtain a real-time position point;
and in the checking, the initial position point and the instant position point are compared on a plane graph, if the initial position point and the instant position point are overlapped, the device is proved to be reasonably installed, the real-time measurement of the structural plane can be carried out, otherwise, if the initial position point and the instant position point are not overlapped, the device is proved to be unreasonable to install, and further installation and inspection are required.
In the real-time measurement, a laser emitter is started to emit laser towards the direction of a fixed plate at regular time, and a central position point corresponding to a photoelectric sensor receiving a laser signal is marked on a positioning plane diagram, namely a real-time position point;
and comparing the initial position point with the real-time position point on the plane graph, calculating the difference between the initial position point and the real-time position point, and calculating the average value of the difference, namely the monitored deformation value of the slope structural surface.
Preferably, the method comprises bidirectional positioning, bidirectional initial measurement, instant measurement, checking, real-time measurement and comparison;
the bidirectional positioning is that the central positions of a plurality of photoelectric sensors on two fixing plates are respectively fixed, the photoelectric sensor on one fixing plate is sequentially marked with a central position point A1\ A2\ A3 … An on a plane, then adjacent central position points A1\ A2\ A3 … An are connected by a straight line to form a first positioning plane diagram, meanwhile, the photoelectric sensor on the other fixing plate is sequentially marked with a central position point B1\ B2\ B3 … Bn on the other plane, and then adjacent central position points B1\ B2\ B3 … Bn are connected by a straight line to form a second positioning plane diagram;
the bidirectional initial measurement comprises the steps that one fixing plate is placed on an a position on one side of a structural surface, the other fixing plate is placed on a b position on one side of the structural surface, a laser emitter is placed on the other side of the structural surface, the laser emitter is started to emit laser, a photoelectric sensor on the a position fixing plate receives a laser signal, a central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal is marked on a first positioning plane map, namely a first initial position point, the laser emitter rotates and emits the laser, a photoelectric sensor on the b position fixing plate receives the laser signal, and a central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal is marked on a second positioning plane map, namely a second initial position point;
the real-time measurement is that after the initial position is determined, a laser emitter is started immediately to emit laser to the direction of the a-position fixing plate, a central position point corresponding to a photoelectric sensor receiving a laser signal is marked on a first positioning plane diagram, namely a first real-time position point, the laser emitter is started at fixed time and rotates to emit laser to the direction of the b-position fixing plate, and a central position point corresponding to a photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal is marked on a second positioning plane diagram, namely a second real-time position point;
and the checking is to respectively compare the first initial position point with the first instant position point and the second initial position point with the second instant position point on the plan view, if the two points are overlapped, the device is proved to be reasonably installed, the real-time measurement of the structural plane can be carried out, otherwise, if the two points are not overlapped, the device is proved to be unreasonably installed, and further installation and inspection are required.
In the real-time measurement, a laser emitter is started at regular time to emit laser to the direction of an a-position fixing plate, a central position point corresponding to a photoelectric sensor receiving a laser signal is marked on a first positioning plane diagram, namely a first real-time position point, the laser emitter is started at regular time and rotates to emit laser to the direction of a b-position fixing plate, and a central position point corresponding to a photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal is marked on a second positioning plane diagram, namely a second real-time position point;
and comparing, namely comparing the first initial position point with the first real-time position point and the second initial position point with the second real-time position point on the plane graph respectively, and averaging the two groups of position changes to obtain the deformation change of the structural surface.
