CN108333085A - A kind of photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system and method with capacitance and color compensating - Google Patents
A kind of photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system and method with capacitance and color compensating Download PDFInfo
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- CN108333085A CN108333085A CN201711468951.1A CN201711468951A CN108333085A CN 108333085 A CN108333085 A CN 108333085A CN 201711468951 A CN201711468951 A CN 201711468951A CN 108333085 A CN108333085 A CN 108333085A
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- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 39
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/0656—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions using electric, e.g. electrostatic methods or magnetic methods
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- G01N15/075—
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system and method with capacitance and color compensating, belong to silt content detection technique field, including the control of light source, emission control circuit capacitance sensor, capacitor control circuit, color sensor, color control circuits, data acquisition process unit, data transmission module and computer and data analysis set-up, emission control circuit is connect with light source, light source is divided into two-way by spectroscope, light is directly captured by detector all the way, and another way is captured after water sand mixed liquor reflects or reflects by detector.The present invention uses the silt content detection method that is combined with capacitance sensor, color sensor of multiple photoelectric sensors, especially suitable for laboratory and scene sediment concentration measuring, is capable of the silt content distribution situation of synchro measure section to be measured or vertical line.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of silt content detection methods, more particularly to a kind of photo-electric with capacitance and color compensating
Vertical line silt content detecting system and method belong to silt content detection technique field.
Background technology
In river or ocean, it is the benefit between a suspended load and bed material particle that suspended sediment, which restores saturation process,
It fills-exchange-and is roughened coupling process, need the main track of observation near bottom sediment movement, section to contain sand in experiment or former observed quantity
The elements such as amount distribution, these need the silt content for measuring a section or a certain vertical line of section, currently, domestic and international sediment concentration measuring
Method has photovoltaic measurement, ultrasonic Method for Measuring, capacitance method, image measurement method, gamma-rays method etc., each measurement method to have it
Uniqueness measures property, measurement range and advantage and disadvantage.Photo-electric silt content survey method and technology is ripe, simple in structure, small, is mesh
Preceding use scope is most wide, a kind of highest sand-carrying capacity measuring method of degree of recognition, but existing photo-electric sand-carrying capacity measuring method master
There is following reason to cannot be satisfied wide scope, high-precision measurement request：
(1) sand-carrying capacity measuring method is mostly point measurement method at present, to measure containing for a certain section or vertical line in water body
Sand amount distribution situation, needs to place more silt content instruments, can seriously destroy flow-disturbing in this way, and when the method sampling of more measurements
Synchronous acquisition is tended not to, sediment concentration measurement result can be caused to be distorted in this way.
(2) photoelectric method measures silt content and is influenced by tested particle size, color, the even factors such as refractive index, to grey, black
Color, white particles test scope are especially poor, influence the scope of application, measuring range and the accuracy of measurement of method.
(3) photoelectric method measures silt content and is limited in scope, and is not applied for coagulation or superelevation silt content and sticky situation
Under silt content detection, influence the use scope of method.
Currently, it is the silt content for measuring certain point that photoelectric method, which measures silt content all, in the market, it is disconnected to cannot be satisfied measurement one
Face, vertical line silt content increase multiple photoelectric measurements so present invention proposition rationally designs photoconductive structure in the method
Point, it is ensured that multiple measurement points focus on same straight line, realize the measurement of the silt content on a line.Common photoelectric measurement
Method has transmission beam method, 90 degree of scattering methods, 135 degree of scattering methods, the measurement method that transmission beam method is combined with 90 degree of scattering methods.In early period
It being found during research, transmission beam method is suitable for intermediate concentration sediment concentration measuring, and 90 degree of scattering methods are measured suitable for low sand-carrying capacity,
135 degree of scattering methods are insensitive to low sand-carrying capacity detection, are only applicable to middle high sediment concentration, so the present invention proposes to dissipate using 90 degree
135 degree of scattering methods of increase expand sediment concentration measuring ranges on the basis of penetrating method.Again because current photo-electric sediment concentration measuring is single-point
It measures, so the present invention proposes that use multiple sets of light sources transmitting LED, 90 degree of scatterings to receive LED ties with 135 degree of scattering reception LED phases
It closes, realizes that the vertical line of water body silt content measures.It is affected again by grain color because photoelectric method measures silt content, therefore the present invention
It proposes to increase and uses color sensor, color reaction is carried out to underwater particulate matter, color compensating is provided for silt content.Again because of water body
In middle particle be non-uniform, some sand-likes will produce flocculation phenomenon in water body, reduce the accuracy that photoelectric method measures, because
This needs to propose increase capacitance sensor, keeps test data more acurrate.
