CN108321448A - A kind of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat management system and its thermal management algorithm - Google Patents
A kind of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat management system and its thermal management algorithm Download PDFInfo
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- CN108321448A CN108321448A CN201810180104.3A CN201810180104A CN108321448A CN 108321448 A CN108321448 A CN 108321448A CN 201810180104 A CN201810180104 A CN 201810180104A CN 108321448 A CN108321448 A CN 108321448A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G2/00—Details of capacitors not covered by a single one of groups H01G4/00-H01G11/00
- H01G2/08—Cooling arrangements; Heating arrangements; Ventilating arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6552—Closed pipes transferring heat by thermal conductivity or phase transition, e.g. heat pipes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat management system and its thermal management algorithm, it is undergone phase transition when absorbing the heat of energy storage monomer by liquid refrigerant in heat pipe, gaseous working medium is transmitted to radiator or phase-change accumulation energy device to realize the exchange of heat through gas pipeline；When working medium gasification causes liquid level to reduce in heat pipe, working medium is replenished in time by level controling mechanism.The present invention be it is a kind of can the rapid, heat management system that effectively radiates to energy storage device, disclosure satisfy that rail traffic vehicles energy storage device rapid cooling, proper temperature and requirements such as consistent under different operating modes especially extreme case.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technology field of energy storage device, more particularly to a kind of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat management system
And its thermal management algorithm.
Background technology
In recent years, city environmental pollution problem getting worse, energy-saving and emission-reduction develop and use new energy as the pass of various countries instantly
The focus of note.Development of Urban public transport, especially urban track traffic promote application of the new energy in public transport, are
Solve the problems, such as the effective way of urban air pollution.Urban track traffic power battery generates heat and fast in charge and discharge process
Speed accumulation, this will necessarily cause internal temperature of battery to increase, especially when battery applications are in urban track traffic high current charge-discharge
Under operating mode or when environment temperature is higher, violent chemical reaction may occur for inside battery, if the amount of heat of generation is not
Can shed in time constantly to gather, and phenomena such as may causing battery leakage, smolder, vigorous combustion, quick-fried even occurs when serious
The safety accidents such as fried.Temperature has a significant impact the overall performance of battery, is mainly reflected in the electro-chemical systems operation of battery, fills
In discharging efficiency, Disposal degree, reliability, safety and cycle life.In general, temperature often rises 10 DEG C, chemical reaction speed
Rate just will increase one times, and the raising of temperature can accelerate the rate of inside battery harmful chemicals reaction, and then be damaged to battery,
Especially in high power charging-discharging, temperature often rises 5 DEG C, and service life of battery will decay half.For opposite electric vehicle, city
For the dynamical system of city's rail traffic to the power requirement higher of energy storage, the demand to its fast charging and discharging ability is stronger, this will lead
Energy storage device is caused to generate more heats in high current charge-discharge, it is therefore desirable to carry out special, more effective heat management to it.
In the latest 20 years, the research work of power battery heat management makes significant progress, and has primarily formed following several systems
System technology：Battery thermal management technology based on high temperature resistant or low temperature resistant battery material；Air or the power that liquid is heat transfer medium
Battery thermal management system；Power battery heat management based on technologies such as heating refrigeration principles such as heat pipe, cold plate.The wherein vehicle of mainstream
There is air-cooled, liquid cooling with energy storage heat management mode and is cooled down using phase-change material.Air-cooled heat management system flows through lithium electricity by air
Heat is taken away in the case of pond, low cost is easily realized, but occupied space is big, consistency is poor, radiating efficiency is low, is suitable for heat dissipation
Occasion of less demanding.Liquid cooling heat management is radiated with liquid instead of air, and radiating efficiency is compared with air higher, but system
Complicated, cost higher and there are security risks.The thermal management technology that phase-change material and heat pipe combine is instantly more popular storage
It can device thermal management technology.Existing literature research shows compared with other air-cooled equal heat management modes, using the heat pipe type of cooling
With good heat dissipation effect.
Sintered heat pipe is mostly used in existing power battery thermal management system, although the heat-transfer capability of heat pipe is stronger,
But the heat-sinking capability of this heat pipe is fixed, heat-sinking capability is limited, it is not possible to infinitely increase its thermic load, therefore it is many because
Element restricts the heat transfer efficiency of heat pipe.After heat pipe reaches certain limit under high intensity, high-temperature severe environment, the evaporation ends of heat pipe
Dry up and overheats, the case where cycle of working fluid will appear interruption.In addition urban rail transit vehicles power grade is high,
Battery heat production total amount is big, and existing heat management system can not load.
Invention content
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a kind of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat management system and its heat pipe
Reason method, be it is a kind of can the rapid, heat management system that effectively radiates to energy storage device, disclosure satisfy that rail traffic vehicles
Energy storage device rapid cooling, proper temperature and the requirements such as consistent under different operating modes especially extreme case.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat management system
System, includes energy storage device, babinet, heat pipe array, gas pipeline, fluid pipeline, liquid tank, the liquid being made of multiple energy storage monomers
Position control mechanism, heater, radiator, phase-change accumulation energy device, sensor, valve and control unit；The energy storage device is placed in case
In vivo, the heat pipe array is interspersed between each energy storage monomer, and the top of the heat pipe array is connected to by gas pipeline
Liquid tank is arranged radiator on the gas pipeline and/or phase-change accumulation energy device, the bottom of the heat pipe array passes through liquid line
Road is connected to liquid tank, is provided with level controling mechanism on the liquid tank, in the heat pipe array, fluid pipeline and liquid tank
It is filled with liquid refrigerant；In the bottom of box, heater is set；It is provided with sensor on the radiator and energy storage monomer；
It is provided with valve on the gas pipeline；Described control unit is connected to the control of the heater, radiator, sensor and valve
End processed.The energy storage device can be lithium battery, super capacitor or other energy storage modes.