Another preferred method comprises three-way positioning, three-way initial measurement, instant measurement, check, real-time measurement and comparison;
the three-direction positioning is carried out by fixing points on a plurality of photoelectric sensors on a first fixing plate, taking the distance from the first fixing plate to a light-collecting emitter as radius, respectively positioning the other two fixing plates on two sides of the first fixing plate at the same angle, respectively fixing the three fixing plates on the same cambered surface, sequentially marking the central position points A1\ A2\ A3 … An of the photoelectric sensors on the first fixing plate on a plane, then connecting the adjacent central position points A1\ A2\ A3 … An by using a straight line to form a first positioning plane diagram, simultaneously sequentially marking the central position points B1\ B2\ B3 … Bn of the photoelectric sensors on a second fixing plate on a plane, then connecting the adjacent central position points B1\ B2\ B3 … Bn by using a straight line to form a second positioning plane diagram, sequentially marking the central position points C383 \ C737 \ C42 on a plane of the photoelectric sensors on the third fixing plate, then, adjacent central positions C1\ C2\ C3 … Cn points are connected by straight lines to form a third positioning plane diagram;
the three-way initial measurement comprises the steps of placing a first fixing plate at a position a on one side of a structural surface, placing a second fixing plate at a position b on one side of the structural surface, placing a third fixing plate at a position c on one side of the structural surface, placing a laser emitter at the other side of the structural surface, starting the laser emitter to emit laser, receiving a laser signal by a photoelectric sensor on the a-position fixing plate, marking a central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal on a first positioning plane diagram, namely a first initial position point, rotating the laser emitter by a certain angle and emitting the laser, receiving the laser signal by a photoelectric sensor on the b-position fixing plate, marking a central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal on a second positioning plane diagram, namely a second initial position point, rotating the laser emitter by a certain angle again and emitting the laser, receiving the laser signal by a photoelectric sensor on the c-position fixing plate, marking a central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal on a third positioning plane diagram, namely a third initial position point; connecting the three initial positions into a plane to obtain the initial centroid position point
The real-time measurement is that after the initial position is determined, a laser emitter is started immediately to emit laser to the direction of the a-position fixing plate, a central position point corresponding to a photoelectric sensor receiving a laser signal is marked on a first positioning plane diagram, namely a first real-time position point, the laser emitter is started regularly and rotates to emit laser to the direction of the b-position fixing plate, a central position point corresponding to a photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal is marked on a second positioning plane diagram, namely a second real-time position point, the laser emitter is started regularly and rotates to emit laser to the direction of the c-position fixing plate, and a central position point corresponding to a photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal is marked on a third positioning plane diagram, namely a third real-time position point; three instantaneous positions are connected into a plane to obtain the instantaneous centroid position point
And in the checking, the initial centroid position point and the instant centroid position point are respectively compared on a plane diagram, if the initial centroid position point and the instant centroid position point are overlapped, the device is proved to be reasonably installed, the real-time measurement of the structural plane can be carried out, otherwise, if the initial centroid position point and the instant centroid position point are not overlapped, the device is proved to be unreasonably installed, and further installation and inspection are required.
In the real-time measurement, a laser emitter is started at regular time to emit laser to the direction of an a-position fixing plate, a central position point corresponding to a photoelectric sensor receiving a laser signal is marked on a first positioning plane diagram, namely a first real-time position point, the laser emitter is started at regular time and rotates to emit laser to the direction of a b-position fixing plate, a central position point corresponding to a photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal is marked on a second positioning plane diagram, namely a second real-time position point, the laser emitter is started at regular time and rotates to emit laser to the direction of a c-position fixing plate, and a central position point corresponding to a photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal is marked on a third positioning plane diagram, namely a third real-time position point,
and comparing, namely, drawing initial centroid position points of a triangle formed by the initial position points of the three fixing plates on the plane diagram, respectively calculating real-time centroid position points of the triangle formed by the real-time position points of the three fixing plates in different time, and calculating the average value of the initial centroid position points and the real-time centroid position points by comparison to know the deformation change of the structural plane.
The invention has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient operation, suitability for field complex environment, high monitoring precision and better stability, can realize the measurement only by the timed emission of laser, can finish the whole process in a short time, and can improve the accuracy of the measurement by arranging a plurality of receiving laser positions.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a current photograph of a structural plane of a typical slope rock body.
FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of an on-site rock mass structural plane deformation long-term monitoring device based on an electronic system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the positioning plane.
FIG. 4 is a first installation schematic diagram of the on-site rock mass structural plane deformation long-term monitoring device based on an electronic system.
FIG. 5 is a comparative schematic.
FIG. 6 is a preferable structural schematic diagram of the on-site rock mass structural plane deformation long-term monitoring device based on an electronic system.
FIG. 7 is a second installation schematic diagram of the on-site rock mass structural plane deformation long-term monitoring device based on an electronic system.
FIG. 8 is a third installation schematic diagram of the on-site rock mass structural plane deformation long-term monitoring device based on an electronic system.
As shown in the figure, the laser emitting device 1, the laser receiving device 2, the controller 3, the timer 4, the solar cell panel 5, the storage battery 6, the laser emitter 11, the rotating motor 12, the rotating base 13, the fixing plate 21, and the photoelectric sensor 22.
