CN108318871A - A kind of cold empty scaled correction method of satellite-borne microwave radiometer - Google Patents
A kind of cold empty scaled correction method of satellite-borne microwave radiometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN108318871A CN108318871A CN201810296883.3A CN201810296883A CN108318871A CN 108318871 A CN108318871 A CN 108318871A CN 201810296883 A CN201810296883 A CN 201810296883A CN 108318871 A CN108318871 A CN 108318871A
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Abstract
A kind of scaled correction method, the cold empty scaled correction method of especially a kind of satellite-borne microwave radiometer, the cold empty observation count value only with receiver temperature change is fitted by using the cold empty observation data in sea area, the cold empty observation count value of each scan period that reality is influenced by the contribution of earth side lobe radiation is calibrated, obtain the cold empty bright temperature correction value of calibration, then the cold empty bright temperature correction value of calibration is utilized, original cold empty observation count value, original heat source is observed count value and the bright temperature of heat source and is calibrated scene observation count value, have modified by the bright temperature error band of cold sky Lai calibration error, improve calibration precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cold empty scaled correction methods of satellite-borne microwave radiometer, belong to microwave remote sensing field.
Background technology
At present in microwave radiometer Ground Data Processing System scaling module the cold bright temperature generally use standard of sky 2.73K
Radiation brightness.But since cold empty observation is realized by being directed toward the antenna of the cold empty background in universe, the earth with higher radiation brightness
Radiation enters cold sky from cold sky observation antenna radiation pattern secondary lobe direction and observes visual field, and the practical bright temperature of reception of radiometer is caused to be higher than
The bright temperature of cold empty Nominal irradiation of 2.73K.If directly being calibrated using the cold empty radiation brightness of 2.73K, target will be directly brought
The calibration error of bright temperature, and then lead to the inversion error of ocean environment parameter, reduce the precision of data processed result.It is correcting
In each scan period when the bright temperature of cold empty calibration, it is necessary first to project some antennas directional diagram secondary lobe to the earth, then will throw
Pattern data and corresponding terrestrial radiation bright temperature weighted sum of the shadow to earth each point, to which earth area radiation be calculated
Bright temperature contribution.But this method is intended to complete primary cold empty observation antenna side lobe to the throwing to ground in each scan period
Shadow, operand are larger, it is difficult to meet the needs of efficient data processing.
Invention content
Present invention solves the technical problem that being：It is cold a kind of satellite-borne microwave radiometer has been overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide
Empty scaled correction method, by fitting the cold empty observation count value only with receiver temperature change, to reality by the earth by
The cold empty observation count value of each scan period that valve radiation contributions influence is calibrated, and obtains the cold empty bright temperature correction value of calibration, so
Scene observation count value is calibrated using the bright temperature correction value of cold sky and original heat source observation count value afterwards, is had modified by cold sky
The calibration error that bright temperature error band comes, improves calibration precision.
Steps are as follows for the technical solution of the method for the present invention：
S1 is observed target using microwave radiometer, obtains original cold empty observation count value, original heat source sight gauge
The bright mild original scene of numerical value, heat source observes count value, and substar position is calculated separately out by the original cold empty observation count value
The cold empty observation averaged count in Yu Haiyang region and land area；Count value and primary field are observed in conjunction with the original heat source
Landscape surveys the bright temperature average value of scene that count value calculates separately out sea area and land area, by the sea area and land
The bright temperature average value of scene in region, substar are located at the cold empty observation averaged count and microwave of sea area and land area
Radiometer system average gain calculates earth scale factor, and the earth scale factor is to determine when microwave radiometer carries out cold sky
When mark observation, earth region proportion coefficient in entire cold empty antenna radiation pattern；
S2, the original cold empty observation count value that sea area is located to substar are intended with substar latitude variation relation
It closes, cold empty observation count value in each scan period is calculated in conjunction with each scan period substar latitude of microwave radiometer；
S3 goes out sea area according to the mean value calculation of the bright temperature analogue value of the earth scale factor and global ocean region
The cold bright temperature correction value of sky；
S4, according to cold empty observation count value, the bright temperature correction value of the cold sky in sea area, original heat in each scan period
Source is observed count value and the bright temperature of heat source and is calibrated original cold empty observation count value, and the cold empty bright temperature correction value of calibration is obtained；
S5, according to it is described it is cold it is empty calibrate bright temperature correction value, original cold empty observation count value, original heat source observe count value and
The bright temperature of heat source calibrates original scene observation count value, obtains the bright temperature correction value of scene.
