CN108375713A - A kind of novel power grid functional failure travelling wave positioning method and system - Google Patents
A kind of novel power grid functional failure travelling wave positioning method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108375713A CN108375713A CN201810072800.2A CN201810072800A CN108375713A CN 108375713 A CN108375713 A CN 108375713A CN 201810072800 A CN201810072800 A CN 201810072800A CN 108375713 A CN108375713 A CN 108375713A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
- Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of novel power grid functional failure travelling wave positioning method and systems.Fault point is recorded after certain transmission line malfunction of this method in power grid generates the time that transient state travelling wave signal reaches each substation, settling time matrix；The shortest path that fault traveling wave is propagated is calculated using dijkstra's algorithm, shortest path distance matrix is established, calculating matrix is obtained after amendment；Fault distance is calculated using calculating matrix and time matrix, establishes fault distance matrix；Validity identification is carried out to the element in fault distance matrix, and comprehensive all effective fault distances obtain the exact position of fault point on transmission line of electricity.The system includes traveling wave detector device, the first structure module, both-end locating module, the second structure module and effective identification module.The method and system of the present invention, fault location precision are higher；In the case that the wave number that can be expert at is adopted according to leakage and accidentally adopted, remains to realize exact failure positioning, realize that process is simple and practicable, have broad application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric system power fault traveling wave field of locating technology, more particularly to a kind of novel power grid fault traveling wave
Localization method and system.
Background technology
A kind of transmission state of traveling wave, that is, plane wave on the transmission line, amplitude exponentially change along the direction of propagation,
Phase is changed along transmission line by linear rule, is investigated from adjacent moment t1 and t1+ △ t, it can be found that waveform is at any time
Increase and is moved to the terminal of transmission line.The Travelling Wave Fault Location method of electrical power trans mission/distribution system is the wave resistance according to wave on transmission line
The reflection characteristic of discontinuous node is resisted to determine the distance of fault point.It is to ensure electric system that electric network functional failure travelling wave, which is positioned with protection,
The key technology of safe and reliable operation, since traveling wave method positioning principle is simple, positioning accuracy is high and has not by transition resistance, is
The particular advantages such as the system method of operation, system oscillation and the influence of long line distribution capacity, become the hot spot studied both at home and abroad.With China
The continuous expansion of electric system scale and the continuous improvement to power grid security reliability requirement, it is fixed to carry out electric network functional failure travelling wave failure
Position technical research promotes traveling wave technical application, has important scientific meaning and application prospect.
Through being continually striving to for lot of domestic and foreign experts and scholars, traveling wave location technology reaches its maturity, but the traveling wave of AC network
Location technology still has many deficiencies.Electric network functional failure travelling wave location technology has much at present, can be divided by the position of its acquisition
Single-ended positioning mode and multiterminal positioning mode and network positions method etc..Single-ended positioning mode is according to the transmission theory of wave, known to velocity of wave
In the case of, the initial traveling wave and fault point back wave that are generated using failure reach the time difference of monitoring point to calculate fault point
Position, multiterminal positioning mode are the initial traveling waves generated in circuit double-end monitor failure, using traveling wave reach both-end time difference and
Fault distance is obtained by calculation in velocity of wave.However, the segmentation scheme in the Travelling Wave Fault Location achievement in research having disclosed at present,
Fault location can be effectively realized in the simple power grid of network structure, but more complicated in electric network composition, especially face polycyclic
When net electric network composition, due to being difficult to effectively simplify network structure so that looped network solution net operation is complicated, data processing amount is big, operation
Precision reduces, and fault location error is larger.