Detailed Description
As shown in figure 2, the on-site rock mass structural plane deformation long-term monitoring device based on the electronic system comprises a laser emitting component 1 and a laser receiving component 2;
the laser emitting component 1 includes a laser emitter 11;
the laser receiving part 2 comprises a fixing plate and eight photoelectric sensors 22 arranged on the fixing plate 21 (the smaller the size of the photoelectric sensors 22 can be, the greater the measurement accuracy of the device is);
each photoelectric sensor 22 is respectively connected with the controller 3, the laser emitter 11 is connected with the controller 3 through the timer 4, and preferably, the controller 3 is in data connection with a remote terminal through a remote network.
Preferably, the monitoring device comprises a solar panel 5, the solar panel 5 is connected with a storage battery 6, and the solar panel 5 transmits electric energy to the storage battery 6 in real time in the field, so that the electric energy supply of the whole device is ensured;
the laser emitter 11, the photoelectric sensor 22, the timer 4 and the controller 3 are respectively communicated with the storage battery 6.
A long-term monitoring method for deformation of an on-site rock mass structural plane based on an electronic system comprises positioning, initial measurement, instant measurement, checking, real-time measurement and comparison;
in the positioning, the central positions of the plurality of photosensors on the fixing plate 21 are fixed, and central position points A1\ a2\ A3 … A8 are sequentially marked on a plane (preferably, the distance between A1a1\ a2\ A3 … A8 is equal to the distance between adjacent photosensors 22 of the real fixing plate 21, and the distance between the adjacent photosensors may also be reduced or enlarged in an equal ratio), and then adjacent central position points A1\ a2\ A3 … A8 are connected by a straight line to form a positioning plane map (as shown in fig. 3), which may be a paper and may be an electronic screen;
for the initial measurement, as shown in FIG. 4, the fixing plate 21 is disposed on one side of the structural surface, and the laser emitter 11 is disposed on the other sideStarting the laser emitter 11 to emit laser on the other side of the structural surface, receiving a laser signal by a photoelectric sensor 22 on the fixing plate 21, and marking a central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor 22 receiving the laser signal on a positioning plane diagram, namely an initial position point D (X)A0,YA0,ZA0)；
And the instant measurement is to immediately start the laser emitter to emit laser to the direction of the fixed plate after the initial position is determined, and mark the central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal on a positioning plane diagram, namely the instant position point D '(X'A0,Y'A0,Z'A0)；
The checking compares the initial position point D (X) on the plane diagramA0,YA0,ZA0) And the instantaneous position point D '(X'A0,Y'A0,Z'A0) If the two are overlapped, the installation of the device is proved to be reasonable, and the real-time measurement of the structural plane can be carried out, otherwise, if the two are not overlapped, the installation of the device is proved to be unreasonable, and further installation inspection is needed.
In the real-time measurement, the laser emitter 11 is started at regular time (started at regular time by the timer 4) to emit laser to the direction of the fixing plate 21, and the central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor 22 receiving the laser signal is marked on the positioning plane diagram, namely the real-time position point M (X)A1,YA1,ZA1)；
The comparison, as shown in FIG. 5, compares the first initial position point D (X) on the plan viewA0,YA0,ZA0) And a first real-time location point M (X)A1,YA1,ZA1) And averaging the position changes to obtain the deformation change of the structural surface.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, the laser emitting component 1 further includes a rotating base 13 driven by a rotating motor 12, the laser emitter 11 is disposed on the rotating base 13, the rotating motor 12 is connected to the controller 3 through a timer 4, the timer 4 sends a signal to the controller 3 at regular time to start the rotating motor 12 to rotate, and the rotating motor 12 rotates to drive the rotating base 13 to rotate;
the laser receiving part comprises two fixing plates 21, and eight photoelectric sensors 22 are respectively arranged on each fixing plate 21.