Further, the heat pipe array includes multiple heat pipes being set up in parallel, the inside heat pipe is filled with liquid work
The upper end of matter, the heat pipe is connected with gas pipeline, and the lower end of the heat pipe is connected with fluid pipeline；The heat pipe passes through heat transfer
Medium carries out heat exchange with energy storage monomer；The heat transfer is foamed aluminium, heat conductive silica gel, insulating heat-conductive oil or heat-conducting metal
Plate.
The heat pipe array is arranged between energy storage monomer, and foamed aluminium, thermal conductive silicon are filled between heat pipe and energy storage monomer
The augmentation of heat transfer media such as glue, insulating heat-conductive oil or thermal conductive metal plate；It is the core component realized with energy storage monomer heat exchange；Heat pipe
Middle a certain amount of cooling working medium of filling, a little higher than energy storage monomer of liquid level, liquid level are controlled by level controling mechanism and keep opposite
Stablize；To realize that heat quickly and efficiently is transmitted.
Further, the main body pipeline detour is arranged in top of the box, and top of the box in radiation open loop shape with
Each heat pipe connection；Gaseous working medium in heat pipe is transmitted to radiator or phase-change accumulation energy by the main body pipeline by branch line
Device；The liquid tank is connected to radiator and phase-change accumulation energy device by connecting pipe, and the connecting pipe is through radiator or phase
The liquid refrigerant become after accumulator phase transformation sends back liquid tank through connecting pipe；The storing liquid working medium in the liquid tank is led to
Cross the liquid refrigerant in fluid pipeline real-time compensation heat pipe.
Further, the branch line includes branch line I, branch line II, branch line III and branch line
IV, the branch line I and II end of branch line are connected to main body pipeline, II end of the branch line I and branch line
Tail is connected with each other, and valve M1 is arranged on the branch line I, and valve M2, the phase transformation are arranged on the branch line II
Accumulator is arranged on branch line II；The end of the branch line III and branch line IV is connected with each other and is connected to branch
The end tail of pipeline I and branch line II, the branch line III are connected to connecting pipe through radiator, the branch line IV
End tail is connected to connecting pipe, and valve M3 is arranged on the branch line III, and valve M4 is arranged on the branch line IV；
Realize the rapid cooling to gaseous working medium.
When energy storage device local environment temperature is relatively low, phase-change accumulation energy device absorbs the heat of gaseous working medium, passes to liquid
Liquid refrigerant in pipeline, and then pass to energy storage monomer；To make the waste heat of energy storage device be fully used, energy is improved
Effect.
When in addition in winter, phase-change accumulation energy device absorbs the waste heat distributed out of energy storage device, can be not only used for heating liquid
State working medium can also heat to compartment, can reduce the energy consumption of air conditioning system of rail transit vehicle, realize that energy makes full use of.
Further, the fluid pipeline includes matrix pattern closed loop pipeline and main liquid line, the matrix pattern closed loop
Pipeline is arranged in the groove set by energy-storage box bottom, the matrix pattern closed loop pipeline and the heat pipe bottom end phase in heat pipe array
Connection；The main liquid line connection liquid tank and heat pipe are transmitted as the transmission channel of liquid refrigerant in liquid tank and heat pipe
Liquid refrigerant；The phase-change accumulation energy device is arranged on main liquid line.Realize that the Rapid Circulation of cooling liquid state working medium in heat pipe is mended
It fills.
Further, the level controling mechanism includes liquid level valve, liquid-level floater valve, liquid level gauge tube body and interlocks machine
Tool bar, in the main liquid line junction of liquid trench bottom, the liquid level gauge tube body is arranged in main liquid for the liquid level valve setting
On pipeline, the liquid-level floater valve is arranged in liquid level gauge tube body, and the liquid level valve and liquid-level floater valve are by interlocking machinery
Bar is connected.Level controling mechanism makes in the liquid level short time of all heat pipes in heat pipe array in equilbrium position a small range below
It fluctuates back and forth, ensure that the working medium in heat pipe can obtain supplementing real-time, while not consuming electric energy there is energy saving effect.
Further, the heater includes the heat insulating mattress, reflectance coating and heating film being sequentially overlapped from bottom to top, it is described
Heater is placed in the bottom of box, is controlled by control unit；Heater realizes good heat transfer with the fluid pipeline for connecting heat pipe lower end,
Energy storage monomer is transferred heat to by fluid pipeline and heat pipe, realizes that energy storage device is antifreeze and cold-starting.
Speed-changing draught fan is set at the radiator, and the speed-changing draught fan is controlled by control unit, realizes the width of radiator
Range power is adjusted, and the radiator radiates to the gaseous working medium in gas pipeline, and heat radiation power is controlled by speed-changing draught fan；To gas
State working medium is cooled down, and realizes the heat dissipation of energy storage device.The wind of radiator heat is taken away, can be surrounding air, can also be
Waste heat air in compartment.