To sum up, when Travelling Wave Fault Location scheme in the prior art exists in face of the complex electric networks structure such as multi-ring network power grid without
The technical issues of fault point is accurately positioned in method.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel power grid functional failure travelling wave positioning method and systems, to solve prior art row
The existing technology in face of fault point can not be accurately positioned when the complex electric networks structures such as multi-ring network power grid of wave fault location scheme is asked
Topic.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes：
A kind of novel power grid functional failure travelling wave positioning method, including step：
The initial traveling wave that fault point in record target area power grid generates reaches the time of all substations, settling time
Matrix T；
Calculate what fault traveling wave was propagated using dijkstra's algorithm (Dijkstra's algorithm is also Dijkstra algorithm)
Shortest path establishes shortest path distance matrix L, calculating matrix L ' is obtained after amendment；
It chooses shortest path successively from the calculating matrix L ', and the corresponding time is chosen from the time matrix T
Element calculates fault distance d using the both-end location algorithm in travelling wave positioning methodij；
According to the action Judging fault transmission line of electricity of protection device circuit breaker, an end segment of the faulty transmission line is chosen
Point c is reference mode, by all fault distance dijThe reference mode is converted, conversion fault distance d ' is obtainedij, using institute
There is the conversion fault distance d 'ijEstablish fault distance matrix D；
To all conversion fault distance d ' in fault distance matrix DijValidity identification is carried out, in fault distance matrix D
Weight is arranged in all non-zero effective elements, obtains weight matrix W, resultant fault Distance matrix D and weight matrix W, essence is calculated
True fault distance dc。
Preferably, the step settling time matrix T includes establishing following time matrix T：
T=[t1…ti…tn]
In formula：N is the number of substation, t1,t2…ti…tnIndicate that the initial traveling wave that fault point generates reaches power transformation respectively
Stand 1,2 ... the time of i ... n；
The step establishes shortest path distance matrix L, specifically includes step：
Assuming that sharing n node in topological structure of electric figure, access line length assigns weight matrix V as weights, construction：
Wherein：
In formula：lijIt indicates the line length between connected node i and node j, (v please be specifyijDefinition)；
According to the line length assigned in weight matrix V, the shortest path between arbitrary two node is calculated using dijkstra's algorithm,
Obtain shortest path distance matrix L：
In formula：LijIndicate shortest path between node i and node j by way of circuit length and.
Preferably, calculating matrix L ' is obtained after the step amendment, specifically includes step：
Shortest path is symmetrical matrix apart from square L, and each shortest path is undirected path, Lij=Lji, to avoid repeating counting
It calculates, as i ＜ j, enables Lij=0；
When faulty line is not in looped network, by all shortest path element L without faulty lineijIt is modified to 0,
Its element is without correcting；
When faulty line is in looped network, follow these steps to be modified：
1. if shortest path element LijTwo node is and j not in the looped network where faulty line, work as shortest path
Diameter do not have circuit in looped network when, which is modified to 0；When shortest path has circuit in looped network, judge that shortest path is
It is no include faulty line, comprising when without amendment, the shortest path is disconnected from the circuit in looped network otherwise, is gone to step 4.；
2. if shortest path element LijTwo node is and j in the looped network where faulty line, when node i and j
There are one when being faulty line end node, which is modified to 0；Otherwise judge whether shortest path includes faulty line, packet
Containing when without correct, do not include when the shortest path is disconnected from the circuit in looped network, go to step 4.；
3. if shortest path element LijTwo node is and j there are one in the looped network where faulty line, when most short
Path do not have circuit in looped network when, which is modified to 0；When the shortest path and corresponding initial traveling wave arrival time match
It is calculated, fault distance is approximately 0 or is approximately equal to shortest path LijWhen length, by LijElement is modified to 0；Otherwise should
Shortest path disconnects from the circuit in looped network, goes to step 4.；
4. the shortest path between two node is and j is recalculated using dijkstra's algorithm, until shortest path includes failure
Until the shortest path of circuit, using the shortest path comprising faulty line as element L after calculatingijValue；
After all elements are corrected, calculating matrix L ' is obtained.
Preferably, the step calculates fault distance d using the both-end location algorithm in travelling wave positioning methodij, specific to wrap
Include step：
Seek dij：
In formula：dijIndicate that fault point is with a distance from node i on shortest path circuit between node j in node i, LijTable
Show shortest path between node i and node j by way of circuit length and, v indicates that the initial traveling wave that fault point generates is being transmitted electricity
Spread speed on circuit.
Preferably, the step is by all fault distance dijThe reference mode is converted, conversion fault distance is obtained
d′ij, specifically include step：
Seek d 'ij：
d′ij=| dij-dic|
In formula：dicIndicate the shortest distance between node i and node c.
