CN113009278B - Power distribution network fault positioning method based on fault traveling wave time detection - Google Patents
Power distribution network fault positioning method based on fault traveling wave time detection Download PDFInfo
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power distribution network fault positioning method based on fault traveling wave time detection, which is characterized in that an inherent distance matrix is established for an existing power distribution network, and an inherent time matrix is established through the inherent distance matrix and traveling wave speed, so that fault section identification and accurate positioning can be directly operated through the time detected by a traveling wave detection device without converting the time into a distance, and the calculation efficiency is improved. The invention realizes the identification of the section where the fault is located by detecting the time of the first traveling wave head reaching the detection point after the fault and establishing a fault section identification matrix based on the traveling wave detection time and by the identification rule. According to the invention, the branches without the traveling wave detection device are accurately identified through the judgment matrix and the judgment rule, so that the fault section identification and the accurate positioning of the fault position can be accurately completed under the condition of configuring a limited number of traveling wave detection devices.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power distribution network fault detection, in particular to a power distribution network fault positioning method based on fault traveling wave time detection.
Background
The distribution network is located at the power grid terminal and is an important component of the power system. The method directly relates to an energy utilization end, is in a key link for guaranteeing the power supply reliability, and has the advantages of wide coverage area, complex network topology and various equipment quantity. The power distribution network faults frequently occur, and once the faults occur, the faults directly lead to power loss of users, so that economic losses are caused. If the fault can be rapidly removed and accurately positioned, operation and maintenance staff can be helped to find the fault point in the shortest time and repair and restore power supply. Therefore, the accurate and reliable power distribution network fault positioning method is a premise of quickly recovering power supply and has important significance for guaranteeing safe and reliable power utilization.
The fault location of the power distribution network mainly depends on the extraction and processing of the existing power grid operation information, and the calculation is carried out through the parameters of the power network, so that the position of the fault in the network is calculated, and the position is rapidly reported to a dispatching center, so that operation and maintenance staff can maintain the fault in the shortest time, and the purpose of rapidly recovering power supply is achieved. The accuracy of fault location depends on the availability of data utilization of current power distribution networks, topological structures and the like. At present, fault location of a power distribution network is mainly divided into an impedance method and a traveling wave method. The impedance method is used for calculating the fault position by utilizing the parameters of the power distribution network line, the method has high requirement on the line parameter precision, the measurement precision is influenced by the aperiodic oscillation component and the transition resistance, and the practical application range is limited. The traveling wave method mainly uses voltage and current traveling wave signals generated during faults, and calculates the fault distance according to the time for transmitting the traveling wave to one or more ends in a power transmission line. The method is not influenced by factors such as fault type, fault point transition resistance, voltage Transformer (TV) and current Transformer (TA) transmission errors, and has good adaptability and wide applicability. However, with the access of a large number of distributed power sources, the number of branches of the power distribution network is increased, the conventional traveling wave positioning method has higher requirements on the configuration number of the traveling wave detection devices, and has poor economy, so that the method is difficult to adapt to the continuously developed power distribution network.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the power distribution network fault positioning method based on fault traveling wave time detection solves the problems that the conventional traveling wave positioning method has higher requirement on the configuration quantity of traveling wave detection devices, has poor economy and is difficult to adapt to continuously developed power distribution networks.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a distribution network fault positioning method based on fault traveling wave time detection, which comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing an inherent distance matrix and an inherent time matrix among power distribution network line nodes;
s2, collecting the time of the first traveling wave detected by all traveling wave detection devices in the power distribution network after the fault occurs to reach the traveling wave detection devices, namely the first time;
s3, acquiring a judgment matrix according to the first time and the inherent time matrix;
s4, judging traveling wave information corresponding to the first time based on a judging matrix to obtain the section position of the fault;
s5, setting a reference node in the position of the fault occurrence section, and obtaining the distance between the fault and the reference node to finish fault positioning.