A long-term monitoring method for deformation of an on-site rock mass structural plane based on an electronic system comprises bidirectional positioning, bidirectional initial measurement, instant measurement, checking, real-time measurement and comparison;
the bidirectional positioning is to perform fixed point positioning on the central positions of 8 photoelectric sensors 22 on two fixing plates 21 respectively, mark the central position points A1\ A2\ A3 … A8 of the photoelectric sensor 22 on one fixing plate 21 on a plane in sequence, connect the adjacent central position points A1\ A2\ A3 … A8 with straight lines to form a first positioning plane diagram, mark the central position points B1\ B2\ B3 … B8 of the photoelectric sensor 22 on the other fixing plate 21 on another plane in sequence, and connect the adjacent central position points B1\ B2\ B3 … B8 with straight lines to form a second positioning plane diagram;
the bidirectional initial measurement is, as shown in fig. 7, one of the fixing plates 21 is placed at a position a on one side of the structural surface, the other fixing plate 21 is placed at b position (the a position and the b position are respectively connected with the rotating base 13, the included angle formed by the connecting positions can be any angle, preferably 90 degrees), the laser emitter 11 is placed at the other side of the structural surface, the laser emitter 11 is started to emit laser, a photoelectric sensor 22 on the a position fixing plate receives a laser signal, and a central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor 22 which receives the laser signal is marked on a first positioning plane diagram (the process can be automatically marked by a controller), namely a first initial position point D1(X is an X initial position point D1 (the process can be automatically marked by the controller)A0,YA0,ZA0) When the laser emitter is rotated to emit laser, one of the photoelectric sensors 22 on the b-position fixing plate 21 receives the laser signal, and the center position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor 22 receiving the laser signal is marked on the second positioning plane, i.e., a second initial position point D2 (X)B0,YB0,ZB0)；
The instant measurement is that after the initial position is determined, the laser emitter 11 is started immediately to emit laser to the direction of the a-position fixing plate 21 at regular time, and the central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor 22 receiving the laser signal is marked on the first positioning plane diagram, namely the first position isTime position point D1'(X'A0,Y'A0,Z'A0) The laser emitter 11 is started at a fixed time and rotates to emit laser towards the direction of the b-position fixing plate 21, and the central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor 22 receiving the laser signal is marked on the second positioning plane map, namely a second instantaneous position point D2'(X'B0,Y'B0,Z'B0)；
The checks are compared with the first initial position points D1 (X) on the plan view, respectivelyA0,YA0,ZA0) And a first immediate location point (X'A0,Y'A0,Z'A0) And a second initial position point D2 (X)B0,YB0,ZB0) And a second immediate location point (X'B0,Y'B0,Z'B0) If the two are overlapped, the installation of the device is proved to be reasonable, and the real-time measurement of the structural plane can be carried out, otherwise, if the two are not overlapped, the installation of the device is proved to be unreasonable, and further installation inspection is needed.
In the real-time measurement, the laser emitter 11 is started to emit laser in the direction of the a-position fixing plate 21 at regular time, and the central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor 22 receiving the laser signal is marked on the first positioning plane diagram, namely the first real-time position point (X)A1,YA1,ZA1) The laser transmitter 11 is started at a fixed time and rotates to transmit laser to the b-position fixing plate 21, and the central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor 22 receiving the laser signal is marked on the second positioning plane diagram, i.e. the second real-time position point (X)B1,YB1,ZB1)；
Comparing the first comparison initial position point D1 (X) on the plan viewA0,YA0,ZA0) And a first real-time location point M1 (X)A1,YA1,ZA1) And a second initial position point D2 (X)B0,YB0,ZB0) And a second real-time location point M2 (X)B1,YB1,ZB1) And averaging the two groups of position changes to obtain the deformation change of the structural surface.
Preferably, the method for monitoring the deformation of the structural plane of the on-site rock mass based on the electronic system for a long time (the method is suitable for monitoring large-section fault rocks) comprises three-dimensional positioning, three-dimensional initial measurement, instant measurement, checking, real-time measurement and comparison;
the three-way positioning is performed by respectively fixing the central positions of the plurality of photoelectric sensors on the at least three fixing plates as shown in fig. 8, the photoelectric sensor on the first fixing plate sequentially marks the central position points A1\ A2\ A3 … An on a plane, then connecting the adjacent central positions A1\ A2\ A3 … An by straight lines to form a first positioning plane diagram, meanwhile, the photoelectric sensor on the second fixing plate sequentially marks the central position points B1\ B2\ B3 … Bn on one plane, then, the adjacent center positions B1\ B2\ B3 … Bn are connected by a straight line to form a second positioning plane diagram, the center position points C1\ C2\ C3 … Cn of the photoelectric sensor on the third fixing plate are marked on one plane in turn, then, adjacent central positions C1\ C2\ C3 … Cn points are connected by straight lines to form a third positioning plane diagram;