Preferably, the step is to all conversion fault distance d ' in fault distance matrix DijValidity identification is carried out, it is right
Weight is arranged in all non-zero effective elements in fault distance matrix D, obtains weight matrix W, resultant fault Distance matrix D and weight
Accurate fault distance d is calculated in matrix Wc, specifically include step：
A conversion fault distance is chosen from fault distance matrix D, is defined asBy its in fault distance matrix D
All conversion fault distance d 'ijIt is compared as the following formula successively：
In formula：α is error threshold value；
When the number for meeting above formula is more than the half of conversion fault distance number in fault distance matrix D, it is believed that the folding
Calculate fault distanceEffectively；Otherwise it is assumed that it is invalid, it is substituted with 0 value；
The weighing computation method of nonzero element is in fault distance matrix D：
Assuming that in fault distance matrix D each effective element correspond in shortest path by way of substation's number be m, then can set
The weight for setting the element is 1/ (m-1), obtains weight matrix W；
Fault distance dcComputational methods be：
In formula：WijFor fault distance matrix D effective element dijWeight.
The present invention also provides a kind of novel power grid fault traveling wave positioning systems, including：
Traveling wave detector device, all substations being installed in the power grid of target area generate for record fault point respectively
Initial traveling wave reach time of each substation；
First structure module is used for settling time matrix T, and calculates fault traveling wave using dijkstra's algorithm and propagate most
Short path establishes shortest path distance matrix L, calculating matrix L ' is obtained after amendment；
Both-end positions calculations module, for choosing shortest path successively from the calculating matrix L ', and from the time
Corresponding time element is chosen in matrix T, and fault distance d is calculated using the both-end location algorithm in travelling wave positioning methodij；
Second structure module chooses the event for the action Judging fault transmission line of electricity according to protection device circuit breaker
The end node c for hindering transmission line of electricity is reference mode, by all fault distance dijThe reference mode is converted, conversion event is obtained
Hinder distance d 'ij, utilize all conversion fault distance d 'ijEstablish fault distance matrix D；
Effective identification module, for all conversion fault distance d ' in fault distance matrix DijValidity identification is carried out,
Weight is arranged to all non-zero effective elements in fault distance matrix D, obtains weight matrix W, resultant fault Distance matrix D and power
Weight matrix W, is calculated accurate fault distance dc。
Preferably, the first structure module, is used for：
Establish following time matrix T：
T=[t1…ti…tn]
In formula：N is the number of substation, t1,t2…ti…tnIndicate that the initial traveling wave that fault point generates reaches power transformation respectively
Stand 1,2 ... the time of i ... n；
Assuming that sharing n node in topological structure of electric figure, access line length assigns weight matrix V as weights, construction：
Wherein：
In formula：lijIt indicates the line length between connected node i and node j, (v please be specifyijDefinition)；
According to the line length assigned in weight matrix V, the shortest path between arbitrary two node is calculated using dijkstra's algorithm,
Obtain shortest path distance matrix L：
In formula：LijIndicate shortest path between node i and node j by way of circuit length and；
Shortest path is symmetrical matrix apart from square L, and each shortest path is undirected path, Lij=Lji, to avoid repeating counting
It calculates, as i ＜ j, enables Lij=0；
When faulty line is not in looped network, by all shortest path element L without faulty lineijIt is modified to 0,
Its element is without correcting；
When faulty line is in looped network, follow these steps to be modified：
1. if shortest path element LijTwo node is and j not in the looped network where faulty line, work as shortest path
Diameter do not have circuit in looped network when, which is modified to 0；When shortest path has circuit in looped network, judge that shortest path is
It is no include faulty line, comprising when without amendment, the shortest path is disconnected from the circuit in looped network otherwise, is gone to step 4.；
2. if shortest path element LijTwo node is and j in the looped network where faulty line, when node i and j
There are one when being faulty line end node, which is modified to 0；Otherwise judge whether shortest path includes faulty line, packet
Containing when without correct, do not include when the shortest path is disconnected from the circuit in looped network, go to step 4.；
3. if shortest path element LijTwo node is and j there are one in the looped network where faulty line, when most short
Path do not have circuit in looped network when, which is modified to 0；When the shortest path and corresponding initial traveling wave arrival time match
It is calculated, fault distance is approximately 0 or is approximately equal to shortest path LijWhen length, by LijElement is modified to 0；Otherwise should
Shortest path disconnects from the circuit in looped network, goes to step 4.；
4. the shortest path between two node is and j is recalculated using dijkstra's algorithm, until shortest path includes failure
Until the shortest path of circuit, using the shortest path comprising faulty line as element L after calculatingijValue；
After all elements are corrected, calculating matrix L ' is obtained.
