CN108318582B - Signal acquisition method for ultrasonic reflection and transmission parallel detection of sandwich structure - Google Patents
Signal acquisition method for ultrasonic reflection and transmission parallel detection of sandwich structure Download PDFInfo
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
- G01N29/06—Visualisation of the interior, e.g. acoustic microscopy
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/34—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
- G01N29/341—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor with time characteristics
- G01N29/343—Generating the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor with time characteristics pulse waves, e.g. particular sequence of pulses, bursts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/36—Detecting the response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical fields of aerospace manufacturing, traffic, buildings, electronic engineering, nondestructive testing and the like, and relates to a signal acquisition method for ultrasonic reflection and transmission parallel testing of a sandwich structure. The equipment for acquiring the detection signal comprises a transmitting and receiving transducer, a receiving transducer, an ultrasonic transmitting unit, a gating unit, a reflected signal processing unit, a delay unit, a transmission signal processing unit, a synchronization unit and a data acquisition unit. The invention can be used for scanning and imaging by an ultrasonic reflection method and a penetration method at the same time only by preprocessing and collecting and recording the ultrasonic signals in the one-time scanning process of the sandwich structure of the detected composite material, and has the advantages of less detection time, high detection efficiency and obviously reduced detection cost; the high-voltage ultrasonic pulse excitation original signal is not directly loaded on the input stage of the pre-processor, so that the blockage and damage of a primary amplifier of the pre-processor can be avoided, and the reliability and the accuracy of the detection result can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical fields of aerospace manufacturing, traffic, buildings, electronic engineering, nondestructive testing and the like, and relates to a signal acquisition method for ultrasonic reflection and transmission parallel testing of a sandwich structure.
Background
The ultrasonic automatic scanning imaging detection is a very important nondestructive detection method adopted by a sandwich structure at present, one method is that an ultrasonic penetration method is adopted for automatic scanning imaging detection, one transducer is adopted for transmitting an ultrasonic signal, the other transducer is used for receiving the ultrasonic signal, the two transducers are respectively positioned on two sides of a detected piece, the ultrasonic signal received by the receiving transducer in the scanning process needs to be subjected to pre-processing and acquisition recording for the ultrasonic signal to be used for the ultrasonic penetration method for automatic scanning imaging, so that the ultrasonic penetration method detection of the detected piece is realized, and the main defects are that: when the defects are detected, an ultrasonic reflection method is needed to be selected for scanning, the detected piece is scanned again, and the detection signals received by the transducer in the scanning process are subjected to preprocessing and acquisition recording in real time so as to be used for ultrasonic scanning imaging, and the positions of the detected defects in the sandwich structure can be determined. The other method is to adopt an ultrasonic reflection method to automatically scan, image and detect, adopt a transducer to be used for transmitting ultrasonic signals and receiving ultrasonic signals, the transducer is positioned at one side of a detected piece, and the ultrasonic signals received by the transducer in the scanning process need to be preprocessed, collected and recorded, and the main defects are as follows: 1) the detection of the detected sandwich structure can be realized only by scanning two sides of the detected sandwich structure respectively, and therefore, detection signals received by a transducer in the scanning and detecting processes of two times need to be preprocessed, collected and recorded, and can be used for ultrasonic scanning imaging detection; 2) in the ultrasonic reflection method detection, because the high-voltage ultrasonic pulse excitation original signal is usually directly loaded on the input stage of the pre-processor, the blocking and even damage of the primary amplifier of the pre-processor are easily caused, and the high-voltage ultrasonic pulse excitation original signal easily generates interference on weak detection signals, thereby influencing the detection imaging quality and the reliability and accuracy of the detection result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a signal acquisition method for ultrasonic reflection and transmission parallel detection aiming at ultrasonic nondestructive detection of a sandwich structure so as to realize ultrasonic reflection and transmission parallel scanning imaging detection of the sandwich structure.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
