CN108336783B - Energy storage system and control method for voltage difference between battery clusters - Google Patents
Energy storage system and control method for voltage difference between battery clusters Download PDFInfo
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- CN108336783B CN108336783B CN201810114197.XA CN201810114197A CN108336783B CN 108336783 B CN108336783 B CN 108336783B CN 201810114197 A CN201810114197 A CN 201810114197A CN 108336783 B CN108336783 B CN 108336783B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
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Abstract
The invention provides an energy storage system and a control method of voltage difference between battery clusters. This energy storage system includes: the system comprises at least one battery cluster, a direct current bus and a control unit; each of the battery clusters includes: an energy storage battery and a high-voltage box; the high-voltage box comprises a BMS, a main positive contactor, a main negative contactor, a pre-charging contactor and a pre-charging resistor; the control unit is connected with the BMS, and the control unit is used for: and if the voltage difference between the battery clusters with the highest voltage and the lowest voltage in the enabled battery cluster group in the battery clusters is greater than a preset first threshold value, controlling the voltage difference to realize the parallel operation of each battery cluster. In the embodiment of the invention, different voltage differences among the battery clusters are graded, and the voltage difference of each battery cluster with larger voltage difference is controlled to actively balance the voltage difference among the battery clusters, so that the parallel operation of the battery clusters of the energy storage system is realized as soon as possible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to an energy storage system and a method for controlling voltage difference between battery clusters.
Background
Lithium ion batteries have the advantages of high cell voltage, large specific energy, long cycle life and the like, so the lithium ion batteries are gradually becoming the development trend of energy storage systems. The battery cluster is composed of a plurality of lithium ion batteries in series connection and parallel connection, wherein the series connection aims at increasing the terminal voltage of the batteries, and the parallel connection aims at increasing the battery capacity. The battery cluster is used as a key component for storing and releasing electric energy, is key equipment of the energy storage system, and directly influences the safe and stable operation of the energy storage system.
The internal resistance of the battery cluster is very small under the influence of the characteristics of the lithium ion battery and the structure of the battery cluster. If the energy storage system requires higher capacity, a plurality of groups of battery clusters are required to be operated in parallel. If a large voltage difference exists between the parallel battery clusters, a large circulation current is formed between the parallel battery clusters, so that the safe and stable operation of the energy storage system equipment is influenced, and even the equipment is damaged.
At present, aiming at the circulation problem of parallel operation of battery clusters, the battery clusters with approximate voltages are connected in parallel mainly by a battery cluster voltage screening method. The method can effectively reduce the influence caused by circulation current caused by voltage difference, but the parallel operation of the battery clusters cannot be carried out when the voltage difference between the battery clusters is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an energy storage system and a control method of voltage difference between battery clusters, which solve the problem that the parallel operation of the battery clusters cannot be carried out when the voltage difference between the battery clusters is large in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides an energy storage system comprising:
the system comprises at least one battery cluster, a direct current bus and a control unit;
each of the battery clusters includes: an energy storage battery and a high-voltage box; the high-pressure tank includes: the system comprises a battery management system BMS, a main positive contactor, a main negative contactor, a pre-charging contactor and a pre-charging resistor; the pre-charging contactor and the pre-charging resistor are connected in series to form a first branch circuit, the first branch circuit and the main positive contactor are connected in parallel to form a second branch circuit, one end of the second branch circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage battery, and the other end of the second branch circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus; one end of the main negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the energy storage battery, and the other end of the main negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus;
the control unit is connected with the BMS, and the control unit is used for: and if the pressure difference between the battery cluster with the highest voltage and the battery cluster with the lowest voltage in the battery cluster group enabled in the battery clusters is greater than a preset first threshold value, controlling the pressure difference to realize the parallel operation of the battery clusters.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling a voltage difference between battery clusters, which is applied to an energy storage system, and includes: the system comprises at least one battery cluster, a direct current bus and a control unit; each of the battery clusters includes: an energy storage battery and a high-voltage box; the high-pressure tank includes: the system comprises a battery management system BMS, a main positive contactor, a main negative contactor, a pre-charging contactor and a pre-charging resistor; the pre-charging contactor and the pre-charging resistor are connected in series to form a first branch circuit, the first branch circuit and the main positive contactor are connected in parallel to form a second branch circuit, one end of the second branch circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage battery, and the other end of the second branch circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus; one end of the main negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the energy storage battery, and the other end of the main negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus; the control unit is connected with the BMS; the method comprises the following steps:
determining an enabled battery cluster group in the battery cluster; the battery cluster set includes at least one enabled battery cluster;
and if the pressure difference between the battery cluster with the highest voltage and the battery cluster with the lowest voltage in the battery cluster group enabled in the battery clusters is greater than a preset first threshold value, controlling the pressure difference to realize the parallel operation of the battery clusters.
