CN109617247B - Energy storage system control method and equipment - Google Patents

Energy storage system control method and equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109617247B
CN109617247B CN201811614510.2A CN201811614510A CN109617247B CN 109617247 B CN109617247 B CN 109617247B CN 201811614510 A CN201811614510 A CN 201811614510A CN 109617247 B CN109617247 B CN 109617247B
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power
cluster
battery
current
soc
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CN109617247A (en
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易斌
赵伟
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Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses a control method of an energy storage system, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a system power instruction; determining a charge-discharge state corresponding to a system power instruction; if the charging and discharging state corresponds to the charging state, entering a charging distribution logic; the charge distribution logic includes: distributing a corresponding cluster power instruction with reduced charging power for the battery cluster with the SOC value higher than the average SOC value, and distributing a corresponding cluster power instruction with increased charging power for the battery cluster with the SOC value lower than the average SOC value; if the charging and discharging state corresponds to the discharging state, entering a discharging distribution logic; the discharge allocation logic includes: distributing a corresponding cluster power instruction with increased discharge power for the battery clusters with the SOC values higher than the average SOC value, and distributing a corresponding cluster power instruction with decreased discharge power for the battery clusters with the SOC values lower than the average SOC value; the method solves the technical problems that the existing balancing methods aim at the SOC balance of the single batteries in the clusters and lack a control method aiming at the inter-cluster balance of the energy storage system.

Description

Energy storage system control method and equipment
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of energy storage control technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for controlling an energy storage system.
Background
Due to the complex structure of the large-capacity energy storage system, the energy storage units in the large-capacity energy storage system are usually subjected to clustering management, even if the batteries form a large-current high-voltage battery cluster through operations such as serial-parallel connection and the like, each battery cluster further forms the whole energy storage system.
In order to improve the durability, reliability and safety of the energy storage system, in addition to the SOC balance among the battery cells in the battery cluster, for the overall energy storage system, the SOC balance among the battery clusters is also required to be realized. Particularly, when the power output requirement of the energy storage system is close to or even exceeds the rated power of the energy storage system, if the SOC among the battery clusters is unbalanced, a power short plate is formed on the whole energy storage system. During discharging, the discharging power of the energy storage system is limited by the battery cluster with the lowest SOC value, during charging, the charging power of the energy storage system is limited by the battery cluster with the highest SOC value, and the overall power output capacity of the energy storage system is greatly limited.
However, the existing balancing methods are all aimed at the SOC balancing of the battery cells in the clusters, and a control method for inter-cluster balancing of the energy storage system is lacking.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides an energy storage system control method and equipment, and solves the technical problems that existing balancing methods are all used for balancing the SOC of single batteries in clusters, and a control method for balancing among clusters of an energy storage system is lacked.
In view of the above, a first aspect of the present application provides an energy storage system control method, including:
acquiring a system power instruction;
determining a charging and discharging state corresponding to the system power instruction;
if the charging and discharging state corresponds to a charging state, entering a charging distribution logic;
the charge distribution logic comprises:
distributing a corresponding cluster power instruction with reduced charging power for the battery cluster with the SOC value higher than the average SOC value, and distributing a corresponding cluster power instruction with increased charging power for the battery cluster with the SOC value lower than the average SOC value;
if the charging and discharging state corresponds to a discharging state, entering a discharging distribution logic;
the discharge allocation logic comprises:
and allocating a corresponding cluster power instruction with increased discharge power for the battery clusters with the SOC values higher than the average SOC value, and allocating a corresponding cluster power instruction with decreased discharge power for the battery clusters with the SOC values lower than the average SOC value.
Preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,
after determining the charging and discharging states corresponding to the system power instruction, distributing cluster power instructions for the battery clusters one by one;
the charge distribution logic specifically includes:
if the SOC value of the current battery cluster is higher than the average SOC value, reducing the current average power;
if the SOC value of the current battery cluster is lower than the average SOC value, increasing the current average power;
distributing the cluster power instruction of the current average power after the charging power is correspondingly processed to the current battery cluster;
the discharge allocation logic specifically includes:
if the SOC value of the current battery cluster is higher than the average SOC value, increasing the current average power;
if the SOC value of the current battery cluster is lower than the average SOC value, reducing the current average power;
distributing the cluster power instruction of the current average power after the discharge power is correspondingly processed to the current battery cluster;
and the current average power is obtained by equally dividing the unallocated power at the current moment among the battery clusters of the unallocated cluster power instruction.
Preferably, after determining the charge-discharge state corresponding to the system power instruction, allocating cluster power instructions to the battery clusters one by one specifically includes:
if the system power instruction corresponds to a charging state, sorting the battery clusters from small to large according to the SOC value; distributing cluster power instructions for the battery clusters one by one according to the distribution sequence obtained by sequencing;
if the system power instruction corresponds to a discharging state, sorting the battery clusters from large to small according to the SOC value; and distributing cluster power commands for the battery clusters one by one according to the distribution sequence obtained by sequencing.
Preferably, before allocating the cluster power commands to the battery clusters one by one, the method includes:
judging whether the current battery cluster is the battery cluster of the last cluster which is not allocated with the cluster power instruction;
and if so, distributing the cluster power instruction of the charging/discharging power corresponding to the residual unallocated power for the current battery cluster.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: calculating the SOC ratio of the SOC value of the current battery cluster to the average SOC value;
if the SOC value of the current battery cluster is higher than the average SOC value, reducing the current average power; if the SOC value of the current battery cluster is lower than the average SOC value, the increasing the current average power specifically includes:
determining a charging weighting coefficient corresponding to the SOC ratio according to a preset control rule;
weighting the current equalized power according to the charging weighting coefficient;
if the SOC value of the current battery cluster is higher than the average SOC value, increasing the current average power; if the SOC value of the current battery cluster is lower than the average SOC value, the reducing the current average power specifically includes:
determining a discharge weighting coefficient corresponding to the SOC ratio according to a preset control rule;
and weighting the current average power according to the discharge weighting coefficient.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: calculating the power ratio of the current average power to the rated power of the battery cluster;
the determining, according to a preset control rule, the charging weighting coefficient corresponding to the SOC ratio specifically includes: determining a charging weighting coefficient corresponding to the power ratio and the SOC ratio together according to a preset control rule;
the determining, according to a preset control rule, a discharge weighting coefficient corresponding to the SOC ratio specifically includes: and determining a discharge weighting coefficient corresponding to the power ratio and the SOC ratio together according to a preset control rule.
Preferably, the preset control rule is specifically established by the following steps:
dividing the value range of the power ratio into seven power ratio subintervals of large charge, medium charge, small charge, medium, small discharge, medium discharge and discharge;
dividing the value range of the SOC ratio into seven SOC ratio subintervals of small third level, small second level, small first level, medium level, large first level, large second level and large third level;
and setting a corresponding weighting coefficient aiming at the combination of each power ratio subinterval and each SOC ratio subinterval.
Preferably, before acquiring the system power instruction, the method further includes:
judging whether the time from last acquisition of the system power instruction is greater than preset idle time;
and if so, starting the in-cluster balance logic of the battery cluster.
Preferably, the control logic in the cluster is specifically:
s1: traversing all the battery monomers in the battery cluster, and searching a first battery monomer with the highest voltage and a second battery monomer with the lowest voltage;
s2: controlling the first battery cell to discharge the second battery cell;
s3: and judging whether the voltage difference value between the first battery monomer and the second battery monomer is larger than a preset voltage value, if not, continuing to step S2, otherwise, returning to step S1 until the voltage difference value between any two battery monomers is smaller than the preset voltage value, and ending.
A second aspect of the present application provides an energy storage system control device, the device comprising a processor and a memory:
the memory is used for storing program codes and transmitting the program codes to the processor;
the processor is configured to execute any of the energy storage system control methods provided in the first aspect according to instructions in the program code.
