CN108350975A - 液压支承 - Google Patents

液压支承 Download PDF

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CN108350975A
CN108350975A CN201680063926.2A CN201680063926A CN108350975A CN 108350975 A CN108350975 A CN 108350975A CN 201680063926 A CN201680063926 A CN 201680063926A CN 108350975 A CN108350975 A CN 108350975A
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shell
hydraulic
outer shroud
module
hydraulic support
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CN108350975B (zh
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W·贝克曼
P·法伦科夫
B·赫利
K·斯泰因
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Vibracoustic SE
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Trelleborg Vibracoustic GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/10—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
    • F16F13/103—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like characterised by method of assembly, production or treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K5/00—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units
    • B60K5/12—Arrangement of engine supports
    • B60K5/1208—Resilient supports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/10—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
    • F16F13/102—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like characterised by features of flexible walls of equilibration chambers; decoupling or self-tuning means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2226/00—Manufacturing; Treatments
    • F16F2226/04—Assembly or fixing methods; methods to form or fashion parts
    • F16F2226/041—Clipping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
    • F16F2230/10—Enclosure elements, e.g. for protection
    • F16F2230/105—Flexible, e.g. bellows or bladder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2232/00—Nature of movement
    • F16F2232/08—Linear
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2236/00—Mode of stressing of basic spring or damper elements or devices incorporating such elements
    • F16F2236/04—Compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2238/00—Type of springs or dampers
    • F16F2238/04—Damper

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Combined Devices Of Dampers And Springs (AREA)
  • Support Of The Bearing (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种尤其用于在车身上支承汽车发动机的液压支承(10)，包括具有托簧(11)的液压模块(30)，该托簧支撑支座芯体(12)、包围出工作腔(13)且支承在固定有盖(25)的外环(18)上，该液压模块还具有通过隔板(14)与工作腔(13)分隔开且由平衡膜(15)界定的平衡腔(17)，平衡腔(17)和工作腔(13)填充有阻尼液体且通过设置在该隔板(14)中的阻尼通道(16)相互流通相连。该液压支承还包括容置该液压模块(30)的壳体(31)。