The invention provides an energy storage system and a control method of voltage difference between battery clusters, which are applied to the energy storage system and comprise the following steps: the system comprises at least one battery cluster, a direct current bus and a control unit; each of the battery clusters includes: an energy storage battery and a high-voltage box; the high-pressure tank includes: the system comprises a battery management system BMS, a main positive contactor, a main negative contactor, a pre-charging contactor and a pre-charging resistor; the pre-charging contactor and the pre-charging resistor are connected in series to form a first branch circuit, the first branch circuit and the main positive contactor are connected in parallel to form a second branch circuit, one end of the second branch circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage battery, and the other end of the second branch circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus; one end of the main negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the energy storage battery, and the other end of the main negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus; the control unit is connected with the BMS; the control unit is specifically configured to: if the pressure difference between the battery cluster with the highest voltage and the battery cluster with the lowest voltage in the battery cluster group enabled in the battery clusters is larger than a preset first threshold value, the pressure difference is controlled to realize the parallel operation of the battery clusters, and in the process, when the pressure difference between the battery clusters is larger, the pressure difference is controlled to actively balance the voltage difference between the battery clusters, so that the parallel operation of the battery clusters of the energy storage system is realized as soon as possible, and the influence caused by circulation current caused by the voltage difference can be effectively reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a general structural diagram of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a main flow chart of a control strategy according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a pre-charge free sub-process of an embodiment of an energy storage system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a sub-process of a pre-charge control in an embodiment of an energy storage system according to the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a sub-process of maintenance control of another embodiment of the energy storage system according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a method for controlling a voltage difference between battery clusters according to an embodiment of the present invention.
With the foregoing drawings in mind, certain embodiments of the disclosure have been shown and described in more detail below. These drawings and written description are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosed concepts in any way, but rather to illustrate the concepts of the disclosure to those skilled in the art by reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the exemplary embodiments below are not intended to represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims, and in the drawings, are used for distinguishing between different objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential order. Furthermore, the terms "include" and "have," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the energy storage system of the present embodiment includes:
the system comprises at least one battery cluster, a direct current bus and a control unit;
each of the battery clusters includes: an energy storage battery and a high-voltage box; the high-pressure tank includes: the system comprises a battery management system BMS, a main positive contactor, a main negative contactor, a pre-charging contactor and a pre-charging resistor; the pre-charging contactor and the pre-charging resistor are connected in series to form a first branch circuit, the first branch circuit and the main positive contactor are connected in parallel to form a second branch circuit, one end of the second branch circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage battery, and the other end of the second branch circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus; one end of the main negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the energy storage battery, and the other end of the main negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus;
the control unit is connected with the BMS, and the control unit is used for: and if the pressure difference between the battery cluster with the highest voltage and the battery cluster with the lowest voltage in the battery cluster group enabled in the battery clusters is greater than a preset first threshold value, controlling the pressure difference to realize the parallel operation of the battery clusters.
Specifically, the energy storage battery is used for storing or releasing electric energy and providing an anode electrical interface and a cathode electrical interface; the high-voltage box provides an anode electrical interface and a cathode electrical interface; the direct current bus is used for collecting electric energy of each battery cluster and divided into a positive direct current bus and a negative direct current bus; the positive pole of the high-voltage box of each battery cluster is connected with the positive pole direct current bus through a power cable, and the negative pole of the high-voltage box of each battery cluster is connected with the negative pole direct current bus through a power cable.
The pre-charging contactor KM3 is connected with a pre-charging resistor in series to form a first branch A, the first branch A is connected with the main positive contactor KM1 in parallel to form a second branch B, and the second branch B is connected between the positive electrode of the energy storage battery and the positive electrode of the high-voltage box through a copper bar; the main negative contactor KM2 is connected between the negative electrode of the energy storage battery and the negative electrode of the high-voltage box through a copper bar.
