CN204228605U - A kind of measurement mechanism of water turbidity and measuring system - Google Patents
A kind of measurement mechanism of water turbidity and measuring system Download PDFInfo
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- CN204228605U CN204228605U CN201420732609.3U CN201420732609U CN204228605U CN 204228605 U CN204228605 U CN 204228605U CN 201420732609 U CN201420732609 U CN 201420732609U CN 204228605 U CN204228605 U CN 204228605U
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- light
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- measuring flume
- transparent measuring
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of measurement mechanism and measuring system of water turbidity, measurement mechanism comprises light source, spectral module, transparent measuring flume, two photodetectors; Described light source is used for launching a monochromic beam to described spectral module, described spectral module is used for the two-beam above-mentioned monochromatic light being divided into known light intensity ratio, the surveyed area of the transparent measuring flume of two-beam vertical incidence, and intersect in surveyed area, described two photodetectors lay respectively on the extended line of two-beam incident direction, and are positioned at the opposite side of transparent measuring flume.The measurement mechanism of the utility model water turbidity and measuring system, propose a kind of turbidimetry scheme of single light source double light path, measure scattered light and transmitted light simultaneously, effectively reduce the measuring error that flashing causes, can after working long hours, retention is stablized, and reduces blind area scope, expands and measures range.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of measurement mechanism and measuring system of the water turbidity based on optical means, belongs to liquid turbidity field of measuring technique.
Background technology
The turbidity of water is a kind of optical effect in water sample, refers to that the solid particulate matter and impurity that suspend in water sample are to the degree of the water sample transparency change caused by the scattering of light and absorption.In recent years, along with the raising of living standard, the degree of concern of people to health improves day by day, correspondingly, also improves the requirement of the quality of water thereupon.And turbidity is as a kind of important measure yardstick detecting the quality of water, its whether accurate detection to water quality of measuring serves vital effect.
According to turbidimetry international standard ISO7027 and EPA standard EPA180.1, the measurement of turbidity measures scattered light on 90 ° of directions, this measuring method has good linear relationship in low turbidity region, but result in measuring error because scattered light creates rescattering in high concentrtion region.Therefore, turbidimeter is on the market when measuring high concentrtion at present, is generally realize Turbidity measurement by the transmitted light that measuring error is less.On the other hand, in actual measurement, although the turbidimeter of single light source monochromatic light road type is simple and practical, but its remarkable shortcoming is the increase along with device service time, the stability of light source can be deteriorated, and its light intensity sent and theoretical value can there are differences, and cause the error of measured value and actual value.
Disclosed in, (application number is 201310582945.4 to Chinese invention, the applying date is 2013.11.19) in, inventor have employed the mode that two light source 90 ° of scatterings combine with back scattering, two light source is adopted alternately to send the different detection light of frequency, to avoid light source device quick aging, but still cannot solve the measuring error brought because of light source ages.Its scattered light method selected measures turbidity when high concentrtion simultaneously, and the cause due to rescattering makes error comparatively large, and thus the measurement range of the program is restricted.
Utility model content
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is: the measurement mechanism of the water turbidity providing a kind of scattering method of light and transmission beam method to combine and measuring system, the error of the turbidimetry that solution causes due to flashing, reduce single scattering method or the scope of transmission beam method in respective blind area, range extension.
The utility model is for solving the problems of the technologies described above by the following technical solutions:
A measurement mechanism for water turbidity, comprises light source, spectral module, transparent measuring flume, two photodetectors; Described light source is used for launching a monochromic beam to described spectral module; Described spectral module is used for the two-beam of the surveyed area above-mentioned monochromatic light being divided into the transparent measuring flume of incidence that light intensity does not wait, and described two-beam is mutually vertical, and intersects in surveyed area; Described two photodetectors lay respectively on the extended line of two-beam incident direction, and are positioned at the opposite side of transparent measuring flume.
Preferably, described transparent measuring flume comprises the water inlet below surveyed area, the water delivering orifice above surveyed area, top, the bottom of the inwall surveyed area of described transparent measuring flume are respectively arranged with at least one pair of baffle, the baffle on the top of described surveyed area and transparent measuring flume inwall are 45 °-75 ° along the angle of water (flow) direction, and the baffle of the bottom of described surveyed area and transparent measuring flume inwall are 105 °-135 ° along the angle of water (flow) direction.
Preferably, described spectral module comprises spectroscope, the first ~ the second level crossing, described spectroscope is used for described monochromatic light to be divided into two-beam, and described the first ~ the second level crossing, for changing the light path of wherein light beam, makes it crossing with another light beam and transparent measuring flume described in vertical incidence.
Preferably, described spectroscope is raster pattern spectroscope.
Preferably, the wavelength of described light source is 860nm.
