CN108344740A - A kind of expansion soil scene method of discrimination based on PIV technologies - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of swelled ground free swelling rate scene method of discrimination based on PIV technologies.This method includes making swelled ground undisturbed test specimen, the stabilization time of surface of test piece crack displacement is determined using PIV technologies, obtain the moment surface each point accumulative displacement scalar average value, it establishes displacement scalar average value and the correspondence of the free swelling rate of test specimen soil sample obtains Discussion of Linear Model, Discussion of Linear Model is corrected according to the experimental result under undisturbed soil sample difference initial aqueous rate, finally obtains the swelled ground free swelling rate scene method of discrimination based on PIV technologies.When field application, the initial aqueous rate of test site soil sample real-time accumulative displacement scalar average value and soil sample, you can apply the dilatancy of this method scene quick discrimination soil layer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil expansion grade discrimination fields, and in particular to a kind of expansion soil scene based on PIV technologies
Method of discrimination.
Background technology
Particle Image Velocimetry (particle image veloci-metry, PIV) is to identify skill based on image procossing
A kind of particle displacement measuring technology of art has many advantages, such as continuous dislocation measurement, efficient quick, is measured without intervention, extensive
Applied to related disciplines such as hydrodynamics, experiment mechanics.
The differentiation of soil expansion grade scene is the necessary links of swelled ground distributed area Construction of Civil Engineering, is opened for judging
The availability of shoveling layer and the protectiving scheme for determining foundation plane after excavation.Ordinary circumstance is that weak expansive soil is available and basal plane is weak
Protection, the medium above swelled ground reject and basal plane protect by force.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of swelled ground free swelling rate scene method of discrimination based on PIV technologies, in this way between
It connects and quickly determines soil body free swelling rate, reach the live expansile purpose of quick discrimination soil layer.
The present invention solves its technical problem and is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of expansion soil scene method of discrimination based on PIV technologies, includes the following steps：
(1) test specimen after swelled ground undisturbed saturation is made；
(2) time of the displacement stabilization of surface of test piece is determined with Particle Image Velocimetry；
(3) average value of calculation testing piece surface accumulative displacement scalar；
(4) free swelling rate test is carried out to test specimen；
(5) relationship of the average value and free swelling rate of surface of test piece accumulative displacement scalar is established；
(6) the amendment system that Water Content Tests in Soil Samples influences the average value of swelled ground undisturbed surface accumulative displacement scalar is calculated
Number；
(7) the expansile scene judgement of swelled ground.
Further, the specific method of the step (1) is：The undisturbed soil sample for taking different inflation levels, by different expansions
Respectively as test specimen after the undisturbed soil sample saturation of grade, it is 0.075~0.25mm that the test specimen upper surface, which covers single layer grain size,
Normal sand, for surface of test piece to be identified as the combination being made of different characteristic granule.
Further, test specimen is sampled by steel die from undisturbed soil sample, and the steel die is cylindric, and institute
The a diameter of 61.8mm of steel die is stated, is highly 10mm, the steel die open at one end is simultaneously set as cutting edge, the steel die
The other end is closed.
Further, the method for the step (2) is：The test specimen obtained in step (1) is respectively placed in 100 DEG C of constant temperature
In environment, the surface of test piece image that two neighboring timing node obtains respectively is handled using Particle Image Velocimetry, to obtain
Obtain the displacement scalar of different granules in surface of test piece in the period：It is big that gradient color between black and white is corresponded into displacement scalar value
It is small, so that each pixel displacement scalar is shown in the form of gray-scale map, when each pixel of image of shooting of two neighboring time point
When point is not subjected to displacement, i.e., the displacement of each granule is zero in surface of test piece in the two neighboring time point, and gray-scale map is aobvious at this time
It is shown as black, thereby determines that the displacement of surface of test piece each point reaches stable state, by the latter of the two neighboring timing node
Timing node is determined as displacement stabilization time.
Further, the specific method of the step (3) is：Count the displacement scalar of all pixels point in gray-scale map, meter
It calculates its scalar mean value and scalar mean value is defined as incremental displacement scalar average value, stablized according to the displacement that mark step (2) obtains
Time, it is average to obtain accumulative displacement scalar the incremental displacement scalar mean value in the gray-scale map obtained before cumulative stabilization time
Value.
Further, the specific method of the step (4) is：Foundation《Technical code for buildings in swelling soil zone》Middle Appendix D
Free swell test step, free swelling rate test is carried out to the test specimen soil samples of different inflation levels.
Further, the specific method of the step (5) is：The accumulative displacement scalar average value of linear fit surface of test piece
Correlation state between the free swelling rate of test specimen soil sample, obtains linearly related empirical model.
