CN108375508A - A kind of large-scale three dimensional physical model Bit andits control overload test system and method - Google Patents
A kind of large-scale three dimensional physical model Bit andits control overload test system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108375508A CN108375508A CN201810106789.7A CN201810106789A CN108375508A CN 108375508 A CN108375508 A CN 108375508A CN 201810106789 A CN201810106789 A CN 201810106789A CN 108375508 A CN108375508 A CN 108375508A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
- G01N2001/366—Moulds; Demoulding
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0067—Fracture or rupture
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of large-scale three dimensional physical model Bit andits control overload test system and method, system includes pedestal, anti-deformation prestressing force loading frame component, load applies component, prepared by model sample and transport component and hydraulic loading system component；Prepared by anti-deformation prestressing force loading frame component and model sample is arranged at transport component on pedestal, load applies component and is arranged on anti-deformation prestressing force loading frame component, load applies component and is connected with hydraulic loading system component, apply component by load with hydraulic loading system component to coordinate, the overload under multi-panel multi-point cooperative Bit andits control is carried out to model sample.The present invention has the large-scale three dimensional physical model overload capacity under multi-panel multi-point cooperative Bit andits control, uses the frame structure of brand-new design, can effectively control the self-deformation of testing equipment in loading procedure, improves test data confidence level；Be equipped with preparation and the conveyer of artificial model's sample for the first time, meet artificial model's sample preparatory phase accuracy detection.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to large-scale three dimensional physical experiments technical fields, more particularly to a kind of large-scale three dimensional physical model
Bit andits control overload test system and method.
Background technology
Large-scale three dimensional physical experiments are similar with engineering rock mass property artificial by configuring based on the theory of similarity
Cast material carries out the cutting under different boundary loading environment and monitoring test, can effectively disclose rock mass in Human dried bloodstains
Under the influence of deformation fracture evolution mechanism.
Currently, large-scale three dimensional physical experiments have obtained relatively broad application, still, with underground engineering construction with
Resource exploitation is constantly marched to deep, and the scale of construction and complexity of deep tunnel group are also being continuously improved, in scientific research and work
In Cheng Yingyong, the technology of large-scale three dimensional physical experiments is required also higher and higher.
Since testing machine load mode can be divided into power control mode and displacement-control mode, so-called power control mode is then
Using power as independent variable, and it is further applied load with constant LOADING RATES；So-called displacement-control mode is then with constant rate of displacement
It is further applied load.Under the loading mode of power control, unexpected unstability will occur at the peak value of load-displacement curve in model sample
And fracture, lead to not to obtain the load-displacement curve after sample peak strength, and facts proved that, when rock material occur it is broken
After splitting, remaining to bear sizable load, that is to say, that rock material has intensity behind peak, in view of the situation, with
Displacement is come into being as the rock pressure testing machine of control variable.And for displacement-control mode, its advantage is that rock
Rupture it is controllable, and can obtain including rupture later stage mechanical characteristics including rock load-displacement the Complete Curve, in turn
The research of the mechanical behavior behind rock peak can just be carried out.
Currently, Bit andits control load mode achieved in terms of mechanical behavior research behind the peak of Centimeter Level rock sample compared with
Good achievement, but field is tested in the analog material three-dimensional physical model of meter level scale, it there is no achievable high precision displacement control
The testing machine of system load function, also can not just obtain the load-displacement curve of model sample loading complete process, this is greatly limited
Research in three-dimensional physical model experiment field to mechanical behavior behind model sample peak.
In addition, Bit andits control load as a kind of important load applying mode, is not yet tested in three-dimensional physical model
Field is applied, and this is mainly due to three-dimensional physical model specimen sizes to reach meter level scale, the control of conventional single-point displacement
The needs of meter level scale loading surface are cannot be satisfied, and when multiple loading surfaces are loaded using Bit andits control simultaneously, difference is added
It coordinated between section and is precisely controlled and proposes very high requirement.
In addition, as artificial model's size and testing machine load the continuous improvement of tonnage, especially artificial model's material is strong
The continuous improvement of degree, the reaction frame structure of existing three-dimensional physical model testing machine can not have been efficiently controlled and loaded
The deformation of testing machine itself in journey；Simultaneously as the preparation and load of artificial model are carried out in the same babinet, cause
The preparation precision of artificial model can not detect.
Therefore, research and development are a set of can be towards the large-scale deep tunnel group three-dimensional physical model of deep engineering rock mass mechanics problem
Bit andits control overload test system and method is imperative.
Invention content
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of large-scale three dimensional physical model Bit andits control overload test
System and method has the overload capacity under multi-panel multi-point cooperative Bit andits control, and uses the pre- of brand-new design for the first time
Stress frame structure can effectively control the self-deformation of testing equipment in loading procedure, improve test data confidence level；For the first time
It is equipped with preparation and the conveyer of artificial model's sample, the preparation region of artificial model's sample and loading area are effectively divided
From meeting artificial model's sample in the accuracy detection of preparatory phase, artificial model's sample avoided to cause pair because preparing precision deficiency
The influence of test data.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：A kind of large-scale three dimensional physical model Bit andits control
Overload test system, including pedestal, anti-deformation prestressing force loading frame component, load apply component, prepared by model sample and fortune
Sending component and hydraulic loading system component；The anti-deformation prestressing force loading frame component and model sample prepare and transport component
It is arranged on pedestal, the load applies component and is arranged on anti-deformation prestressing force loading frame component, and the load applies
Component is connected with hydraulic loading system component, and apply component by load coordinates with hydraulic loading system component, to model sample
Carry out the overload under multi-panel multi-point cooperative Bit andits control.