The sensor includes temperature sensor I and temperature sensor II, and the temperature sensor I is placed in each energy storage monomer
Lug or surface location, the temperature sensor II is placed on the gas pipeline of the outlet port of radiator；The sensor
Energy storage device temperature and radiator outlet Temperature of Working are acquired, and gathered data is transferred to control unit.It can be passed according to temperature
The collected temperature value of sensor is realized heater, radiator, speed-changing draught fan and valve and is controlled.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of thermal management algorithm of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat management system,
Including step：
When energy storage monomer at work, the heat of generation passes to heat pipe through heat transfer, and liquid refrigerant occurs in heat pipe
Mutually become gaseous working medium, thus by heat storage in gaseous working medium；
The gaseous working medium flows to radiator or phase-change accumulation energy device under gas pressure through gas pipeline, by radiator or phase
Become accumulator and gaseous working medium is mutually become into liquid refrigerant, to transfer heat away from or store；
The liquid refrigerant after phase transformation returns to liquid tank by connecting pipe again；
Liquid working substance in heat pipe is balanced, liquid refrigerant is reduced because of phase transformation in heat pipe, and liquid level will fall below balance position
It sets, level controling mechanism will automatically turn on liquid tank and supplement liquid refrigerant to heat pipe, until heat pipe liquid level is restored to equilbrium position；
Meanwhile state of temperature is detected by sensor in real time, to control heater, radiator and valve by control unit
Working condition.
Further, the control process of described control unit includes step：
Detect energy storage device temperature T1 and radiator outlet Temperature of Working T2 in real time by sensor；
Preset temperature reference value, the corresponding power P of different wind speed in a control unitkWith speed-changing draught fan initial gain value
P0, the temperature reference value include cold start-up lower limit temperature Tset0, energy storage device best effort lower limit temperature Tset1, energy storage device
Best effort ceiling temperature Tset3With cooling working medium gas-liquid phase transition temperature Tset2；The corresponding power P of the difference wind speedkFor temperature
Speed-changing draught fan power under difference ▽ T1；The speed-changing draught fan initial gain value P0 is in most by guarantee energy storage device temperature T1
Good operating temperature range, and radiator outlet Temperature of Working T2 is less than or equal to Tset2Minimum speed-changing draught fan power needed for-▽ T1 is true
It is fixed；
When energy storage device temperature T1 is less than Tset0When, control unit sends out instruction and closes valve M1, valve M3 and speed change wind
Machine, and valve M2 and valve M4 are opened, so that phase-change accumulation energy device is worked, while starting heater and being heated, what heater generated
Heat transfer gives energy storage monomer, and T1 values is made to increase；
When energy storage device temperature T1 is more than Tset0And it is less than Tset1When, control unit sends out instruction and closes heater, valve
M1, valve M3 and speed-changing draught fan, open simultaneously valve M2 and valve M4, so that phase-change accumulation energy device is worked independently and add to liquid working substance
Heat makes T1 values increase；
When energy storage device temperature T1 is more than Tset1And it is less than Tset2When, control unit sends out instruction and closes heater, speed change wind
Machine, valve M2 and valve M3, open valve M1 and valve M4, at this time gas pipeline lead directly to liquid tank and without radiator
With phase-change accumulation energy device；
When energy storage device temperature T1 is more than Tset2When, valve M1 and valve M3 is opened, closes valve M2 and valve M4, at this time
Gas pipeline only passes through radiator；If T1 is less than T at this timeset3, the detection radiator outlet Temperature of Working T2 of temperature sensor II, when
T2 is more than Tset2When-▽ T2, opens speed-changing draught fan and speed-changing draught fan power is adjusted to initial power P0 so that radiator working medium goes out
Mouth temperature is less than gaseous working medium phase transition temperature；
When energy storage device T1 temperature is more than Tset3When, control system real-time control speed-changing draught fan makes radiator outlet working medium
Temperature drops to Tset2Below；
When receiving end signal, control unit restores initial setting up and power cut-off, otherwise by loop control flow.
Entire control process purpose is so that energy storage device always works in optimum temperature Tset1~Tset3, and ensure from
The working medium that radiator comes out then influent slot is liquid.
Phase-change material is housed in the phase-change accumulation energy device, which is liquid when being solid-state, high temperature in low temperature,
Solid-liquid phase change temperature is in Tset0With Tset1Between.When energy storage device local environment temperature is relatively low, phase-change material absorbs gaseous working medium
Heat, pass to the liquid refrigerant in fluid pipeline, and then pass to energy storage monomer；To make the waste heat of energy storage device obtain
It makes full use of, improves efficiency phase-change accumulation energy device when environment temperature is relatively low, absorb the heat of gaseous working medium, pass to liquid work
Matter, and then pass to energy storage monomer.
Further, the control method of the level controling mechanism includes step：
When the liquid-level floater valve in liquid level gauge tube body detects that liquid level declines from equilbrium position, liquid-level floater valve, which drives, to be connected
Dynamic mechanical shaft is gradually opened liquid tank bottoms level valve, releases the liquid of reduction in liquid refrigerant supplement liquid level gauge tube body and heat pipe
State working medium；
Liquid level gauge tube body and heat pipe obtain liquid refrigerant supplement liquid level rise to equilbrium position during, liquid-level floater valve
Gearing mechanical shaft is driven to progressively close off liquid tank bottoms level valve.
Level controling mechanism makes in the liquid level short time of all heat pipes in heat pipe array in equilbrium position small range below
It inside fluctuates back and forth, ensure that the working medium in heat pipe can obtain supplementing real-time, while not consuming electric energy there is energy saving effect
It answers.