According to the technical scheme, the embodiment of the application has the following advantages:
in the embodiment of the application, an energy storage system control method is provided, wherein when a charging state corresponding to a system power instruction is determined, for a battery cluster with an SOC value higher than an average SOC value, a cluster power instruction with corresponding charging power subjected to reduction processing is distributed, so that the increase of the SOC value of the battery cluster is slowed down; and for the battery clusters with the SOC values lower than the average SOC value, distributing cluster power instructions of which the corresponding charging powers are increased, so that the SOC of the part of the battery clusters is increased quickly, and the SOC balance among the battery clusters can be achieved along with the time. When the system power instruction corresponds to a discharging state, the battery cluster with the high SOC value distributes a corresponding cluster power instruction with high discharging power, so that the SOC value is reduced quickly; and the battery clusters with low SOC values are distributed with corresponding cluster power instructions with low discharge power, so that the SOC values are reduced slowly, and after a period of time, the SOC balance among the battery clusters can be realized. Therefore, the energy storage system control method provided by the embodiment of the application fills up the blank of inter-cluster balance in the prior art, so that the power limitation of a battery cluster on a high-capacity energy storage system is reduced to a great extent, and the overall power output capacity of the energy storage system is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of an energy storage system control method according to a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of an energy storage system control method provided in a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of an energy storage system control method provided in a third embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a distribution diagram of membership functions of SOC ratios in a predetermined control rule provided in a third embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a distribution diagram of membership functions of power ratio values in a predetermined control rule provided in the third embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a distribution diagram of membership functions of weighting coefficients in a predetermined control rule provided in a third embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a flowchart of an application example of the energy storage system control method according to the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present application better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
First, an energy storage control system provided in an embodiment of the present application is explained.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Each battery cluster and the bidirectional DC/DC converter form a process layer defined by IEC 61850; the energy storage converter PCS and the energy storage access terminal form a spacer layer; the workstation, the remote server and the cloud platform are located in a station control layer. The process layer and the spacer layer are directly communicated with each other through a protection and intelligent terminal state information (GOOSE) subprotocol, and the spacer layer and the station control layer are subjected to message interaction through a Manufacturing Message Specification (MMS) subprotocol.
The bidirectional DC/DC converter can control charging and discharging of the battery cluster, and is a hardware basis for realizing the energy storage system control method provided by the embodiment of the application. The energy storage converter PCS realizes energy exchange between the energy storage system and the grid, and an energy flow path can refer to a double-arrow line in fig. 1.
It should be noted that the energy storage access terminal is a hardware carrier carrying the energy storage system control method in any implementation manner provided in this embodiment, and feeds back the state information of the energy storage access terminal to the station control layer host and receives a power instruction issued by the workstation or the upper computer, and directly monitors and controls each battery cluster, the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the PCS in the lower direction.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for controlling an energy storage system according to a first embodiment of the present application, where the method includes:
step 201, obtaining a system power instruction.
The system power command corresponds to two states, the first state is a charging state and the second state is a discharging state. In this embodiment, the two states need to be distinguished first.
It should be noted that the system power command may be a system power value, and if the value is positive, it indicates that the system power command corresponds to a discharging state, and if the value is negative, it corresponds to a charging state. The increase/decrease processing of the charging power and the like mentioned in the present document should be understood as increasing/decreasing the absolute value of the charging power value, rather than increasing it numerically, such as the charging power corresponding to-100W, the increased charging power may be-120W, and the decreased charging power may be-80W.
Step 202, determining a charging and discharging state corresponding to the system power command.
Step 203, if the determined charging and discharging state corresponds to the charging state, step 204 is entered, and if the determined charging and discharging state corresponds to the discharging state, step 205 is entered.
Step 204 corresponds to charge distribution logic and step 205 corresponds to discharge distribution logic.
And 204, distributing a corresponding cluster power instruction with reduced charging power for the battery clusters with the SOC values higher than the average SOC value, and distributing a corresponding cluster power instruction with increased charging power for the battery clusters with the SOC values lower than the average SOC value.