Invention content
The main object of the present invention is to provide for that a kind of measurement range is big, reliability is high has capacitance and color compensating
Photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system and method, using multiple photoelectric sensors and capacitance sensor, color sensor phase
In conjunction with silt content detection method, especially suitable for laboratory and live sediment concentration measuring, can synchro measure it is to be measured
The silt content distribution situation of section or vertical line.
The purpose of the present invention can reach by using following technical solution：
A kind of photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system with capacitance and color compensating, including emission control circuit, light
Source, detector, data acquisition process unit, capacitor control circuit, capacitance sensor, color control circuits, color sensor, number
According to transmission module and computer control and data analysis set-up, computer control and data analysis set-up respectively with the hair
Light control circuit, the data acquisition process unit, the capacitor control circuit, the color control circuits and the data pass
The electrical connection of defeated module, the emission control circuit are connect with the light source, the data acquisition process unit also respectively with detection
Device and detector electrical connection, the light source are divided into two-way same light beam through spectroscope, and the detector receives the light source through dividing
The light beam that light microscopic directly obtains, the detector and the detector receive the light after water sand mixing liquid reflects or reflects
Beam, the capacitor control circuit are electrically connected with the capacitance sensor, the color control circuits and color sensor electricity
Connection, the data acquisition process unit are electrically connected with the data transmission module.
Preferably, the detector, the detector and the detector are fibre optical sensor, the fibre optical sensor
It is made of optical fiber and optical sensor original paper, the optical fiber includes 90 degree of optical fibers and 135 degree of optical fibers, described
The extending direction of 90 degree of optical fibers is with irradiation light direction at an angle of 90 degrees, the extending direction and photograph of 135 degree of optical fibers
Radiation direction is penetrated into 135 degree of angles.
Preferably, the light source is infrared LED lamp or laser LED lamp, including LED light emits light source, an angle of 90 degrees LED light connects
Receive module and 135 degree of corner LED lamp receiving modules.
Preferably, the infrared LED lamp and the laser LED lamp include LED light and are arranged in front of LED light saturating
Mirror, LED light light are refracted as parallel rays through lens.
Preferably, the LED light transmitting light source, an angle of 90 degrees LED light receiving module and 135 degree of corner LED lamps connect
It receives module to be made of multiple same light source transmitting modules and receiving module, the joint of these modules forms a test surface.
Preferably, the capacitance sensor inductively measures the dielectric constant in water body, and is connect with temperature compensation module.
Preferably, the color sensor incudes the color of particle in water body, for computer control and data analysis
Device provides color supplement, reduces influence of the grain color to measurement result.
Preferably, further include display unit, the display unit is used for the silt content of each measurement point of real-time display vertical line section
Data, the display unit are electrically connected with the data acquisition process unit and computer control and data analysis set-up respectively
It connecing, the data acquisition process unit is used to acquire the analog signal of the capacitance sensor and color sensor output,
Analog signal is subjected to digital-to-analogue conversion and modulation is amplified, and the computer control and data are transmitted to by data transmission module
Analytical equipment, the computer control and data analysis set-up are used to control the data acquisition process by data transmission module
Unit carries out data acquisition, and calculates the data of acquisition, obtains multiple spot silt content data on vertical line, and by described aobvious
Show that module is given to show.