The present invention is undergone phase transition when absorbing the heat of energy storage monomer by liquid refrigerant in heat pipe, and gaseous working medium is through gas
Pipeline is transmitted to radiator or phase-change accumulation energy device to realize the exchange of heat；When working medium gasification causes liquid level to reduce in heat pipe
When, working medium is replenished in time by level controling mechanism.
Using the advantageous effect of the technical program：
The own characteristics such as that 1. the present invention is based on new energy rail vehicular traffic power grades is high, battery discharge multiplying power is big, profit
With the heat pipe heat radiation mode of the adjustable working medium of communication type proposed by the present invention, conventional heat pipe part can be effectively prevented because of working medium amount
The phenomenon that dryouting less can guarantee high efficiency and heat radiation of the heat pipe to energy storage device, in so that energy storage device is worked in optimum temperature range；
It disclosure satisfy that rail traffic vehicles energy storage device rapid cooling, proper temperature and consistent under different operating modes especially extreme case
Deng requirement；
2. the present invention utilizes phase-change accumulation energy device to be used to heat in liquid working substance heating or compartment by battery waste heat, improve
The utilization rate of the energy, reduces energy waste；
3. heat pipe array and each energy storage monomer have heat exchange in the present invention, it is equivalent to each energy storage monomer and is impregnated in heat
In pipework condensation environment, the high efficiency and heat radiation and temperature consistency of energy storage device ensure that；It especially can be right under winter extremely cold weather
Energy storage device operating temperature is efficiently adjusted；
4. the present invention introduces the low-temperature receiver that new energy tramcar air-conditioning cold wind is used as radiator by speed-changing draught fan, can be effective
The temperature for reducing energy storage device, can effectively improve the utilization rate and the feature of environmental protection of energy, especially when summer being in worst hot case pair
The high efficiency and heat radiation of energy storage device.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat management system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the partial structural diagram of heat pipe array in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of gas pipeline in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of middle case internal component of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of gas pipeline and fluid pipeline in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of level controling mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the connection diagram of control unit in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is a kind of flow of the thermal management algorithm of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat management system in the embodiment of the present invention
Schematic diagram；
Wherein, 1 is energy storage monomer, and 2 be babinet, and 3 be heat pipe array, and 4 be gas pipeline, and 5 be fluid pipeline, and 6 be liquid
Slot, 7 be level controling mechanism, and 8 be heater, and 9 be radiator, and 10 be phase-change accumulation energy device；31 be heat transfer, and 32 be heat pipe；
41 be main body pipeline, and 42 be branch line, and 43 be connecting pipe；421 be branch line I, and 422 be branch line II, and 423 be point
Bye-pass III, 424 be branch line IV, and 425 be valve M1, and 426 be valve M2, and 427 be valve M3, and 428 be valve M4；51 are
Matrix pattern closed loop pipeline, 52 be main liquid line；71 be liquid level valve, and 72 be liquid-level floater valve, and 73 be liquid level gauge tube body, and 74 are
Interlock mechanical shaft；81 be heat insulating mattress, and 82 be reflectance coating, and 83 be heating film；91 be speed-changing draught fan, and 11 be temperature sensor I, and 12 are
Temperature sensor II.
Specific implementation mode
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is made into one below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
Step illustrates.
In the present embodiment, referring to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 7, the present invention proposes a kind of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat pipe
Reason system, include the energy storage device being made of multiple energy storage monomers 1, babinet 2, heat pipe array 3, gas pipeline 4, fluid pipeline 5,
Liquid tank 6, level controling mechanism 7, heater 8, radiator 9, phase-change accumulation energy device 10, sensor, valve and control unit；It is described
Energy storage device is placed in babinet 2, and the heat pipe array 3 is interspersed between each energy storage monomer 1, the top of the heat pipe array 3
It is connected to liquid tank 6 by gas pipeline 4, radiator 9 and/or phase-change accumulation energy device 10 are set on the gas pipeline 4, it is described
The bottom of heat pipe array 3 is connected to liquid tank 6 by fluid pipeline 5, and level controling mechanism 7, institute are provided on the liquid tank 6
It states in heat pipe array 3, fluid pipeline 5 and liquid tank 6 and is filled with liquid refrigerant；In 2 bottom of the babinet, heater 8 is set；Institute
It states and is provided with sensor on radiator 9 and energy storage monomer 1；It is provided with valve on the gas pipeline 4；Described control unit connects
It is connected to the control terminal of the heater 8, radiator 9, sensor and valve.
The liquid refrigerant, it is liquid to select economy, comprehensive thermophysical property well, under good thermal stability, room temperature
Coolant liquid, and normal atmosphere pressure gas-liquid phase transition temperature be respectively Tset2, -50 DEG C~Tset2For liquid, wherein liquid working substance amount
It needs to be determined according to follow-up a large amount of emulation and experimental result.
Wherein, it as shown in Fig. 2, the heat pipe array 3 includes multiple heat pipes 32 being set up in parallel, is filled out inside the heat pipe 32
There are liquid refrigerant, the upper end of the heat pipe 32 to be connected with gas pipeline 4, the lower end of the heat pipe 32 is connected with fluid pipeline 5；Institute
It states heat pipe 32 and heat exchange is carried out by heat transfer 31 and energy storage monomer 1；The heat transfer 31 be foamed aluminium, heat conductive silica gel,
Insulating heat-conductive oil or thermal conductive metal plate.