For a battery cluster having an SOC value higher than the average SOC value, the cluster power command assigned to the battery cluster is used to determine the charge/discharge power level of the battery cluster. Therefore, for the energy storage access terminal, the charging/discharging power corresponding to the cluster power instruction can be changed when the cluster power instruction is allocated, so that the purpose of reducing or increasing the charging/discharging power of the battery cluster is achieved.
The charge/discharge power reduction/increase processing may be performed on the basis of a certain power value, and the power may be divided equally as appropriate. The power sharing may be understood as the power to which each cluster of unallocated cluster power commands is allocated when the unallocated power is shared among the clusters of unallocated cluster power commands. The contents of this section will be specifically described in the following examples.
Step 205, allocating a corresponding cluster power instruction with increased discharge power for the battery cluster with the state of charge SOC higher than the average SOC value, and allocating a corresponding cluster power instruction with decreased discharge power for the battery cluster with the SOC lower than the average SOC value.
In the embodiment of the application, an energy storage system control method is provided, wherein when a charging state corresponding to a system power instruction is determined, for a battery cluster with an SOC value higher than an average SOC value, a cluster power instruction with corresponding charging power subjected to reduction processing is distributed, so that the increase of the SOC value of the battery cluster is slowed down; and for the battery clusters with the SOC values lower than the average SOC value, distributing cluster power instructions of which the corresponding charging powers are increased, so that the SOC of the part of the battery clusters is increased quickly, and the SOC balance among the battery clusters can be achieved along with the time. When the system power instruction corresponds to a discharging state, the battery cluster with the high SOC value distributes a corresponding cluster power instruction with high discharging power, so that the SOC value is reduced quickly; and the battery clusters with low SOC values are distributed with corresponding cluster power instructions with low discharge power, so that the SOC values are reduced slowly, and after a period of time, the SOC balance among the battery clusters can be realized. Therefore, the energy storage system control method provided by the embodiment of the application fills up the blank of inter-cluster balance in the prior art, so that the power limitation of a battery cluster on a high-capacity energy storage system is reduced to a great extent, and the overall power output capacity of the energy storage system is greatly improved.
In the above detailed description of the energy storage system control method provided in the first embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 3, where fig. 3 is a flowchart of the energy storage system control method provided in the second embodiment of the present application, and the method includes:
step 301, obtaining a system power instruction.
And step 302, determining a charge and discharge state corresponding to the system power instruction.
And step 303, judging whether the current battery cluster is the battery cluster of the last cluster which is not allocated with the cluster power instruction, if so, allocating the cluster power instruction of the charging/discharging power corresponding to the rest unallocated power for the current battery cluster, and ending, otherwise, entering step 304A or step 304B.
In this embodiment, the cluster power commands are allocated to the battery clusters one by one. Therefore, when the battery cluster is the battery cluster of the last cluster of unallocated cluster power commands, only the cluster power commands of the charge/discharge power corresponding to the remaining unallocated power need to be allocated to the battery cluster, and the end of allocation also means the end of the method.
And step 304A, if the system power instruction corresponds to the charging state, sorting the battery clusters from small to large according to the SOC values, and distributing cluster power instructions for the battery clusters one by one according to a distribution sequence obtained by sorting.
When the cluster power instruction is subsequently distributed, the charging or discharging power corresponding to the cluster power instruction distributed to the current battery cluster corresponds to the processed current average power. And the current average power is the power obtained by dividing the unallocated power at the current moment among the battery clusters of the unallocated cluster power instruction, so that the current average power is gradually reduced along with the distribution of the cluster power instruction.
Furthermore, if the battery clusters are sorted according to the SOC values from small to large during charging, the effect of preferentially distributing the cluster power instruction to the battery cluster with the minimum SOC value is achieved, the charging power corresponding to the cluster power instruction at the moment is large, and the increase of the SOC value of the battery cluster can be accelerated. Correspondingly, in step 307, the system power command corresponds to a discharge state, the battery clusters are sorted according to the SOC values from large to small, cluster power command distribution can be preferentially performed on the battery clusters with large SOC values, and the discharge power corresponding to the cluster power command at the time is large, so that the battery clusters with large SOC values can be discharged more quickly, and the efficiency of inter-cluster balancing is greatly improved.