Preferably, the both-end positions calculations module is for seeking dij：
In formula：dijIndicate that fault point is with a distance from node i on shortest path circuit between node j in node i, LijTable
Show shortest path between node i and node j by way of circuit length and, v indicates that the initial traveling wave that fault point generates is being transmitted electricity
Spread speed on circuit；
The second structure module, for seeking d 'ij：
d′ij=| dij-dic|
In formula：dicIndicate the shortest distance between node i and node c.
Preferably, effective identification module, is used for：
A conversion fault distance is chosen from fault distance matrix D, is defined asBy its in fault distance matrix D
All conversion fault distance d 'ijIt is compared as the following formula successively：
In formula：α is error threshold value, and α value ranges are 450-550 meters, more preferably, take 500 meters.
When the number for meeting above formula is more than the half of conversion fault distance number in fault distance matrix D, it is believed that the folding
Calculate fault distanceEffectively；Otherwise it is assumed that it is invalid, it is substituted with 0 value；
The weighing computation method of nonzero element is in fault distance matrix D：
Assuming that in fault distance matrix D each effective element correspond in shortest path by way of substation's number be m, then can set
The weight for setting the element is 1/ (m-1), obtains weight matrix W；
Fault distance dcComputational methods be：
In formula：WijFor fault distance matrix D effective element dijWeight.
According to specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses following technique effects：
A kind of novel power grid functional failure travelling wave positioning method provided by the invention and system, certain in the power grid of target area
After transmission line malfunction, fault point generates transient state travelling wave signal, and is propagated to transmission line of electricity both ends, records all substation faults
The initial traveling wave arrival time that point generates, settling time matrix；The most short of fault traveling wave propagation is calculated using dijkstra's algorithm
Path establishes shortest path distance matrix, calculating matrix is obtained after amendment；Using calculating matrix and time matrix calculate failure away from
From establishing fault distance matrix；Validity identification carried out to the element in fault distance matrix, and comprehensive all effective failures away from
From obtaining the exact position of fault point on transmission line of electricity, this method and system provided by the invention, by using calculating matrix L '
With time matrix T, fault distance matrix D is directly established；Without carrying out solution net operation to looped network, avoiding complicated looped network may nothing
The case where method solution net, can also be realized in face of complicated electric network composition and be accurately positioned to fault point, solve prior art power grid
Functional failure travelling wave positioning method needs the technology for facing complicated looped network solution net operation and fault location fails or position error is big to ask
Topic, shows travelling wave positioning method provided by the invention and system through experiment simulation, wave number of being expert at adopts according to leakage, accidentally adopt in the case of
It remains able to realize exact failure positioning, effectively increases reliability and the accuracy of electric network fault positioning.
Description of the drawings
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the present invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, can also be according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of novel power grid functional failure travelling wave positioning method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a typical model example of 500KV transmission line of electricity electric network compositions.
Specific implementation mode
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
To keep the upper technical solution of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is made into one With reference to embodiment
Step detailed description.
Shown in Figure 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of novel power grid functional failure travelling wave positioning methods, including step：
Step S110, record target area power grid in fault point generate initial traveling wave reach all substations when
Between, settling time matrix T.
Step S111 calculates the shortest path that fault traveling wave is propagated using dijkstra's algorithm, establishes shortest path distance
Matrix L obtains calculating matrix L ' after amendment.
Step S112 chooses shortest path, and the selection pair from the time matrix T successively from the calculating matrix L '
The time element answered calculates fault distance d using the both-end location algorithm in travelling wave positioning methodij。
Step S113 chooses the faulty transmission line according to the action Judging fault transmission line of electricity of protection device circuit breaker
The one end node c on road is reference mode, by all fault distance dijThe reference mode is converted, conversion fault distance is obtained
d′ij, utilize all conversion fault distance d 'ijEstablish fault distance matrix D.
Step S114, to all conversion fault distance d ' in fault distance matrix DijCarry out validity identification, to failure away from
From in matrix D, weight is arranged in all non-zero effective elements, obtains weight matrix W, resultant fault Distance matrix D and weight matrix W,
Accurate fault distance d is calculatedc。
A specific embodiment of novel power grid functional failure travelling wave positioning method of the present invention is set forth below, the embodiment is with Fig. 2
Shown in electric network composition be target area power grid carry out fault location.The Fig. 2 show the one of 500KV transmission line of electricity electric network compositions
A typical model example.