The heat pipe array 3 is arranged between energy storage monomer 1, and be filled between heat pipe 32 and energy storage monomer 1 foamed aluminium,
The augmentation of heat transfer media 31 such as heat conductive silica gel, insulating heat-conductive oil or thermal conductive metal plate；It is the core realized with 1 heat exchange of energy storage monomer
Component；A certain amount of cooling working medium, a little higher than energy storage monomer 1 of liquid level are filled in heat pipe 32, liquid level is controlled by level controling mechanism 7
It makes and keeps relative stability；Realize that heat quickly and efficiently is transmitted.
Wherein, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4,41 detour of the main body pipeline setting is at 2 top of babinet, and is at the top of babinet 2
Radiation open loop shape is connect with each heat pipe 32；The main body pipeline 41 is transmitted the gaseous working medium in heat pipe 32 by branch line 42
To radiator 9 or phase-change accumulation energy device 10；The liquid tank 6 is connected to radiator 9 and phase-change accumulation energy device 10 by connecting pipe 43,
Liquid refrigerant after 10 phase transformation of radiator 9 or phase-change accumulation energy device is sent back liquid by the connecting pipe 43 through connecting pipe 43
Slot 6；The storing liquid working medium in the liquid tank 6 passes through the liquid refrigerant in 5 real-time compensation heat pipe 32 of fluid pipeline.
Wherein, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 7, the branch line 42 includes branch line I 421, branch line II 422, branch
Pipeline III 423 and branch line IV 424, the branch line I 421 and II 422 end of branch line are connected to main body pipeline
41, the branch line I 421 and II 422 end tail of branch line are connected with each other, and valve is arranged on the branch line I 421
M1425, is arranged valve M2426 on the branch line II 422, and the phase-change accumulation energy device 10 is arranged in branch line II 422
On；The end of the branch line III 423 and branch line IV 424 is connected with each other and is connected to branch line I 421 and branched pipe
The end tail on road II 422, the branch line III 423 are connected to connecting pipe 43 through radiator 9, the branch line IV 424
End tail is connected to connecting pipe 43, valve M3427 is arranged on the branch line III 423, on the branch line IV 424
Valve M4428 is set；Realize the rapid cooling to gaseous working medium.When energy storage device local environment temperature is relatively low, phase-change accumulation energy
Device 10 absorbs the heat of gaseous working medium, passes to the liquid refrigerant in fluid pipeline 5, and then pass to energy storage monomer 1；To make
The waste heat of energy storage device is fully used, and efficiency is improved.
When in addition in winter, phase-change accumulation energy device 10 absorbs the waste heat distributed out of energy storage device, can be not only used for heating
Liquid refrigerant can also heat to compartment, can reduce the energy consumption of air conditioning system of rail transit vehicle, realize that energy makes full use of.
Wherein, as shown in figure 5, the fluid pipeline 5 includes matrix pattern closed loop pipeline 51 and main liquid line 52, the field
Font closed loop pipeline 51 is arranged in the groove set by energy-storage box bottom, the matrix pattern closed loop pipeline 51 and heat pipe array 3
In 32 bottom end of heat pipe be connected；The main liquid line 52 is connected to liquid tank 6 and heat pipe 32, and the transmission as liquid refrigerant is logical
Road transmits liquid refrigerant in liquid tank 6 and heat pipe 32；The phase-change accumulation energy device 10 is arranged on main liquid line 52.Realize heat
The Rapid Circulation supplement of cooling liquid state working medium in pipe 32.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 6, the level controling mechanism 7 includes liquid level valve 71, liquid-level floater valve 72, liquid level gauge pipe
Body 73 and gearing mechanical shaft 74, the liquid level valve 71 are arranged in main 52 junction of liquid line in 6 bottom of liquid tank, the liquid level
It counts tube body 73 to be arranged on main liquid line 52, the liquid-level floater valve 72 is arranged in liquid level gauge tube body 73, the liquid level valve
Door 71 is connected with liquid-level floater valve 72 by interlocking mechanical shaft 74.Level controling mechanism 7 makes all heat pipes 32 in heat pipe array 3
It is fluctuated back and forth in equilbrium position a small range below in the liquid level short time, ensure that the working medium in heat pipe 32 can obtain in real time
It rapidly supplements, while not consuming electric energy there is energy saving effect.
As the prioritization scheme of above-described embodiment, the heater 8 includes the heat insulating mattress 81 being sequentially overlapped from bottom to top, anti-
Film 82 and heating film 83 are penetrated, the heater 8 is placed in 2 bottom of babinet, is controlled by control unit；Heater should with connect heat pipe 32
The fluid pipeline 5 of lower end realizes good heat transfer, transfers heat to energy storage monomer 1 by fluid pipeline 5 and heat pipe 32, realizes storage
It can device be antifreeze and cold-starting.
Speed-changing draught fan 91 is set at the radiator 9, and the speed-changing draught fan 91 is controlled by control unit, realizes radiator
9 wide range of power is adjusted, and the radiator 9 gives the gaseous working medium heat dissipation in gas pipeline 4, and heat radiation power is by speed-changing draught fan 91
Control；Gaseous working medium is cooled down, realizes the heat dissipation of energy storage device.
The sensor includes temperature sensor I 11 and temperature sensor II 12, and the temperature sensor I 11 is placed in each storage
The lug or surface location of energy monomer 1, the temperature sensor II 12 are placed on the gas pipeline 4 of the outlet port of radiator 9；
The sensor acquisition energy storage device temperature and radiator 9 export Temperature of Working, and gathered data is transferred to control unit.It can
Heater 8, radiator 9, speed-changing draught fan 91 and valve are realized according to temperature sensor collected temperature value and controlled.