Further, the specific method of step S1 comprises the following sub-steps:
s1-1, carrying out structural normalization on a network formed by mixing overhead lines and cables in a power distribution network line to obtain normalized power distribution network parameters; the specific method for normalizing the structure comprises the following steps:
according to the formula:
acquisition Length d bc Normalized to the length after overhead wireWherein v is 1 And v 2 The traveling wave speeds of the traveling wave in the overhead line and the cable are respectively; l (L) 1 And L 2 Distributed inductances of the overhead line and the cable respectively; c (C) 1 And C 2 Distributed capacitances of overhead lines and cables, respectively;
s1-2, based on normalized network parameters of the power distribution network, according to the formula:
acquiring an inherent distance matrix D between power distribution network line nodes; wherein g represents the total number of the line nodes of the power distribution network, d m'n' Represents the equivalent overhead line distance after normalization between any two nodes, m '=1, 2, & gt, g, n' =1, 2, >
s1-3, taking all nodes provided with traveling wave detection devices in a power distribution network line as effective nodes, and taking sections provided with traveling wave detection devices at two ends as effective sections;
s1-4, for all effective sections, according to the formula:
acquiring an intrinsic time matrix T d The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein d represents the total number of effective nodes, and d is less than or equal to g; t is t mn The inherent travelling wave transmission time between any two active nodes is denoted m=1, 2.
Further, the specific method of step S3 is as follows:
according to the formula:
adding the first time of any two effective nodes to obtain a time matrix T after fault f The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the method comprises the steps ofAnd->A first time being any two active nodes; />Representing the sum of the arrival time of fault traveling waves detected by any two effective nodes;
according to the formula:
and (3) performing difference on the time matrix after the fault and the inherent time matrix to obtain a judgment matrix delta T.
Further, the specific method of step S4 comprises the following sub-steps:
s4-1, judging whether 0 element exists in the judgment matrix except the main diagonal, if so, enumerating an effective section represented by the 0 element in the judgment matrix, and entering a step S4-2; otherwise, enter step S4-4;
s4-2, acquiring a common section in the listed effective sections, and taking the common section as a fault occurrence section;
s4-3, judging whether the first time of the effective nodes at the two ends of the public section is not equal to 0, if so, judging that the fault is the effective section fault and occurs in the public section, and entering a step S5; otherwise, judging the fault as an effective section fault, judging the effective nodes with the first time of 0 at the two ends of the public section as fault nodes, and entering step S5;
s4-4, taking an effective section corresponding to the minimum element except the main diagonal in the judgment matrix as an effective section closest to the fault, and listing the effective sections with the same minimum value;
s4-5, acquiring a common section in the listed effective sections, taking the common section as a fault occurrence section, namely judging the fault as a branch fault on the effective section, and entering step S5.
Further, the specific method in step S5 is as follows:
if the current fault type is an effective section fault, extracting effective nodes at two ends of the fault section and the first time of the effective nodes, and acquiring the effective nodes, outside the fault section, of which the traveling wave is detected first and the first time of the effective nodes; for the three valid nodes, the valid node on the side of the fault section, which only contains one valid node, is taken as a reference node, and the formula is used for:
obtaining the distance d of the fault from the reference node z * The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Where x and y are the other two active nodes,first time for active node x, +.>The first time, d, is the active node y xy The fault location is completed for the distance between the effective node x and the effective node y; d' and d "are intermediate parameters;
if the current fault type is a branch fault on the active section, then according to the formula:
obtaining the distance d of the effective section with the nearest fault position to the fault f The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein delta isT min The minimum element except the main diagonal in the decision matrix; v 1 And (5) completing fault positioning for the traveling wave speed of the overhead line.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, the inherent distance matrix is established for the existing power distribution network, and the inherent time matrix is established through the inherent distance matrix and the traveling wave velocity, so that the time detected by the traveling wave detection device can be directly calculated through fault section identification and accurate positioning, the calculation efficiency is improved without converting the time into the distance. The invention realizes the identification of the section where the fault is located by detecting the time of the first traveling wave head reaching the detection point after the fault and establishing a fault section identification matrix based on the traveling wave detection time and by the identification rule. According to the invention, the branches without the traveling wave detection device are accurately identified through the judgment matrix and the judgment rule, so that the fault section identification and the accurate positioning of the fault position can be accurately completed under the condition of configuring a limited number of traveling wave detection devices.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a basic topology structure diagram of a power distribution network in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a fault section determination flow chart;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a topology structure of a 10kV power distribution network in an embodiment;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a 10kV distribution network structure simulation in an embodiment;
fig. 6 is a wavelet decomposition calibrated traveling wave arrival time.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and all the inventions which make use of the inventive concept are protected by the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined in the appended claims to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the power distribution network fault positioning method based on fault traveling wave time detection includes the following steps:
s1, constructing an inherent distance matrix and an inherent time matrix among power distribution network line nodes;
s2, collecting the time of the first traveling wave detected by all traveling wave detection devices in the power distribution network after the fault occurs to reach the traveling wave detection devices, namely the first time;
s3, acquiring a judgment matrix according to the first time and the inherent time matrix;
s4, judging traveling wave information corresponding to the first time based on a judging matrix to obtain the section position of the fault;
s5, setting a reference node in the position of the fault occurrence section, and obtaining the distance between the fault and the reference node to finish fault positioning.