First, traveling wave is built according to electric network composition and positions network.Using EMTP simulation softwares to electric network composition shown in Fig. 2
Model progress simulation analysis, 1-8 are eight substations, are generated using substation's traveling wave detector device detection record fault point first
It begins wave arrival time, in view of transition resistance, substation's capacitive apparatus, line parameter circuit value, busbar when building EMTP simulation models
The influence that the factors such as the mode of connection, trap propagate fault traveling wave, circuit is all using the distributed constant for considering that frequency change influences
Model (J.Marti models) is built.
With system shown in Figure 2, respectively from the initial traveling wave arrival time data of all fault points of substation's detection record
Effectively and there are two kinds of situations of ineffective time data to carry out fault traveling wave positioning analysis：
Fault traveling wave positioning analysis includes the following steps when all time datas are effective：
(1) assume circuit 4-6 away from generation singlephase earth fault at the 4th substation 30km, the initial traveling wave of fault point generation
It is propagated in entire power grid, the initial traveling wave time of arrival (toa) detected by each substation, settling time matrix T：
T=[t1…ti…t8]
Matrix element t in above formula1-t8Value correspond to respectively 1 Zhong1-8Ge substations of table record the initial traveling wave in fault point
Arrival time.Referring to table 1, table 1 is initial traveling wave arrival time table.
Table 1
(2) it is constructed according to line length and assigns weight matrix V：
(3) shortest path between arbitrary two node is calculated using dijkstra's algorithm, uses LijIndicate node i and node j it
Between shortest path by way of circuit length and, obtain shortest path distance matrix L：
(4) element of shortest path matrix L is modified, obtains calculating matrix L '：
(5) shortest path is chosen successively from calculating matrix L ', choose the corresponding time from time matrix T is positioned by both-end
Algorithm calculates fault distance dij, traveling wave speed takes 2.96 × 108Meter per second, and using the 4th substation as reference mode, by institute
Faulty distance dijReference mode 4 is converted, fault distance matrix D is obtained：
(6) to all conversion fault distance d ' in fault distance matrix DijValidity identification is carried out, is differentiated the result shows that event
Hinder all conversion fault distance d ' in Distance matrix DijEffectively.
(7) weight is arranged to all effective elements in fault distance matrix D, obtains weight matrix W：
(8) accurate fault distance d is calculated in resultant fault Distance matrix D and weight matrix Wc。
Simulation analysis the result shows that, electric network fault positioning fault distance be 30.020km, the fault distance error is smaller,
And it is smaller than merely with faulty line both ends initial traveling wave arrival time calculated fault distance error, illustrate that electric network fault is fixed
Potential energy improves fault location accuracy to a certain extent.
For there are the fault traveling wave positioning analysis of ineffective time, including following two in all arrival time data of record
Kind situation：
A, it is big to reach time error for the initial traveling wave of faulty line one end substation detection record.
It is assumed that reach time error big for the initial traveling wave of the detection record of substation 4, it is t4=150 μ s, other initial traveling waves
Arrival time is constant, analytical procedure：(1) fault locating analysis walks when-(4) and effective all initial traveling wave arrival time data
Suddenly (1)-(4) are identical；(5) fault distance matrix D is updated to by hypothesis condition：
(6) to all conversion fault distance d ' in fault distance matrix DijValidity identification is carried out, is modified to：
(7) weight is arranged to all effective elements in fault distance matrix D, obtaining weight matrix W is：
(8) accurate fault distance d is calculated in resultant fault Distance matrix D and weight matrix Wc：
B, faulty line one end substation does not detect fault point initial traveling wave arrival time.
It is assumed that substation 6 does not detect travelling wave signal, t at this time6=0 μ s, analytical procedure：(1)-(4) with it is all initial
Fault locating analysis step (1)-(4) are identical when traveling wave arrival time data are effective；(5) fault distance matrix D is：
(6) to all conversion fault distance d ' in fault distance matrix DijValidity identification is carried out, is differentiated the result shows that event
Hinder all conversion fault distance d ' in Distance matrix DijEffectively.