To coordinate the realization of the method for the present invention, it is based on identical inventive concept, the present invention also provides a kind of efficient rails
The thermal management algorithm of road traffic energy storage heat management system, including step：
When energy storage monomer 1 at work, the heat of generation passes to heat pipe 32 through heat transfer 31, liquid work in heat pipe 32
Matter undergoes phase transition into gaseous working medium, thus by heat storage in gaseous working medium；
The gaseous working medium flows to radiator 9 or phase-change accumulation energy device 10 under gas pressure through gas pipeline 4, by radiator
9 or phase-change accumulation energy device 10 gaseous working medium is mutually become into liquid refrigerant, to transfer heat away from or store；
The liquid refrigerant after phase transformation returns to liquid tank 6 by connecting pipe 43 again；
Liquid working substance in heat pipe 32 is balanced, liquid refrigerant is reduced because of phase transformation in heat pipe 32, and liquid level will fall below flat
Weighing apparatus position, level controling mechanism 7 will automatically turn on liquid tank 6 and supplement liquid refrigerant to heat pipe 32, until 32 liquid level of heat pipe is restored
To equilbrium position；
Meanwhile state of temperature is detected by sensor in real time, to control heater 8, radiator 9 and valve by control unit
The working condition of door.
As the prioritization scheme of above-described embodiment, as shown in figure 8, the control process of described control unit includes step：
It detects energy storage device temperature T1 in real time by sensor and radiator 9 exports Temperature of Working T2；
Preset temperature reference value, the corresponding power P of different wind speed in a control unitkWith speed-changing draught fan initial gain value
P0, the temperature reference value include cold start-up lower limit temperature Tset0, energy storage device best effort lower limit temperature Tset1, energy storage device
Best effort ceiling temperature Tset3With cooling working medium gas-liquid phase transition temperature Tset2；The corresponding power P of the difference wind speedkFor temperature
Speed-changing draught fan power under difference ▽ T1；The speed-changing draught fan initial gain value P0 is in most by guarantee energy storage device temperature T1
Good operating temperature range, and radiator 9 exports Temperature of Working T2 and is less than or equal to Tset2Minimum speed-changing draught fan power needed for-▽ T1 is true
It is fixed；
When energy storage device temperature T1 is less than Tset0When, control unit send out instruction close valve M1425, valve M3427 and
Speed-changing draught fan 91, and valve M2426 and valve M4428 are opened, so that phase-change accumulation energy device 10 is worked, while starting the progress of heater 8
Heating, the heat transfer that heater 8 generates make T1 values increase to energy storage monomer 1；
When energy storage device temperature T1 is more than Tset0And it is less than Tset1When, control unit sends out instruction and closes heater 8, valve
M1425, valve M3427 and speed-changing draught fan 91, open simultaneously valve M2426 and valve M4428, make 10 independent work of phase-change accumulation energy device
Make to heat to liquid working substance, T1 values is made to increase；
When energy storage device temperature T1 is more than Tset1And it is less than Tset2When, control unit sends out instruction and closes heater 8, speed change
Wind turbine 91, valve M2426 and valve M3427 open valve M1425 and valve M4428, and gas pipeline 4 leads directly to liquid at this time
Body slot 6 and without radiator 9 and phase-change accumulation energy device 10；
When energy storage device temperature T1 is more than Tset2When, valve M1425 and valve M3427 is opened, valve M2426 and valve are closed
Door M4428, gas pipeline 4 is by radiator 9 at this time；If T1 is less than T at this timeset3, the detection radiator 9 of temperature sensor II 12
Temperature of Working T2 is exported, when T2 is more than Tset2When-▽ T2, opens speed-changing draught fan 91 and speed-changing draught fan power is adjusted to initial power
P0 so that 9 sender property outlet temperature of radiator is less than gaseous working medium phase transition temperature；
When energy storage device T1 temperature is more than Tset3When, control system real-time control speed-changing draught fan 91 makes radiator 9 export work
Matter temperature drops to Tset2Below；
When receiving end signal, control unit restores initial setting up and power cut-off, otherwise by loop control flow.
Entire control process purpose is so that energy storage device always works in optimum temperature Tset1~Tset3, and ensure from
The working medium that radiator 9 comes out then influent slot 6 is liquid.
Phase-change material is housed, which is liquid when being solid-state, high temperature in low temperature in the phase-change accumulation energy device 10
State, solid-liquid phase change temperature is in Tset0With Tset1Between.When energy storage device local environment temperature is relatively low, phase-change material absorbs gaseous state
The heat of working medium passes to the liquid refrigerant in fluid pipeline 5, and then passes to energy storage monomer 1；To make the useless of energy storage device
Heat is fully used, and is improved efficiency phase-change accumulation energy device 10 when environment temperature is relatively low, is absorbed the heat of gaseous working medium, pass to
Liquid refrigerant, and then pass to energy storage monomer 1.
As the prioritization scheme of above-described embodiment, the control method of the level controling mechanism 7 includes step：
When the liquid-level floater valve 72 in liquid level gauge tube body 73 detects that liquid level declines from equilbrium position, liquid-level floater valve 72
It drives gearing mechanical shaft 74 to be gradually opened 6 bottoms level valve 71 of liquid tank, releases 73 He of liquid refrigerant supplement liquid level gauge tube body
The liquid refrigerant of reduction in heat pipe 32；
During liquid level gauge tube body 73 and heat pipe 32 obtain liquid refrigerant supplement liquid level and rise to equilbrium position, liquid level is floating
Ball valve 72 drives gearing mechanical shaft 74 to progressively close off 6 bottoms level valve 71 of liquid tank.