The anti-deformation prestressing force loading frame component includes central frame, front end frame and rearward end frame, the centre
Frame is between front end frame and rearward end frame；
The central frame uses more Pin formulas hollow structures, and the central frame of every Pin is by head piece, left column, the right side
Column and cross member composition, and two Pin central frames of arbitrary neighborhood are all made of removable assembling structure and are connected；Under the cross member
Surface is equipped with central frame sliding block, and surface is equipped with frame guide rail on the base, makes centre by central frame sliding block
Frame has linear movement degree of freedom on frame guide rail；The hollow inner cavity of the central frame is model sample LOADED CAVITY；
The front end frame includes left counter-force vertical beam, right counter-force vertical beam, counter-force crossbeam and counter-force beam support；It is described left anti-
Power vertical beam and right counter-force vertical beam are symmetrically packed on counter-force crossbeam, and the counter-force beam support is connected in counter-force crossbeam lower surface,
Front end frame sliding block is installed in counter-force beam support lower surface, makes front end frame on frame guide rail by front end frame sliding block
With linear movement degree of freedom；It is opened up in the middle part beam body of the counter-force crossbeam there are one through-hole, which tries as model
Sample digs hole, and model sample digs hole and model sample LOADED CAVITY face；At the left counter-force vertical beam and right counter-force vertical beam bottom
It is respectively connected with front end frame driving hydraulic cylinder between end and pedestal, and front end frame driving hydraulic cylinder is parallel with frame guide rail；
The rearward end frame includes left support vertical beam, right support vertical beam, support beam and support beam bearing；The left branch
Support vertical beam and right support vertical beam are symmetrically packed in support beam, and the support beam bearing is connected in support beam lower surface,
Rearward end frame sliding block is installed in support beam bearing lower surface, makes rearward end frame on frame guide rail by rearward end frame sliding block
With linear movement degree of freedom；It is all connected between the left support vertical beam and right support vertical beam bottom end and central frame cross member
There is middle rearward end frame driving hydraulic cylinder, and middle rearward end frame driving hydraulic cylinder is parallel with frame guide rail；
Between the left counter-force vertical beam and left support vertical beam, between right counter-force vertical beam and right support vertical beam, counter-force cross
It is connected by prestressed draw-bar between beam and support beam, is opened on the head piece, left column, right column and cross member
Equipped with pull rod through hole；By applying pretightning force to prestressed draw-bar, realize between central frame, front end frame and rearward end frame
Prestressing force locking.
It includes first level actuator group, the second horizontal actuator group, the horizontal actuator of third that the load, which applies component,
Group and vertical actuator group；The left column medial surface in central frame, second water is arranged in the first level actuator group
The right column medial surface in central frame is arranged in flat actuator group, and the branch in rearward end frame is arranged in the horizontal actuator group of third
Cross rail inner face is supportted, the vertical actuator group is arranged in the head piece lower surface of central frame；The first level actuator
Include several to be uniformly arranged and tie in group, the second horizontal actuator group, the horizontal actuator group of third and vertical actuator group
The identical monomer actuator of structure；The monomer actuator includes counter-force hydraulic cylinder, rectangle load plate and magnetostrictive displacement sensing
Device；The counter-force hydraulic cylinder is connected in by cylinder barrel on frame, and the rectangle load plate is perpendicularly fixedly arranged on the work of counter-force hydraulic cylinder
Stopper rod top offers acoustic emission probe cloth apertured in rectangle load plate；The magnetostrictive displacement sensor is connected to instead
Between power Barrel of Hydraulic Cylinders and rectangle load plate.
It includes that model sample prepares case, model sample plummer, model sample that the model sample, which prepares and transports component,
Conveying rack, conveying rack driving hydraulic cylinder and plummer driving hydraulic cylinder；Surface is equipped with conveying rack guide rail on the base, fortune
Send frame guide rail and frame guide rail perpendicular, the mounting height of conveying rack guide rail is more than frame guide rail, and with frame guide rail intersection
Conveying rack guide rail use spliced removable assembling structure；Conveying rack sliding block is installed in the model sample conveying rack lower surface,
Make model sample conveying rack that there is linear movement degree of freedom on conveying rack guide rail by conveying rack sliding block；The model sample is held
Microscope carrier is arranged on model sample conveying rack, plummer guide rail is equipped in model sample conveying rack upper surface, in model sample
Plummer lower surface is equipped with plummer idler wheel, so that model sample plummer is had on plummer guide rail by plummer idler wheel
Move linearly degree of freedom；Cross member upper surface in the model sample LOADED CAVITY of the central frame is equipped with carrying platform switching
Guide rail makes model sample plummer have linear movement degree of freedom on plummer guide rail by plummer idler wheel；The transport
Frame driving hydraulic cylinder is connected between pedestal and model sample conveying rack, and conveying rack driving hydraulic cylinder is equal with conveying rack guide rail
Row；The plummer driving hydraulic cylinder is connected between model sample conveying rack and model sample plummer, and plummer drives liquid
Cylinder pressure is parallel with plummer guide rail and carrying platform switching guide rail, is held in piston rod and the model sample of plummer driving hydraulic cylinder
It is connected by lockset between microscope carrier；The model sample prepares case and is located at model sample plummer upper surface.