(7) weight is arranged to all effective elements in fault distance matrix D, obtaining weight matrix W is：
(8) accurate fault distance d is calculated in resultant fault Distance matrix D and weight matrix Wc：
Simulation analysis the result shows that, the present invention faulty line end data mistake or other substations detection record fault point
Reliable fault location calculating can be still carried out when initial traveling wave arrival time error in data.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of novel power grid fault traveling wave positioning system, which includes traveling wave detector dress
It sets, first builds module, both-end locating module, the second structure module and effective identification module.
Traveling wave detector device, all substations being installed in the power grid of target area generate for record fault point respectively
Initial traveling wave reach time of each substation；First structure module, is used for settling time matrix T, and utilize Dijkstra
Algorithm calculates the shortest path that fault traveling wave is propagated, and establishes shortest path distance matrix L, calculating matrix L ' is obtained after amendment；It is double
Positions calculations module is held, for choosing shortest path successively from calculating matrix L ', and when choosing corresponding from time matrix T
Between element, utilize both-end location algorithm in travelling wave positioning method to calculate fault distance dij；Second structure module, for according to guarantor
The action Judging fault transmission line of electricity of protection unit breaker, the end node c for choosing the faulty transmission line are reference mode,
By all fault distance dijThe reference mode is converted, conversion fault distance d ' is obtainedij, utilize all conversion failures
Distance d 'ijEstablish fault distance matrix D；Effective identification module, for all conversion fault distances in fault distance matrix D
d′ijValidity identification is carried out, weight is arranged to all non-zero effective elements in fault distance matrix D, obtains weight matrix W, it is comprehensive
Fault distance matrix D and weight matrix W, are calculated accurate fault distance dc。
To sum up, a kind of novel power grid functional failure travelling wave positioning method provided by the invention and system, by using calculating matrix
L ' and time matrix T, directly establishes fault distance matrix D；Without carrying out solution net operation to complicated ring network structure, avoid multiple
The case where heterocycle net possibly can not solve net, thus solve the complicated looped network solution net operation in electric network functional failure travelling wave positioning method with
And the problems such as fault location failure or big position error；The algorithm is identified and is corrected by the validity to fault distance simultaneously,
In the case that the wave number that can be expert at is adopted according to leakage and accidentally adopted, remains to realize that exact failure is positioned using the traveling wave data of the whole network, realize
Journey is simple and practicable, has broad application prospects.
Principle and implementation of the present invention are described for specific case used herein, and above example is said
The bright method and its core concept for being merely used to help understand the present invention；Meanwhile for those of ordinary skill in the art, foundation
The thought of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.In conclusion the content of the present specification is not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of novel power grid functional failure travelling wave positioning method, which is characterized in that including step：
The initial traveling wave that fault point in record target area power grid generates reaches the time of all substations, settling time matrix
T；
The shortest path that fault traveling wave is propagated is calculated using dijkstra's algorithm, establishes shortest path distance matrix L, after amendment
To calculating matrix L '；
It chooses shortest path successively from the calculating matrix L ', and corresponding time element is chosen from the time matrix T,
Fault distance d is calculated using the both-end location algorithm in travelling wave positioning methodij；
According to the action Judging fault transmission line of electricity of protection device circuit breaker, an end node c of the faulty transmission line is chosen
For reference mode, by all fault distance dijThe reference mode is converted, conversion fault distance d ' is obtainedij, utilize all institutes
State conversion fault distance d 'ijEstablish fault distance matrix D；
To all conversion fault distance d ' in fault distance matrix DijValidity identification is carried out, to owning in fault distance matrix D
Weight is arranged in non-zero effective element, obtains weight matrix W, resultant fault Distance matrix D and weight matrix W, is calculated accurate
Fault distance dc。
2. a kind of novel power grid functional failure travelling wave positioning method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that when the step is established
Between matrix T include establish following time matrix T：
T=[t1…ti…tn]
In formula：N is the number of substation, t1,t2…ti…tnIndicate that the initial traveling wave that fault point generates reaches substation 1 respectively,
The time of 2 ... i ... n；
The step establishes shortest path distance matrix L, specifically includes step：
Assuming that sharing n node in topological structure of electric figure, access line length assigns weight matrix V as weights, construction：
Wherein：
In formula：lijIndicate the line length between connected node i and node j, vijIt is long to assign corresponding node and circuit in weight matrix V
The element of degree；
According to the line length assigned in weight matrix V, the shortest path between arbitrary two node is calculated using dijkstra's algorithm, is obtained
Shortest path distance matrix L：
In formula：LijIndicate shortest path between node i and node j by way of circuit length and.