A kind of photo-electric vertical line silt content detection method with capacitance and color compensating, includes the following steps：
Step 1：It is in the open state to control LED light source, acquires light source respectively with reference to light intensity data, an angle of 90 degrees scattered light intensity
Data and 135 degree of angle scattered light intensity data；
Step 2：Control LED light source is closed, and acquires above-mentioned three road light intensity data respectively；
Step 3：The difference light intensity for calculating separately the two, eliminates the shadow of the dark current to test of photodetector itself
It rings；
Step 4：To three road difference datas, pretends denominator using reference light and do division arithmetic, calculate relative value, eliminate reference
Influence of the light light-intensity variation to test；
Step 5：An angle of 90 degrees light intensity is made reference, certain weighted factor is chosen, by 90 degree of light intensity values and 135 degree of angle light intensity values
Operation is compared, sediment concentration measuring value is as a result used as；
Step 6：Above step is repeated, multigroup content measurement value is calculated；
Step 7：Control color sensor is in working condition, color sensor numerical value is read, to sediment concentration measuring result
Do primary amendment；
Step 8：It is in running order to control capacitance sensor, reads capacitance sensor numerical value, temperature sensor data, it is right
Capacitance sensor data is corrected, and result does second-order correction calculating to silt content value result.
Further, in the step 8, using linear interpolation method, the containing not in measurement range between each measurement point
Sand amount does interpolation processing, estimated value is obtained, to obtain the silt content data and silt content distribution trend figure of test surface.
The advantageous effects of the present invention：
1, photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system and method according to the invention with capacitance and color compensating, this hair
The photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system and method with capacitance and color compensating of bright offer, comparison are single using multiple tradition
Point photo-electric silt content and the same section silt content situation of multisensor vertical line sediment concentration measuring, obtain each test point in experiment
The data comparative analysis obtained, tradition measure the silt content of test surface, multiple instruments superpositions using multiple single-point sediment concentration measuring instrument
On the same section, the water (flow) direction of test point and husky content distribution are seriously affected, the accuracy for detecting measurement is low, reliability
Not high, using photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system and method with capacitance and color compensating, multiple sensors are compact, section
It learns, Rational Arrangement, small volume, not flow-disturbing, detection planar survey and actual experiment calculation measuring result error are little, therefore the party
Method is measured has important breakthrough to photoelectric method Measure section silt content concentration.Increased capacitance sensor is sensed with color simultaneously
Device, even if measuring black, grey sand-like, particle size is uneven, occurs the harsh conditions such as particle flocculation, sticky in water, all
Very accurate result and wider measurement range can be obtained, has prodigious practical value, and silt content is measured to photoelectric method
One prodigious promotion of energy.
2, photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system and method according to the invention with capacitance and color compensating, this hair
The photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system and method with capacitance and color compensating of bright offer, can improve to model riverbed
Form acquires and the efficiency and precision of understanding, realizes suspended sediment concentration along the automating of journey vertical distributing, micro- interference measurement
Function makes up to the intelligence in model test to suspended sediment transport and measures, and avoids bringing because human factor is excessive
Error and inefficiency.It is more accurate to be provided for researchs such as suspended sediment microscopic motion rule, unsaturation Sediment Transport Process
Experimental data, will greatly push sediment movement basic law and river bed change mechanism study, and uneven sediment bypassing mistake
The progress in the fields such as journey simulation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be the photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system according to the invention with capacitance and color compensating one preferably
The circuit connection diagram of embodiment；
Fig. 2 be the photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system according to the invention with capacitance and color compensating one preferably
The sensor attachment structure figure of embodiment.
In figure：1- emission control circuits, 2- light sources, 3- detectors, 4- detectors, 5- detectors, 6- data acquisition process
Unit, 7- capacitor control circuits, 8- capacitance sensors, 9- color control circuits, 10- color sensors, 11- data transmission moulds
Block, the control of 12- computers and data analysis set-up.