The specific method of the step S1 comprises the following substeps:
s1-1, carrying out structural normalization on a network formed by mixing overhead lines and cables in a power distribution network line to obtain normalized power distribution network parameters; the specific method for normalizing the structure comprises the following steps: according to the formula:
acquisition Length d bc Normalized to the length after overhead wireWherein v is 1 And v 2 The traveling wave speeds of the traveling wave in the overhead line and the cable are respectively; l (L) 1 And L 2 Distributed inductances of the overhead line and the cable respectively; c (C) 1 And C 2 Distributed capacitances of overhead lines and cables, respectively;
s1-2, based on normalized network parameters of the power distribution network, according to the formula:
acquiring an inherent distance matrix D between power distribution network line nodes; wherein g represents the total number of the line nodes of the power distribution network, d m'n' Represents the equivalent overhead line distance after normalization between any two nodes, m '=1, 2, & gt, g, n' =1, 2, >
s1-3, taking all nodes provided with traveling wave detection devices in a power distribution network line as effective nodes, and taking sections provided with traveling wave detection devices at two ends as effective sections;
s1-4, for all effective sections, according to the formula:
acquiring an intrinsic time matrix T d The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein d represents the total number of effective nodes, and d is less than or equal to g; t is t mn The inherent travelling wave transmission time between any two active nodes is denoted m=1, 2.
The specific method of the step S3 is as follows: according to the formula:
adding the first time of any two effective nodes to obtain a time matrix T after fault f The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the method comprises the steps ofAnd->A first time being any two active nodes; />Representing the sum of the arrival time of fault traveling waves detected by any two effective nodes;
according to the formula:
and (3) performing difference on the time matrix after the fault and the inherent time matrix to obtain a judgment matrix delta T.
As shown in fig. 3, mn represents any two valid nodes, and the specific method of step S4 includes the following sub-steps:
s4-1, judging whether 0 element exists in the judgment matrix except the main diagonal, if so, enumerating an effective section represented by the 0 element in the judgment matrix, and entering a step S4-2; otherwise, enter step S4-4;
s4-2, acquiring a common section in the listed effective sections, and taking the common section as a fault occurrence section;
s4-3, judging whether the first time of the effective nodes at the two ends of the public section is not equal to 0, if so, judging that the fault is the effective section fault and occurs in the public section, and entering a step S5; otherwise, judging the fault as an effective section fault, judging the effective nodes with the first time of 0 at the two ends of the public section as fault nodes, and entering step S5;
s4-4, taking an effective section corresponding to the minimum element except the main diagonal in the judgment matrix as an effective section closest to the fault, and listing the effective sections with the same minimum value;
s4-5, acquiring a common section in the listed effective sections, taking the common section as a fault occurrence section, namely judging the fault as a branch fault on the effective section, and entering step S5.
The specific method of step S5 is as follows:
if the current fault type is an effective section fault, extracting effective nodes at two ends of the fault section and the first time of the effective nodes, and acquiring the effective nodes, outside the fault section, of which the traveling wave is detected first and the first time of the effective nodes; for the three valid nodes, the valid node on the side of the fault section, which only contains one valid node, is taken as a reference node, and the formula is used for:
obtaining the distance d of the fault from the reference node z * The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Where x and y are the other two active nodes,first time for active node x, +.>The first time, d, is the active node y xy The fault location is completed for the distance between the effective node x and the effective node y; d' and d "are intermediate parameters;
if the current fault type is a branch fault on the active section, then according to the formula:
obtaining the distance d of the effective section with the nearest fault position to the fault f The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein DeltaT min The minimum element except the main diagonal in the decision matrix; v 1 And (5) completing fault positioning for the traveling wave speed of the overhead line.