Description

液压支承
本发明涉及尤其用于在车身上支承汽车发动机的液压支承，包括具有托簧的液压模块和容纳该液压模块的壳体，该托簧支撑支座芯体、包围出工作腔且支承在固定有盖的外环上，该液压模块还具有通过隔板与工作腔隔开的且由平衡膜界定的平衡腔，其中该平衡腔和工作腔填充有阻尼液体并通过设于隔板中的阻尼通道流通相连。此外，本发明涉及安装这种液压支承的方法。
这样的液压阻尼支承尤其被用于在车身上支承汽车发动机，以便一方面阻尼由车道不平引起的振动且另一方面隔绝声音振动。由车道不平引起的振动通过液压系统来阻尼，在此，该液压系统由液体阻尼的工作腔、平衡腔和连通这两个腔的阻尼通道构成。液压系统的工作方式可以描述如下：工作腔通过托簧的运动来增大或减小，在此，位于工作腔内的液体在阻尼通道上方被压入平衡腔中。在阻尼通道中振荡的液体造成阻尼。上述类型的液压支承通常具有液压模块和容纳液压模块的壳体。
这样的液压支承例如在EP1628040A1中被公开了。在那里所公开的液压支承中，液压模块借助平移运动被插入该壳体中。如此安装的液压支承随后通过壳体的卷边被封闭。支承外环具有径向橡胶衬以实现在周向上在壳体内可靠固定。液压模块和壳体在所公开的液压支承中以摩擦配合方式连接。
基于液压模块的结构设计，它通常只能借助转动运动被装入壳体中。为此必须在液压模块和壳体之间有一定间隙。
因此，本发明的任务是提出前述类型的液压支承，它借助转动运动可被安装在壳体中且关于在横向承受载荷时的发出噪音得到改善。
该任务通过一种根据权利要求1的液压支承和一种根据权利要求9的方法来完成。该液压支承的有利实施方式是从属权利要求的主题。
在本发明的液压支承中，所述外环具有径向凸起。该径向凸起具有衬有橡胶的轴向接触面且不带橡胶衬的径向外表面。通过在轴向接触面上衬有橡胶来补偿构件容差，使得在壳体与液压模块之间的轴向接触处存在面接触。通过由此获得的、相比于由容差决定的线性接触或仅点接触的接触面积的增大的接触面积以及通过橡胶相比于外环材料具有更大摩擦系数，在此位置上在工作过程中发生的、静摩擦因横向力过渡至滑动摩擦的转变被移位到技术上不相关的区域。可让客户感到的不希望有的、由所谓的粘滑运动效应引起的噪音由此被抑制。不带橡胶衬的径向外表面允许该液压模块在壳体中转动运动。该外环有利地具有轴向突出的且带有用于卡合盖的环槽的凸缘。因此，可以获得所述盖的简单安装。
在一个优选实施方式中，围绕外环和盖夹子的壳体抵靠该外环的轴向接触面。
该外环有利地由塑料、尤其是聚酰胺制造。
该轴向接触面的橡胶衬的厚度优选在0.5毫米至2毫米之间。
在所述液压模块与壳体之间有利地设有径向间隙。由此，该液压模块可以在将液压支承安装在壳体内时以一个安装角度略微转动。
在一个有利实施方式中，该液压模块通过转动运动被固定在壳体中。此时，可以在壳体上设有止挡，止挡限定该液压模块的转动运动。此外，可以在壳体上设有滑块导向机构，其引导液压模块的转动运动。
在一个有利实施方式中，该液压模块通过卷边被固定在该壳体上。在其它实施方式中可能且常见的是，该液压模块通过夹子连接或通过卡接在壳体与车身之间被固定。
本发明还涉及一种安装液压支承的方法，该液压支承包括液压模块和容置液压模块的壳体，其中该方法包括以下方法步骤：a)将预装的液压模块插入该壳体中，从而止挡缓冲件能被引导经过连接口，b)使液压模块相对于壳体转动一个安装角度，从而该壳体抵靠该轴向接触面并且包围该外环和盖的夹子，c)将壳体卷边以在轴向上在壳体内固定并扣紧该液压模块。
以下，结合如图示意性所示的实施例来详述本发明，其中：
图1示出根据本发明的液压支承的竖向截面，
图2示出带有硫化外环的托簧的放大截面图，在此省掉了其它构件，
图3示出在图1中虚线框住的区域的放大视图。
图1示出了用于在未示出的车身上支承未示出的汽车发动机的液压支承10。液压支承10具有由弹性体材料构成的托簧11用于支撑硫化的支座芯体12。发动机固定在支座芯体12上。在支座芯体12内插入螺栓连接件29。
托簧11界定出工作腔13，工作腔借助隔板14与平衡腔17分隔开。平衡腔17由平衡膜15界定，平衡膜也被称为膜片折叠囊。工作腔13和平衡腔17被填充液压液体且通过设于隔板14中的阻尼通道16流通相连。
隔板14具有上喷口板33和下喷口板35。上喷口板33和下喷口板35由塑料制造。在上喷口板33和下喷口板35之间容纳有退耦膜34。外环18被硫化至托簧11上，外环例如由聚酰胺制造。外环18具有带有轴向接触面20和径向外表面22的径向凸起19。尤其如图2清楚所示，在轴向接触面20上安置有橡胶衬21。此外，外环18具有轴向突出的且带有环槽24的凸缘23。托簧11与外环18和盖25通过盖25的插入凸缘23的环槽24中的夹子26相互连接，并且在它们之间包夹隔板14和平衡膜15且共同形成液压模块30。
如图1所示，将液压模块30插入壳体31中。图1示出了在完成液压模块30在壳体31内的转动运动之后的安装好的液压支承10的视图。
液压模块30在安装时首先借助平移运动被插入壳体31中，使得止挡缓冲件28能被引导穿过连接口27。接着，液压模块30借助转动运动而相对于壳体31转动一个安装角度，使得壳体31贴靠轴向接触面20并包围外环18和盖25的夹子26。最后，液压支承10的安装通过将壳体31卷边以在壳体31内固定并扣紧液压模块30而结束。
在安装状态中，止挡缓冲件28突出超过连接口27，尤其就像图1所示出的那样。壳体31在轴向上抵靠轴向接触面20的橡胶衬21。通过橡胶的弹性，外环18的和壳体31的构件容差被补偿，使得外环18和壳体31通过可限定的环形面接触。此外，在壳体31和外环18之间在径向上设有间隙。
壳体31完全包围该外环18以及盖25的夹子26。最后，液压模块30在壳体31中通过壳体31的卷边被固定，从而可以在壳体31的末端形成卷边32。
通过所述卷边，液压模块30被附加拉向壳体31，由此增强在轴向接触面20和橡胶衬21上存在的表面压紧。这还使从静摩擦至滑动摩擦的转变移位。
图2和图3示出了外环18的其它视图。在图2中尤其省掉了周围构件即壳体31、隔板14、盖25和平衡膜15。图3示出了外环18周围区域的放大局部。
概括地讲，在本发明的液压支承中，因为外环18的径向外表面22不带橡胶衬，故借助转动运动将液压模块30安装入壳体31变得简单。
外环18的衬有橡胶的轴向接触面20在安装状态中被压到壳体31上。由此使在承受横向载荷时在该接触面上从静摩擦至滑动摩擦的转变被移位，使得在外环21相对于壳体31相对运动时由所谓粘滑运动效应引起的不希望有的噪音被抑制。
附图标记列表
10液压支承；11托簧；12支座芯体；13工作腔；14隔板；15平衡膜；16阻尼通道；17平衡腔；18外环；19径向凸起；20轴向接触面；21橡胶衬；22径向外表面；23凸缘；24环槽；25盖；26夹子；27连接口；28止挡缓冲件；29螺栓连接件；30液压模块；31壳体；32卷边；33上喷口板；34退耦膜；35下喷口板。