the equipment for acquiring the ultrasonic reflection and transmission parallel detection signals comprises a transmitting and receiving transducer, a receiving transducer, an ultrasonic transmitting unit, a gating unit, a reflection signal processing unit, a delay unit, a transmission signal processing unit, a synchronization unit and a data acquisition unit, wherein the acquisition steps are as follows:
generation and conversion of ultrasonic signals
The ultrasonic transmitting unit outputs a synchronous pulse s at the synchronizing unit0(t) generating a high voltage excitation pulse uR2(t) exciting the transmitting and receiving transducer to generate transmitting ultrasonic waves, and passing through the coupling mediumThe matter is transmitted into the sandwich structure of the detected composite material to form incident ultrasonic waves, wherein part of the incident ultrasonic waves form reflected ultrasonic waves in the sandwich structure of the detected composite material, and the reflected ultrasonic waves are received by the transmitting and receiving transducer and converted into ultrasonic reflected signals uR1(t) after the other part of incident ultrasonic waves penetrate through the sandwich structure of the detected composite material, transmission sound waves are formed and are received by the receiving transducer to be converted into ultrasonic transmission signals uT(t) synchronously moving the transmitting and receiving transducer and the receiving transducer to form corresponding ultrasonic reflection signals u at different detection point positions in the sandwich structure of the detected composite materialR1(t) and ultrasound transmission signal uT(t)；
Reception of ultrasound reflected signals and ultrasound transmitted signals in parallel
Transmitting and receiving transducer and ultrasonic reflection signal u of receiving transducerR1(t) and ultrasound transmission signal uT(t) parallel reception, wherein:
1) reception of ultrasound reflected signals
The transmitting and receiving transducer works in an ultrasonic reflection mode and is used for transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving ultrasonic reflection signals u formed by the reflected ultrasonic waves from the sandwich structure of the detected composite materialR(t), ultrasonic reflection signal uR(t) includes ultrasonic reflection signal u formed by reflecting ultrasonic wave from sandwich structure of composite material to be detectedR1(t) and an excitation pulse signal u from the excitation pulse generation of the ultrasound transmission unitR2(t), namely:
uR(t)＝uR1(t)+uR2(t) (1)
generally uR2(t) far ratio uR1(t) is large, in time sequence, uR1(t) is greater than uR2(t) arriving at the transmitting receiving transducer with a time lag Δ t;
2) reception of transmitted signals
The receiving transducer works in an ultrasonic penetration mode and is used for receiving an ultrasonic transmission signal u formed after the transmission sound wave penetrating through the sandwich structure of the detected composite material is convertedT(t)；
③ ultrasonic reflection signal uR1(t) extraction ofGet
Separating the high-voltage excitation pulse original signal by using a gate selection unit, wherein the delay unit generates a time lag s in time sequence0(t) s for a time difference Δ t1(t) controlling the on-time of the gate selection unit, and controlling the off-time of the gate selection unit according to the thickness of the sandwich structure of the detected composite material or according to the time width between F and B to realize the ultrasonic reflection signal uRU in (t)R1(t) extraction and uR2(t) isolating to make only u in the ultrasonic reflected signal after passing through the gating unitR1(t), wherein F is an ultrasonic reflection signal from the surface of the sandwich structure of the detected composite material, and B is an ultrasonic reflection signal from the bottom surface of the sandwich structure of the detected composite material;
parallel acquisition and storage of ultrasonic reflection signal and ultrasonic penetration signal
The data acquisition unit is used for processing the ultrasonic reflection signal u 'output by the reflection signal processing unit'R1(t) carrying out digital acquisition to form a digital ultrasonic reflection signal u "R1(t) and, at the same time, to the ultrasonic transmission signal u 'output from the transmission signal processing unit'T(t) carrying out digital acquisition to form a digital ultrasonic transmission signal u "T(t)，u"R1(t) and u "TAnd (t) caching the data in a memory in the data acquisition unit respectively according to the form of data link, and performing data exchange through an external computer system connected with the data acquisition unit.
The transmitting and receiving transducers and the receiving transducers are selected to transmit and receive ultrasonic reflection signals and transmission signals with different frequencies according to the material, process and structural characteristics of the sandwich structure of the composite material, and the frequency is generally selected between 1MHz and 10 MHz.
Ultrasonic reflection signal uR1(t) is extracted by setting the time difference Δ t to cause the gating pulse s to be selected1(t)＝s0(t+Δt)，s1(t) and s0The time difference delta t of (t) is selected according to the distance between the transmitting and receiving transducer wafer and the surface of the detected composite material sandwich structure, and is generally selected between 0.1ms and 20 ms.