Step 305A, if the SOC value of the current battery cluster is higher than the average SOC value, reducing the current average power; and if the SOC value of the current battery cluster is lower than the average SOC value, increasing the current average power.
Step 305 may be considered as a specific execution step when cluster power commands are allocated to battery clusters one by one. It can be seen that, in this embodiment, the charge/discharge power corresponding to the cluster power instruction to which the battery cluster is allocated is the power obtained after performing reduction or increase processing on the current average power based on the current average power.
And step 306A, distributing the cluster power instruction of the current average power, which is obtained after the charging power is correspondingly processed, to the current battery cluster.
And step 304B, if the system power instruction corresponds to a discharging state, sorting the battery clusters from large to small according to the SOC values, and distributing cluster power instructions for the battery clusters one by one according to a distribution sequence obtained by sorting.
Step 305B, if the SOC value of the current battery cluster is higher than the average SOC value, increasing the current average power; and if the SOC value of the current battery cluster is lower than the average SOC value, reducing the current average power.
And step 306B, distributing the cluster power instruction of the current average power, which is processed correspondingly to the discharge power, to the current battery cluster.
Steps 304B to 306B are directed to the cluster power instruction allocation in the discharging state, which is basically opposite to the method of the charging state, and specific reference may be made to the description of the steps 304A to 306A, which is not repeated herein.
In the embodiment of the application, an energy storage system control method is provided, the battery clusters are sorted according to the SOC values according to the charging and discharging states of the system power instructions, and the cluster power instructions are distributed to the battery clusters one by one according to the distribution sequence obtained by sorting. In this way, during charging, the battery clusters with small SOC values can be preferentially allocated with larger charging power, while the battery clusters with large SOC values can be allocated with smaller charging power due to the delayed allocation, thereby facilitating the acceleration of SOC equalization among the battery clusters, and vice versa for discharging. Therefore, the embodiment of the application provides an energy storage system control method capable of realizing the inter-cluster balance of the batteries, and fills the blank of inter-cluster balance in the prior art, so that the power limitation of the batteries on a high-capacity energy storage system is reduced to a great extent, and the overall power output capacity of the energy storage system is greatly improved.
In the above detailed description of the energy storage system control method provided in the second embodiment of the present application, please refer to fig. 4, where fig. 4 is a flowchart of an energy storage system control method provided in a third embodiment of the present application, and the method includes:
step 401, obtaining a system power instruction.
And step 402, determining a charge and discharge state corresponding to the system power instruction.
And step 403, judging whether the current battery cluster is the battery cluster of the last cluster which is not allocated with the cluster power instruction, if so, allocating the cluster power instruction of the charging/discharging power corresponding to the rest unallocated power for the current battery cluster, and ending, otherwise, entering step 404.
And step 404, calculating the SOC ratio of the SOC value of the current battery cluster to the average SOC value.
And step 405, calculating the power ratio of the current average power to the rated power of the battery cluster.
And step 406A, if the system power instruction corresponds to the charging state, sorting the battery clusters from small to large according to the SOC values, and distributing cluster power instructions for the battery clusters one by one according to a distribution sequence obtained by sorting.
Step 407A, determining a charging weighting coefficient corresponding to the current power ratio and the SOC ratio of the current battery cluster together according to a preset control rule.
It should be noted that the preset control rule in the present embodiment is a control rule established in advance based on the fuzzy control theory. In the preset control rule, in order to simplify the calculation, the current average power is firstly divided by the rated power of the battery cluster, so that a power ratio between ranges of [ -1, 1] can be obtained, the range of the power ratio is divided into seven power ratio sub-ranges of { large charge, medium charge, small charge, medium discharge, large discharge }, wherein 'small charge' represents a small power charging instruction, 'large discharge' represents a large power discharging instruction, and so on, and the membership function distribution diagram can refer to fig. 5.