the three-way initial measurement comprises the steps of placing a first fixing plate at a position a on one side of a structural surface, placing a second fixing plate at a position b on one side of the structural surface, placing a third fixing plate at a position c on one side of the structural surface, placing a laser emitter at the other side of the structural surface, starting the laser emitter to emit laser, receiving a laser signal by a photoelectric sensor on the a-position fixing plate, marking a central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal on a first positioning plane diagram, namely a first initial position point, rotating the laser emitter by a certain angle and emitting the laser, receiving the laser signal by a photoelectric sensor on the b-position fixing plate, marking a central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal on a second positioning plane diagram, namely a second initial position point, rotating the laser emitter by a certain angle again and emitting the laser, receiving the laser signal by a photoelectric sensor on the c-position fixing plate, marking a central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal on a third positioning plane diagram, namely a third initial position point;
the real-time measurement is that after the initial position is determined, the laser emitter is started immediately to emit laser to the direction of the a-position fixing plate, and the photoelectric sensor which receives the laser signal corresponds to the middleThe heart position point is marked on a first positioning plane map, namely a first instantaneous position point (X'A0,Y'A0,Z'A0) The laser emitter is started at fixed time and rotates to emit laser towards the direction of the b-position fixing plate, and the central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal is marked on the second positioning plane diagram, namely the second instant position point (X'B0,Y'B0,Z'B0) The laser emitter is started at fixed time and rotates to emit laser towards the direction of the c-position fixing plate, and the central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal is marked on a third positioning plane diagram, namely a third instant position point (X'C0,Y'C0,Z'C0) (ii) a Three instantaneous positions are connected into a plane, and a time-limited centroid position point (X 'is obtained'0,Y'0,Z'0)；
The checking compares the initial centroid position points (X) on the plane diagram0,Y0,Z0) And instantaneous centroid position point (X'0,Y'0,Z'0) If the two are overlapped, the installation of the device is proved to be reasonable, and the real-time measurement of the structural plane can be carried out, otherwise, if the two are not overlapped, the installation of the device is proved to be unreasonable, and further installation inspection is needed.
In the real-time measurement, a laser emitter is started to emit laser towards the direction of the a-position fixing plate at regular time, and a central position point corresponding to a photoelectric sensor receiving a laser signal is marked on a first positioning plane diagram, namely a first real-time position point (X)A1,YA1,ZA1) The laser emitter is started at regular time and rotates to emit laser to the direction of the b-position fixing plate, and the central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal is marked on a second positioning plane diagram, namely a second real-time position point (X)B1,YB1,ZB1) The laser emitter is started at regular time and rotates to emit laser to the direction of the c-position fixing plate, and the central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal is marked on a third positioning plane diagram, namely a third real-time position point (X)C1,YC1,ZC1) (ii) a Three real-time positions are connected into a plane to obtain a real-time centroid position point (X)1,Y1,Z1)
The comparison can be performed on the plane map with the initial centroid location point (X)0,Y0,Z0) Real-time centroid location point (X) at different times1,Y1,Z1) The movement of the centroid is judged by the comparison, and the deformation motion of the structural plane can be known. The more the measured position points are, the higher the monitoring data precision is, and the more accurate the deformation monitoring of the slope rock mass structural surface is.
Claims (1)
1. An on-site rock mass structural plane deformation long-term monitoring method based on an electronic system is characterized in that: the monitoring device utilized by the method comprises a laser emitting component and a laser receiving component;
the laser emitting component comprises a laser emitter;
the laser receiving component comprises a fixing plate and a plurality of photoelectric sensors arranged on the fixing plate;
each photoelectric sensor is respectively connected with a controller, and the laser transmitter is connected with the controller through a timer;
the monitoring device comprises a solar panel, the solar panel is connected with a storage battery,
the laser emitter, the photoelectric sensor, the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the timer and the controller are respectively communicated with the storage battery;
the laser emitter and the photoelectric sensor are used for accurately measuring the distance between a laser emitting point and the photoelectric sensor on the fixing plate so as to obtain the spatial position of each sensor, the resolution can reach 1nm at most, the response time can reach 1ms, and the device can be applied to the temperature of between 20 ℃ below zero and 55 ℃;
the temperature sensor measures the change of environmental temperature, the humidity sensor measures the change of environmental humidity, and the deformation of the rock structural surface is corrected according to the expansion and contraction coefficients of the rock under different temperature and humidity conditions;
the laser emitting component also comprises a rotating base driven by a rotating motor, the laser emitter is arranged on the rotating base, and the rotating motor is connected with the controller through a timer;