Level controling mechanism 7 makes below small in equilbrium position in the liquid level short time of all heat pipes 32 in heat pipe array 3
It is fluctuated back and forth in range, ensure that the working medium in heat pipe 32 can obtain supplementing real-time, while not consuming electric energy to have
Energy saving effect.
The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat management system, which is characterized in that include being made of multiple energy storage monomers (1)
Energy storage device, babinet (2), heat pipe array (3), gas pipeline (4), fluid pipeline (5), liquid tank (6), level controling mechanism
(7), heater (8), radiator (9), phase-change accumulation energy device (10), sensor, valve and control unit；The energy storage device is placed in
In babinet (2), the heat pipe array (3) is interspersed between each energy storage monomer (1), passes through at the top of the heat pipe array (3)
Gas pipeline (4) is connected to liquid tank (6), and radiator (9) and/or phase-change accumulation energy device are arranged on the gas pipeline (4)
(10), the bottom of the heat pipe array (3) is connected to liquid tank (6) by fluid pipeline (5), is arranged on the liquid tank (6)
There is level controling mechanism (7), liquid refrigerant is filled in the heat pipe array (3), fluid pipeline (5) and liquid tank (6)；Described
Heater (8) is arranged in babinet (2) bottom；It is provided with sensor on the radiator (9) and energy storage monomer (1)；In the gas
Body pipeline is provided with valve on (4)；Described control unit is connected to the heater (8), radiator (9), sensor and valve
Control terminal.
2. a kind of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat management system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat pipe
Array (3) includes multiple heat pipes (32) being set up in parallel, and liquid refrigerant is filled with inside the heat pipe (32), the heat pipe (32)
Upper end is connected with gas pipeline (4), and the lower end of the heat pipe (32) is connected with fluid pipeline (5)；The heat pipe (32) passes through biography
Thermal medium (31) carries out heat exchange with energy storage monomer (1)；The heat transfer (31) is foamed aluminium, heat conductive silica gel, insulating heat-conductive
Oil or thermal conductive metal plate.
3. a kind of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat management system according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the gas
Pipeline (4) includes main body pipeline (41), branch line (42) and connecting pipe (43)；Main body pipeline (41) the detour setting exists
At the top of babinet (2), and it is connect with each heat pipe (32) in radiation open loop shape at the top of babinet (2)；The main body pipeline (41) passes through
Gaseous working medium in heat pipe (32) is transmitted to radiator (9) or phase-change accumulation energy device (10) by branch line (42)；The liquid tank
(6) it is connected to by connecting pipe (43) with radiator (9) and phase-change accumulation energy device (10), the connecting pipe (43) is through radiator
(9) or the liquid refrigerant after phase-change accumulation energy device (10) phase transformation sends back liquid tank (6) through connecting pipe (43)；In the liquid tank
(6) interior storing liquid working medium passes through the liquid refrigerant in fluid pipeline (5) real-time compensation heat pipe (32).
4. a kind of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat management system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the branch
Pipeline (42) includes branch line I (421), branch line II (422), branch line III (423) and branch line IV (424),
The branch line I (421) and branch line II (422) end are connected to main body pipeline (41), the branch line I
(421) it is connected with each other with branch line II (422) end tail, valve M1 (425) is set on the branch line I (421), in institute
It states and valve M2 (426) is set on branch line II (422), the phase-change accumulation energy device (10) is arranged on branch line II (422)；
The end of the branch line III (423) and branch line IV (424) is connected with each other and is connected to branch line I (421) and divides
The end tail of bye-pass II (422), the branch line III (423) are connected to connecting pipe (43), the branch through radiator (9)
The end tail of pipeline IV (424) is connected to connecting pipe (43), and valve M3 (427) is arranged on the branch line III (423),
Valve M4 (428) is set on the branch line IV (424).
5. according to any a kind of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat management system in claim 2-4, which is characterized in that
The fluid pipeline (5) includes matrix pattern closed loop pipeline (51) and main liquid line (52), the matrix pattern closed loop pipeline (51)
It is arranged in the groove set by energy-storage box bottom, the matrix pattern closed loop pipeline (51) and the heat pipe in heat pipe array (3)
(32) bottom end is connected；Main liquid line (52) the connection liquid tank (6) and heat pipe (32)；The phase-change accumulation energy device (10) sets
It sets on main liquid line (52).
6. a kind of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat management system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the liquid level
Control mechanism (7) includes liquid level valve (71), liquid-level floater valve (72), liquid level gauge tube body (73) and interlocks mechanical shaft (74), institute
It states liquid level valve (71) to be arranged in main liquid line (52) junction of liquid tank (6) bottom, the liquid level gauge tube body (73) sets
It sets on main liquid line (52), liquid-level floater valve (72) setting is in liquid level gauge tube body (73), the liquid level valve
(71) it is connected by interlocking mechanical shaft (74) with liquid-level floater valve (72).