Then, the range of the SOC ratio is between the range [0, 2], and the range is divided into seven subintervals { small 3, small 2, small 1, medium, large 1, large 2, large 3}, where the numbers 1, 2, 3 represent the degree of deviation of the SOC value of the current battery cluster from the average SOC value, and the membership function distribution diagram thereof can be referred to fig. 6.
Finally, a corresponding weighting coefficient is set for the combination of each power ratio subinterval and SOC ratio subinterval. The weighting coefficients also have 6 levels, which are L0, L1, L2, L3, L4 and L5, and the numbers 0 to 5 indicate the magnitude of the weighting coefficients, and the distribution diagram of the membership functions thereof can be referred to fig. 7.
The preset control rules of this embodiment are 49 pieces in total, and for the convenience of understanding, see table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001925543230000101
In Table 1,. lambda.SOCCorresponding to the SOC ratio and Pin corresponding to the power ratio. Control rules when applied specifically, one should follow "if Pin is xiAnd λSOCIs yjThen λ is Zm"is selected. For example, if Pin is "Charge", and λSOCAnd "2" is larger, λ is L0 ", which means that when the current average power is the middle-level charging power for the current battery cluster, and the SOC value of the battery cluster is two levels higher than the average SOC value, the charging weighting coefficient corresponding to the battery cluster is the primary weighting L0, that is, the cluster power command that the charging power of the battery cluster is reduced is distributed to, and the energy absorbed by the battery cluster from the power grid is reduced.
It should be noted that the charging weighting factor and the discharging weighting factor mentioned in the present embodiment are only different in terms of nomenclature, and they are substantially the same. The setting of each weighting coefficient in the preset control rule follows the following principle: the high-SOC battery cluster outputs more power in the discharging process, and the low-SOC battery cluster absorbs more power of a power grid in the charging process.
And step 408A, weighting the current average power according to the determined charging weighting coefficient.
In this embodiment, the current reduction or increase of the average power is mainly realized by multiplying the current average power by a corresponding weighting coefficient, if the SOC ratio is smaller in the charging process, the corresponding weighting coefficient is generally larger, and if the SOC ratio is larger in the discharging process, the corresponding weighting coefficient is generally larger. And gradually reducing the difference between the SOC values of the battery clusters by enabling different battery clusters to correspond to different weighting coefficients.
And step 409A, distributing the cluster power instruction of the current average power, which is obtained after the charging power is correspondingly processed, to the current battery cluster.
And step 406B, if the system power command corresponds to a discharging state, sorting the battery clusters from large to small according to the SOC values, and distributing cluster power commands to the battery clusters one by one according to a distribution sequence obtained by sorting.
And 407B, determining a discharge weighting coefficient corresponding to the current power ratio and the SOC ratio of the current battery cluster together according to a preset control rule.
And step 408B, weighting the current average power according to the determined discharge weighting coefficient.
And step 409B, distributing the cluster power instruction of the current average power, which is processed correspondingly to the discharge power, to the current battery cluster.
It should be noted that, if the finally determined cluster power command exceeds the rated discharge power or the rated charge power of the battery cluster, the rated discharge power or the rated charge power of the battery cluster is still used as the limit, and the charge/discharge power corresponding to the cluster power command should not exceed the rated charge/discharge power.
On the other hand, control of the equalization within the battery cluster may also be incorporated. If the system power instruction is not received after the preset idle time, or a certain battery cluster is in a non-operation state, the battery cluster can be subjected to intra-cluster balancing.
The intra-cluster balancing method includes multiple methods, mainly including active balancing and passive balancing, in this embodiment, an active balancing strategy of maximum balancing is adopted, a cell with the highest cell voltage value in a series battery pack is used as a balancing object, and the cell with the highest voltage is gated by a switch array to discharge the cell with the lowest voltage until a balancing set index is reached. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
s1: traversing all the battery monomers in the battery cluster, and searching a first battery monomer with the highest voltage and a second battery monomer with the lowest voltage;
s2: controlling the first battery cell to discharge the second battery cell;
s3: and judging whether the voltage difference value between the first battery monomer and the second battery monomer is larger than a preset voltage value, if not, continuing to step S2, otherwise, returning to step S1 until the voltage difference value between any two battery monomers in the battery cluster is smaller than the preset voltage value, and if the voltage difference value meets the condition, finishing the in-cluster balance.