The f of earth scale factor described in S1CsEComputational methods be
Wherein,For microwave radiation meter systems average gain, and Averaged count is observed for heat source,Averaged count is observed for cold sky,It is averaged bright temperature for heat source, TC0It is described cold empty nominal for the bright temperature of cold empty Nominal irradiation
Radiation brightness TC0For 2.73K；It is located at cold empty observation averaged count when land area for substar,For land area
The bright temperature average value of domain scene,Cold sky observes averaged count when being located at sea area for substar,For sea area
The bright temperature average value of scape.
Further, the relational expression of scene the observation count value and the bright temperature of scene is：
Wherein, CSCount value is observed for scene, CHCount value, C are observed for original heat sourceCFor original cold empty observation count value, THFor the bright temperature of heat source, u is ground
The channel non-linearities coefficient that laboratory measures.
Further, the bright temperature correction value T of the cold sky in sea area in the S3C0corComputational methods be
Wherein,For the average value of the bright temperature analogue value in global ocean region.
Further, the cold empty bright temperature correction value T of calibration in the S4CcorComputational methods be
Wherein, CC,SatFor cold sky in each scan period
Observe count value.
The method of the present invention compared with prior art the advantages of be：
(1) tradition it is cold it is empty calibrate bright temperature and correct simply be multiplied calculating using cold empty amendment scale factor and the bright temperature of terrestrial radiation
Obtain it is cold it is empty correct bright temperature, but it includes cold in the case of ocean and land simultaneously that can not accurately correct cold empty antenna radiation pattern secondary lobe
Sky calibrates bright temperature error.The present invention can overcome traditional modification method insufficient, and it is same accurately to correct cold empty antenna radiation pattern secondary lobe
When comprising the cold bright temperature error of sky in the case of ocean and land, further improve overall data process precision.
(2) cold empty calibrate in bright temperature revised law of tradition is to obtain the accurate bright temperature of terrestrial radiation, is needed cold empty antenna side
It is projected to figure part secondary lobe to the earth and earth each point radiation brightness is integrated, data-handling efficiency is low.The present invention need not be
Contribution of the terrestrial radiation to cold empty calibration temperature is calculated by the method for integral in each scan period, it is only necessary to based on fitting number
The cold empty accurate amendment for calibrating bright temperature is realized according to calibration is carried out to practical cold empty observation count value, is ensureing data processed result essence
A large amount of projection is avoided while spending to calculate, and improves the efficiency of data processing.
(3) the cold empty bright temperature modification method principle of calibration in the present invention is simple, and the realization of corrected Calculation process is simple and feasible, just
It is realized in Ground Data Processing System, can further improve ground system data processed result precision.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Calibration of Microwave Radiometer functional block diagram；
Fig. 2 is the method for the present invention implementing procedure block diagram.
Specific implementation mode
Satellite-borne microwave radiometer is by passively receiving microwave radiation from sea surface signal to ocean environment parameter such as sea surface temperature, wind
Speed, air Liquid water content and air vapor content etc. carry out remote sensing survey.Satellite-borne microwave radiometer is periodically revolved by antenna
Turn to realize that the continuous scanning of targets in ocean is observed, in each scan period, microwave radiometer is successively to scene, heat source and cold sky
It is observed.Heat source utilizes the microwave-absorbing body for being in steady temperature by accurate temperature control to realize, cold sky is by beam position universe
The antenna of cold sky background is realized.It can determine in each scan period by observing heat source and cold empty and combined ground test parameter
System calibration parameter, and then be bright temperature by scene sight gauge numerical value conversion, as shown in Figure 1.
It needs to count using the in-orbit original heat source observation of radiometer in satellite-borne microwave radiometer Ground Data Processing System
Value, original cold empty observation count value, the bright temperature of heat source, low-temperature receiver radiation brightness and nonlinear factor are to the scene in same scan cycle
Observation count value is calibrated, and is obtained scene and is observed bright temperature：
CHAnd CCRespectively original heat source observation count value and original cold empty observation count value, TH0And TC0Respectively heat source and
Low-temperature receiver radiation brightness, CSCount value is observed for scene, u is the nonlinear factor that ground experiment room measures.
At present in microwave radiometer Ground Data Processing System scaling module the cold bright temperature generally use standard of sky 2.73K
Radiation brightness.But since the cold empty antenna by being directed toward the cold empty background in universe is realized, the terrestrial radiation with higher radiation brightness
Enter cold empty observation visual field from cold empty antenna radiation pattern secondary lobe direction of observing, causes radiometer is practical to receive bright temperature higher than 2.73K
The cold empty bright temperature of Nominal irradiation, i.e.,：
WhereinIndicate the bright temperature distribution of terrestrial radiation,Indicate that cold empty observation antenna radiation pattern, SL indicate antenna
Solid angle region shared by the earth in directional diagram secondary lobe, ML are indicated except the other directions of the overseas antenna radiation pattern in solid angle area shared by the earth
The solid angle region of cold sky, TC0For 2.73K.