Claims (9)

1.一种尤其用于在车身上支承汽车发动机的液压支承(10)，包括：
具有托簧(11)的液压模块(30)，该托簧支撑支座芯体(12)、包围出工作腔(13)且支承在固定有盖(25)的外环(18)上，该液压模块还具有通过隔板(14)与该工作腔(13)分隔开的且由平衡膜(15)界定的平衡腔(17)，其中该平衡腔(17)和该工作腔(13)填充有阻尼液体且通过设置在该隔板(14)中的阻尼通道(16)相互流通相连.和
容置该液压模块(30)的壳体(31)，
其特征是，该外环(18)具有径向凸起(19)，其中该径向凸起(19)具有衬有橡胶的轴向接触面(20)和不带橡胶衬的径向外表面(22)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的液压支承(10)，其特征是，该外环(18)具有轴向突出的且带有用于卡接所述盖(25)的环槽(24)的凸缘(23)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的液压支承(10)，其特征是，包围所述外环(18)和盖(25)的夹子(26)的壳体(31)抵靠该外环(18)的轴向接触面(20)。
4.根据前述权利要求之一所述的液压支承(10)，其特征是，该外环(18)由塑料、尤其是聚酰胺制造。
5.根据前述权利要求之一所述的液压支承(10)，其特征是，该轴向接触面(20)的橡胶衬(21)的厚度在0.5毫米与2毫米之间。
6.根据前述权利要求之一所述的液压支承(10)，其特征是，在所述液压模块(30)与壳体(31)之间设有径向间隙。
7.根据权利要求6所述的液压支承(10)，其特征是，该液压模块(30)通过转动运动在该壳体(31)内被固定。
8.根据前述权利要求之一所述的液压支承(10)，其特征是，该液压模块(30)通过卷边被固定在该壳体(31)上。
9.一种安装根据前述权利要求之一所述的液压支承(10)的方法，该液压支承包括液压模块(30)和容置该液压模块(30)的壳体(31)，其中该方法包括以下方法步骤：
(a)将预装的液压模块(30)插入该壳体(31)中，使得止挡缓冲件(28)能被引导穿过该连接口(27)。
(b)使该液压模块(30)相对于该壳体(31)转动一个安装角度，从而该壳体(31)抵靠该轴向接触面(20)并包围所述外环(18)和所述盖(25)的夹子(26)。
(c)将该壳体(31)卷边以沿轴向在壳体(31)内固定并扣紧该液压模块(30)。
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