The hydraulic loading system component includes computer, controller, static loading oil sources, static loading separator and quiet
State loading oil circuit；The computer is connected with controller, and controller is connected with static loading oil sources, and static loading oil sources passes through quiet
State loads separator and at least static loading oil circuit is connected all the way；
The static loading oil circuit includes the first electrohydraulic servo valve, the first electromagnet cut off valve and the second electromagnet cut off valve；Institute
The first oil inlet for stating the first electrohydraulic servo valve is connected with static loading separator, in the first oil outlet of the first electrohydraulic servo valve
A monomer actuator at least in parallel between the second oil inlet, the second oil outlet and the static loading oil of the first electrohydraulic servo valve
Source is connected；First electromagnet cut off valve is mounted on the pipe between the first oil outlet and monomer actuator of the first electrohydraulic servo valve
On the road, second electromagnet cut off valve is mounted on the pipeline between the second oil inlet and monomer actuator of the first electrohydraulic servo valve
On；Static load voltage stabilizing oil circuit is connected on pipeline between first electromagnet cut off valve and monomer actuator；The static load is steady
Pressure oil road includes the first accumulator and third electromagnet cut off valve, and the first accumulator passes through third electromagnet cut off valve and monomer actuator
It is connected, first pressure sensor is installed on the pipeline between third electromagnet cut off valve and monomer actuator；Described second
Second pressure sensor is installed on the pipeline between electromagnet cut off valve and monomer actuator.
A kind of large-scale three dimensional physical model Bit andits control overload test method uses the large-scale three dimensional physical model
Bit andits control overload test system, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Analog material is chosen according to test requirements document, mould is carried out using analog material in model sample prepares case
The preparation of type sample, and pre-buried monitoring sensor in model sample；
Step 2：After model sample reaches initial strength, model sample is demoulded, while detection model sample
Flatness, verticality and compactness, it is ensured that all qualifieds of model sample；
Step 3：First model sample conveying rack is moved to immediately ahead of model sample LOADED CAVITY, then holds model sample
Microscope carrier is moved in model sample LOADED CAVITY, and model sample enters model sample LOADED CAVITY with model sample plummer at this time
In, then the locking between model sample plummer and model sample conveying rack is released, finally model sample conveying rack is moved back to
Initial position；
Step 4：Anti-deformation prestressing force loading frame component is adjusted to closed state from open state, so that middle boxes
Frame, front end frame and rearward end frame form an entirety；
Step 5：First level actuator group, the second horizontal actuator group, the horizontal actuator group of third are controlled respectively and are erected
Straight actuator group action, the precise alignment until completing model sample clamp；
Step 6：Using multi-panel multi-point cooperative displacement-control mode control first level actuator group, the second horizontal start
The horizontal actuator group of device group, third and vertical actuator group carry out true triaxial static loading to model sample, then in setting
Model sample is implemented to dig under static loading level, while the deformation fracture evolution condition of observation model sample；
Step 7：After the completion of cutting, stress state is switched into overload condition, continues the deformation fracture of observation model sample
Evolution condition, until model sample destroys；
Step 8：First level actuator group, the second horizontal actuator group, the horizontal actuator group of third are controlled respectively and are erected
Straight actuator group action, completes the unloading of model sample；
Step 9：First model sample conveying rack is moved to immediately ahead of model sample LOADED CAVITY, then holds model sample
Microscope carrier is locked with model sample conveying rack, then by model sample plummer out of model sample LOADED CAVITY with to model sample
On conveying rack, model sample conveying rack is finally moved back into initial position, and be further analyzed to the model sample of taking-up
Research.
Multi-panel multi-point cooperative Bit andits control step is：
Step 1：The displacement load of each monomer actuator is fast in each loading surface on setting model sample in a computer
Rate, and the displacement loading speed all same or not all the same of each monomer actuator；
Step 2：The first electromagnet cut off valve and the second electromagnet cut off valve in static loading oil circuit are opened, static load voltage stabilizing is opened
Third electromagnet cut off valve in oil circuit；
Step 3：Start static loading oil sources, static loading is carried out to model sample according to the static load charge values of setting, when quiet
When instantaneous pressure in state loading oil circuit increases, pressure energy can be stored in the first accumulator in the form of compression energy, work as static state
When instantaneous pressure in loading oil circuit reduces, the compression energy in the first accumulator can add in static loading oil circuit, ensure quiet
The pressure of state loading oil circuit is steady；
Step 4：During static loading, counter-force in monomer actuator is monitored in real time by magnetostrictive displacement sensor
The displacement data of hydraulic cylinder piston rod, the displacement data are fed back in controller first, then electro-hydraulic are watched to first by controller
It takes valve and sends out fuel supply signal, and then dynamically adjust the fuel delivery of counter-force hydraulic cylinder in real time by the first electrohydraulic servo valve, finally make
Actual displacement loading speed meets setting value.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the large-scale three dimensional physics mould under multi-panel multi-point cooperative Bit andits control for the first time
Type overload capacity, and the pre-stressed concrete frame structure of brand-new design is used, it can effectively control testing equipment in loading procedure
Self-deformation, improve test data confidence level；It is equipped with preparation and the conveyer of artificial model's sample for the first time, by artificial mould
The preparation region of type sample and loading area efficiently separate, and meet artificial model's sample in the accuracy detection of preparatory phase, avoid