Since the bright temperature of terrestrial radiation is usually higher, lead to T 'C0More than TC0.If directly using the cold empty radiation brightness of 2.73K
It is calibrated, will directly bring the calibration error of the bright temperature of target, and then lead to the inversion error of ocean environment parameter, reduce number
According to the precision of handling result.
The method of the present invention step is as shown in Fig. 2, specific as follows：
(1) earth scale factor is calculated
Earth scale factor indicates that when microwave radiometer carries out cold empty calibration observation, earth region is in entire cold empty observation
Proportion coefficient in antenna radiation pattern.The scale factor is calculated using in-orbit measured data.
A) cold empty nominal bright temperature T is utilizedC0(2.73K) ﹑ heat sources observe count value CH, cold empty observation count value CC﹑ heat sources are bright
Warm THWith channel non-linearities coefficient u to scene observation count value CSIt is calibrated, obtains the bright temperature valuation T ' of sceneB。
B) the bright temperature T of cold empty Nominal irradiation is utilizedC0, heat source observe averaged countLow-temperature receiver observes averaged count
It is averaged bright temperature with heat sourceRadiometer system average gain is calculated
C) set substar be located at when sea area cold empty observation averaged count asThe corresponding bright Wen Ping of oceanographic observation
Mean value isCold sky when substar is located at land area observes averaged count and isBright Wen Ping is observed on corresponding land
Mean value is
D) basisWithEarth scale factor f can be calculatedCsE。
(2) cold empty sight gauge numerical fitting
In the case that heat source temperature more smoothly, observing count value according to heat source can be with substar latitude variation characteristic
Microwave radiometer channel gain (temperature) is released with substar latitude variation relation.Sea area will be located at per all substars of rail
Cold empty observation count value be fitted with substar latitude variation relation, fit low-temperature receiver and observe count value with substar latitude
θ variation relations：
CC=F (θ) (4-8)
(3) cold empty observation count value calculates
When microwave radiometer carries out cold empty observation in any one scan period, if corresponding substar latitude is θSat,
Then according to the cold empty observation count value and substar latitude θ variation relations formula (4-8) fitted, each scanning week can be extrapolated
Phase, cold empty observation count value was：
CC,Sat=F (θSar) (4-9)
(4) the bright temperature of the cold sky in sea area is corrected
According to calculated earth scale factor f in formula (4-7)CsEIt can calculate cold when substar is located at sea area
Sky corrects bright temperature：
To be based on the calculated average value of global ocean region mode bright temperature data.The global ocean region mode
Bright temperature (brightness temperature computed from RTM) be by global ocean environmental parameter such as sea surface temperature,
The parameters such as ocean surface wind speed, air Liquid water content, atmospheric water vapour and seawater salinity substitute into existing radiation transmission as input
The bright temperature of sea pattern is calculated in pattern function RTM (Radiative Transfer Model).Then by sea pattern
Bright temperature carries out statistical average and can be obtained mean value
(5) the cold empty bright temperature of calibration is corrected
Utilize the cold empty observation count value C released in each scan periodC,SatThe bright temperature correction value of the cold sky in the sea areas ﹑
TC0cor﹑ original heat sources observe count value CHWith the bright temperature T of heat sourceHTo original cold empty observation count value C in each scan periodCIt carries out
Calibration obtains the cold empty bright temperature correction value T of observationCcor。
(6) scene observes bright temperature calibration
Utilize original cold empty observation count value C in each scan periodCThe cold empty bright temperature value T of amendment of ﹑ formulas (4-15)Ccor﹑ heat sources
Observe count value CHThe bright temperature T of ﹑ heat sourcesHWith channel non-linearities coefficient to each scan period scene sight gauge numerical value numerical value CSAgain
It is calibrated, obtains the bright temperature corrected value of scene after being calibrated again scene count value after the bright temperature of cold sky is corrected
The content that description in the present invention is not described in detail belongs to the known technology of those skilled in the art.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of cold empty scaled correction method of satellite-borne microwave radiometer, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：
S1 is observed target using microwave radiometer, obtains original cold empty observation count value, original heat source observation counts
The bright mild original scene of value, heat source observes count value, and calculating separately out substar by the original cold empty observation count value is located at
The cold empty observation averaged count of sea area and land area；Count value and original scene are observed in conjunction with the original heat source
Observation count value calculates separately out the bright temperature average value of scene of sea area and land area, by the sea area and land area
The bright temperature average value of scene in domain, substar are located at the cold empty observation averaged count and microwave spoke of sea area and land area
It penetrates meter systems average gain and calculates earth scale factor, the earth scale factor is when microwave radiometer carries out cold empty calibration
When observation, earth region proportion coefficient in entire cold empty antenna radiation pattern；
S2, the original cold empty observation count value that sea area is located to substar are fitted with substar latitude variation relation,
Cold empty observation count value in each scan period is calculated in conjunction with each scan period substar latitude of microwave radiometer；