the laser receiving part at least comprises three fixed plates, and each fixed plate is provided with a plurality of photoelectric sensors;
the method comprises three-way positioning, three-way initial measurement, instant measurement, checking, real-time measurement and comparison;
the three-direction positioning is carried out by positioning a plurality of photoelectric sensors on a first fixing plate, taking the distance from the first fixing plate to a laser emitter as radius, respectively positioning the other two fixing plates on two sides of the first fixing plate at the same angle, respectively positioning the three fixing plates on the same cambered surface, sequentially marking the central position points A1\ A2\ A3 … An of the photoelectric sensors on the first fixing plate on a plane, then connecting the adjacent central position points A1\ A2\ A3 … An by using a straight line to form a first positioning plane diagram, simultaneously sequentially marking the central position points B1\ B2\ B7 Bn of the photoelectric sensors on the second fixing plate on a plane, then connecting the adjacent central position points B1\ B2\ B3 … Bn by using a straight line to form a second positioning plane diagram, sequentially marking the central position points C383 \ C737 42 \ C3884 of the photoelectric sensors on the third fixing plate on a plane, then, adjacent central positions C1\ C2\ C3 … Cn points are connected by straight lines to form a third positioning plane diagram;
the three-dimensional initial measurement is to place a position on one side of the structural surface with first piece of fixed plate, place b position on one side of the structural surface with second piece of fixed plate, place c position on one side of the structural surface with third piece of fixed plate, place the structural surface opposite side with laser emitter, start laser emitter and emit laser, a certain photoelectric sensor on the a position fixed plate receives laser signal, mark the central point that corresponds to the photoelectric sensor that receives laser signal on first location plan, namely first initial position point (X)A0,YA0,ZA0) Rotating the laser emitter by a certain angle and emitting laser, marking a central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal on a second positioning plane graph by a photoelectric sensor on the b-position fixing plate after the photoelectric sensor receives the laser signal, namely a second initial position point (X)B0,YB0,ZB0) Rotating the laser transmitter by a certain angle again and transmittingLaser, a photoelectric sensor on the c-position fixing plate receives the laser signal, and the central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal is marked on a third positioning plane diagram, namely a third initial position point (X)C0,YC0,ZC0) (ii) a Three initial positions are connected into a plane to obtain an initial centroid position point (X)0,Y0,Z0)；
And in the instant measurement, after the initial position is determined, the laser emitter is started immediately to emit laser to the direction of the a-position fixing plate, and the central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal is marked on a first positioning plane diagram, namely a first instant position point (X'A0,Y'A0,Z'A0) The laser emitter is started at fixed time and rotates to emit laser towards the direction of the b-position fixing plate, and the central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal is marked on the second positioning plane diagram, namely the second instant position point (X'B0,Y'B0,Z'B0) The laser emitter is started at fixed time and rotates to emit laser towards the direction of the c-position fixing plate, and the central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal is marked on a third positioning plane diagram, namely a third instant position point (X'C0,Y'C0,Z'C0) (ii) a Three instantaneous positions are connected to form a plane, and an instantaneous centroid position point (X'0,Y'0,Z'0)；
The checking compares the initial centroid position points (X) on the plane diagram0,Y0,Z0) And instantaneous centroid position point (X'0,Y'0,Z'0) If the two are superposed, the device is proved to be reasonably installed, and the real-time measurement of the structural plane can be carried out, otherwise, if the two are not superposed, the device is proved to be unreasonable to install, and further installation inspection is needed;
in the real-time measurement, a laser emitter is started to emit laser towards the direction of the a-position fixing plate at regular time, and a central position point corresponding to a photoelectric sensor receiving a laser signal is marked on a first positioning plane diagram, namely a first real-time position point (X)A1,YA1,ZA1) The laser transmitter is started at fixed time and rotates to the b positionEmitting laser in the board direction, and marking the corresponding central position point of the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal on a second positioning plane diagram, namely a second real-time position point (X)B1,YB1,ZB1) The laser emitter is started at regular time and rotates to emit laser to the direction of the c-position fixing plate, and the central position point corresponding to the photoelectric sensor receiving the laser signal is marked on a third positioning plane diagram, namely a third real-time position point (X)C1,YC1,ZC1) (ii) a Three real-time positions are connected into a plane to obtain a real-time centroid position point (X)1,Y1,Z1)
The comparison can be performed on the plane map with the initial centroid location point (X)0,Y0,Z0) Real-time centroid location point (X) at different times1,Y1,Z1) Comparing, namely judging the movement of the centroid through comparison, and accordingly knowing the deformation motion of the structural plane; the more the measured position points are, the higher the monitoring data precision is, and the more accurate the deformation monitoring of the slope rock mass structural surface is.
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