In a specific implementation process, the optimization configuration rule of the traveling wave detection device is as follows:
(1) The main feeder terminal node must be configured with a traveling wave detection unit;
(2) If a node has n adjacent nodes, and more than 2 of the adjacent nodes are provided with the traveling wave detection units, the node can be not provided with the traveling wave detection units;
(3) If a node belongs to 3 or more ring networks at the same time, the node must be configured with a traveling wave detection unit;
(4) If a node is adjacent to a terminal node and the number of connection branches is greater than 2, the node must be configured with a traveling wave detection unit;
(5) In the overhead line-cable hybrid line, a traveling wave detection unit is required to be configured at a connection node.
In one embodiment of the present invention, according to the basic topological structure diagram of the power distribution network shown in fig. 2, the section represented by the dotted line is a cable line, and the line parameters of the cable line are greatly different from those of the overhead line. Therefore, the cable section is required to be normalized, and is equivalent to an overhead line with a certain length, and the whole network uniformly adopts the traveling wave velocity of the overhead line, so that uniform calculation is convenient. And finally, if the fault occurs in the section, the calculation result is inversely normalized to obtain the actual length of the fault in the cable line, and if the fault does not occur, calculation is not needed, so that the calculation efficiency is greatly improved. The corresponding intrinsic distance matrix is:
the corresponding intrinsic time matrix is:
the corresponding post-fault time matrix is:
the corresponding decision matrix is:
for all elements in the decision matrix (except the elements on the main diagonal), there are the following discriminant rules:
(1) If the fault is an effective section fault, the traveling wave time inherent before the effective section fault and the traveling wave time inherent after the faultThe time for the traveling wave to reach the two ends of the effective section is equal, namely 0 element appears in the decision matrix, and all the effective section elements containing faults are 0 at the moment, and the section represented by the 0 element in the decision matrix is enumerated. Wherein the common section represents the smallest, most accurate section in the configuration of the traveling wave detection device that enables a determination of the occurrence of a fault, and thus the common section is considered as the section in which the fault occurs. According to FIG. 3, again according toAnd->To determine whether the fault occurs on a node or in a segment, i.e. if + ->And->All of which are not equal to 0, then a fault occurs in the zone if +.>And->One of the nodes is equal to 0, and the node corresponding to 0 is the fault node.
(2) If the fault is a branch fault on the effective section, the fault is indicated to be on the non-effective section (namely, the effective section is a branch section for configuring the traveling wave detection device), and the time for the traveling wave to reach the two ends of the effective section after the fault is longer than the inherent traveling wave time of the effective section before the fault. Therefore, all elements (except the elements on the main diagonal) in the judgment matrix are elements larger than 0, and the time of traveling waves reaching each effective node after the fault minus the inherent traveling wave time before the fault is 2 times of the distance from the fault point to the effective section, and the minimum value of the elements in the judgment matrix is the effective section nearest to the fault. And (3) enumerating the effective sections with the same minimum value, and taking the common section as a fault section according to the rule (1), wherein the fault is a branch fault on the effective section.
If the fault is an effective section fault, taking the fault f in the section mn as an example, extracting the arrival time of the traveling waves at the two ends of the fault sectionAnd->And the effective node time of first detecting the traveling wave except the section mn, assuming that the node is x node, the failure time can be obtained>And at least one effective node is arranged on each of the two sides of the fault point of the 3 effective nodes, so that the node on one side of the effective node is taken as a reference node, the m node is assumed, and the fault positioning calculation result is the distance between the fault f and the reference node m. The 3 effective nodes form two sections containing the section mn where the fault is located, namely mx and nx, and the proportion of time for the fault point traveling wave to reach two ends is the same as the proportion of distance between the position and the two ends by utilizing the characteristic that the transmission speeds of the fault f along two sides of the line are consistent. I.e. failure calculation formula->The accurate distance d can be calculated * 。d 1 And d 2 Representing the distance of the fault point f from the reference node calculated by the segments mx and nx, respectively. In order to improve the calculation accuracy and reduce error interference, d * Representing the result of the calculation after averaging, i.e. the exact position of the fault point f is the distance m node d in the mn section * At kM.
If the fault is a branch fault on the effective section, the minimum element value in the judgment matrix is the time taken from the fault to the effective section, and the conversion is carried out, namely the distance from the branch node of the effective section to the fault on the branch. Conversion formula is as followsWherein DeltaT min V for determining the smallest element (divided by 0 element diagonal) in the matrix 1 D, the traveling wave speed of overhead line is d f The distance from the identified fault section for the fault location, i.e., the length of the line branching off on the active section. If the branch is a cable line, the branch is also required to be pressed +.>And performing inverse normalization to obtain the actual fault position. Wherein: v 2 Is the travelling wave velocity of the cable>Is the distance of the actual fault from the fault effective zone.
