CN108919151A - A kind of microwave radiometer cross polarization error correcting method - Google Patents
A kind of microwave radiometer cross polarization error correcting method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of microwave radiometer antenna cross polarization error correcting method, for the defect of existing microwave radiometer cross polarization error correcting method:The shortcomings that aligning step is more, computationally intensive, heavy dependence ground test parameter, propose a kind of new modification method, i.e. on the basis of carrying out calibration and modified cold empty spilling to microwave radiometer measured value, multiple linear regression is carried out by measuring bright temperature to mode bright temperature data and microwave radiometer, the correction matrix influenced for whole cross polarizations is directly obtained, to realize to the cross polarization error correction for measuring bright temperature.It is had the following advantages that compared to existing cross polarization error correcting method:Not needing the parameters such as acquisition antenna direction diagram data, antenna installation deviation, the attitude of satellite can be completed amendment;Can the cross polarization error to separate sources be uniformly modified, improve data processing precision and speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microwave radiometer cross polarization error correcting methods, belong to microwave remote sensing technique field.
Background technique
When microwave radiometer observes ground object target, the energy of ground object target is passively received by antenna, due to paraboloid day
The characteristic of line itself, such as reflectance loss, end-to-end mouth isolation, reflecting surface cross polarization characteristics, cause antenna non-pre-
The unwanted polarization components energy of fixed polarization reception, meanwhile, target scene and antenna optical axis polarization reference mismatch, faraday's rotation
Turn to be also the reason of causing cross polarization error.As it can be seen that antenna cross-polarization error source is complicated, it is difficult to establish wrong comprising institute
The cross polarization transmission equation in poor source can only be modified one by one, at present cross-pole for different cross polarization errors source
Change error correction and is broadly divided into three steps:
Antenna cross-polarization amendment
Antenna cross-polarization error is mainly caused by parabola antenna non-ideal characteristic, according to antenna transmission equation and full pole
Antenna cross-polarization error correction formula can be derived by changing microwave radiometer signal measurement principle:
Wherein, TB=[TBv;TBh;TB3;TB4] it is target really bright temperature, TA=[TAv;TAh;TA3;TA4] it is microwave radiometer
Measure bright temperature, FnFor antenna cross-polarization matrix, can be calculated by antenna radiation pattern:
Wherein, fn,vv、fn,hhThe respectively main polarization voltage direction figure of v, h, fn,vh、fn,hvFor v, h cross polarization voltage direction
Figure.
As it can be seen that if can obtain, accurate antenna is main polarization and cross polarised antenna directional diagram, it can basis (2)
Formula calculates antenna cross-polarization correction matrix Fn, (1) formula is recycled to measure bright temperature T to complete polarization microwave radiometerACarry out cross-pole
Change error correction, obtains the true bright temperature T of targetB。
Polarization rotation amendment
Polarize rotation angleThe rotation being defined as between earth's surface target polarization benchmark and antenna for radiometer polarization benchmark.Microwave
When radiometer earth observation, since the attitude of satellite deviates, lead to the polarization benchmark of antenna and the polarization benchmark for earth scene of getting along well
Exact matching, produces polarization rotation angleAssuming that the true bright temperature of target is TB, due to the presence for the rotation angle that polarizes, antenna is surveyed
Measuring bright temperature is:
It is converted by scan geometry, the spin matrix that can must polarize is as follows:
It can be by the bright temperature measurements T of antenna by matrix inversionAThe bright temperature vector of terrestrial surface radiation is converted to, i.e.,
As it can be seen that the polarization modified key of rotation error is the calculating of polarization rotation angle, as long as known radiometer attitude offsets
Amount:Pitching, rolling, yaw and scan position angle, nadir angle, so that it may calculate polarization rotation angle
Faraday rotation amendment
Faraday rotation refers to rotation of the self-ionization layer to polarization of ele plane, leads to target polarization benchmark and antenna pole
Change reference mismatch, modification method and polarization rotation correction method are completely the same, and it is different only to rotate angle computation method.Farad
Rotation angle calculation formula is:
In formula, neFor ionosphere free electron density (m-3), BgeoFor geomagnetic fieldvector (Gauss), v is wave frequency
(Hz), s is Electromagnetic Wave Propagation path unit vector (m), and limit of integration is height where from ionosphere bottom to satellite.
Currently, being directed to cross polarization error, repaired according to antenna cross-polarization amendment, polarization rotation amendment, Faraday rotation
Positive sequence is modified every cross polarization error one by one, but there are significant limitations for such modification method:
(1) antenna cross-polarization to be corrected, needs accurately to measure 4pi range internal antenna directional diagram, state-of-the art is difficult to reach,
It is difficult to obtain accurate cross polarization correction matrix Fn, meanwhile, after satellite is in-orbit, antenna radiation characteristics may change, can
Ground test antenna radiation pattern can be caused no longer to be applicable in;(2) the bright temperature vector third component T of complete polarizationB3For polarization rotation and method
It draws rotation extremely sensitive, for polarization rotation correction, needs accurately to measure antenna installation deviation, the attitude of satellite, antenna
Scan position angle, pitch angle etc., are related to that parameter is numerous, it is difficult to ensure that the measurement accuracy of each single item, meanwhile, Faraday rotation angle meter
Complex, computational accuracy is also difficult to ensure;It (3) can only be three to this for the method for each single item error source calibration one by one
Error is modified, other cross polarization errors not yet specific for potential, mechanism can not be corrected.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the invention solves the problems, such as:Overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of microwave radiometer cross polarization
Error correcting method is realized by the bright temperature of mode to the error correction for measuring bright temperature.