Further, the specific method of the step (6) is：After the undisturbed soil sample saturation of same free swelling rate result
Different water cut is air-dried, is fabricated to sample respectively, also covering single layer grain size is 0.075~0.25mm's for the sample upper surface
Normal sand implements the sample step of aforementioned test for specimen surface to be identified as the combination being made of different characteristic granule
Suddenly (2) and step (3) obtain surface accumulative displacement scalar average value, and it is flat with surface accumulative displacement scalar to establish initial aqueous rate
The correspondence of mean value obtains the initial aqueous rate correction factor based on saturation undisturbed sample linear correlation empirical model.
Further, the specific method of the step (7) is：According to step (1)~step (3), undisturbed soil is made
Sample test specimen obtains surface of test piece accumulative displacement scalar average value；Soil sample initial aqueous rate is measured according to alcohol combustion method；According to step
Suddenly (5) and step (6), correct to obtain the free swelling rate of soil sample, thus by linearly related empirical model and initial aqueous rate
Judge the dilatancy of soil sample.
Further, the specific steps of test specimen upper surface displacement stabilization time are determined in the step (2) with PIV methods
For：
step1：From test specimen is put into the isoperibol moment, test specimen table is obtained in same period using industrial camera
Face image, interval time can be 5~10min；
step2：According to the diameter of cutting ringAnd the pixel number that the diameter length includes in photo,
Define the length of picture single pixel point；
step3：A scalar maximum value is determined according to the maximal increment displacement scalar of swelled ground area, is defined as this area
Scalar maximum；The size of displacement scalar is divided by the color change of gray-scale map, in gray-scale map, scalar maximum
It is shown as white, scalar zero is shown as black, and scalar median is shown as gradient color, thus defines displacement scalar sum gray scale face
The correspondence of color；
step4：Using the surface of test piece image of Particle Image Velocimetry processing adjacent moment shooting, incremental displacement is obtained
Gray-scale map；
step5：When each pixel of image of shooting of two neighboring time point is not subjected to displacement, i.e. the period inner surface
The displacement of upper each granule is zero, and gray-scale map is shown as black at this time, thereby determines that the displacement of surface of test piece each point reaches stable shape
The posterior nodal point of period is determined as displacement stabilization time by state.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
Compared with prior art, PIV image processing techniques is easy to operate, can contactlessly obtain surface of test piece displacement field,
Its dynamic displacement process is obtained, measurement result accuracy is high, can meet experimental analysis requirement.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the incremental displacement gray-scale map of 0~10min；
Fig. 2 is the incremental displacement gray-scale map of 40~50min；
Fig. 3 is the incremental displacement gray-scale map of 50~60min；
Fig. 4 is gray scale object staff；
Fig. 5 is dilatancy discrimination standard matched curve.
Specific implementation mode
Below by specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, and following embodiment is descriptive, is not limit
Qualitatively, protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited with this.
A kind of expansion soil scene method of discrimination based on PIV technologies, includes the following steps：
(1) test specimen after swelled ground undisturbed saturation is made.Specific method is：The undisturbed soil sample of different inflation levels is taken,
Test specimen is sampled by steel die, and steel die is cylindric, and a diameter of 61.8mm of steel die, is highly 10mm, steel
Molding jig open at one end is simultaneously set as cutting edge, the closing of the steel die other end.It is pressed after the undisturbed soil sample of different inflation levels is saturated
According to《Standard for test methods of earthworks》In 3.1 samples prepare in method for making sample make test specimen, test specimen upper surface covers single layer
Grain size be 0.075~0.25mm normal sand, the feature for identifying surface of test piece different location, by surface of test piece be identified as by
The combination of different characteristic granule composition.
(2) time of the surface displacement stabilization of test specimen is determined with PIV technologies.The test specimen difference that will be obtained in step (1)
It is placed in 100 DEG C of isoperibol, the surface of test piece image obtained respectively using the two neighboring timing node of PIV technical finesses,
To obtain the displacement scalar of different granules in surface of test piece in the period：Gradient color between black and white is corresponded into displacement mark
Magnitude size makes each pixel displacement scalar be shown in the form of gray-scale map, when the image of shooting of two neighboring time point
When each pixel is not subjected to displacement, i.e., the displacement of each granule is zero in surface of test piece in the two neighboring timing node, at this time
Gray-scale map is shown as black, thereby determines that the displacement of surface of test piece each point reaches stable state, by the two neighboring timing node
The latter timing node be determined as displacement stabilization time.