The control unit is used for: and if the pressure difference between the battery cluster with the highest voltage and the battery cluster with the lowest voltage in the battery cluster group enabled in the battery clusters is greater than a preset first threshold value, controlling the pressure difference to realize the parallel operation of the battery clusters.
The BMS can be used for collecting information such as voltage of each battery monomer, enabling state of a battery cluster, current measurement value, voltage measurement value, temperature of a pre-charging resistor, position state of each contactor in the energy storage battery, realizes information interaction with the control unit, and can control the attraction and disconnection of the main positive contactor, the main negative contactor and the pre-charging contactor.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the control unit controls the time and the mode of each battery cluster merging into the direct current bus, so that the equipment is prevented from being damaged by loop current generated by the pressure difference between the battery clusters.
Specifically, enabling battery clusters in at least one battery cluster are combined into a battery cluster group, the battery cluster with the highest voltage in the enabling battery cluster group and the battery cluster with the lowest voltage are determined, and if the pressure difference between the highest voltage and the lowest voltage is larger than a first threshold value, the pressure difference is controlled to be reduced, so that the parallel operation of each battery cluster in at least two battery clusters is realized, namely, each battery cluster is communicated with a direct current bus.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the control unit may specifically perform the following operations:
step Z01, defining a BmsArray array BmsArray, and emptying;
step Z02, traversing the enabled states of the battery clusters in each BMS, and adding the battery cluster with the enabled state of the battery cluster in each BMS being true to the BmsArray array as an element (BmsArray.
Step Z03, judging the number BmsN of the elements of the BmsArray array, wherein the following two conditions exist:
1) if the value of BmsN is equal to 1, executing step Z04;
2) if the BmsN value is larger than 1, executing a step Z05;
step Z04, closing the main positive contactor KM1 and closing the main negative contactor KM2, and executing step Z08 (only one battery cluster is enabled at the moment, and the battery cluster is directly merged into a direct current bus regardless of the pressure difference);
step Z05, determining the voltage of the energy storage battery of the battery cluster in the Bmsarray, and sequencing the voltages from large to small;
step Z06, calculating the highest voltage and the lowest voltage in each battery cluster in the BmsArray, and the voltage difference delta V between the highest voltage and the lowest voltage;
step Z07, presetting two threshold parameters, namely a first threshold para1 and a second threshold para2, and assuming that para1 is smaller than para 2; the relationship between the differential pressure Δ V and the parts of para1 and para2 was judged in the following three cases:
1) if the delta V is less than or equal to para1, executing a precharging-free control sub-process;
2) if Δ V is greater than para1 and Δ V is equal to or less than para2, executing the precharge control subroutine;
3) if the delta V is larger than para2, executing a maintenance control sub-process;
in step Z08, the control strategy main flow ends.
Optionally, the control unit is specifically configured to:
a: if the differential pressure is greater than the first threshold value and less than or equal to a preset second threshold value, closing a main negative contactor in the battery cluster with the highest voltage;
b: if the voltage difference between the battery measurement voltage of the battery cluster and the bus measurement voltage is smaller than or equal to the second threshold and larger than the first threshold after a preset first time, or the voltage difference is smaller than or equal to the second threshold and the current between the negative electrode of the direct current bus and the negative electrode of the battery cluster is larger than a current threshold, closing a pre-charging contactor in the battery cluster; the battery measurement voltage is the voltage between the anode and the cathode of the energy storage battery in the battery cluster; the bus measuring voltage is the voltage between the negative electrode of the energy storage battery and the positive electrode of the high-voltage box in the battery cluster;
c: if the voltage difference between the battery measurement voltage of the battery cluster and the bus measurement voltage is smaller than or equal to the first threshold value after a preset first time period, and the current between the negative electrode of the direct current bus and the negative electrode of the battery cluster is smaller than or equal to the current threshold value, closing a main positive contactor in the battery cluster, and opening a pre-charging contactor;
and updating the battery cluster group, and repeatedly executing the A-C until the battery cluster group is empty.
Optionally, the control unit is further specifically configured to:
after closing the pre-charging contactor in the battery cluster and after a preset second time period, if the closing time period of the pre-charging contactor is less than or equal to a preset time threshold value, and the temperature of the pre-charging resistor in the battery cluster is less than or equal to a preset temperature threshold value, B or C is repeatedly executed.