Preferably, described two photodetectors are phototriode.
A kind of measuring system of water turbidity, comprise the measurement mechanism of water turbidity described above, signal processing module, display module, described signal processing module comprises the amplifying circuit, filtering circuit, A/D convertor circuit and the control circuit that connect successively, described amplifying circuit is connected with described two photodetectors respectively, and described display module is connected with control circuit.
The utility model adopts above technical scheme compared with prior art, has following technique effect:
1, the measurement mechanism of the utility model water turbidity and measuring system, propose a kind of turbidimetry scheme of single light source double light path, measure scattered light and transmitted light simultaneously, effectively can reduce the measuring error that flashing causes, can after working long hours, retention is stablized.
2, the measurement mechanism of the utility model water turbidity and measuring system, utilize the mode that transmitted light combines with scattered light, reduces blind area scope, expands systematic survey range.
3, the measurement mechanism of the utility model water turbidity and measuring system, improve systems axiol-ogy sensitivity, simplify whole measuring system, and have higher level of integrated system, more compact structure, realize the on-line quick detection of water turbidity under complicated environmental condition.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the measurement mechanism of the utility model water turbidity.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the transparent measuring flume of the utility model.
Wherein: 1 is light source, 2 is spectroscope, and 3 is the first level crossing, and 4 is the second level crossing, 5 is transparent measuring flume, and 6 is the first lens, and 7 is the second lens, and 8 is the first photodetector, 9 is the second photodetector, and 10 is baffle, and 11 is water inlet, and 12 is water delivering orifice.
Embodiment
Be described below in detail embodiment of the present utility model, the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein same or similar label represents same or similar element or has element that is identical or similar functions from start to finish.Being exemplary below by the embodiment be described with reference to the drawings, only for explaining the utility model, and can not being interpreted as restriction of the present utility model.
The utility model, by utilizing same light source to reduce because light source shakes the error produced, adopts loose, transmittance values method simultaneously, error during to reduce the scattering method caused because turbidity is too high and the too low error bringing transmission beam method of turbidity.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of measurement mechanism of water turbidity, comprises light source 1, spectroscope 2, first level crossing 3, second level crossing 4, transparent measuring flume 5, first lens 6, second lens 7, first photodetector 8, second photodetector 9, light source is used for launching a monochromic beam to spectroscope, spectroscope is used for above-mentioned monochromatic light to be divided into two-beam, first, second level crossing is for changing the light path of wherein light beam, make it and another light beam incident at an angle of 90 transparent measuring flume mutually, the incident direction of the first lens and wherein light beam is located along the same line, the incident direction of the second lens and other light beam is located along the same line, be respectively used to converge above-mentioned two-beam and penetrate next transmitted light and scattered light to them after the transmission and scattering of water in transparent measuring flume, first photodetector is for receiving the light beam after the first lens converge, second photodetector is for receiving the light beam after the second lens converge.
As shown in Figure 2, the water inlet 11 of transparent measuring flume under, water delivering orifice 12 is upper, and the top of inwall water inlet of transparent measuring flume, the below of water delivering orifice are fixed with at least one pair of baffle 10, above water inlet, baffle and transparent measuring flume inwall are 45 °-75 ° along the angle of water (flow) direction, and below water delivering orifice, baffle and transparent measuring flume inwall are 105 °-135 ° along the angle of water (flow) direction.
Light source adopts the near infrared light of 860nm, can reduce the impact of colourity for turbidimetry of water sample to greatest extent; Spectroscope adopts raster pattern spectroscope, and the monochromatic light sent by light source is divided into the light of two bundle same frequencys of known light intensity proportionate relationship, and it is roughly equal that raster pattern spectroscope produces the assorted district of spectrum, and red light district resolution is higher than lens type; Photodetector is a phototriode, and phototriode sensitivity is higher, and volume is little, and power consumption is little, and it is overheated to be not easy to, and does not need too much cooling device; Transparent measuring flume water inlet under, water delivering orifice with the flow velocity reducing water, avoids the generation of bubble upper, and groove inwall adopts the design of baffle, the bubble in water body is adhered to, avoids bubble on the impact of turbidimetry.
Light path detailed path of the present utility model is as follows: light beam I is produced by light source 1, creates light beam I by spectroscope 2
awith light beam I
b, light beam I
athe transparent measuring flume 5 of direct incidence.Light beam I
bincident first level crossing 3, reflexes to the second level crossing 4, by the inclination angle changing the first level crossing 3 or the second level crossing 4, light path is changed, and with light beam I
athe transparent measuring flume 5 of vertical incidence at an angle of 90.Because the water sample in transparent measuring flume 5 is to light beam I
awith light beam I
bthere are scattering and absorption, light beam I
atransmitted light and light beam I
bscattered light through the convergence effect of the first lens 6, the detection window of incident first photodetector 8.Analogously, light beam I
btransmitted light and light beam I
ascattered light through the convergence effect of the second lens 7, the detection window of incident second photodetector 9.Need during measurement to ensure above-mentioned all devices all at grade.