Artificial model's sample leads to the influence to test data because preparing precision deficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that a kind of large-scale three dimensional physical model Bit andits control overload test system (open state) structure of the present invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 2 is that a kind of large-scale three dimensional physical model Bit andits control overload test system (closed state) structure of the present invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 3 is the middle frame structure schematic diagram of the anti-deformation prestressing force loading frame component of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the front end frame structural schematic diagram of the anti-deformation prestressing force loading frame component of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the rearward end frame structural schematic diagram of the anti-deformation prestressing force loading frame component of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is that the load of the present invention applies the monomer actuator configurations schematic diagram of component；
Fig. 7 is that the model sample of the present invention prepares and transports component structure diagram；
Fig. 8 is the portions I enlarged drawing in Fig. 1；
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of the hydraulic loading system component of the present invention；
In figure, 1-pedestal, 2-anti-deformation prestressing force loading frame components, 3-load application component, 4-model samples
It prepares and transports component, 5-head pieces, 6-left columns, 7-right columns, 8-cross members, 9-central frame sliding blocks, 10-frames
Frame guide rail, 11-model sample LOADED CAVITYs, 12-left counter-force vertical beams, 13-right counter-force vertical beams, 14-counter-force crossbeams, 15-counter-forces
Beam support, 16-front end frame sliding blocks, 17-model samples cutting hole, 18-left support vertical beams, 19-right support vertical beams,
20-support beams, 21-support beam bearings, 22-rearward end frame sliding blocks, 23-first level actuator groups, 24-the second
Horizontal actuator group, the horizontal actuator group of 25-thirds, 26-vertical actuator groups, 27-counter-force hydraulic cylinders, 28-rectangles add
Support plate, 29-magnetostrictive displacement sensors, 30-acoustic emission probe cloth apertured, 31-model samples prepare case, 32-models
Sample plummer, 33-model sample conveying racks, 34-conveying rack driving hydraulic cylinders, 35-plummer driving hydraulic cylinders, 36-
Conveying rack guide rail, 37-conveying rack sliding blocks, 38-plummer guide rails, 39-plummer idler wheels, 40-carrying platform switching guide rails,
41-locksets, 42-front end frame driving hydraulic cylinders, 43-middle rearward end frame driving hydraulic cylinders, 44-prestressed draw-bars, 45-
Pull rod through hole, 46-computers, 47-controllers, 48-static loading oil sources, 49-first pressure sensors, 50-is static
Load separator, 51-second pressure sensors, the 52-the first electrohydraulic servo valve, the 53-the first electromagnet cut off valve, 54-the second
Electromagnet cut off valve, 55-monomer actuator, the 56-the first accumulator, 57-third electromagnet cut off valve.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Fig. 1~9, a kind of large-scale three dimensional physical model Bit andits control overload test system, including pedestal 1, preapre for an unfavorable turn of events
Shape prestressing force loading frame component 2, load apply component 3, prepared by model sample and transport component 4 and hydraulic loading system group
Part；Prepared by the anti-deformation prestressing force loading frame component 2 and model sample is arranged at transport component 4 on pedestal 1, described
Load applies component 3 and is arranged on anti-deformation prestressing force loading frame component 2, and the load applies component 3 and hydraulic loaded system
Component of uniting is connected, and apply component 3 by load coordinates with hydraulic loading system component, and multi-panel multi-point cooperative is carried out to model sample
Overload under Bit andits control.
The anti-deformation prestressing force loading frame component 2 includes central frame, front end frame and rearward end frame, the centre
Frame is between front end frame and rearward end frame；
The central frame uses more Pin formulas hollow structures, the central frame of every Pin by head piece 5, left column 6,
Right column 7 and cross member 8 form, and two Pin central frames of arbitrary neighborhood are all made of removable assembling structure and are connected；In bottom cross
8 lower surface of beam is equipped with central frame sliding block 9, is equipped with frame guide rail 10 in 1 upper surface of the pedestal, is slided by central frame
Block 9 makes central frame have linear movement degree of freedom on frame guide rail 10；The hollow inner cavity of the central frame is model
Sample LOADED CAVITY 11；
The front end frame includes left counter-force vertical beam 12, right counter-force vertical beam 13, counter-force crossbeam 14 and counter-force beam support 15；
The left counter-force vertical beam 12 and right counter-force vertical beam 13 are symmetrically packed on counter-force crossbeam 14, and the counter-force beam support 15 is connected in
14 lower surface of counter-force crossbeam is equipped with front end frame sliding block 16 in 15 lower surface of counter-force beam support, passes through front end frame sliding block
16 make front end frame have linear movement degree of freedom on frame guide rail 10；It is opened up in the middle part beam body of the counter-force crossbeam 14
There are one through-hole, which digs hole 17 as model sample, and model sample is digging hole 17 and model sample LOADED CAVITY 11 just
It is right；It is respectively connected with front end frame driving hydraulic cylinder between the left counter-force vertical beam 12 and right 13 bottom end of counter-force vertical beam and pedestal 1
42, and front end frame driving hydraulic cylinder 42 is parallel with frame guide rail 10；
The rearward end frame includes left support vertical beam 18, right support vertical beam 19, support beam 20 and support beam bearing 21；
The left support vertical beam 18 and right support vertical beam 19 are symmetrically packed in support beam 20, and the support beam bearing 21 is connected in
20 lower surface of support beam is equipped with rearward end frame sliding block 22 in 21 lower surface of support beam bearing, passes through rearward end frame sliding block
22 make rearward end frame have linear movement degree of freedom on frame guide rail 10；In the left support vertical beam 18 and right support vertical beam 19
Middle rearward end frame driving hydraulic cylinder 43 is respectively connected between bottom end and central frame cross member 8, and middle rearward end frame drives hydraulic pressure
Cylinder 43 is parallel with frame guide rail 10；
Between the left counter-force vertical beam 12 and left support vertical beam 18, right counter-force vertical beam 13 and right support vertical beam 19 it
Between, be connected by prestressed draw-bar 44 between counter-force crossbeam 14 and support beam 20, in the head piece 5, left column 6, right
Pull rod through hole 45 is offered on column 7 and cross member 8；By applying pretightning force to prestressed draw-bar 44, middle boxes are realized
Prestressing force locking between frame, front end frame and rearward end frame.