In the embodiment of the application, a control method of an energy storage system is provided, corresponding weighting coefficients are set for different power ratios and different SOC ratios through pre-establishing a preset control rule, the setting of the weighting coefficients conforms to the principle that a battery cluster with a high SOC value outputs more power in a discharging process, and the cluster with a low SOC value absorbs more power of a power grid in the charging process, so that when charging or discharging power corresponding to a cluster power instruction to be distributed to each battery cluster is determined, the addition of the weighting coefficients plays a role in gradually reducing the SOC value of each battery cluster, and the inter-cluster balance of a high-capacity energy storage system is realized. Therefore, the embodiment of the application provides an energy storage system control method capable of realizing the inter-cluster balance of the batteries, and fills the blank of inter-cluster balance in the prior art, so that the power limitation of the batteries on a high-capacity energy storage system is reduced to a great extent, and the overall power output capacity of the energy storage system is greatly improved.
Fig. 8 may be compared with the following complete application example of the energy storage system control method provided by the present application, and fig. 8 is a flowchart of an application example of the energy storage system control method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
In fig. 8, P is a system power instruction sent from a station control layer or an upper computer to an energy storage system; pForehead (forehead)Rated output power for a single battery cluster; t is t1Presetting idle time for the energy storage system, wherein the idle time can be set to 30 minutes specifically; t is0Presetting a cycle mark for the established SOC weighting coefficient calculation, namely setting the cycle mark to be 1 when the interruption of a timer exceeds 10 milliseconds, and setting T after the SOC weighting calculation is carried out0Setting zero; the min (a, b) function takes the minimum of a and b; max (a, b) function fetchThe maximum of a and b; the max (a, min (x, b)) function then limits the value of x between a and b; and the given symbol is "═ value.
And in each polling period, firstly judging whether the intra-cluster balance condition is met, if so, executing an intra-cluster maximum value balance strategy, and otherwise, entering inter-cluster SOC (system on chip) weighting control. In the SOC weighting control, a weighting order is first determined according to the charge/discharge state corresponding to the system power command, a battery cluster with a high SOC value is first weighted in the discharge process, and a battery cluster with a low SOC value is first weighted in the charge process. After the calculation of all the cluster SOC weighting coefficients of the cost cycle is completed, the process proceeds to wait for the next calculation cycle, specifically referring to fig. 8.
The above is a detailed description of an application example of the energy storage system control method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
The embodiment of the application also provides energy storage system control equipment, which comprises a processor and a memory. Wherein the memory is configured to store the program code and to transmit the program code to the processor. The processor is configured to execute any one implementation of the energy storage system control method according to the foregoing embodiments according to instructions in the program code.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description of the application and the above-described figures, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It should be understood that in the present application, "at least one" means one or more, "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" for describing an association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships, e.g., "a and/or B" may indicate: only A, only B and both A and B are present, wherein A and B may be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items. For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c, may represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", wherein a, b, c may be single or plural.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application.