The mode that the utility model utilizes the scattering method of light and transmission beam method to combine measures the turbidity of testing liquid, and its principle is as follows.
That in the utility model, the first photodetector 8 accepts is light beam I
athrough the transmitted light I of testing liquid
a1and light beam I
bthrough the scattered light I of testing liquid
b2the light I of superposition
e1, that the second photodetector 9 accepts is light beam I
athrough the scattered light I of testing liquid
a2and light beam I
bthrough the transmitted light I of testing liquid
b1the light I of superposition
e2.I
awith I
btwo of the known light intensity proportionate relationship (this proportionate relationship can not be 1:1, be 1:2 in the present embodiment) produced by spectroscope for same light source I restraints the light wave of same frequencys.Both business α and currently treat that the turbidity of sample measuring liquid has certain funtcional relationship, derives as follows:
Wherein: S
a1, S
a2, S
b1, S
b2for light beam I
aand I
bmagnitude of voltage after first, second photodetector carries out opto-electronic conversion.
According to Bill's Lambert law and Rayleigh (Rayleigh) law, can obtain:
Wherein: K
sfor constant, relevant with the composition of testing liquid, character, A=I
a1/ I
afor scale-up factor, T is the turbidity value of testing liquid.
Due to I
awith I
bproportionate relationship known, be I
a=mI
b, (3)
(3) are substituted into (2) can obtain
Make t=A+K
stm, can obtain (4) abbreviation
Be directly proportional by (5) known α and 1/t, and t and T is directly proportional, then 1/ α and T is directly proportional, and can pass through I
e1with I
e2ratio α try to achieve the turbidity value T of testing liquid.But due in actual measurement, constant K
srelevant with the composition of testing liquid, character, K
svalue be difficult to obtain, therefore we utilize the formal hydrazine solution of several various criterions of known turbidity to simulate linear relation between the inverse of α and turbidity value usually, therefore, only need the inverse of the ratio of the magnitude of voltage two photodetector measurements obtained to substitute in above-mentioned linear relation, just can obtain the turbidity value of testing liquid.
In high concentrtion region, scattered light measures blind area because rescattering can enter, but transmitted light still has good performance in high concentrtion region, can reduce the weight of scattered light correlative value, thus makes to measure upper limit increase, thus increases its measurement range.In low turbidity region, after transmitted light enters inelastic region, scattered light still has good performance, can reduce the weight of transmitted light correlative value, thus measurement lower limit is reduced, and always increases its measurement range.
The implementation step of the utility model water turbidity measurement mechanism and measuring system is as follows:
1, open water inlet and water delivering orifice, in transparent measuring flume, be slowly charged into testing liquid.
2, control circuit is by sending instruction to first, second photodetector, makes first, second photodetector first carry out preheating before measuring, after the temperature stabilization of first, second photodetector, measures.
3, require according to testing liquid and measurement the bottom length of side L determining transparent measuring flume, the bottom of transparent measuring flume is square, the defining method of L is as follows: only open a road light path in two-beam, measured the light intensity of its scattered light by photodetector, the size of L makes the magnitude of voltage of photodetector within the scope of its optimum measurement; And measured the light intensity of transmitted light by photodetector, the size of L makes the magnitude of voltage of photodetector within the scope of its optimum measurement.
4, light source exports corresponding frequencies light beam, two-beam is created after spectroscope, wherein light beam changes light path, and inject at an angle of 90 in testing liquid with another light beam, the transmitted light received separately and scattered light carry out converging and send corresponding photodetector to by first, second lens, and the light signal received separately is converted to electric signal and sends signal processing module to by first, second photodetector.
5, the amplifying circuit in signal processing module, filtering circuit and A/D convertor circuit amplify electric signal successively, filtering, AD conversion, generate digital signal and send control circuit to and process, the magnitude of voltage after demodulation is obtained by control circuit, and obtain ratio cc by formula (1), the inverse of ratio cc is substituted in standard turbidity value and ratio variation relation curve reciprocal, obtain the size of testing liquid turbidity value, finally send display module display to.
Wherein the variation relation curve of standard turbidity value and ratio inverse can be obtained by following process: be filled with in transparent measuring flume successively by the formal hydrazine solution of several various criterion, record its corresponding magnitude of voltage respectively, ratio inverse is calculated by magnitude of voltage according to formula (1), using ratio Reciprocals sums standard turbidity value as transverse and longitudinal coordinate, draw both relation curves, and utilize least square method to carry out linear fit: y=kx+b, wherein: x represents ratio inverse, y represents standard turbidity value, k and b is linear fit parameter, obtain the value of parameter k and b, draw matched curve, the i.e. variation relation of standard turbidity value and ratio inverse, as long as will to measure and the ratio calculated inverse substitutes in above-mentioned variation relation curve and just can push away to obtain the size of turbidity.