Specific implementation mode
To make the more clear and clear technical scheme of the present invention of those skilled in the art, with reference to embodiment and attached drawing
The present invention is described in further detail, and embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of photo-electric vertical line silt content with capacitance and color compensating provided in this embodiment
Detecting system, including emission control circuit 1, light source 2, detector 3, data acquisition process unit 6, capacitor control circuit 7, capacitance
Sensor 8, color control circuits 9, color sensor 10, data transmission module 11 and computer control and data analysis set-up
12, computer control and data analysis set-up 12 respectively with the emission control circuit 1, the data acquisition process unit
6, the capacitor control circuit 7, the color control circuits 9 and the data transmission module 11 are electrically connected, the light emitting control
Circuit 1 is connect with the light source 2, and the data acquisition process unit 6 is also electrically connected with detector 4 and detector 5 respectively, described
Light source 2 is divided into two-way same light beam through spectroscope, and the detector 3 receives the light beam that the light source 2 is directly obtained through spectroscope,
The detector 4 and the detector 5 receive the light beam after water sand mixing liquid reflects or reflects, the capacitor control circuit
7 are electrically connected with the capacitance sensor 8, and the color control circuits 9 are electrically connected with the color sensor 10, and the data are adopted
Collection processing unit 6 is electrically connected with the data transmission module 11.
Further, in the present embodiment, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the detector 3, the detector 4 and the spy
It is fibre optical sensor to survey device 5, and the fibre optical sensor is made of optical fiber and optical sensor original paper, the optical fiber packet
90 degree of optical fibers and 135 degree of optical fibers are included, the extending direction of 90 degree of optical fibers and irradiation light direction are at 90 degree
Angle, the extending direction of 135 degree of optical fibers and irradiation light direction are at 135 degree of angles.
Further, in the present embodiment, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the light source 2 be infrared LED lamp or laser LED lamp,
Including LED light transmitting light source, an angle of 90 degrees LED light receiving module and 135 degree of corner LED lamp receiving modules；The infrared LED lamp and institute
It states laser LED lamp and is refracted as parallel rays through lens including LED light and the lens being arranged in front of LED light, LED light light；
The LED light transmitting light source, an angle of 90 degrees LED light receiving module and 135 degree of corner LED lamp receiving modules are by multiple phases
It is formed with light source emitting module and receiving module, the joint of these modules forms a test surface.
Further, in the present embodiment, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the capacitance sensor 8 inductively measures in water body
Dielectric constant, and being connect with temperature compensation module is system when tested sand-like has flocculation, sticky or high sediment concentration,
Compensation is provided, the color sensor 10 incudes the color of particle in water body, for computer control and data analysis set-up
12 provide color supplement, reduce influence of the grain color to measurement result.
Further, in the present embodiment, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, further include display unit, the display unit is used for
The silt content data of each measurement point of real-time display vertical line section, the display unit respectively with the data acquisition process unit 6 and
The computer control and data analysis set-up 12 are electrically connected, and the data acquisition process unit 6 is passed for acquiring the capacitance
Analog signal is carried out digital-to-analogue conversion and modulation is amplified, and passed through by the analog signal that sensor 8 and the color sensor 10 export
Data transmission module 11 is transmitted to the computer control and data analysis set-up 12, the computer control and data analysis dress
It sets 12 and carries out data acquisition for controlling the data acquisition process unit 6 by data transmission module 11, and to the number of acquisition
According to being calculated, multiple spot silt content data on vertical line are obtained, and give and show by the display module.
Further, in the present embodiment, a kind of photo-electric with capacitance and color compensating provided in this embodiment is hung down
Line silt content detection method, includes the following steps：
Step 1：It is in the open state to control LED light source, acquires light source respectively with reference to light intensity data, an angle of 90 degrees scattered light intensity
Data and 135 degree of angle scattered light intensity data；
Step 2：Control LED light source is closed, and acquires above-mentioned three road light intensity data respectively；
Step 3：The difference light intensity for calculating separately the two, eliminates the shadow of the dark current to test of photodetector itself
It rings；
Step 4：To three road difference datas, pretends denominator using reference light and do division arithmetic, calculate relative value, eliminate reference
Influence of the light light-intensity variation to test；
Step 5：An angle of 90 degrees light intensity is made reference, certain weighted factor is chosen, by 90 degree of light intensity values and 135 degree of angle light intensity values
Operation is compared, sediment concentration measuring value is as a result used as；
Step 6：Above step is repeated, multigroup content measurement value is calculated；
Step 7：Control color sensor is in working condition, color sensor numerical value is read, to sediment concentration measuring result
Do primary amendment；
Step 8：It is in running order to control capacitance sensor, reads capacitance sensor numerical value, temperature sensor data, it is right
Capacitance sensor data is corrected, and result does second-order correction calculating to silt content value result.