In step (2) with PIV methods determine test specimen upper surface displacement stabilization time the specific steps are：
step1：Start to be denoted as 0 moment at the time of experiment, it is every using industrial camera from test specimen is put into the isoperibol moment
Surface of test piece image is obtained every one photo of shooting in 10 minutes；
step2：Before using PIV softwares processing picture, according to the diameter of cutting ringAnd it should in photo
The pixel number that diameter length includes defines the length of picture single pixel point；
step3：A scalar maximum value is determined according to the maximal increment displacement scalar of swelled ground area, is defined as this area
Scalar maximum；The size of displacement scalar is divided by the color change of gray-scale map, in gray-scale map, scalar maximum
It is shown as white, scalar zero is shown as black, and scalar median is shown as gradient color, thus defines displacement scalar sum gray scale face
The correspondence of color；
step4：When experiment proceeds to 10min, 0min and 10min two photos shot can be passed through
Image processing software is handled；Similarly, when experiment proceeds to 20min, the two groups of photos that can be shot to 10min and 20min are sharp
It is handled with software；By 0min and 10min, 10min and 20min (20min and 30min, 30min and 40min ...) processing
As a result it is known as incremental displacement gray-scale map；
step5：The gray value of each pixel in incremental displacement gray-scale map is counted, when two neighboring timing node is clapped
When each pixel of image taken the photograph is not subjected to displacement, i.e., the displacement of each granule is zero on the period inner surface, and gray-scale map is aobvious at this time
It is shown as black, thereby determines that the displacement of surface of test piece each point reaches stable state, the posterior nodal point of period, which is determined as displacement, to be stablized
Time.
(3) average value of calculation testing piece surface accumulative displacement scalar；The displacement scalar of all pixels point in gray-scale map is counted,
It calculates its scalar mean value and scalar mean value is defined as incremental displacement scalar average value, the displacement obtained according to mark step (2) is steady
It is flat to obtain accumulative displacement scalar for fixed time, the incremental displacement scalar mean value in the gray-scale map obtained before cumulative stabilization time
Mean value.
(4) free swelling rate test is carried out to test specimen；Foundation《Technical code for buildings in swelling soil zone》The freedom of middle Appendix D
Swelling rate test step carries out free swelling rate test to the test specimen soil sample of different inflation levels.
(5) relationship of the average value and free swelling rate of surface of test piece accumulative displacement scalar is established；Linear fit test specimen table
Correlation state between the accumulative displacement scalar average value in face and the free swelling rate of test specimen soil sample, obtains linearly related experience
Model.
(6) the amendment system that Water Content Tests in Soil Samples influences the average value of swelled ground undisturbed surface accumulative displacement scalar is calculated
Number；To air-drying different water cut after the undisturbed soil sample saturation of same free swelling rate result, it is fabricated to sample respectively, the sample
The upper surface normal sand that also covering single layer grain size is 0.075~0.25mm, for being identified as specimen surface by different characteristic
Granule composition combination, to the sample implement aforementioned test the step of (2) and step (3), obtain surface accumulative displacement scalar put down
Mean value establishes the correspondence of initial aqueous rate and surface accumulative displacement scalar average value, obtains based on saturation undisturbed sample line
The initial aqueous rate correction factor of property correlation experience model.
(7) the expansile scene judgement of swelled ground；According to step (1)~step (3), undisturbed soil sample test specimen is made,
Obtain surface of test piece accumulative displacement scalar average value；Soil sample initial aqueous rate is measured according to alcohol combustion method；According to step (5) and
Step (6) is corrected to obtain the free swelling rate of soil sample, thus judges soil sample by linearly related empirical model and initial aqueous rate
Dilatancy.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of expansion soil scene method of discrimination based on PIV technologies, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
(1) test specimen after swelled ground undisturbed saturation is made；
(2) time of the displacement stabilization of surface of test piece is determined with Particle Image Velocimetry；
(3) average value of calculation testing piece surface accumulative displacement scalar；
(4) free swelling rate test is carried out to test specimen；
(5) relationship of the average value and free swelling rate of surface of test piece accumulative displacement scalar is established；
(6) correction factor that Water Content Tests in Soil Samples influences the average value of swelled ground undisturbed surface accumulative displacement scalar is calculated；
(7) the expansile scene judgement of swelled ground.
2. a kind of expansion soil scene method of discrimination based on PIV technologies as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step
Suddenly the specific method of (1) is：The undisturbed soil sample for taking different inflation levels, after the undisturbed soil sample of different inflation levels is saturated respectively
As test specimen, the test specimen upper surface covers the normal sand that single layer grain size is 0.075~0.25mm, is used for surface of test piece mark
Know the combination to be made of different characteristic granule.
3. a kind of expansion soil scene method of discrimination based on PIV technologies as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：Test specimen by
Steel die is sampled from undisturbed soil sample, and the steel die is cylindric, and a diameter of 61.8mm of the steel die,
Height is 10mm, and the steel die open at one end is simultaneously set as cutting edge, the steel die other end closing.