The technical scheme is that:
A kind of microwave radiometer cross polarization error correcting method, including steps are as follows:
1) time-space registration is carried out according to environmental parameter and microwave radiometer measurement data;
2) according to microwave radiometer forward model, microwave radiometer centre frequency and incidence angle, the bright temperature of mode is calculated;
3) ocean, water area bright temperature data are chosen, obtain the bright mild microwave spoke of mode using arithmetic of linearity regression
It penetrates meter and measures optimal cross polarization correction matrix between bright temperature;
4) matrix obtained according to step 3) measures bright temperature to microwave radiometer and carries out cross polarization error correction, obtains
The bright temperature estimated value T ' of targetB=MTA, wherein TABright temperature is measured for microwave radiometer, M is cross polarization error correction matrix,
It completes microwave radiometer and measures bright temperature cross polarization error correction.
The calculation method of cross polarization error correction matrix M is in the step 3):
The bright temperature T of multiple linear regression analysis method Solution modelBBright temperature T is measured with microwave radiometerACoupling between each component is closed
It is formula, obtains cross polarization error correction matrix M:
The bright temperature T of modeBBright temperature T is measured with microwave radiometerACoupled relation formula between each component is specially:
TBv=Mvv·Tv+Mhv·Th+M3v·T3+M4v·T4;
TBh=Mvh·Tv+Mhh·Th+M3h·T3+M4h·T4;
TB3=Mv3·Tv+Mh3·Th+M33·T3+M43·T4;
TB4=Mv4·Tv+Mh4·Th+M34·T3+M44·T4;
Wherein, Tv、Th、T3、T4Respectively v, h, the 3rd and the 4th complete polarization channel the bright temperature of measurement, TBv、TBh、TB3、
TB4Respectively v, h, the 3rd and the 4th complete polarization channel the bright temperature of mode, Mpq(p=v, h, 3,4;Q=v, h, 3,4) indicate p
Polarization components are coupled to the coefficient of q polarization components.
The environmental parameter includes sea surface temperature, salinity, wind speed and direction, moisture content, cloud water content and each environment ginseng
Number corresponding time, latitude and longitude information;And wind speed is less than 5m/s, cloud water content is less than 0.02kg/m2。
The criterion of the time-space registration is that environmental parameter and microwave radiometer measure bright temperature TA=[Tv;Th;T3;T4] meet:
Time difference is less than 15 minutes, longitude and latitude difference less than 0.25 °.
Microwave radiometer forward model in the step 2) is RSS 2012Radiative Transfer Model
Software。
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) it realizes the amendment for measuring microwave radiometer bright temperature as reference value using the bright temperature of mode, avoids antenna side
The parameter measurements uncertainty bring such as Xiang Tu, antenna installation deviation, attitude of satellite influences;
(2) optimal cross polarization correction matrix is calculated using arithmetic of linearity regression, avoids calculating polarization rotation angle
With the complex process at Faraday rotation angle, error correction efficiency is substantially increased;
(3) bright temperature T is measured to microwave radiometerACross polarization amendment is carried out, the bright temperature estimated value T ' of target is directly obtainedB, school
Positive process includes that microwave radiometer entirely measures transmission link, is realized to antenna cross-polarization, polarization rotation and Faraday rotation
Unified amendment, while potential cross polarization error is also corrected.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the method for the present invention flow chart.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 show the method for the present invention flow chart, mainly includes following sections:First is that environmental parameter and microwave radiation
Meter measures bright temperature and carries out time-space registration;Second is that calculating the bright temperature of mode according to radiative transfer model;Third is that according to multiple linear regression
Algorithm calculates cross polarization correction matrix;Finally, cross polarization error correction can be realized according to cross polarization matrix.Specific implementation
Mode is as follows:
(1) environmental parameter obtains
In order to calculate the bright temperature of mode, needs to obtain sea surface temperature, seawater salinity, wind speed and opposite wind direction, atmosphere vapour and contain
Amount and cloud water content items environmental parameter, these environmental parameters can be from Remote Sensing System or European mid-term days
The open channel downloading such as gas forecasting centre, the environmental parameter of acquisition should include time, longitude and latitude auxiliary information.In order to improve model
Computational accuracy, obtains wide ocean, smooth water area environmental parameter, and setting environmental parameter screening conditions are:Wind speed w<5m/s,
Liquid water content L<0.02kg/m2。
The bright temperature of the one-to-one mode of bright temperature is measured with microwave radiometer in order to obtain, needs to be believed according to time and longitude and latitude
Breath carries out time-space registration to each environmental parameter and the bright temperature of microwave radiometer earth observation, and matching criterior is time difference less than 15
Minute, longitude and latitude difference is less than 0.25 °.