Further, in the present embodiment, it in the step 8, using linear interpolation method, is not being surveyed between each measurement point
Silt content in amount range does interpolation processing, obtains estimated value, to obtain silt content data and the silt content distribution of test surface
Tendency chart.
Further, in the present embodiment, the light source is infrared LED lamp or laser LED etc., including LED light transmitting light
Source, an angle of 90 degrees LED light receiving module, 135 degree of corner LED lamp receiving modules.The light source includes LED light and is arranged before LED light
The lens of side, LED light light are refracted as parallel rays through lens.Using LED light cold light source, luminous efficiency is high, and stability is good, long
Time irradiates, good temp characteristic.
Further, in the present embodiment, the transmitting light source led lamp, an angle of 90 degrees LED light receiving module, 135 degree of angles
It is that multiple same light source transmitting modules are formed with receiving module that LED light, which receives mould, and the joint of these modules forms a detection
The accuracy of section line sediment concentration measuring in water is improved in face.
Further, in the present embodiment, the capacitance sensor inductively measures the dielectric constant in water body, and increases temperature
Compensating module is spent, the accuracy of capacitance sensor is improved, to reduce in particle size, water under the conditions of particle flocculation, sticky etc.
Influence to measurement result.
Further, in the present embodiment, the color sensor incudes the color of particle in water body, is carried for optical-electric module
It is supplemented for color, reduces influence of the grain color to measurement result.
Further, in the present embodiment, the multisensor vertical line sand-carrying capacity measuring method further include data acquisition with
Processing unit, computer control and the compositions such as data analysis and display unit；The data acquisition and procession unit is for acquiring
The optical sensor components, capacitance sensor original paper, color sensor element output analog signal, by analog signal into line number
Mould is converted and modulation amplification, and is transmitted to the computer control and data analysis module by data transmission module.The meter
Calculation machine controls and data analysis set-up, for by data transmission module, control data acquisition circuit to carry out data acquisition, and right
The data of acquisition are calculated, and obtain multiple spot silt content data on vertical line, and give and show by display module.
Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, the photo-electric vertical line silt content with capacitance and color compensating
Detection method, by emission control circuit 1, light source 2a, 2b, detector 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, capacitor control circuit 7, capacitance
Sensor 8, color control circuits 9, color sensor 10, data acquisition process unit 6, data transmission module 11 and computer control
System and data analysis set-up 12 form.
Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, photodetector 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, fine by light guide
Peacekeeping optical sensor original paper forms, wherein detector 3a, 3b are received respectively by light source 2a, references of the 2b after spectroscope is divided
Light source, the reception direction of detector 4a, 4b and corresponding light source 2a, 2b radiation directions are at 90 degree.The reception of detector 5a, 5b
Direction and corresponding light source 2a, 2b radiation directions are at 135 degree.Light source 2a, 2b include LED light and are arranged in front of LED light
Lens, the light that LED light is launched are refracted as parallel source light through lens.This method needs setting more according to practical measure
Group light source, 90 degree of detectors, 135 degree of detectors form vertical line silt content detector, contain sand on test surface so as to measure
Measure data.
Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, computer control and data analysis set-up 12 are sent out for controlling
The working condition of light control circuit 1, capacitor control circuit 7, color control circuits 9 and data acquisition process unit 6, data acquisition
With processing unit 6 be used for acquire multichannel ray detector output analog signal, pressure sensor output analog signal and
The analog signal of color sensor output, and these analog signals are subjected to digital-to-analogue conversion and modulation amplification, and passed by data
Defeated module 11 (such as Wireless/wired network) is transmitted to computer control and data analysis set-up 12；Computer controls and data point
Analysis apparatus 12 carries out data acquisition for controlling data acquisition circuit by data transmission network, and is carried out to the data of acquisition
It calculates, silt content is shown according to the result of calculating.