The above process is an operation process of the precharge control sub-process. As shown in fig. 4:
y01, searching a battery cluster with the maximum voltage V1 of the energy storage battery in the BmsArray array;
step Y02, closing a main negative contactor KM2 of the battery cluster in the step Y01;
step Y03, delaying T3 (first duration);
step Y04, calculating the absolute value abs of the difference between the battery measured voltage V2 and the bus measured voltage V3 of the battery cluster in the step Y01 (V2-V3); judging the relationship between abs (V2-V3) and the second threshold para2 in the step Z07 according to the following two cases:
if abs (V2-V3) is greater than para2, performing step Y11;
if abs (V2-V3) is equal to or less than para2, performing step Y05;
step Y05, determining the relationship between abs (V2-V3) and the first threshold para1 in step Z07, and determining the value of the current I between the negative electrode of the dc bus and the negative electrode of the battery cluster, in two cases:
if abs (V2-V3) is greater than para1 or the current I is greater than the current threshold para3, perform step Y06;
if abs (V2-V3) is equal to or less than para1 and current I is equal to or less than the current threshold para3, perform step Y08;
step Y06, closing the pre-charging contactor KM3 of the battery cluster in the step Y01;
step Y07, delaying T4 (the second time duration), and judging the closing time duration T of the pre-charging contactor KM3 and the temperature temp of the pre-charging resistor according to the following two conditions:
if the closing time t is greater than the preset time threshold para4 or the temperature temp of the pre-charging resistor is greater than the preset temperature threshold para5, executing step Y11;
if the closing time t is less than or equal to the time threshold para4 and the temperature of the pre-charging resistor is less than or equal to the temperature threshold para5, executing a step Y05;
step Y08, closing the main positive contactor KM1 of the battery cluster in the step Y01, and opening the pre-charging contactor KM 3;
step Y09, delaying T5;
step Y10, eliminating the battery cluster element in the step Y01 from the BmsArray array; judging whether the BmsArray array is empty, if so, executing the step Y11, and if not, executing the step Y01;
step Y11, the precharge control subroutine ends.
The battery measurement voltage V2 is the voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the energy storage battery in the battery cluster; the bus measurement voltage V3 is the voltage between the negative electrode of the energy storage battery and the positive electrode of the high-voltage box in the battery cluster, and can be measured by two voltage measurement devices respectively.
The current I between the negative pole of the dc bus and the negative pole of the battery cluster can be measured with a current measuring device.
Optionally, the control unit is specifically configured to:
d: if the voltage difference is smaller than or equal to the first threshold value, closing a main negative contactor in the battery cluster with the highest voltage;
e: if the difference value between the battery measurement voltage of the battery cluster and the bus measurement voltage is greater than the first threshold after a preset third time period, executing the A-C;
f: if the difference value between the battery measurement voltage of the battery cluster and the bus measurement voltage is smaller than or equal to the first threshold after a preset third time period, closing a main positive contactor in the battery cluster; and updating the battery cluster group, and repeatedly executing the D-F until the battery cluster group is empty.
Specifically, the above process is an operation process of the precharge-free control sub-process. As shown in fig. 3:
m01, searching a battery cluster with the maximum voltage V1 of the energy storage batteries in the BmsArray array;
step M02, closing a main negative contactor KM2 of the battery cluster in the step M01;
step M03, delay T1 (third duration);
step M04, calculating an absolute value abs (V2-V3) of the difference between the battery measured voltage V2 and the bus measured voltage V3 of the battery cluster in the step M01; judging the relationship between abs (V2-V3) and the first threshold para1 in the step Z07, and dividing the following two cases:
1) if abs (V2-V3) is greater than para1, execute the precharge control subroutine (execute the A-C);
2) if abs (V2-V3) is equal to or less than para1, performing step M05;
step M05, closing the main positive contact KM1 of the battery cluster in step M01;
step M06, time delay T2;
step M07, eliminating the battery cluster element in step M01 from the BmsArray array; judging whether the Bmsarray is empty, if so, executing the step M08, and if not, executing the step M01;
in step M08, the precharge-free control subroutine ends.
