CN108344719B - 一种基于铱配合物的用于卤代烷烃检测的传感器及其应用 - Google Patents

一种基于铱配合物的用于卤代烷烃检测的传感器及其应用 Download PDF

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CN108344719B
CN108344719B CN201810009227.0A CN201810009227A CN108344719B CN 108344719 B CN108344719 B CN 108344719B CN 201810009227 A CN201810009227 A CN 201810009227A CN 108344719 B CN108344719 B CN 108344719B
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刘晋彪
王玉超
王艳华
袁斯甜
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种基于铱配合物的用于卤代烷烃检测的传感器,由硫脲和铱配合物组成,所述铱配合物为环铱配合物,所述环铱配合物中NN配体上含有邻二醌结构,能够与烷基硫代甲脒类物质发生环加成。本发明采用新的检测机理,利用硫脲和本发明的环铱配合物组成一个传感器,对卤代烷烃进行检测的。本发明的环铱配合物的发光寿命比较长,Stokes位移大,可以利用时间分辨手段,排除生物体自身荧光的干扰,而且具有很好的选择性和线性关系,荧光响应强,能够有效快速的检测卤代烷烃的种类和数量。

Description

一种基于铱配合物的用于卤代烷烃检测的传感器及其应用
技术领域
本发明涉及卤代烷烃检测的传感器领域,尤其涉及一种基于铱配合物的用于卤代烷烃检测的传感器及其应用。
背景技术
卤代烃如苄基溴在有机合成和药物合成中是常用的合成子,具有非常强的亲电性。这也导致其成为急性有毒试剂和诱变剂。所以,药物中的卤代烃含量必须严格限制。此外,卤代烃也常用作化学武器,因此对于卤代烃的检测是非常有必要的。利用荧光检测卤代烃是非常好一种方法。目前报道过烷基卤化物的荧光传感器通常利用含氮化合物与卤代烃发生亲核取代反应,生成铵盐。因此,拓展一种新的简单、灵敏、选择性高的检测方法是非常有必要的。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种基于铱配合物的用于卤代烷烃检测的传感器及其应用解决现有现有技术存在的问题。
为了实现上述的目的,采用如下的技术方案:
一种基于铱配合物的用于卤代烷烃检测的传感器,由硫脲和铱配合物组成,所述铱配合物为环铱配合物,所述环铱配合物中NN配体上含有邻二醌结构,能够与烷基硫代甲脒类物质发生环加成。
本发明的环铱配合物中NN配体上含有邻二醌结构,能够与烷基硫代甲脒类物质发生环加成,从而影响到环铱配合物的金属-配体的电荷转移,进而改变环铱配合物的发光性质。而卤代烷烃与硫脲可以快速反应生成烷基硫代甲脒类化合物。因此可以利用硫脲和本发明的环铱配合物组成一个传感器,对卤代烷烃进行检测。
进一步的,所述环铱配合物的结构式如下:
Figure 2
进一步的,所述环铱配合物的制备方法,主要包括以下步骤:
(1)往4mL二氯甲烷和4mL甲醇混合溶剂中,加入0.12mmol 1,10-菲罗啉-5,6-二酮和0.056 mmol二氯桥连络合物[Ir(pbi)2Cl]2,在65 °C下,氮气氛围中,反应12小时;
(2)反应结束后,降温至常温,往反应液中加入0.24mmol的NH4PF6,常温搅拌0.5小时;
(3)进行柱层析分离,得到配合物。
上述的传感器的应用,用于卤代烷烃的检测。所述卤代烷烃的检测方法,主要包括以下步骤:
(1)在9:1 v/v 的DMF-H2O溶剂中,加入环铱配合物,形成4μM的环铱配合物溶液;
(2)将卤代烷烃与硫脲按照1:1的物质的量混合,溶解在DMF中,形成不同的浓度的溶液;
(3)然后分别往步骤(1)所得环铱配合物溶液中加入不同浓度的卤代烷烃-硫脲溶液,5min内检测其荧光光谱,得到所述的卤代烷烃浓度与荧光强度的标准曲线图;
(4)将待测卤代烃溶解到含100μM的硫脲溶液中;再加入步骤(1)所得环铱配合物溶液中,5min内检测其荧光光谱,并跟步骤(4)所得标准曲线图进行对比,得到待测卤代烃的种类和浓度。
与现有技术相比,本发明采用新的检测机理,环铱配合物的NN配体上含有邻二醌结构,能够与烷基硫代甲脒类物质发生环加成,从而影响到环铱配合物的金属-配体的电荷转移,进而改变环铱配合物的发光性质;而卤代烷烃与硫脲可以快速反应生成烷基硫代甲脒类化合物,因此可以利用硫脲和本发明的环铱配合物组成一个传感器,对卤代烷烃进行检测的。本发明的环铱配合物的发光寿命比较长,Stokes位移大,可以利用时间分辨手段,排除生物体自身荧光的干扰,而且具有很好的选择性和线性关系,荧光响应强,能够有效快速的检测卤代烷烃的种类和数量。
附图说明
图1为本发明的基于铱配合物的用于卤代烷烃检测的传感器对苄基溴的发光检测的检测机理图;
图2为本发明的环铱配合物的合成示意图;
图3为本发明的环铱配合物的紫外可见吸收光谱图;
图4中图4(a)为实施例1环铱配合物溶液中加入不同浓度的苄溴-硫脲溶液,得到的荧光光谱标准曲线图;图4中图4(b)为荧光强度与苄溴-硫脲溶液浓度的线性关系图;
图5为环铱配合物溶液与苄溴-硫脲溶液及其常见阴离子、半胱氨酸、谷胱甘肽的荧光性质对比图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步地详细描述。