(2) the bright temperature of mode calculates
Microwave radiation transmission equation is ocean-Atmospheric Microwave remote sensing theoretical basis, and microwave radiative transfer model reflects
Non-linear relation between the spaceborne bright mild relevant environmental parameter of radiometer, microwave radiometer forward model use RSS
2012Radiative Transfer Model Software, the model are that T.Meissner and F.J.Wentz is developed jointly,
It has been widely recognized as and has been applied, can have been obtained from open channel, basic assumption is:Plane-parallel atmosphere, without rain, mode input
Amount is observing frequency, incidence angle, sea surface temperature, seawater salinity, wind speed and opposite wind direction, Water Vapor Content and Yun Shuihan
Amount, output quantity are each Channels Brightness Temperature of radiometer.
Two system operational parameters of observing frequency and incidence angle are determined according to system real work parameter, are obtained in conjunction with after matching
The wide ocean arrived, each environmental parameter of smooth water area substitute into the bright temperature software for calculation RSS2012Radiative of mode
In Transfer Model Software, the bright temperature T of mode is obtainedB=[TBv;TBh;TB3;TB4]。
(3) cross polarization matrix calculates
Cross polarization can cause the coupling between each component of the bright temperature of complete polarization, and the bright temperature of microwave radiometer is missed as shown in Figure 1
Difference amendment process, it is known that cross polarization amendment is mainly that microwave radiometer measures bright temperature TAWith the true bright temperature T ' of targetBBetween coupling
Conjunction relationship, i.e.,:
Wherein, Tp(p=v, h, 3,4) is that different complete polarization channels microwave radiometer measures bright temperature, Mpq(p=v, h, 3,4;q
=v, h, 3,4) it is each term coefficient of cross polarization matrix, indicate that p-polarization component is coupled to the coefficient of q polarization components.
The true bright temperature T ' of targetBThe bright temperature T of mode can be calculated with radiative transfer modelBInstead of that will be calculated simultaneously by step (2)
The bright temperature of the bright temperature value of mode and antenna measurement after screening substitutes into (7) formula and is unfolded, and the bright temperature T of mode can be obtainedBEach component and measurement
Bright temperature TALinear coupling relationship between each component:
In formula (8), [TBv;TBh;TB3;TB4] it is the bright temperature of mode, [Tv;Th;T3;T4] it is that microwave radiometer measures bright temperature, it adopts
Each factor of Metzler matrix is obtained with the anti-solution of multiple linear regression analysis method, i.e., final cross polarization error correction matrix:
(4) cross polarization error correction
Cross polarization correction matrix M is directly substituted into (7) formula, cross polarization error correction can be completed, it is bright to obtain target
Warm estimated value T 'B。
The content that description in the present invention is not described in detail belongs to the well-known technique of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of microwave radiometer cross polarization error correcting method, which is characterized in that including steps are as follows:
1) time-space registration is carried out according to environmental parameter and microwave radiometer measurement data;
2) according to microwave radiometer forward model, microwave radiometer centre frequency and incidence angle, the bright temperature of mode is calculated;
3) ocean, water area bright temperature data are chosen, obtain the bright mild microwave radiometer of mode using arithmetic of linearity regression
Measure optimal cross polarization correction matrix between bright temperature;
4) matrix obtained according to step 3) measures bright temperature to microwave radiometer and carries out cross polarization error correction, obtains target
Bright temperature estimated value T 'B=MTA, wherein TABright temperature is measured for microwave radiometer, M is cross polarization error correction matrix, is completed
Microwave radiometer measures bright temperature cross polarization error correction.
2. error correcting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that cross polarization error correction in the step 3)
Matrix M is specially:
Wherein, Mpq, p=v, h, 3,4;Q=v, h, 3,4, indicate that p-polarization component is coupled to the coefficient of q polarization components.
3. error correcting method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The environmental parameter includes sea surface temperature, salt
Degree, wind speed and direction, moisture content, cloud water content and each environmental parameter corresponding time, latitude and longitude information;Wherein wind speed is small
It is less than 0.02kg/m in 5m/s, cloud water content2。
4. error correcting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the criterion of the time-space registration is environmental parameter
Bright temperature is measured with microwave radiometer to meet:Time difference is less than 15 minutes, longitude and latitude difference less than 0.25 °.
5. error correcting method according to claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that:Microwave radiation in the step 2)
Meter forward model is 2012 Radiative Transfer Model Software of RSS.
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CN109540380A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-29 | 大连理工大学 | A method of it correcting single bolt torque angle method and tightens error |
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CN114252834A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-29 | 国家卫星海洋应用中心 | Satellite-borne microwave radiometer external calibration method and device based on ocean target |
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