Further, in the present embodiment, computer control and data analysis set-up 12 execute the following steps (1) and control
LED light source is in the open state, acquires light source respectively and refers to light intensity data, an angle of 90 degrees scattered light intensity data, 135 degree of angles scatter light
Strong data；(2) control LED light source is closed, and acquires above-mentioned three road light intensity data respectively；Both (3) calculate separately
Difference light intensity thus effectively eliminates the influence of the dark current to test of photodetector itself；4) to three road difference datas,
Denominator is pretended using reference light and does division arithmetic, calculates relative value, thus eliminates influence of the reference light light-intensity variation to test；
(5) an angle of 90 degrees light intensity is made reference, chooses certain weighted factor, 90 degree of light intensity values and 135 degree of angle light intensity values are compared into operation,
As a result it is used as sediment concentration measuring value.(5) above step is repeated, multigroup content measurement value is calculated；The step is to realize multiple spot vertical line
Technical measures (6) the control color sensor of measurement is in working condition, color sensor numerical value is read, to sediment concentration measuring knot
Fruit is cooked primary amendment；(7) control capacitance sensor is in running order, reading capacitance sensor numerical value, temperature sensor data,
Capacitance sensor data is corrected, result does second-order correction calculating to silt content value result；The step is to improve photoelectric measuring
The scope of application of amount method improves the technical measures of measurement accuracy.
Further, in the present embodiment, the measuring principle of multiple sensors vertical line sediment concentration measuring system is as follows：Due to
The present invention selects infrared light or infrared laser, light wave length to be far smaller than the grain size of the grains of sand in water, when suspended particulate diameter is big
When equal to incident light wave length, the scattered light intensity of all directions is of substantially equal, can be indicated with the Mie laws of such as formula (1),
I.e.:
IMscat=KMANIsrc (1)
In formula, IsrcFor incident intensity, IMscatFor Mie scattered light intensities, KMFor Mie scattering coefficients, A is suspended particulate
Surface area, N are the suspended particulate number in unit volume of water.As it can be seen that in the feelings of stable incident intensity and fixed wave length
Under condition, scattered light intensity is directly proportional containing husky total amount to water, i.e., directly proportional to the silt content in water.Mie scatters the intensity of light
It is related with the distribution of angle.Backscatter sounding is that detector is placed on the position that opposite incident ray 135 arrives 180 degree range
On.The angle reflects the feature of middle high sediment concentration to back scattering photaesthesia, and insensitive to low sand-carrying capacity.90 ° of detections are
Common a kind of detection angle, because it has particle size larger sensitivity.It is very sensitive to color interference, to low
Silt content detection is highly useful.The present invention selects the spirit that 90 degree of scattering light and 135 degree of scattering light are tested for improving low sand-carrying capacity
Quick property and the reliability of high sediment concentration have Important Theoretic Foundation.
Further, in the present embodiment, source emissioning light beam irradiates arsenicbearing gold ores sample, and being irradiated to an angle of 90 degrees according to light beam visits
Device and 135 degree of detectors are surveyed, 90 degree of scattered light intensities is obtained and 135 degree of the strong and weak of scattered light intensity changes, so that it may sand will be contained in water
The real-time change of amount is converted into different size of electric signal.The electric signal for being loaded with silt content is passed through in signal acquisition with modulation circuit
It is output in microcontroller after the processing such as filtering, amplification.Microcontroller is by data through exporting transmission module (wire/radio network) number
According to being transferred in computer, and host computer is exactly the control centre of whole system, carries transmission instruction and processing data
Task.
Further, in the present embodiment, in order to measure the silt content on a certain test surface, the present invention passes through increasing
Addition obtains the husky content distribution situation on a vertical line, is to multiple sets of light sources, an angle of 90 degrees detector and 135 degree of angle detectors
Increase the continuity of measurement point, according to actual needs, using linear interpolation method, estimates the silt content between test point on vertical line
Data improve the visuality of testing result.
Further, in the present embodiment, the accuracy that the sand-likes such as grey, black measure is measured in order to increase photoelectric method,
The present invention obtains grain color in water, to correct silt content testing result, to improve silt content by increasing color sensor
Measurement range.