The energy storage system of this embodiment includes: the system comprises at least one battery cluster, a direct current bus and a control unit; each of the battery clusters includes: an energy storage battery and a high-voltage box; the high-pressure tank includes: the system comprises a battery management system BMS, a main positive contactor, a main negative contactor, a pre-charging contactor and a pre-charging resistor; the pre-charging contactor and the pre-charging resistor are connected in series to form a first branch circuit, the first branch circuit and the main positive contactor are connected in parallel to form a second branch circuit, one end of the second branch circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage battery, and the other end of the second branch circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus; one end of the main negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the energy storage battery, and the other end of the main negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus; the control unit is connected with the BMS; the control unit is specifically configured to: if the pressure difference between the battery cluster with the highest voltage and the battery cluster with the lowest voltage in the battery cluster group enabled in the battery clusters is larger than a preset first threshold value, the pressure difference is controlled to realize the parallel operation of the battery clusters, and in the process, when the pressure difference between the battery clusters is larger, the pressure difference is controlled to actively balance the voltage difference between the battery clusters, so that the parallel operation of the battery clusters of the energy storage system is realized as soon as possible, and the influence caused by circulation current caused by the voltage difference can be effectively reduced.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, optionally, the control unit is specifically configured to:
if the differential pressure is greater than a preset second threshold value, taking the battery cluster corresponding to the voltage with the highest voltage less than the first threshold value as the battery cluster of the discharge group;
taking the battery cluster corresponding to the voltage with the voltage difference of the lowest voltage smaller than the first threshold value as the battery cluster of the charging group;
and according to the running state of the energy storage system, taking one of the charging group and the discharging group as a maintenance group, carrying out charging or discharging maintenance on the maintenance group until the voltage value of the battery cluster with the highest voltage and the voltage difference of the voltage value of the battery cluster with the lowest voltage are smaller than a preset third threshold value, and stopping charging or discharging maintenance on the maintenance group.
Optionally, the control unit is specifically configured to:
when the operation state is a discharge state, taking the discharge group as a maintenance group, and performing discharge maintenance on the maintenance group;
when the running state is a charging state, the charging group is used as a maintenance group, and the maintenance group is charged and maintained;
and when the running state is an idle state, taking one group with the largest number of battery clusters in the charging group and the discharging group as a maintenance group, and charging or discharging the maintenance group.
Specifically, the above process is an operation process of the maintenance control sub-process, as shown in fig. 5:
step W01, defining a discharge group needle DisChargeArray, taking a V1 value with the maximum voltage of the energy storage battery in the BmsArray array as a reference voltage Vmax, adding a battery cluster corresponding to the maximum V1 value into the discharge group, and adding a battery cluster corresponding to the condition that the difference between the voltage value of the energy storage battery in the BmsArray array and the Vmax value is smaller than the first threshold value para1 into the discharge group;
step W02, defining a charging group needlebergarray, taking a V1 value with the minimum voltage of the energy storage batteries in the Bmsarray array as a reference voltage Vmin, adding a battery cluster corresponding to the minimum V1 value into the charging group, and adding a battery cluster in the Bmsarray array, wherein the difference between the voltage value of the energy storage batteries and the Vmin value is smaller than the first threshold value para1, into the charging group;
step W03, defining a maintenance group Maintaina Alrray, and judging the running state of the energy storage system according to the following three conditions:
1) the energy storage system is in a discharging state, and the discharging group in the step W01 is used as a maintenance group;
2) the energy storage system is in a charging state, and the charging group in the step W02 is taken as a maintenance group;
3) when the energy storage system is in an idle state, taking the large number of battery clusters in the discharging group in the step W01 and the charging group in the step W02 as a maintenance group;
step W04, performing charging or discharging maintenance on the maintenance group according to the running state of the energy storage system; specifically, the battery clusters in the maintenance group in the step W03 are sequentially operated according to the steps of closing the main negative contactor KM2, delaying T6, closing the main positive contactor KM1 and delaying T7;
step W05, defining the current V1 value of the battery cluster corresponding to Vmax as Vh, and defining the current V1 value of the battery cluster corresponding to Vmin as Vs; for the charge or discharge maintenance, judging the magnitude of Vh and Vs, if the absolute value of the difference between Vh and Vs is smaller than a preset third threshold, executing step W06, and if the absolute value of the difference between Vh and Vs is greater than or equal to the third threshold, executing step W04;
step W06, according to the steps of disconnecting the main positive contactor KM1 and the time delay T8, disconnecting the main negative contactor KM2 and delaying T9, operating the battery clusters in the maintenance group in the step W03 in sequence;
and step W07, ending the maintenance control sub-process, and continuing to execute the control strategy main process step Z05.