3. a kind of novel power grid functional failure travelling wave positioning method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that after the step is corrected
Calculating matrix L ' is obtained, step is specifically included：
Shortest path is symmetrical matrix apart from square L, and each shortest path is undirected path, Lij=Lji, to avoid computing repeatedly, when
When i ＜ j, L is enabledij=0；
When faulty line is not in looped network, by all shortest path element L without faulty lineijIt is modified to 0, Qi Tayuan
Element is without correcting；
When faulty line is in looped network, follow these steps to be modified：
1. if shortest path element LijTwo node is and j not in the looped network where faulty line, when shortest path does not have
Have circuit in looped network when, which is modified to 0；When shortest path has circuit in looped network, judge whether shortest path wraps
Containing faulty line, including when without correcting, the shortest path is disconnected from the circuit in looped network otherwise, is gone to step 4.；
2. if shortest path element LijTwo node is and j in the looped network where faulty line, when node i and j have one
It is a when being faulty line end node, which is modified to 0；Otherwise judge whether shortest path includes faulty line, including when
Without correcting, the shortest path is disconnected from the circuit in looped network when not including, is gone to step 4.；
3. if shortest path element LijTwo node is and j there are one in the looped network where faulty line, work as shortest path
Do not have circuit in looped network when, which is modified to 0；When the shortest path and corresponding initial traveling wave arrival time pairing carry out
It calculates, fault distance is approximately 0 or is approximately equal to shortest path LijWhen length, by LijElement is modified to 0；Otherwise this is most short
Path disconnects from the circuit in looped network, goes to step 4.；
4. the shortest path between two node is and j is recalculated using dijkstra's algorithm, until shortest path includes faulty line
Shortest path until, using the shortest path comprising faulty line as element L after calculatingijValue；
After all elements are corrected, calculating matrix L ' is obtained.
4. a kind of novel power grid functional failure travelling wave positioning method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the step utilizes
Both-end location algorithm in travelling wave positioning method calculates fault distance dij, specifically include step：
Seek dij：
In formula：dijIndicate that fault point is with a distance from node i on shortest path circuit between node j in node i, LijIndicate node
Between i and node j shortest path by way of circuit length and, v indicate fault point generate initial traveling wave on transmission line of electricity
Spread speed；
The step is by all fault distance dijThe reference mode is converted, conversion fault distance d ' is obtainedij, specifically include step
Suddenly：
Seek d 'ij：
d′ij=| dij-dic|
In formula：dicIndicate the shortest distance between node i and node c.
5. a kind of novel power grid functional failure travelling wave positioning method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the step is to failure
All conversion fault distance d ' in Distance matrix DijValidity identification is carried out, to all non-zero effective elements in fault distance matrix D
Weight is set, obtains weight matrix W, resultant fault Distance matrix D and weight matrix W, accurate fault distance d is calculatedc,
Specifically include step：
A conversion fault distance is chosen from fault distance matrix D, is defined asIt is owned with fault distance matrix D
Convert fault distance d 'ijIt is compared as the following formula successively：
In formula：α is error threshold value；
When the number for meeting above formula is more than the half of conversion fault distance number in fault distance matrix D, it is believed that conversion event
Hinder distanceEffectively；Otherwise it is assumed that it is invalid, it is substituted with 0 value；
The weighing computation method of nonzero element is in fault distance matrix D：Assuming that each effective element corresponds in fault distance matrix D
In shortest path by way of substation's number be m, then can be arranged the element weight be 1/ (m-1), obtain weight matrix W；
Fault distance dcComputational methods be：
In formula：WijFor fault distance matrix D effective element dijWeight.