Further, in the present embodiment, in order to increase silt content particle is uneven, flocculation, the sticky or transparent grains of sand
When, the reliability of silt content testing result, the present invention proposes to correct silt content testing result with capacitance method again.Sha Yushui
Mixing be actually solid, liquid two-phase statistics mixture, the electric object of difference in dielectric constant caused by the mixture using Sha Yushui
Characteristic is managed, tested husky changes of contents can be converted into the variation of capacitance using dielectric constant capacitance type sensor principle is become.
For the reliability of verification method, under the same conditions, match at random uneven sand-like particle group at water sand mixed liquor, one group
Only obtain 90 degree scattering with 135 degree scatter striked by silt content values, one group on this basis capacitance sensor do compensating approach,
Experiment show when in water sand-like particle size notable difference do not have it is flocculated under the conditions of, using capacitance sensor it is modified containing sand
Measurements are more acurrate.So as it can be seen that the method that multisensor detects silt content jointly, is better able to adapt to various test wrappers
Border has the advantages that certain.
Further, in the present embodiment, the photo-electric vertical line provided in this embodiment with capacitance and color compensating contains
Husky amount detection systems and method, comparison are same using multiple traditional single-point photo-electric silt contents and multisensor vertical line sediment concentration measuring
One section silt content situation, to the data comparative analysis that each test point in experiment obtains, tradition uses multiple single-point silt contents
Measuring instrument measures the silt content of test surface, and multiple instruments are superimposed upon on the same section, seriously affect the water (flow) direction of test point
With husky content, the accuracy for detecting measurement is low, and reliability is not high, using the photo-electric vertical line with capacitance and color compensating containing sand
Amount detection systems and method, multiple sensors are compact, science, Rational Arrangement, small volume, not flow-disturbing, detect planar survey and reality
Border experiment calculation measuring result error is little, therefore this method is measured to photoelectric method Measure section silt content concentration with great prominent
It is broken.Increased capacitance sensor and color sensor simultaneously, even if measuring black, grey sand-like, particle size is uneven, water
In there are the harsh conditions such as particle flocculation, very accurate result and wider measurement range can be obtained, there is prodigious practical valence
Value, and a prodigious promotion of silt content performance is measured photoelectric method.
Further, in the present embodiment, the photo-electric vertical line provided in this embodiment with capacitance and color compensating contains
Husky amount detection systems and method can improve the efficiency and precision for acquiring and recognizing to model bed configuration, realize suspended load mud
Husky concentration makes up to and is transported to suspended sediment in model test along the automating of journey vertical distributing, micro- interference measurement function
Dynamic intelligence measures, and avoids the error and inefficiency brought because human factor is excessive.It can be suspended sediment microscopic motion
The researchs such as rule, unsaturation Sediment Transport Process provide more accurate experimental data, will greatly push sediment movement basic law and
The progress in the fields such as river bed change mechanism study, and uneven sediment bypassing process simulation.
The above, further embodiment only of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is any
Within the scope of the present disclosure, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its design adds those familiar with the art
With equivalent substitution or change, protection scope of the present invention is belonged to.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system with capacitance and color compensating, including emission control circuit (1), light
Source (2), detector (3), data acquisition process unit (6), capacitor control circuit (7), capacitance sensor (8), color control electricity
Road (9), color sensor (10), data transmission module (11) and computer control and data analysis set-up (12), feature exists
In：Computer control and data analysis set-up (12) respectively with the emission control circuit (1), the data acquisition process
Unit (6), the capacitor control circuit (7), the color control circuits (9) and the data transmission module (11) electrical connection,
The emission control circuit (1) connect with the light source (2), the data acquisition process unit (6) also respectively with detector (4)
It is electrically connected with detector (5), the light source (2) is divided into two-way same light beam through spectroscope, and the detector (3) receives the light
The light beam that source (2) is directly obtained through spectroscope, the detector (4) and the detector (5) are received to be rolled over through water sand mixing liquid
Light beam after penetrating or reflecting, the capacitor control circuit (7) are electrically connected with the capacitance sensor (8), the color control electricity
Road (9) is electrically connected with the color sensor (10), the data acquisition process unit (6) and the data transmission module (11)
Electrical connection.