In the embodiment of the invention, different voltage differences among the battery clusters are classified into different stages, the parallel operation of the battery clusters with smaller voltage differences is directly realized by non-pre-charge control on the battery clusters with smaller voltage differences, and the voltage differences among the battery clusters with larger voltage differences are actively balanced by pre-charge control, maintenance control and other methods, so that the parallel operation of the battery clusters of the energy storage system is realized as soon as possible. The control strategy of the embodiment of the invention is suitable for different operation modes of charging, discharging, no-load and the like of the energy storage system.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of a method for controlling a voltage difference between battery clusters according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the method for controlling voltage difference between battery clusters of this embodiment is applied to an energy storage system, and includes: the system comprises at least one battery cluster, a direct current bus and a control unit; each of the battery clusters includes: an energy storage battery and a high-voltage box; the high-pressure tank includes: the system comprises a battery management system BMS, a main positive contactor, a main negative contactor, a pre-charging contactor and a pre-charging resistor; the pre-charging contactor and the pre-charging resistor are connected in series to form a first branch circuit, the first branch circuit and the main positive contactor are connected in parallel to form a second branch circuit, one end of the second branch circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage battery, and the other end of the second branch circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus; one end of the main negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the energy storage battery, and the other end of the main negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus; the control unit is connected with the BMS; the method comprises the following steps:
Optionally, the controlling the pressure difference specifically includes:
a: if the differential pressure is greater than the first threshold value and less than or equal to a preset second threshold value, closing a main negative contactor in the battery cluster with the highest voltage;
b: if the voltage difference between the battery measurement voltage of the battery cluster and the bus measurement voltage is smaller than or equal to the second threshold and larger than the first threshold after a preset first time, or the voltage difference is smaller than or equal to the second threshold and the current between the negative electrode of the direct current bus and the negative electrode of the battery cluster is larger than a current threshold, closing a pre-charging contactor in the battery cluster; the battery measurement voltage is the voltage between the anode and the cathode of the energy storage battery in the battery cluster; the bus measuring voltage is the voltage between the negative electrode of the energy storage battery and the positive electrode of the high-voltage box in the battery cluster;
c: if the voltage difference between the battery measurement voltage of the battery cluster and the bus measurement voltage is smaller than or equal to the first threshold value after a preset first time period, and the current between the negative electrode of the direct current bus and the negative electrode of the battery cluster is smaller than or equal to the current threshold value, closing a main positive contactor in the battery cluster, and opening a pre-charging contactor;
and updating the battery cluster group, and repeatedly executing the A-C until the battery cluster group is empty.
Optionally, after closing the pre-charging contactor in the battery cluster, the method further includes:
after a preset second time period, if the closing time period of the pre-charging contactor is less than or equal to a preset time threshold value, and the temperature of the pre-charging resistor in the battery cluster is less than or equal to a preset temperature threshold value, the step B or the step C is repeatedly executed.
Optionally, the controlling the pressure difference further specifically includes:
if the differential pressure is greater than a preset second threshold value, taking the battery cluster corresponding to the voltage with the highest voltage less than the first threshold value as the battery cluster of the discharge group;
taking the battery cluster corresponding to the voltage with the voltage difference of the lowest voltage smaller than the first threshold value as the battery cluster of the charging group;
and according to the running state of the energy storage system, taking one of the charging group and the discharging group as a maintenance group, carrying out charging or discharging maintenance on the maintenance group until the voltage value of the battery cluster with the highest voltage and the voltage difference of the voltage value of the battery cluster with the lowest voltage are smaller than a preset third threshold value, and stopping charging or discharging maintenance on the maintenance group.
Optionally, according to the operating state of the energy storage system, taking one of the charging group and the discharging group as a maintenance group includes:
when the operation state is a discharge state, taking the discharge group as a maintenance group, and performing discharge maintenance on the maintenance group;
when the running state is a charging state, the charging group is used as a maintenance group, and the maintenance group is charged and maintained;
and when the running state is an idle state, taking one group with the largest number of battery clusters in the charging group and the discharging group as a maintenance group, and charging or discharging the maintenance group.