The signal acquisition selects a video signal acquisition mode and a radio frequency signal acquisition mode according to the material, process and structure characteristics of the sandwich structure of the composite material, and the parallel sampling rate is selected between 50MHz and 100 MHz.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the invention has proposed a signal acquisition method used for that the ultrasonic reflection transmits the parallel detection, consider that the defect in the sandwich structure may be located in its both sides covering and covering-sandwich and glue the interface zone, only need to carry on the preconditioning, gather the record to the ultrasonic signal in the sandwich structure of the detected composite material once scanning process, can be used for ultrasonic reflection method and scanning imaging of the penetration method at the same time, and then realize the detection covering to the sandwich structure detected and detect, when detecting the defect, can confirm the position of covering or covering-gluing the interface zone in the sandwich structure that detects the defect, the ultrasonic detection method based on this ultrasonic signal parallel acquisition method, it is little to detect time, detection efficiency is high, detection cost is reduced apparently; the high-voltage ultrasonic pulse excitation original signal is not directly loaded on the input stage of the pre-processing, the blocking and the damage of a primary amplifier of the pre-processing device can not be caused, and the high-voltage ultrasonic pulse excitation original signal can not generate interference on weak detection signals, so that the ultrasonic imaging quality can not be influenced, and the reliability and the accuracy of a detection result can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the signal acquisition method of ultrasonic reflection-transmission parallel detection of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the working principle and the timing of the signal acquisition method of the ultrasonic reflection-transmission parallel detection of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a basic flow of signal acquisition for ultrasonic reflectance transmission parallel detection of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structural form of the link for acquiring data in parallel by ultrasonic reflection signals and ultrasonic penetration signals.
Detailed Description
The equipment for acquiring the ultrasonic reflection and transmission parallel detection signals comprises a transmitting and receiving transducer 1, a receiving transducer 2, an ultrasonic transmitting unit 3, a door selection unit 4, a reflection signal processing unit 5, a delay unit 6, a transmission signal processing unit 7, a synchronization unit 8 and a data acquisition unit 9, wherein the transmitting and receiving transducer 1 is used for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic reflection signals, the receiving transducer 2 is used for receiving ultrasonic transmission signals, all the units are connected according to the connection relation shown in figure 1, a composite material sandwich structure 10 to be detected is arranged between the transmitting and receiving transducer 1 and the receiving transducer 2, and the transmitting and receiving transducer 1, the receiving transducer 2 and the surface of the composite material sandwich structure 10 to be detected are well coupled.
Generation and conversion of ultrasonic signals
The ultrasonic transmitting unit 3 adopts a pulse excitation mode, and the ultrasonic transmitting unit 3 outputs a synchronous pulse s at the synchronous unit 80(t) generating a high voltage excitation pulse uR2(t) exciting the transmitting and receiving transducer 1 to generate transmitting ultrasonic waves 11, wherein the transmitting ultrasonic waves 11 are transmitted into the sandwich structure 10 of the detected composite material through a coupling medium to form incident ultrasonic waves 12, a part of the incident ultrasonic waves 12 form reflected ultrasonic waves 13 in the sandwich structure 10 of the detected composite material, and the reflected ultrasonic waves 13 are received by the transmitting and receiving transducer 1 after passing through a coupling agent and are converted into ultrasonic reflected signals uR1(t) after the other part of the incident ultrasonic waves 12 penetrate through the sandwich structure 10 of the detected composite material, transmission sound waves 14 are formed, and the transmission sound waves 14 are received by the receiving transducer 2 and converted into ultrasonic transmission signals u after passing through the coupling agentT(t) synchronously moving the transmitting and receiving transducer 1 and the receiving transducer 2 to form reflected ultrasonic waves 13 and transmitted sound waves 14 at different detection point positions in the sandwich structure 10 of the detected composite material and corresponding ultrasonic reflection signals uR1(t) and ultrasound transmission signal uT(t)。
Reception of ultrasound reflected signals and ultrasound transmitted signals in parallel
Realizing ultrasonic reflection signal u by transmitting and receiving transducer 1 and receiving transducer 2R1(t) and ultrasound transmission signal uT(t) parallel reception, wherein:
1) reception of ultrasound reflected signals
Transmitting connectorThe receiving transducer 1 works in an ultrasonic reflection mode and is used for transmitting ultrasonic waves 11 and receiving reflected ultrasonic waves 13 from a sandwich structure 10 of the detected composite material, and the reflected ultrasonic waves 13 are received and converted by the transmitting and receiving transducer 1 to form ultrasonic reflection signals uR(t), ultrasonic reflection signal uR(t) includes an ultrasonic reflection signal u formed by reflecting ultrasonic waves 13 from the composite material sandwich structure 10 to be detectedR1(t) and the excitation pulse signal u directly from the ultrasound transmission unit 3R2(t), see fig. 1 and fig. 2(b, c), i.e.:
uR(t)＝uR1(t)+uR2(t) (1)
generally uR2(t) far ratio uR1(t) Large, general uR1(t) is of the order of magnitude mv and, in time sequence, uR1(t) is greater than uR2(t) arrives at the transmitting receiving transducer 1 with a time lag Δ t, see fig. 2.