实施例1
一种环铱配合物(Ir_1)的制备方法,合成示意图如图2所示,主要包括以下步骤:
(1)往4mL二氯甲烷和4mL甲醇混合溶剂中,加入0.12mmol 1,10-菲罗啉-5,6-二酮和0.056 mmol二氯桥连络合物[Ir(pbi)2Cl]2,在65 °C下,氮气氛围中,反应12小时;
(2)反应结束后,降温至常温,往反应液中加入0.24mmol的NH4PF6,常温搅拌0.5小时;
(3)进行柱层析分离,得到配合物,产率为57%。
将制备得到环铱配合物溶解于乙腈中,浓度为25 μM,得到的紫外可见吸收光谱图如图3所示,光物理性质如表1所示。该环铱配合物中NN配体上含有邻二醌结构,能够与烷基硫代甲脒类物质发生环加成,从而影响到环铱配合物的金属-配体的电荷转移,进而改变环铱配合物的发光性质。而卤代烷烃与硫脲可以快速反应生成烷基硫代甲脒类化合物。因此可以利用硫脲和配合物组成一个传感器,对卤代烷烃进行检测。环铱配合物与硫脲构成传感器对卤代烷烃的检测方法,主要包括以下步骤:
(1)在9:1 v/v 的DMF-H2O溶剂中,加入环铱配合物,形成4μM的环铱配合物溶液;
(2)将不同种类的分别卤代烷烃与硫脲按照1:1的物质的量混合,溶解在DMF中,分别形成不同的浓度的溶液;
(3)然后分别往步骤(1)所得环铱配合物溶液中加入不同浓度的卤代烷烃-硫脲溶液,5min内检测其荧光光谱,得到所述的卤代烷烃浓度与荧光强度的标准曲线图;
(4)将待测卤代烃溶解到含100μM的硫脲溶液中;再加入步骤(1)所得环铱配合物溶液中,5min内检测其荧光光谱,并跟步骤(4)所得标准曲线图进行对比,得到待测卤代烃的种类和浓度。
表1环铱配合物的光物理性质
QuantμM yield λex / nm λem / nm Lifetime / µs UV-Vis absorption λabs / nm (ε / dm<sup>3</sup> mol<sup>–1</sup> cm<sup>–1</sup>)
0.026 320 582 10.040 ± 8.474× 10<sup>-3</sup> 205 (2.1× 10<sup>4</sup>), 240 (1.6× 10<sup>4</sup>), 300 (9.9× 10<sup>3</sup>), 368 (2.8× 10<sup>3</sup>)
实施例2
将按照实施例1制备得到的环铱配合物与硫脲构成传感器,检测苄基溴。检测机理如图1所示。而苄基溴与硫脲可以快速反应生成烷基硫代甲脒类化合物。烷基硫代甲脒类化合物与环铱配合物中NN配体上的邻二醌结构发生环加成,从而影响到环铱配合物的金属-配体的电荷转移,进而改变环铱配合物的发光性质。
环铱配合物与硫脲构成传感器对苄基溴的检测方法,主要包括以下步骤:
在DMF-H2O (9:1 v/v)的溶剂中,加入环铱配合物,形成4μM的溶液。另外,将苄溴与硫脲1:1的物质的量混合,溶解在DMF中,形成0-120 µM的溶液。然后分别往环铱配合物溶液中加入不同浓度的苄基溴-硫脲溶液,5min内检测其荧光光谱。加入的待检测苄基溴-硫脲溶液的浓度从0-120 µM,得到的光谱图见图4。从图4中图4(a)可以看出加入不同浓度的苄基溴-硫脲溶液后,配合物的荧光强度逐渐增强,最多可达到25倍之多。从图4中图4(b)可以看出,在0.8-8 μM的苄基溴-硫脲范围内,荧光强度的升高具有很好的线性关系,R2 =0.996,检出限可达0.39 μM。如需要检测药物或者其它待测样品中苄基溴的浓度,则将药物或者其它待测样品溶解到含100μM的硫脲溶液中;再加入步骤环铱配合物溶液中,5min内检测其荧光光谱,并跟图4进行对比,得到药物或者其它待测样品中苄基溴的浓度。
实施例3
为了验证环铱配合物的选择性。将按照实施例1的方法将制备得到的环铱配合物对常见阴离子(配合物的25倍物质的量),如F-, Cl-, Br-, I-, SO4 2-, CO3 2-, S2O3 2-,以及半胱氨酸和谷胱甘肽的荧光性质,如图5所示,发现环铱配合物对这些物质基本不发生荧光增强。
实施例4
环铱配合物对类似结构的卤代烷烃的检测效果的探讨。
如表2所示,按照实施例1的方法往环铱配合物溶液中,加入25倍物质的量的卤代烃-硫脲溶液,配合物的荧光都有很大的增强。如苄氯-硫脲可达24.9倍,烯丙基溴-硫脲可达24.8倍,炔丙基溴-硫脲可达23倍,溴乙酸乙酯-硫脲可达19.6倍,碘甲烷-硫脲可达22倍。而当加入溴苯-硫脲时,荧光强度基本没用增强;倘若只加苄溴或者硫脲,配合物的荧光也都无明显增强。
表2 往4 µM环铱配合物溶液中加入0.1 mM类似结构的卤代烷烃的检测
Entry Additive Imax/I0
1 BnBr-Thiourea 25.3
2 BnCl-Thiourea 24.9
3 AllylBr-Thiourea 24.8
4 PropargylBr-Thiourea 23.0
5 EtOCOCH2Br-Thiourea 19.6
6 MeI-Thiourea 22.0
7 PhBr-Thiourea 1.1
8 BnBr 1.0
9 Thiourea 1.2
以上所揭露的仅为本发明较佳实施例而已,当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围,因此依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化,仍属本发明所涵盖的范围。