Optionally, the method of this embodiment further includes:
d: if the voltage difference is smaller than or equal to the first threshold value, closing a main negative contactor in the battery cluster with the highest voltage;
e: if the difference value between the battery measurement voltage of the battery cluster and the bus measurement voltage is greater than the first threshold after a preset third time period, executing the A-C;
f: if the difference value between the battery measurement voltage of the battery cluster and the bus measurement voltage is smaller than or equal to the first threshold after a preset third time period, closing a main positive contactor in the battery cluster; and updating the battery cluster group, and repeatedly executing the D-F until the battery cluster group is empty.
The method of this embodiment has similar implementation principle and technical effect to those of the system embodiments described above, and is not described herein again.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An energy storage system, comprising:
at least one battery cluster, a direct current bus and a control unit;
each of the battery clusters includes: an energy storage battery and a high-voltage box; the high-pressure tank includes: the system comprises a battery management system BMS, a main positive contactor, a main negative contactor, a pre-charging contactor and a pre-charging resistor; the pre-charging contactor and the pre-charging resistor are connected in series to form a first branch circuit, the first branch circuit and the main positive contactor are connected in parallel to form a second branch circuit, one end of the second branch circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage battery, and the other end of the second branch circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus; one end of the main negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the energy storage battery, and the other end of the main negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus;
the control unit is connected with the BMS, and the control unit is used for: if the pressure difference between the battery cluster with the highest voltage and the battery cluster with the lowest voltage in the enabled battery cluster group in the battery clusters is larger than a preset first threshold value, controlling the pressure difference to realize the parallel operation of the battery clusters;
the control unit is specifically configured to:
a: if the differential pressure is greater than the first threshold value and less than or equal to a preset second threshold value, closing a main negative contactor in the battery cluster with the highest voltage;
b: if the voltage difference between the battery measurement voltage of the battery cluster and the bus measurement voltage is smaller than or equal to the second threshold and larger than the first threshold after a preset first time, or the voltage difference between the battery measurement voltage of the battery cluster and the bus measurement voltage is smaller than or equal to the second threshold and the current between the negative electrode of the direct current bus and the negative electrode of the battery cluster is larger than the current threshold, closing a pre-charging contactor in the battery cluster; the battery measurement voltage is the voltage between the anode and the cathode of the energy storage battery in the battery cluster; the bus measuring voltage is the voltage between the negative electrode of the energy storage battery and the positive electrode of the high-voltage box in the battery cluster;
c: if the voltage difference between the battery measurement voltage of the battery cluster and the bus measurement voltage is smaller than or equal to the first threshold value after a preset first time period, and the current between the negative electrode of the direct current bus and the negative electrode of the battery cluster is smaller than or equal to the current threshold value, closing a main positive contactor in the battery cluster, and opening a pre-charging contactor;
and updating the battery cluster group, and repeatedly executing the A-C until the battery cluster group is empty.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the control unit is further specifically configured to:
after closing the pre-charging contactor in the battery cluster and after a preset second time period, if the closing time period of the pre-charging contactor is less than or equal to a preset time threshold value, and the temperature of the pre-charging resistor in the battery cluster is less than or equal to a preset temperature threshold value, B or C is repeatedly executed.
3. The system according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the control unit is specifically configured to:
if the voltage difference between the battery cluster with the highest voltage and the battery cluster with the lowest voltage in the enabled battery cluster group in the battery clusters is larger than a preset second threshold, taking the battery cluster corresponding to the voltage with the highest voltage smaller than the first threshold as the battery cluster of the discharge group;
taking the battery cluster corresponding to the voltage with the voltage difference of the lowest voltage smaller than the first threshold value as the battery cluster of the charging group;
and according to the running state of the energy storage system, taking one of the charging group and the discharging group as a maintenance group, carrying out charging or discharging maintenance on the maintenance group until the voltage value of the battery cluster with the highest voltage and the voltage difference of the voltage value of the battery cluster with the lowest voltage are smaller than a preset third threshold value, and stopping charging or discharging maintenance on the maintenance group.
4. The system according to claim 3, wherein the control unit is specifically configured to:
when the operation state is a discharge state, taking the discharge group as a maintenance group, and performing discharge maintenance on the maintenance group;
when the running state is a charging state, the charging group is used as a maintenance group, and the maintenance group is charged and maintained;
and when the running state is an idle state, taking one group with the largest number of battery clusters in the charging group and the discharging group as a maintenance group, and charging or discharging the maintenance group.