2. a kind of photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system with capacitance and color compensating according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The detector (3), the detector (4) and the detector (5) are fibre optical sensor, and the optical fiber passes
Sensor is made of optical fiber and optical sensor original paper, and the optical fiber includes 90 degree of optical fibers and 135 degree of optical fibers,
The extending direction of 90 degree of optical fibers is with irradiation light direction at an angle of 90 degrees, the extending direction of 135 degree of optical fibers
With irradiation light direction at 135 degree of angles.
3. a kind of photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system with capacitance and color compensating according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The light source (2) is infrared LED lamp or laser LED lamp, including LED light transmitting light source, the reception of an angle of 90 degrees LED light
Module and 135 degree of corner LED lamp receiving modules.
4. a kind of photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system with capacitance and color compensating according to claim 3,
It is characterized in that：The infrared LED lamp and the laser LED lamp are including LED light and the lens being arranged in front of LED light, LED light
Light is refracted as parallel rays through lens.
5. a kind of photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system with capacitance and color compensating according to claim 4,
It is characterized in that：The LED light transmitting light source, an angle of 90 degrees LED light receiving module and 135 degree of corner LEDs lamp receiving module
It is made of multiple same light source transmitting modules and receiving module, the joint of these modules forms a test surface.
6. a kind of photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system with capacitance and color compensating according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The capacitance sensor (8) inductively measures the dielectric constant in water body, and is connect with temperature compensation module.
7. a kind of photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system with capacitance and color compensating according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The color of particle in color sensor (10) the induction water body, for computer control and data analysis dress
It sets (12) and color supplement is provided, reduce influence of the grain color to measurement result.
8. a kind of photo-electric vertical line silt content detecting system with capacitance and color compensating according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Further include display unit, the display unit is used for the silt content data of each measurement point of real-time display vertical line section, institute
Display unit is stated to be electrically connected with the data acquisition process unit (6) and computer control and data analysis set-up (12) respectively
It connects, the data acquisition process unit (6) is used to acquire what the capacitance sensor (8) and the color sensor (10) exported
Analog signal is carried out digital-to-analogue conversion and modulation is amplified, and is transmitted to the meter by data transmission module (11) by analog signal
Calculation machine controls and data analysis set-up (12), and the computer control and data analysis set-up (12) are used to pass through data transmission mould
Block (11) controls the data acquisition process unit (6) and carries out data acquisition, and calculates the data of acquisition, obtains vertical line
Upper multiple spot silt content data, and given and shown by the display module.
9. a kind of photo-electric vertical line silt content detection method with capacitance and color compensating, it is characterised in that：Including walking as follows
Suddenly：
Step 1：It is in the open state to control LED light source, acquires light source respectively with reference to light intensity data, an angle of 90 degrees scattered light intensity data
With 135 degree of angle scattered light intensity data；
Step 2：Control LED light source is closed, and acquires above-mentioned three road light intensity data respectively；
Step 3：The difference light intensity for calculating separately the two, eliminates the influence of the dark current to test of photodetector itself；
Step 4：To three road difference datas, pretends denominator using reference light and do division arithmetic, calculate relative value, eliminate reference light light
The dynamic influence to test of high-amplitude wave；
Step 5：An angle of 90 degrees light intensity is made reference, certain weighted factor is chosen, 90 degree of light intensity values and 135 degree of angle light intensity values are done into ratio
Compared with operation, it is as a result used as sediment concentration measuring value；
Step 6：Above step is repeated, multigroup content measurement value is calculated；
Step 7：Control color sensor is in working condition, reads color sensor numerical value, one is done to sediment concentration measuring result
Secondary amendment；
Step 8：It is in running order to control capacitance sensor, capacitance sensor numerical value, temperature sensor data are read, to capacitance
Sensing data is corrected, and result does second-order correction calculating to silt content value result.
10. a kind of photo-electric vertical line silt content detection method with capacitance and color compensating according to claim 9,
It is characterized in that：In the step 8, using linear interpolation method, the silt content not in measurement range between each measurement point is done slotting
Value processing, obtains estimated value, to obtain the silt content data and silt content distribution trend figure of test surface.
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