It includes first level actuator group 23, the second horizontal actuator group 24, third level work that the load, which applies component 3,
Dynamic device group 25 and vertical actuator group 26；6 medial surface of left column in central frame is arranged in the first level actuator group 23,
The second horizontal actuator group 24 is arranged 7 medial surface of right column in central frame, and the horizontal actuator group of the third 25 is set
20 medial surface of support beam in rearward end frame is set, 5 following table of head piece in central frame is arranged in the vertical actuator group 26
Face；The first level actuator group 23, the second horizontal actuator group 24, the horizontal actuator group 25 of third and vertical actuator group
Include several be uniformly arranged and the identical monomer actuator of structure in 26；The monomer actuator includes counter-force hydraulic cylinder
27, rectangle load plate 28 and magnetostrictive displacement sensor 29；The counter-force hydraulic cylinder 27 is connected in by cylinder barrel on frame, institute
The piston rod top that rectangle load plate 28 is perpendicularly fixedly arranged on counter-force hydraulic cylinder 27 is stated, acoustic emission is opened up in rectangle load plate 28
Probe cloth apertured 30；The magnetostrictive displacement sensor 29 be connected to 27 cylinder barrel of counter-force hydraulic cylinder and rectangle load plate 28 it
Between.
Prepared by the model sample prepares case 31, model sample plummer 32, model with transport component 4 including model sample
Sample conveying rack 33, conveying rack driving hydraulic cylinder 34 and plummer driving hydraulic cylinder 35；Fortune is installed in 1 upper surface of the pedestal
Frame guide rail 36 is sent, conveying rack guide rail 36 and frame guide rail 10 are perpendicular, and the mounting height of conveying rack guide rail 36 is more than frame guide rail
10, and use spliced removable assembling structure with the conveying rack guide rail 36 of 10 intersection of frame guide rail；It is transported in the model sample
33 lower surface of frame is equipped with conveying rack sliding block 37, makes model sample conveying rack 33 in conveying rack guide rail 36 by conveying rack sliding block 37
It is upper that there is linear movement degree of freedom；The model sample plummer 32 is arranged on model sample conveying rack 33, in model sample
33 upper surface of conveying rack is equipped with plummer guide rail 38, and plummer idler wheel 39 is equipped in 32 lower surface of model sample plummer,
Make model sample plummer 32 that there is linear movement degree of freedom on plummer guide rail 38 by plummer idler wheel 39；In described
Between frame model sample LOADED CAVITY 11 in 8 upper surface of cross member carrying platform switching guide rail 40 is installed, rolled by plummer
Wheel 39 makes model sample plummer 32 have linear movement degree of freedom on plummer guide rail 38；The conveying rack driving hydraulic cylinder
34 are connected between pedestal 1 and model sample conveying rack 33, and conveying rack driving hydraulic cylinder 34 is parallel with conveying rack guide rail 36；Institute
It states plummer driving hydraulic cylinder 35 to be connected between model sample conveying rack 33 and model sample plummer 32, plummer drives liquid
Cylinder pressure 35 is parallel with plummer guide rail 38 and carrying platform switching guide rail 40, in the piston rod and mould of plummer driving hydraulic cylinder 35
It is connected by lockset 41 between type sample plummer 32；The model sample prepares case 31 and is located at 32 upper table of model sample plummer
Face.
The hydraulic loading system component includes computer 46, controller 47, static loading oil sources 48, static loading point oil
Device 50 and static loading oil circuit；The computer 46 is connected with controller 47, and controller 47 is connected with static loading oil sources 48, quiet
State load oil sources 48 by static loading separator 50 at least static loading oil circuit is connected all the way；
The static loading oil circuit includes the first electrohydraulic servo valve 52, the first electromagnet cut off valve 53 and the second electromagnet cut off valve
54；First oil inlet of first electrohydraulic servo valve 52 is connected with static loading separator 50, in the first electrohydraulic servo valve 52
The first oil outlet and the second oil inlet between a monomer actuator 55 at least in parallel, the second of the first electrohydraulic servo valve 52 goes out
Hydraulic fluid port is connected with static loading oil sources 48；First electromagnet cut off valve 53 is mounted on the first fuel-displaced of the first electrohydraulic servo valve 52
On pipeline between mouth and monomer actuator 55, second electromagnet cut off valve 54 is mounted on the second of the first electrohydraulic servo valve 52
On pipeline between oil inlet and monomer actuator 55；Pipe between first electromagnet cut off valve 53 and monomer actuator 55
Road is connected with static load voltage stabilizing oil circuit；The static load voltage stabilizing oil circuit includes the first accumulator 56 and third electromagnet cut off valve 57, the
One accumulator 56 is connected by third electromagnet cut off valve 57 with monomer actuator 55, in third electromagnet cut off valve 57 and monomer start
First pressure sensor 49 is installed on the pipeline between device 55；Second electromagnet cut off valve 54 and monomer actuator 55 it
Between pipeline on second pressure sensor 51 is installed.