Taking a common multi-branch structure 10kV power distribution network as an object, taking an example 1 as an example to illustrate the fault positioning precision and effect after the method is actually implemented, building a 10kV power distribution network structure simulation schematic diagram 5 in a Simulink environment according to the power distribution network topological structure of FIG. 4, and presetting a fault scenario as the fault simulation of the 10kV multi-branch overhead line-cable hybrid line power distribution network under the condition of device optimal configuration. Failure f 1 Occurs at a branch eh, which is not configured with a traveling wave detection device, and 25kM from the enode. The system parameters are as follows: the rated voltage of the power supply is 10.5kV, the rated capacity is 50 MV.A, and the frequency is 50Hz. Table 1 shows the length of the line section, and bc is the equivalent length of the cable after normalization. The parameters of overhead lines and cable lines of the power distribution network are removed, and the parameters are calculated: overhead line wave velocity v 1 ＝2.9979×10 5 (kM/s) velocity of cable wave v 2 ＝1.7209×10 5 (kM/s)。
Table 1: line section length
Constructing an inter-node inherent distance matrix D according to the section distances among the nodes in the table 1:
then according to the traveling wave velocity v of overhead line 1 ＝2.9939×10 6 (kM/s) and calculating to obtain an effective inter-node inherent time matrix T d ：
The simulation is started, the simulation time length is set to be 0.1s, faults occur at 0.035s, the sampling frequency is 1MHz, and data are imported into MATLAB. Using a central B spline wavelet, calibrating the arrival time of a traveling wave head by taking the maximum value of a mode (figure 6) under the 3 rd scale of wavelet transformation, recording the arrival time of fault traveling waves at each traveling wave distance measuring device, and establishing an effective node time matrix T after the fault according to the calibration time of the fault arrival effective nodes f ：
Next, according to T d And T f Calculating to obtain a fault section judgment matrix delta T 1 ：
Determination matrix Δt obtained from the above 1 The analysis can be obtained: matrix DeltaT 1 The remaining elements are all greater than 0 except for the element value on the main diagonal, which is available from this fault occurring on the branch on the active section. The smallest and equal segments of the elements are ab, ac and ad, and the common segments are ac after analysis. Thus, a fault f is derived 1 Is a fault on branch eh of section ac. Finally, the accurate position can be calculated according to the following steps:
based on the above calculation result, the fault f can be obtained 1 The fault section identification is accurate and the distance error is 0.144kM and meets the calculation accuracy requirement when compared with the preset condition, the fault section identification occurs at the position of the branch eh of the section ac from the node e 15.0144 kM.
Example 2 is a node g failure f set in the same simulation environment 2 After the simulation is started, an effective node time matrix T after the fault is obtained f ' sum of decision matrix DeltaT 2 ：
From the decision matrix DeltaT 2 The analysis can be obtained: matrix DeltaT 2 In addition to the element value of 0 on the main diagonal, there are 0 elements, and these segments are ad, bd, cd, respectively. From this, fault f 2 For an effective intra-zone fault, the analysis may result in its common zone being cd. Thus, a fault f is derived 2 Is a fault within section cd. Second, due toThe fault occurs within cd and not on node c, d. Extracting ∈10 according to algorithm flow>And->And +.>Performing accurate positioning calculation, setting a node d as a reference node, and performing calculation according to the following formula:
finally obtain d * 20.0285kM, i.e. fault f 2 And compared with the preset condition, the fault section is accurately identified at the position of the section cd, which is away from the reference node d20.0285kM, and the distance error is 0.285kM, so that the calculation accuracy requirement is met.
In summary, the invention establishes the inherent distance matrix for the existing power distribution network, and establishes the inherent time matrix through the inherent distance matrix and the traveling wave velocity, so that the fault section identification and accurate positioning can be directly operated through the time detected by the traveling wave detection device without converting the time into the distance, and the calculation efficiency is improved. The invention realizes the identification of the section where the fault is located by detecting the time of the first traveling wave head reaching the detection point after the fault and establishing a fault section identification matrix based on the traveling wave detection time and by the identification rule. According to the invention, the branches without the traveling wave detection device are accurately identified through the judgment matrix and the judgment rule, so that the fault section identification and the accurate positioning of the fault position can be accurately completed under the condition of configuring a limited number of traveling wave detection devices.