Claims (5)

1. An energy storage system control method, comprising:
acquiring a system power instruction;
determining a charging and discharging state corresponding to the system power instruction;
if the charging and discharging state corresponds to a charging state, entering a charging distribution logic;
the charge distribution logic comprises:
distributing a corresponding cluster power instruction with reduced charging power for the battery cluster with the SOC value higher than the average SOC value, and distributing a corresponding cluster power instruction with increased charging power for the battery cluster with the SOC value lower than the average SOC value;
if the charging and discharging state corresponds to a discharging state, entering a discharging distribution logic;
the discharge allocation logic comprises:
distributing a corresponding cluster power instruction with increased discharge power for the battery clusters with the SOC values higher than the average SOC value, and distributing a corresponding cluster power instruction with decreased discharge power for the battery clusters with the SOC values lower than the average SOC value;
after determining the charging and discharging states corresponding to the system power instruction, distributing cluster power instructions for the battery clusters one by one;
the charge distribution logic specifically includes:
if the SOC value of the current battery cluster is higher than the average SOC value, reducing the current average power;
if the SOC value of the current battery cluster is lower than the average SOC value, increasing the current average power;
distributing the cluster power instruction of the current average power after the charging power is correspondingly processed to the current battery cluster;
the discharge allocation logic specifically includes:
if the SOC value of the current battery cluster is higher than the average SOC value, increasing the current average power;
if the SOC value of the current battery cluster is lower than the average SOC value, reducing the current average power;
distributing the cluster power instruction of the current average power after the discharge power is correspondingly processed to the current battery cluster;
the current equalized power is obtained by equally dividing the unallocated power at the current moment among the battery clusters of the unallocated cluster power instruction;
after determining the charge-discharge state corresponding to the system power instruction, allocating cluster power instructions to the battery clusters one by one specifically comprises:
if the system power instruction corresponds to a charging state, sorting the battery clusters from small to large according to the SOC value; distributing cluster power instructions for the battery clusters one by one according to the distribution sequence obtained by sequencing; sequentially determining a charging weighting coefficient corresponding to the current power ratio and the SOC ratio of the current battery cluster according to the distribution sequence and a preset control rule; according to the charging weighting coefficient, weighting the current equalized power, and distributing a cluster power instruction of the processed current equalized power to the current battery cluster;
if the system power instruction corresponds to a discharging state, sorting the battery clusters from large to small according to the SOC value; distributing cluster power instructions for the battery clusters one by one according to the distribution sequence obtained by sequencing; sequentially determining discharge weighting coefficients corresponding to the current power ratio and the SOC ratio of the current battery cluster according to the distribution sequence and a preset control rule; according to the discharge weighting coefficient, weighting the current average power, and distributing the cluster power instruction of the processed current average power to the current battery cluster;
the preset control rule is specifically as follows: calculating the SOC ratio of the SOC value of the current battery cluster to the average SOC value, and calculating the power ratio of the current average power to the rated power of the battery cluster;
dividing the value range of the power ratio into seven power ratio subintervals of large charge, medium charge, small charge, medium, small discharge, medium discharge and discharge;
dividing the value range of the SOC ratio into seven SOC ratio subintervals of small third level, small second level, small first level, medium level, large first level, large second level and large third level;
and setting a corresponding weighting coefficient aiming at the combination of each power ratio subinterval and each SOC ratio subinterval.
2. The energy storage system control method of claim 1, wherein assigning cluster power commands to battery clusters one by one is preceded by:
judging whether the current battery cluster is the battery cluster of the last cluster which is not allocated with the cluster power instruction;
and if so, distributing the cluster power instruction of the charging/discharging power corresponding to the residual unallocated power for the current battery cluster.
3. The energy storage system control method according to claim 1, wherein obtaining the system power command further comprises:
judging whether the time from last acquisition of the system power instruction is greater than preset idle time;
and if so, starting the in-cluster balance logic of the battery cluster.
4. The energy storage system control method according to claim 3, wherein the intra-cluster control logic is specifically:
s1: traversing all the battery monomers in the battery cluster, and searching a first battery monomer with the highest voltage and a second battery monomer with the lowest voltage;
s2: controlling the first battery cell to discharge the second battery cell;
s3: and judging whether the voltage difference value between the first battery monomer and the second battery monomer is larger than a preset voltage value, if not, continuing to step S2, otherwise, returning to step S1 until the voltage difference value between any two battery monomers is smaller than the preset voltage value, and ending.
5. An energy storage system control device, the device comprising a processor and a memory:
the memory is used for storing program codes and transmitting the program codes to the processor;
the processor is configured to execute the energy storage system control method of any one of claims 1-4 according to instructions in the program code.
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