In the present embodiment, system uses cpci bus technology, and realizes that logic control, system are provided with 12 altogether by PLC
A independent control channel, wherein in first level actuator group 23, the second horizontal actuator group 24 and vertical actuator group 26
Include 12 monomer actuator 55, is divided into 4 layers, every layer there are 3；The horizontal actuator group 25 of third is interior to be made comprising 16 monomers
Dynamic device 55, is divided into 4 layers, every layer has 4；Since first level actuator group 23 and the second horizontal actuator group 24 are symmetrically divided
Cloth sets totally 6 monomer actuator 55 in two actuator groups positioned at same layer and shares a control channel, then two starts
Device group distributes 4 control channels altogether；26 every layer of 3 monomer actuator 55 of vertical actuator group distributes a control channel, amounts to
Distribute 4 control channels；The horizontal 25 every layer of 4 monomer actuator 55 of actuator group of third distributes a control channel, Gong Jifen
With 4 control channels.
In the present embodiment, model sample prepares case 31 and uses the widget layering fragment of finishing assembled, Ge Geling
The dimensional discrepancy of component is less than 1mm, and model sample prepares case 31 and is divided into 8 layers in the height direction, per floor height 250mm, always
A height of 2000mm；Include 3 widgets in width direction, it is 2000 × 2000mm × 500mm, 2000 that can be assembled into size respectively
The model sample of × 2000mm × 1000mm and 2000mm × 2000mm × 1500mm prepares case 31, and then can prepare corresponding size
Model sample.Model sample prepares case 31 and uses high rigidity sidewise restraint, it is ensured that in the Gravitative Loads of model sample
Under, the self-deformation that model sample prepares case 31 is effectively controlled.The babinet that model sample prepares case 31 is laterally reserved with prison
The line outlet of survey sensor is provided with antifriction layer in interior.Model sample plummer 32 is not less than using thickness
The high rigidity steel plate of 300mm is made, the deformation that can be effectively controlled under model sample Gravitative Loads.
A kind of large-scale three dimensional physical model Bit andits control overload test method uses the large-scale three dimensional physical model
Bit andits control overload test system, includes the following steps：
Step 1：Analog material is chosen according to test requirements document, is carried out using analog material in model sample prepares case 31
The preparation of model sample, and pre-buried monitoring sensor in model sample；
Step 2：After model sample reaches initial strength, model sample is demoulded, while detection model sample
Flatness, verticality and compactness, it is ensured that all qualifieds of model sample；
Step 3：Model sample conveying rack 33 is first moved to 11 front of model sample LOADED CAVITY, then tries model
Sample plummer 32 is moved in model sample LOADED CAVITY 11, and model sample is tried as model sample plummer 32 enters model at this time
In sample LOADED CAVITY 11, then the locking between model sample plummer 32 and model sample conveying rack 33 is released, finally tries model
Sample conveying rack 33 moves back to initial position；
Step 4：Anti-deformation prestressing force loading frame component 2 is adjusted to closed state from open state, so that middle boxes
Frame, front end frame and rearward end frame form an entirety；
Step 5：Control first level actuator group 23, the second horizontal actuator group 24, the horizontal actuator group of third respectively
25 and vertical actuator group 26 act, the precise alignment until completing model sample clamps；
Step 6：Make using multi-panel multi-point cooperative displacement-control mode control first level actuator group 23, second is horizontal
Dynamic device group 24, the horizontal actuator group 25 of third and vertical actuator group 26 carry out true triaxial static loading to model sample, then
Model sample is implemented to dig under the static loading level of setting, while the deformation fracture evolution condition of observation model sample；
Step 7：After the completion of cutting, stress state is switched into overload condition, continues the deformation fracture of observation model sample
Evolution condition, until model sample destroys；
Step 8：Control first level actuator group 23, the second horizontal actuator group 24, the horizontal actuator group of third respectively
25 and vertical actuator group 26 act, complete the unloading of model sample；
Step 9：Model sample conveying rack 33 is first moved to 11 front of model sample LOADED CAVITY, then tries model
Sample plummer 32 is locked with model sample conveying rack 33, then by model sample plummer 32 out of model sample LOADED CAVITY 11
To on model sample conveying rack 33, model sample conveying rack 33 is finally moved back to initial position, and try the model of taking-up
Sample is further analyzed research.
Multi-panel multi-point cooperative Bit andits control step is：
Step 1：The displacement of each monomer actuator 55 adds in each loading surface on setting model sample in computer 46
Carry rate, and the displacement loading speed all same or not all the same of each monomer actuator 55；
Step 2：The first electromagnet cut off valve 53 and the second electromagnet cut off valve 54 in static loading oil circuit are opened, static load is opened
Third electromagnet cut off valve 57 in voltage stabilizing oil circuit；
Step 3：Start static loading oil sources 48, static loading is carried out to model sample according to the static load charge values of setting, when
When instantaneous pressure in static loading oil circuit increases, pressure energy can be stored in the form of compression energy in the first accumulator 56, when
When instantaneous pressure in static loading oil circuit reduces, the compression energy in the first accumulator 56 can add in static loading oil circuit,
Ensure that the pressure of static loading oil circuit is steady；
Step 4：During static loading, by magnetostrictive displacement sensor 29 in real time monitoring monomer actuator 55
The displacement data of 27 piston rod of counter-force hydraulic cylinder, the displacement data are fed back to first in controller 47, then by controller 47 to
First electrohydraulic servo valve 52 sends out fuel supply signal, and then dynamic adjusts counter-force hydraulic cylinder 27 in real time by the first electrohydraulic servo valve 52
Fuel delivery, so that actual displacement loading speed is met setting value.
Scheme in embodiment be not to limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention, it is all without departing from carried out by the present invention etc.