7. a kind of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat management system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the heating
Device (8) includes the heat insulating mattress (81), reflectance coating (82) and heating film (83) being sequentially overlapped from bottom to top, and the heater (8) is set
In babinet (2) bottom, controlled by control unit；Speed-changing draught fan (91), the speed-changing draught fan are set at the radiator (9)
(91) it is controlled by control unit, realizes that the wide range of power of radiator (9) is adjusted, the radiator (9) is given in gas pipeline (4)
Gaseous working medium heat dissipation, heat radiation power by speed-changing draught fan (91) control；The sensor includes temperature sensor I (11) and temperature
Sensor II (12), the temperature sensor I (11) are placed in the lug or surface location of each energy storage monomer (1), and the temperature passes
Sensor II (12) is placed on the gas pipeline (4) of the outlet port of radiator (9), sensor acquisition energy storage device temperature and
Radiator (9) exports Temperature of Working, and gathered data is transferred to control unit.
8. a kind of thermal management algorithm of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat management system, which is characterized in that including step：
When energy storage monomer (1) at work, the heat of generation passes to heat pipe (32), heat pipe (32) interior liquid through heat transfer (31)
State working medium undergoes phase transition into gaseous working medium, thus by heat storage in gaseous working medium；
The gaseous working medium flows to radiator (9) or phase-change accumulation energy device (10) under gas pressure through gas pipeline (4), by radiating
Gaseous working medium is mutually become liquid refrigerant by device (9) or phase-change accumulation energy device (10), to transfer heat away from or store；
The liquid refrigerant after phase transformation returns to liquid tank (6) by connecting pipe (43) again；
Balance heat pipe (32) interior liquid working substance：Heat pipe (32) interior liquid refrigerant is reduced because of phase transformation, and liquid level falls below balance
Position, level controling mechanism (7) automatically opens liquid tank (6) and supplements liquid refrigerant to heat pipe (32), until heat pipe (32) liquid level
It is restored to equilbrium position；
Meanwhile state of temperature is detected by sensor in real time, to control heater (8), radiator (9) and valve by control unit
The working condition of door.
9. a kind of thermal management algorithm of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat management system according to claim 8, feature
It is, the control process of described control unit includes step：
Detect energy storage device temperature T1 and radiator (9) outlet Temperature of Working T2 in real time by sensor；
Preset temperature reference value, the corresponding power P of different wind speed in a control unitkIt is described with speed-changing draught fan initial gain value P0
Temperature reference value includes cold start-up lower limit temperature Tset0, energy storage device best effort lower limit temperature Tset1, energy storage device best effort
Ceiling temperature Tset3With cooling working medium gas-liquid phase transition temperature Tset2；The corresponding power P of the difference wind speedkFor temperature gap ▽ T1
Under speed-changing draught fan power；The speed-changing draught fan initial gain value P0 is in best effort temperature by guarantee energy storage device temperature T1
Range is spent, and radiator (9) outlet Temperature of Working T2 is less than or equal to Tset2Minimum speed-changing draught fan power needed for-▽ T1 determines；
When energy storage device temperature T1 is less than Tset0When, control unit sends out instruction and closes valve M1 (425), valve M3 (427) and become
Fast wind turbine (91), and valve M2 (426) and valve M4 (428) are opened, so that phase-change accumulation energy device (10) is worked, while starting heater
(8) it is heated, the heat transfer that heater (8) generates gives energy storage monomer (1), and T1 values is made to increase；
When energy storage device temperature T1 is more than Tset0And it is less than Tset1When, control unit sends out instruction and closes heater (8), valve M1
(425), valve M3 (427) and speed-changing draught fan (91), open simultaneously valve M2 (426) and valve M4 (428), make phase-change accumulation energy device
(10) it works independently and is heated to liquid working substance, T1 values is made to increase；
When energy storage device temperature T1 is more than Tset1And it is less than Tset2When, control unit sends out instruction and closes heater (8), speed change wind
Machine (91), valve M2 (426) and valve M3 (427) open valve M1 (425) and valve M4 (428), at this time gas pipeline (4)
Lead directly to liquid tank (6) and without radiator (9) and phase-change accumulation energy device (10)；
When energy storage device temperature T1 is more than Tset2When, open valve M1 (425) and valve M3 (427), closing valve M2 (426) and
Valve M4 (428), gas pipeline (4) is only by radiator (9) at this time；If T1 is less than T at this timeset3, temperature sensor II (12)
It detects radiator (9) and exports Temperature of Working T2, when T2 is more than Tset2When-▽ T2, speed-changing draught fan (91) is opened and by speed-changing draught fan
Power is adjusted to initial power P0 so that radiator (9) sender property outlet temperature is less than gaseous working medium phase transition temperature；
When energy storage device T1 temperature is more than Tset3When, control system real-time control speed-changing draught fan (91) makes radiator (9) export work
Matter temperature drops to Tset2Below.
10. a kind of thermal management algorithm of efficient rail traffic energy storage heat management system according to claim 8, feature
It is, the control method of the level controling mechanism (7) includes step：
When the liquid-level floater valve (72) in liquid level gauge tube body (73) detects that liquid level declines from equilbrium position, liquid-level floater valve
(72) it drives gearing mechanical shaft (74) to be gradually opened liquid tank (6) bottoms level valve (71), releases liquid refrigerant and supplement liquid level
Count the liquid refrigerant of tube body (73) and heat pipe (32) interior reduction；
During liquid level gauge tube body (73) and heat pipe (32) obtain liquid refrigerant supplement liquid level and rise to equilbrium position, liquid level is floating
Ball valve (72) drives gearing mechanical shaft (74) to progressively close off liquid tank (6) bottoms level valve (71).
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