Above embodiment is only and technological thought of the present utility model is described; protection domain of the present utility model can not be limited with this; every technological thought according to the utility model proposes, any change that technical scheme basis is done, all falls within the utility model protection domain.
Claims (7)
1. a measurement mechanism for water turbidity, is characterized in that: comprise light source, spectral module, transparent measuring flume, two photodetectors; Described light source is used for launching a monochromic beam to described spectral module; Described spectral module is used for the two-beam of the surveyed area above-mentioned monochromatic light being divided into the transparent measuring flume of incidence that light intensity does not wait, and described two-beam is mutually vertical, and intersects in surveyed area; Described two photodetectors lay respectively on the extended line of two-beam incident direction, and are positioned at the opposite side of transparent measuring flume.
2. the measurement mechanism of water turbidity as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described transparent measuring flume comprises the water inlet below surveyed area, the water delivering orifice above surveyed area, top, the bottom of the inwall surveyed area of described transparent measuring flume are respectively arranged with at least one pair of baffle, the baffle on the top of described surveyed area and transparent measuring flume inwall are 45 °-75 ° along the angle of water (flow) direction, and the baffle of the bottom of described surveyed area and transparent measuring flume inwall are 105 °-135 ° along the angle of water (flow) direction.
3. the measurement mechanism of water turbidity as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described spectral module comprises spectroscope, the first ~ the second level crossing, described spectroscope is used for described monochromatic light to be divided into two-beam, described the first ~ the second level crossing, for changing the light path of wherein light beam, makes it crossing with another light beam and transparent measuring flume described in vertical incidence.
4. the measurement mechanism of water turbidity as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: described spectroscope is raster pattern spectroscope.
5. the measurement mechanism of water turbidity as described in any one of claim 1-4, is characterized in that: the wavelength of described light source is 860nm.
6. the measurement mechanism of water turbidity as described in any one of claim 1-4, is characterized in that: described two photodetectors are phototriode.
7. the measuring system of a water turbidity, it is characterized in that: comprise the measurement mechanism of water turbidity as described in any one of claim 1-3, signal processing module, display module, described signal processing module comprises the amplifying circuit, filtering circuit, A/D convertor circuit and the control circuit that connect successively, described amplifying circuit is connected with described two photodetectors respectively, and described display module is connected with control circuit.
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| CN201420732609.3U CN204228605U (en) | 2014-11-28 | 2014-11-28 | A kind of measurement mechanism of water turbidity and measuring system |
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| CN201420732609.3U CN204228605U (en) | 2014-11-28 | 2014-11-28 | A kind of measurement mechanism of water turbidity and measuring system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104374750A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-02-25 | 南京信息工程大学 | Water turbidity measuring device, system and method |
| CN107003230A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2017-08-01 | Bd科斯特公司 | Equipment and its cuvette for the fluid sample of optical check small size |
| CN111624176A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-09-04 | 横河电机株式会社 | Turbidity measuring method and turbidity meter |
| CN117966437A (en) * | 2024-03-29 | 2024-05-03 | 苏州厨芯科技有限公司 | Turbidity detection method of washing device and washing device |
-
2014
- 2014-11-28 CN CN201420732609.3U patent/CN204228605U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107003230A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2017-08-01 | Bd科斯特公司 | Equipment and its cuvette for the fluid sample of optical check small size |
| US10935490B2 (en) | 2014-09-29 | 2021-03-02 | Bd Kiestra B.V. | Apparatus for optical inspection of small volumes of liquid sample and cuvettes therefor |
| CN104374750A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-02-25 | 南京信息工程大学 | Water turbidity measuring device, system and method |
| CN104374750B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2017-01-11 | 南京信息工程大学 | Water turbidity measuring device, system and method |
| CN111624176A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2020-09-04 | 横河电机株式会社 | Turbidity measuring method and turbidity meter |
| CN111624176B (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2023-08-08 | 横河电机株式会社 | Turbidity measuring method and turbidity meter |
| CN117966437A (en) * | 2024-03-29 | 2024-05-03 | 苏州厨芯科技有限公司 | Turbidity detection method of washing device and washing device |
| CN117966437B (en) * | 2024-03-29 | 2024-06-04 | 苏州厨芯科技有限公司 | Turbidity detection method of washing device and washing device |
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|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20150325 Effective date of abandoning: 20161019 |
|
| C25 | Abandonment of patent right or utility model to avoid double patenting |