Effect implements or change, is both contained in the scope of the claims of this case.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of large-scale three dimensional physical model Bit andits control overload test system, it is characterised in that：It is answered in advance including pedestal, anti-deformation
Power loading frame component, load apply component, prepared by model sample and transport component and hydraulic loading system component；It is described to preapre for an unfavorable turn of events
Prepared by shape prestressing force loading frame component and model sample is arranged at transport component on pedestal, and the load applies component and sets
It sets on anti-deformation prestressing force loading frame component, the load applies component and is connected with hydraulic loading system component, passes through load
Lotus applies component and coordinates with hydraulic loading system component, and the overload under multi-panel multi-point cooperative Bit andits control is carried out to model sample.
2. a kind of large-scale three dimensional physical model Bit andits control overload test system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The anti-deformation prestressing force loading frame component includes central frame, front end frame and rearward end frame, and the central frame is located at
Between front end frame and rearward end frame；
The central frame uses more Pin formulas hollow structures, and the central frame of every Pin is by head piece, left column, right column
And cross member composition, and two Pin central frames of arbitrary neighborhood are all made of removable assembling structure and are connected；In the cross member lower surface
Central frame sliding block is installed, surface is equipped with frame guide rail on the base, makes central frame by central frame sliding block
There is linear movement degree of freedom on frame guide rail；The hollow inner cavity of the central frame is model sample LOADED CAVITY；
The front end frame includes left counter-force vertical beam, right counter-force vertical beam, counter-force crossbeam and counter-force beam support；The left counter-force is perpendicular
Beam and right counter-force vertical beam are symmetrically packed on counter-force crossbeam, and the counter-force beam support is connected in counter-force crossbeam lower surface, anti-
Power beam support lower surface is equipped with front end frame sliding block, so that front end frame is had on frame guide rail by front end frame sliding block
Move linearly degree of freedom；It is opened up in the middle part beam body of the counter-force crossbeam there are one through-hole, which opens as model sample
It punchinges, and model sample digs hole and model sample LOADED CAVITY face；The left counter-force vertical beam and right counter-force vertical beam bottom end with
Front end frame driving hydraulic cylinder is respectively connected between pedestal, and front end frame driving hydraulic cylinder is parallel with frame guide rail；
The rearward end frame includes left support vertical beam, right support vertical beam, support beam and support beam bearing；The left support is perpendicular
Beam and right support vertical beam are symmetrically packed in support beam, and the support beam bearing is connected in support beam lower surface, is propping up
Support beam support lower surface is equipped with rearward end frame sliding block, so that rearward end frame is had on frame guide rail by rearward end frame sliding block
Move linearly degree of freedom；In being respectively connected between the left support vertical beam and right support vertical beam bottom end and central frame cross member
Rearward end frame driving hydraulic cylinder, and middle rearward end frame driving hydraulic cylinder is parallel with frame guide rail；
Between the left counter-force vertical beam and left support vertical beam, between right counter-force vertical beam and right support vertical beam, counter-force crossbeam with
It is connected by prestressed draw-bar between support beam, is offered on the head piece, left column, right column and cross member
Pull rod through hole；By applying pretightning force to prestressed draw-bar, realize pre- between central frame, front end frame and rearward end frame
Stress is locked.
3. a kind of large-scale three dimensional physical model Bit andits control overload test system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
It includes first level actuator group, the second horizontal actuator group, the horizontal actuator group of third and vertical that the load, which applies component,
Actuator group；The left column medial surface in central frame, the second horizontal actuator is arranged in the first level actuator group
The right column medial surface in central frame is arranged in group, and the horizontal actuator group of third is arranged in the support beam of rearward end frame
Side, the vertical actuator group are arranged in the head piece lower surface of central frame；The first level actuator group, the second water
Include several be uniformly arranged and the identical list of structure in the horizontal actuator group of flat actuator group, third and vertical actuator group
Body actuator；The monomer actuator includes counter-force hydraulic cylinder, rectangle load plate and magnetostrictive displacement sensor；The counter-force
Hydraulic cylinder is connected in by cylinder barrel on frame, and the rectangle load plate is perpendicularly fixedly arranged on the piston rod top of counter-force hydraulic cylinder,
Acoustic emission probe cloth apertured is offered in rectangle load plate；The magnetostrictive displacement sensor is connected to counter-force Barrel of Hydraulic Cylinders
Between rectangle load plate.
4. a kind of large-scale three dimensional physical model Bit andits control overload test system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
It includes that model sample prepares case, model sample plummer, model sample conveying rack, fortune that the model sample, which prepares and transports component,
Send frame driving hydraulic cylinder and plummer driving hydraulic cylinder；Surface is equipped with conveying rack guide rail, conveying rack guide rail on the base
Perpendicular with frame guide rail, the mounting height of conveying rack guide rail is more than frame guide rail, and with the conveying rack of frame guide rail intersection
Guide rail uses spliced removable assembling structure；Conveying rack sliding block is installed in the model sample conveying rack lower surface, passes through transport
Frame sliding block makes model sample conveying rack have linear movement degree of freedom on conveying rack guide rail；The model sample plummer setting
On model sample conveying rack, plummer guide rail is installed in model sample conveying rack upper surface, under model sample plummer
Surface is equipped with plummer idler wheel, so that model sample plummer is had linear movement on plummer guide rail by plummer idler wheel
Degree of freedom；Cross member upper surface in the model sample LOADED CAVITY of the central frame is equipped with carrying platform switching guide rail, leads to
Crossing plummer idler wheel makes model sample plummer have linear movement degree of freedom on plummer guide rail；The conveying rack drives liquid
Cylinder pressure is connected between pedestal and model sample conveying rack, and conveying rack driving hydraulic cylinder is parallel with conveying rack guide rail；It is described to hold
Microscope carrier driving hydraulic cylinder is connected between model sample conveying rack and model sample plummer, plummer driving hydraulic cylinder and carrying
Platform guide rail and carrying platform switching guide rail are parallel, lead between the piston rod and model sample plummer of plummer driving hydraulic cylinder
Lockset is crossed to be connected；The model sample prepares case and is located at model sample plummer upper surface.