S3 goes out the cold sky in sea area according to the mean value calculation of the bright temperature analogue value of the earth scale factor and global ocean region
Bright temperature correction value；
S4 is seen according to cold empty observation count value, the bright temperature correction value of the cold sky in sea area, original heat source in each scan period
It surveys count value and the bright temperature of heat source to calibrate original cold empty observation count value, obtains the cold empty bright temperature correction value of calibration；
S5 observes count value and heat source according to cold empty bright temperature correction value, original cold empty observation count value, the original heat source calibrated
Bright temperature calibrates original scene observation count value, obtains the bright temperature correction value of scene.
2. the cold empty scaled correction method of satellite-borne microwave radiometer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described in S1
Ball scale factor fCsEComputational methods be
Wherein,For microwave radiation meter systems average gain, and Averaged count is observed for heat source,For
Cold empty observation averaged count,It is averaged bright temperature for heat source, TC0For the cold empty bright temperature of Nominal irradiation, the cold empty Nominal irradiation is bright
Warm TC0For 2.73K；It is located at cold empty observation averaged count when land area for substar,For land area scene
Bright temperature average value,Cold sky observes averaged count when being located at sea area for substar,For the bright temperature of sea area scene
Average value.
3. the cold empty scaled correction method of satellite-borne microwave radiometer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The scene is seen
Survey count value and the bright temperature of scene relational expression be：
Wherein, CSCount value is observed for scene, CHCount value, C are observed for original heat sourceCFor original cold empty observation count value, THFor the bright temperature of heat source, u is ground
The channel non-linearities coefficient that laboratory measures.
4. the cold empty scaled correction method of satellite-borne microwave radiometer according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is extra large in the S3
The oceanic province domain bright temperature correction value T of cold skyC0corComputational methods beWherein,It is complete
The average value of the bright temperature analogue value in ball sea area.
5. the cold empty scaled correction method of satellite-borne microwave radiometer according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is cold in the S4
Sky calibrates bright temperature correction value TCcorComputational methods beWherein,
CC,SatFor cold empty observation count value in each scan period.
6. the cold empty scaled correction method of satellite-borne microwave radiometer according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The midfields S5
The bright temperature correction value of scapeComputational methods be
Wherein,
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| CN109212496A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-15 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | A kind of satellite-borne microwave radiometer antenna error bearing calibration |
| CN110456295A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-15 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | A kind of microwave radiometer In-flight calibration method based on antenna radiation pattern real-time monitoring |
| CN110617889A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-12-27 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | High-stability testing method applied to synthetic aperture microwave radiometer |
| CN111695085A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-09-22 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | Radiometric calibration correction coefficient sequence construction method and system and electronic equipment |
| CN111947790A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-11-17 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Internal and external calibration system and internal and external calibration method for satellite-borne microwave radiometer |
| CN111982299A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-24 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | Dynamic data quality scoring method and system for satellite-borne microwave radiometer |
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| CN109212496A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-15 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | A kind of satellite-borne microwave radiometer antenna error bearing calibration |
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| CN111695085A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-09-22 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | Radiometric calibration correction coefficient sequence construction method and system and electronic equipment |
| CN111695085B (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2023-06-02 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | Method, system and electronic equipment for constructing radiometric calibration coefficient sequence |
| CN111947790A (en) * | 2020-07-17 | 2020-11-17 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Internal and external calibration system and internal and external calibration method for satellite-borne microwave radiometer |
| CN111982299A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-24 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | Dynamic data quality scoring method and system for satellite-borne microwave radiometer |
| CN111982299B (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2021-08-17 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | Dynamic data quality scoring method and system for satellite-borne microwave radiometer |
| CN112485738A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-12 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | Method, system and apparatus for testing stability of stationary orbit microwave radiometer system |
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