4. a kind of expansion soil scene method of discrimination based on PIV technologies as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The step
Suddenly the method for (2) is：The test specimen obtained in step (1) is respectively placed in 100 DEG C of isoperibol, particle image velocimetry is utilized
The surface of test piece image that the two neighboring timing node of technical finesse obtains respectively, to obtain in the period in surface of test piece not
With the displacement scalar of granule：Gradient color between black and white is corresponded into displacement scalar value size, make each pixel displacement scalar with
The form of gray-scale map shown, when each pixel of image of shooting of two neighboring time point is not subjected to displacement, i.e. the phase
The displacement of each granule is zero in surface of test piece in adjacent two time points, and gray-scale map is shown as black at this time, thereby determines that test specimen table
The displacement of face each point reaches stable state, when the latter timing node of the two neighboring timing node is determined as displacement stabilization
Between.
5. a kind of expansion soil scene method of discrimination based on PIV technologies as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The step
Suddenly the specific method of (3) is：The displacement scalar for counting all pixels point in gray-scale map calculates its scalar mean value and by scalar mean value
It is defined as incremental displacement scalar average value, according to the time that the displacement that mark step (2) obtains is stablized, before stabilization time of adding up
To gray-scale map in incremental displacement scalar mean value, obtain accumulative displacement scalar average value.
6. a kind of expansion soil scene method of discrimination based on PIV technologies as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The step
Suddenly the specific method of (4) is：Foundation《Technical code for buildings in swelling soil zone》The free swell test step of middle Appendix D is right
The test specimen soil sample of different inflation levels carries out free swelling rate test.
7. a kind of expansion soil scene method of discrimination based on PIV technologies as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：The step
Suddenly the specific method of (5) is：The free swelling rate of the accumulative displacement scalar average value and test specimen soil sample of linear fit surface of test piece
Between correlation state, obtain linearly related empirical model.
8. a kind of expansion soil scene method of discrimination based on PIV technologies as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The step
Suddenly the specific method of (6) is：To air-drying different water cut after the undisturbed soil sample saturation of same free swelling rate result, make respectively
It is made sample, the sample upper surface normal sand that also covering single layer grain size is 0.075~0.25mm is used for specimen surface mark
The step of knowing the combination to be made of different characteristic granule, implementing aforementioned test to the sample (2) and step (3), obtain surface
Accumulative displacement scalar average value is established the correspondence of initial aqueous rate and surface accumulative displacement scalar average value, is based on
It is saturated the initial aqueous rate correction factor of undisturbed sample linear correlation empirical model.
9. a kind of expansion soil scene method of discrimination based on PIV technologies as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that：The step
Suddenly the specific method of (7) is：According to step (1)~step (3), undisturbed soil sample test specimen is made, it is accumulative to obtain surface of test piece
Displacement scalar average value；Soil sample initial aqueous rate is measured according to alcohol combustion method；According to step (5) and step (6), by linear
Correlation experience model and initial aqueous rate are corrected to obtain the free swelling rate of soil sample, thus judge the dilatancy of soil sample.
10. a kind of expansion soil scene method of discrimination based on PIV technologies as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The step
Suddenly in (2) with PIV methods determine test specimen upper surface displacement stabilization time the specific steps are：
step1：From test specimen is put into the isoperibol moment, surface of test piece figure is obtained in same period using industrial camera
Picture, interval time can be 5~10min；
step2：According to the diameter of cutting ringAnd the pixel number that the diameter length includes in photo, definition
The length of picture single pixel point；
step3：A scalar maximum value is determined according to the maximal increment displacement scalar of swelled ground area, is defined as the mark of this area
Measure maximum；The size of displacement scalar is divided by the color change of gray-scale map, and in gray-scale map, scalar maximum is shown
For white, scalar zero is shown as black, and scalar median is shown as gradient color, thus defines displacement scalar sum greyscale color
Correspondence；
step4：Using the surface of test piece image of Particle Image Velocimetry processing adjacent moment shooting, incremental displacement gray scale is obtained
Figure；
step5：It is when each pixel of image of shooting of two neighboring time point is not subjected to displacement, i.e., each on the period inner surface
The displacement of granule is zero, and gray-scale map is shown as black at this time, thereby determines that the displacement of surface of test piece each point reaches stable state, will
The posterior nodal point of period is determined as displacement stabilization time.
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| CN114166633A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-11 | 华北水利水电大学 | Test method for rapidly and accurately obtaining tensile strength of soil body based on PIV technology |
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| 王世鑫: "基于粒子图像测速技术的黏性土变形测量研究", 《南 京 工 业 大 学 学 报 ( 自 然 科 学 版)》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114136773A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-03-04 | 苏州大学 | PIV (particle image velocimetry) enhanced measurement method for plane strain soil sample deformation |
| CN114136773B (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2023-01-17 | 苏州大学 | PIV (particle image velocimetry) enhanced measurement method for plane strain soil sample deformation |
| CN114166633A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-11 | 华北水利水电大学 | Test method for rapidly and accurately obtaining tensile strength of soil body based on PIV technology |
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