5. a kind of large-scale three dimensional physical model Bit andits control overload test system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：
The hydraulic loading system component includes computer, controller, static loading oil sources, static loading separator and static loading oil
Road；The computer is connected with controller, and controller is connected with static loading oil sources, and static loading oil sources passes through static loading point
Oily device at least static loading oil circuit is connected all the way；
The static loading oil circuit includes the first electrohydraulic servo valve, the first electromagnet cut off valve and the second electromagnet cut off valve；Described
First oil inlet of one electrohydraulic servo valve is connected with static loading separator, in the first oil outlet of the first electrohydraulic servo valve and
A monomer actuator at least in parallel, the second oil outlet and the static loading oil sources phase of the first electrohydraulic servo valve between two oil inlets
Even；First electromagnet cut off valve is mounted on the pipeline between the first oil outlet and monomer actuator of the first electrohydraulic servo valve
On, second electromagnet cut off valve is mounted on the pipeline between the second oil inlet and monomer actuator of the first electrohydraulic servo valve
On；Static load voltage stabilizing oil circuit is connected on pipeline between first electromagnet cut off valve and monomer actuator；The static load is steady
Pressure oil road includes the first accumulator and third electromagnet cut off valve, and the first accumulator passes through third electromagnet cut off valve and monomer actuator
It is connected, first pressure sensor is installed on the pipeline between third electromagnet cut off valve and monomer actuator；Described second
Second pressure sensor is installed on the pipeline between electromagnet cut off valve and monomer actuator.
6. a kind of large-scale three dimensional physical model Bit andits control overload test method, uses large-scale three dimensional described in claim 1
Physical model Bit andits control overload test system, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
Step 1：Analog material is chosen according to test requirements document, model examination is carried out using analog material in model sample prepares case
The preparation of sample, and pre-buried monitoring sensor in model sample；
Step 2：After model sample reaches initial strength, model sample is demoulded, while detection model sample is smooth
Degree, verticality and compactness, it is ensured that all qualifieds of model sample；
Step 3：First model sample conveying rack is moved to immediately ahead of model sample LOADED CAVITY, then by model sample plummer
It being moved in model sample LOADED CAVITY, model sample enters in model sample LOADED CAVITY with model sample plummer at this time, then
The locking between model sample plummer and model sample conveying rack is released, model sample conveying rack is finally moved back into initial bit
It sets；
Step 4：Anti-deformation prestressing force loading frame component is adjusted to closed state from open state, so that central frame, preceding
End frame and rearward end frame form an entirety；
Step 5：Control first level actuator group, the second horizontal actuator group, the horizontal actuator group of third and vertical work respectively
Dynamic device group action, the precise alignment until completing model sample clamp；
Step 6：Using multi-panel multi-point cooperative displacement-control mode control first level actuator group, the second horizontal actuator group,
The horizontal actuator group of third and vertical actuator group carry out true triaxial static loading to model sample, then add in the static(al) of setting
It carries and model sample is implemented to dig under level, while the deformation fracture evolution condition of observation model sample；
Step 7：After the completion of cutting, stress state is switched into overload condition, the deformation fracture for continuing observation model sample is developed
Situation, until model sample destroys；
Step 8：Control first level actuator group, the second horizontal actuator group, the horizontal actuator group of third and vertical work respectively
Dynamic device group action, completes the unloading of model sample；
Step 9：First model sample conveying rack is moved to immediately ahead of model sample LOADED CAVITY, then by model sample plummer
Locked with model sample conveying rack, then by model sample plummer out of model sample LOADED CAVITY with to model sample transport
On frame, model sample conveying rack is finally moved back into initial position, and research is further analyzed to the model sample of taking-up.
7. a kind of large-scale three dimensional physical model Bit andits control overload test method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：
Multi-panel multi-point cooperative Bit andits control step is：
Step 1：In a computer on setting model sample in each loading surface each monomer actuator displacement loading speed, and
The displacement loading speed all same or not all the same of each monomer actuator；
Step 2：The first electromagnet cut off valve and the second electromagnet cut off valve in static loading oil circuit are opened, static load voltage stabilizing oil circuit is opened
In third electromagnet cut off valve；
Step 3：Start static loading oil sources, static loading is carried out to model sample according to the static load charge values of setting, when static state adds
When carrying the instantaneous pressure increase in oil circuit, pressure energy can be stored in the first accumulator in the form of compression energy, work as static loading
When instantaneous pressure in oil circuit reduces, the compression energy in the first accumulator can add in static loading oil circuit, ensure static add
The pressure for carrying oil circuit is steady；
Step 4：During static loading, counter-force hydraulic pressure in monomer actuator is monitored in real time by magnetostrictive displacement sensor
The displacement data of cylinder piston rod, the displacement data are fed back in controller first, then by controller to the first electrohydraulic servo valve
Fuel supply signal is sent out, and then dynamically adjusts the fuel delivery of counter-force hydraulic cylinder in real time by the first electrohydraulic servo valve, finally makes reality
Displacement loading speed meets setting value.
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| CN114216786A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-03-22 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Roof-cutting pressure-relief coal-pillar-free self-entry three-dimensional physical model test system and method |
| WO2024152389A1 (en) * | 2023-01-19 | 2024-07-25 | 东北大学 | Three-dimensional loading structure of ultra-large deep engineering disaster physical simulation facility |
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