Claims (1)
1. The power distribution network fault positioning method based on fault traveling wave time detection is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, constructing an inherent distance matrix and an inherent time matrix among power distribution network line nodes;
s2, collecting the time of the first traveling wave detected by all traveling wave detection devices in the power distribution network after the fault occurs to reach the traveling wave detection devices, namely the first time;
s3, acquiring a judgment matrix according to the first time and the inherent time matrix;
s4, judging traveling wave information corresponding to the first time based on a judging matrix to obtain the section position of the fault;
s5, setting a reference node in the position of the fault occurrence section, and acquiring the distance between the fault and the reference node to finish fault positioning;
the specific method of the step S1 comprises the following substeps:
s1-1, carrying out structural normalization on a network formed by mixing overhead lines and cables in a power distribution network line to obtain normalized power distribution network parameters; the specific method for normalizing the structure comprises the following steps:
according to the formula:
acquisition length ofIs normalized to the length after overhead line +.>The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein->And->The traveling wave speeds of the traveling wave in the overhead line and the cable are respectively; />And->Distributed inductances of the overhead line and the cable respectively; />And->Distributed capacitances of overhead lines and cables, respectively;
s1-2, based on normalized network parameters of the power distribution network, according to the formula:
acquiring an inherent distance matrix between circuit nodes of a power distribution networkThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein g represents the total number of distribution network line nodes, +.>Representing the normalized equivalent overhead line distance between any two nodes, < >>，/>；
S1-3, taking all nodes provided with traveling wave detection devices in a power distribution network line as effective nodes, and taking sections provided with traveling wave detection devices at two ends as effective sections;
s1-4, for all effective sections, according to the formula:
acquiring an intrinsic time matrixThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the method comprises the steps ofdRepresenting the total number of valid nodes>；/>Representing the inherent travelling wave transmission time between any two active nodes,/and>，/>；
the specific method of the step S3 is as follows:
according to the formula:
adding the first time of any two effective nodes to obtain a time matrix after faultThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein->And->A first time being any two active nodes; />Representing the sum of the arrival time of fault traveling waves detected by any two effective nodes;
according to the formula:
the time matrix after the fault and the inherent time matrix are subjected to difference to obtain a judgment matrix；
The specific method of step S4 comprises the following sub-steps:
s4-1, judging whether 0 element exists in the judgment matrix except the main diagonal, if so, enumerating an effective section represented by the 0 element in the judgment matrix, and entering a step S4-2; otherwise, enter step S4-4;
s4-2, acquiring a common section in the listed effective sections, and taking the common section as a fault occurrence section;
s4-3, judging whether the first time of the effective nodes at the two ends of the public section is not equal to 0, if so, judging that the fault is the effective section fault and occurs in the public section, and entering a step S5; otherwise, judging the fault as an effective section fault, judging the effective nodes with the first time of 0 at the two ends of the public section as fault nodes, and entering step S5;
s4-4, taking an effective section corresponding to the minimum element except the main diagonal in the judgment matrix as an effective section closest to the fault, and listing the effective sections with the same minimum value;
s4-5, acquiring a public section in the listed effective sections, taking the public section as a fault occurrence section, namely judging the fault as a branch fault on the effective section, and entering a step S5;
the specific method of step S5 is as follows:
if the current fault type is an effective section fault, extracting effective nodes at two ends of the fault section and the first time of the effective nodes, and acquiring the effective nodes, outside the fault section, of which the traveling wave is detected first and the first time of the effective nodes; for the three valid nodes, the valid node on the side of the fault section, which only contains one valid node, is taken as a reference node, and the formula is used for:
obtaining a fault distance reference nodezDistance of (2)The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein the method comprises the steps ofxAndyfor the other two active nodes, +.>As an effective nodexIs (are) first time of (a)>As an effective nodeyIs (are) first time of (a)>As an effective nodexAnd an active nodeyThe distance between the two parts is used for completing fault positioning; />And->Is an intermediate parameter;
if the current fault type is a branch fault on the active section, then according to the formula:
obtaining the distance of the effective section with the nearest fault position to the faultThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein->The minimum element except the main diagonal in the decision matrix; />And (5) completing fault positioning for the traveling wave speed of the overhead line.
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