5. The system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control unit is specifically configured to:
d: if the pressure difference between the battery cluster with the highest voltage and the battery cluster with the lowest voltage in the battery cluster group enabled in the battery clusters is smaller than or equal to the first threshold value, closing a main negative contactor in the battery cluster with the highest voltage;
e: if the difference value between the battery measurement voltage of the battery cluster and the bus measurement voltage is greater than the first threshold after a preset third time period, executing the A-C;
f: if the difference value between the battery measurement voltage of the battery cluster and the bus measurement voltage is smaller than or equal to the first threshold after a preset third time period, closing a main positive contactor in the battery cluster; and updating the battery cluster group, and repeatedly executing the D-F until the battery cluster group is empty.
6. A method for controlling voltage difference between battery clusters is applied to an energy storage system and comprises the following steps: at least one battery cluster, a direct current bus and a control unit; each of the battery clusters includes: an energy storage battery and a high-voltage box; the high-pressure tank includes: the system comprises a battery management system BMS, a main positive contactor, a main negative contactor, a pre-charging contactor and a pre-charging resistor; the pre-charging contactor and the pre-charging resistor are connected in series to form a first branch circuit, the first branch circuit and the main positive contactor are connected in parallel to form a second branch circuit, one end of the second branch circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the energy storage battery, and the other end of the second branch circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus; one end of the main negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the energy storage battery, and the other end of the main negative contactor is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus; the control unit is connected with the BMS; the method comprises the following steps:
determining an enabled battery cluster group in the battery cluster; the battery cluster set includes at least one enabled battery cluster;
if the pressure difference between the battery cluster with the highest voltage and the battery cluster with the lowest voltage in the enabled battery cluster group in the battery clusters is larger than a preset first threshold value, controlling the pressure difference to realize the parallel operation of the battery clusters;
the controlling the pressure difference specifically comprises:
a: if the differential pressure is greater than the first threshold value and less than or equal to a preset second threshold value, closing a main negative contactor in the battery cluster with the highest voltage;
b: if the voltage difference between the battery measurement voltage of the battery cluster and the bus measurement voltage is smaller than or equal to the second threshold and larger than the first threshold after a preset first time, or the voltage difference between the battery measurement voltage of the battery cluster and the bus measurement voltage is smaller than or equal to the second threshold and the current between the negative electrode of the direct current bus and the negative electrode of the battery cluster is larger than the current threshold, closing a pre-charging contactor in the battery cluster; the battery measurement voltage is the voltage between the anode and the cathode of the energy storage battery in the battery cluster; the bus measuring voltage is the voltage between the negative electrode of the energy storage battery and the positive electrode of the high-voltage box in the battery cluster;
c: if the voltage difference between the battery measurement voltage of the battery cluster and the bus measurement voltage is smaller than or equal to the first threshold value after a preset first time period, and the current between the negative electrode of the direct current bus and the negative electrode of the battery cluster is smaller than or equal to the current threshold value, closing a main positive contactor in the battery cluster, and opening a pre-charging contactor;
and updating the battery cluster group, and repeatedly executing the A-C until the battery cluster group is empty.
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
after closing the pre-charging contactor in the battery cluster and after a preset second time period, if the closing time period of the pre-charging contactor is less than or equal to a preset time threshold value, and the temperature of the pre-charging resistor in the battery cluster is less than or equal to a preset temperature threshold value, B or C is repeatedly executed.
8. The method according to any one of claims 6-7, wherein said controlling said pressure differential further comprises:
if the voltage difference between the battery cluster with the highest voltage and the battery cluster with the lowest voltage in the enabled battery cluster group in the battery clusters is larger than a preset second threshold, taking the battery cluster corresponding to the voltage with the highest voltage smaller than the first threshold as the battery cluster of the discharge group;
taking the battery cluster corresponding to the voltage with the voltage difference of the lowest voltage smaller than the first threshold value as the battery cluster of the charging group;
and according to the running state of the energy storage system, taking one of the charging group and the discharging group as a maintenance group, carrying out charging or discharging maintenance on the maintenance group until the voltage value of the battery cluster with the highest voltage and the voltage difference of the voltage value of the battery cluster with the lowest voltage are smaller than a preset third threshold value, and stopping charging or discharging maintenance on the maintenance group.
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