Claims (5)

1.一种基于铱配合物的用于卤代烷烃检测的传感器,其特征在于,由硫脲和铱配合物组成,所述铱配合物为环铱配合物,所述环铱配合物中NN配体上含有邻二醌结构,能够与烷基硫代甲脒类物质发生环加成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的传感器,其特征在于,所述环铱配合物的结构式如下:
Figure 1
3.根据权利要求2所述的传感器,其特征在于,所述环铱配合物的制备方法,主要包括以下步骤:
(1)往4mL二氯甲烷和4mL甲醇混合溶剂中,加入0.12mmol 1,10-菲罗啉-5,6-二酮和0.056mmol二氯桥连络合物[Ir(pbi)2Cl]2,在65℃下,氮气氛围中,反应12小时;
(2)反应结束后,降温至常温,往反应液中加入0.24mmol的NH4PF6,常温搅拌0.5小时;
(3)进行柱层析分离,得到配合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的传感器的应用,其特征在于,用于卤代烷烃的检测。
5.根据权利要求1所述的传感器的应用,其特征在于,所述卤代烷烃的检测方法,主要包括以下步骤:
(1)在9:1v/v的DMF-H2O溶剂中,加入环铱配合物,形成4μM的环铱配合物溶液;
(2)将卤代烷烃与硫脲按照1:1的物质的量混合,溶解在DMF中,形成不同的浓度的溶液;
(3)然后分别往步骤(1)所得环铱配合物溶液中加入不同浓度的卤代烷烃-硫脲溶液,5min内检测其荧光光谱,得到所述的卤代烷烃浓度与荧光强度的标准曲线图;
(4)将待测卤代烃溶解到含100μM的硫脲溶液中;再加入步骤(1)所得环铱配合物溶液中,5min内检测其荧光光谱,并跟步骤(3)所得标准曲线图进行对比,得到待测卤代烃的种类和浓度。
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