6. a kind of novel power grid fault traveling wave positioning system, which is characterized in that including：
Traveling wave detector device, all substations being installed in the power grid of target area generate first for record fault point respectively
The wave that begins reaches the time of each substation；
First structure module is used for settling time matrix T, and calculates the shortest path that fault traveling wave is propagated using dijkstra's algorithm
Diameter establishes shortest path distance matrix L, calculating matrix L ' is obtained after amendment；
Both-end positions calculations module, for choosing shortest path successively from the calculating matrix L ', and from the time matrix T
It is middle to choose corresponding time element, calculate fault distance d using the both-end location algorithm in travelling wave positioning methodij；
It is defeated to choose the failure for the action Judging fault transmission line of electricity according to protection device circuit breaker for second structure module
One end node c of electric line is reference mode, by all fault distance dijConvert the reference mode, obtain conversion failure away from
From d 'ij, utilize all conversion fault distance d 'ijEstablish fault distance matrix D；
Effective identification module, for all conversion fault distance d ' in fault distance matrix DijValidity identification is carried out, pair event
Hinder all non-zero effective elements in Distance matrix D and weight is set, obtains weight matrix W, resultant fault Distance matrix D and weight square
Battle array W, is calculated accurate fault distance dc。
7. a kind of novel power grid fault traveling wave positioning system as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the first structure mould
Block is used for：
Establish following time matrix T：
T=[t1…ti…tn]
In formula：N is the number of substation, t1,t2…ti…tnIndicate that the initial traveling wave that fault point generates reaches substation 1 respectively,
The time of 2 ... i ... n；
Assuming that sharing n node in topological structure of electric figure, access line length assigns weight matrix V as weights, construction：
Wherein：
In formula：lijIt indicates the line length between connected node i and node j, (v please be specifyijDefinition)；
According to the line length assigned in weight matrix V, the shortest path between arbitrary two node is calculated using dijkstra's algorithm, is obtained
Shortest path distance matrix L：
In formula：LijIndicate shortest path between node i and node j by way of circuit length and；
Shortest path is symmetrical matrix apart from square L, and each shortest path is undirected path, Lij=Lji, to avoid computing repeatedly, when
When i ＜ j, L is enabledij=0；
When faulty line is not in looped network, by all shortest path element L without faulty lineijIt is modified to 0, Qi Tayuan
Element is without correcting；
When faulty line is in looped network, follow these steps to be modified：
1. if shortest path element LijTwo node is and j not in the looped network where faulty line, when shortest path does not have
Have circuit in looped network when, which is modified to 0；When shortest path has circuit in looped network, judge whether shortest path wraps
Containing faulty line, including when without correcting, the shortest path is disconnected from the circuit in looped network otherwise, is gone to step 4.；
2. if shortest path element LijTwo node is and j in the looped network where faulty line, when node i and j have one
It is a when being faulty line end node, which is modified to 0；Otherwise judge whether shortest path includes faulty line, including when
Without correcting, the shortest path is disconnected from the circuit in looped network when not including, is gone to step 4.；
3. if shortest path element LijTwo node is and j there are one in the looped network where faulty line, work as shortest path
Do not have circuit in looped network when, which is modified to 0；When the shortest path and corresponding initial traveling wave arrival time pairing carry out
It calculates, fault distance is approximately 0 or is approximately equal to shortest path LijWhen length, by LijElement is modified to 0；Otherwise this is most short
Path disconnects from the circuit in looped network, goes to step 4.；
4. the shortest path between two node is and j is recalculated using dijkstra's algorithm, until shortest path includes faulty line
Shortest path until, using the shortest path comprising faulty line as element L after calculatingijValue；
After all elements are corrected, calculating matrix L ' is obtained.
8. a kind of novel power grid fault traveling wave positioning system as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the both-end positioning fortune
Module is calculated for seeking dij：
In formula：dijIndicate that fault point is with a distance from node i on shortest path circuit between node j in node i, LijIndicate node
Between i and node j shortest path by way of circuit length and, v indicate fault point generate initial traveling wave on transmission line of electricity
Spread speed；
The second structure module, for seeking d 'ij：
d′ij=| dij-dic|
In formula：dicIndicate the shortest distance between node i and node c.
9. a kind of novel power grid fault traveling wave positioning system as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that effective identification mould
Block is used for：
A conversion fault distance is chosen from fault distance matrix D, is defined asIt is owned with fault distance matrix D
Convert fault distance d 'ijIt is compared as the following formula successively：
In formula：α is error threshold value；
When the number for meeting above formula is more than the half of conversion fault distance number in fault distance matrix D, it is believed that conversion event
Hinder distanceEffectively；Otherwise it is assumed that it is invalid, it is substituted with 0 value；
The weighing computation method of nonzero element is in fault distance matrix D：
Assuming that in fault distance matrix D each effective element correspond in shortest path by way of substation's number be m, then this can be set
The weight of element is 1/ (m-1), obtains weight matrix W；
Fault distance dcComputational methods be：
In formula：WijFor fault distance matrix D effective element dijWeight.
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