2) Reception of transmitted signals
The receiving transducer 2 works in an ultrasonic penetration mode and is used for receiving an ultrasonic transmission signal u formed after the transmission sound wave 14 penetrating through the sandwich structure 10 of the detected composite material is convertedT(t), see (f) in FIG. 2, generally uT(t) is of the order of magnitude of mv.
③ ultrasonic reflection signal uR1(t) extraction of
The original signal of the high-voltage excitation pulse is separated by using a gate unit 4, and the pulse signal s is used for separating the original signal1(t) controlling the on and off times of the gate menu unit 4, generating s by means of the delay unit 61(t) reacting s1(t) lags in time by s0(t) a time difference Δ t, see (a, b) in FIG. 2, to achieve a reflection u of the ultrasound received from the transmitting-receiving transducer 1RU in (t)R1(t) and uR2(t) separating and extracting that only u is in the ultrasonic reflection signal separated by the gate unit 4R1(t), see FIG. 2(e), thereby preventing uR2(t) into the input of the reflected signal processing unit 5, preventing the high voltage excitation pulse signal uR2(t) generating signal blocking, damage and pairing u to the reflected signal processing unit 5R1(t) interference that may be introduced.
Parallel acquisition and storage of ultrasonic reflection signal and ultrasonic penetration signal
The data acquisition unit 9 is internally provided with a high-speed A/D converter and a memory RAM to form a dual-channel parallel data acquisition unit, wherein one channel is used for ultrasonic reflection signals u 'output by the reflection signal processing unit 5'R1(t) carrying out digital acquisition to form a digital ultrasonic reflection signal u "R1(t), the other channel is for the ultrasonic transmission signal u 'output from the transmission signal processing unit 7'T(t) carrying out digital acquisition to form a digital ultrasonic transmission signal u "T(t)，u"R1(t) and u "T(t) the data are respectively cached in a memory in the data acquisition unit 9 in a data link mode, and data exchange is carried out through an external computer system connected with the data acquisition unit 9, so that the data are used for ultrasonic reflection and transmission parallel scanning imaging detection of the composite material sandwich structure 10.
According to the material, process and structure characteristics of the composite material sandwich structure 10, different transmitting and receiving transducers 1 and 2 are selected to transmit and receive ultrasonic reflection signals and transmission signals with different frequencies, and the frequency is generally selected between 1MHz and 10 MHz.
Ultrasonic reflection signal uR1(t) extracting s by setting a time difference Δ t1(t)＝s0(t + Δ t), gating pulse s1(t) and s0The time difference Δ t of (t) is selected according to the distance between the transmitting and receiving transducer 1 wafer and the surface of the composite sandwich structure 10 to be tested, and is generally selected between 0.1ms and 20 ms.
The ultrasonic reflection signal and the ultrasonic penetration signal parallelly acquire data and cache the data in a memory RAM of the data acquisition unit 9 in a packed link form, the structural form of the data link is shown in figure 4, and in the figure, N represents u'R1Total number of Data points in (t), Data i represents u "R1(t) the ith data, i ═ 1, 2, …, N, and M represents u "TTotal number of data points in (t), M denotes u "T(t) j-th data, j 1, 2, …, programmed by an external computer in real timeAccess and acquisition.
According to the material, process and structure characteristics of the composite material sandwich structure 10, a video signal acquisition mode and a radio frequency signal acquisition mode are selected, and the parallel sampling rate is selected from 50MHz to 100 MHz.
The signal acquisition method for the ultrasonic reflection and transmission parallel detection comprises the following implementation processes:
1) connecting each unit in the ultrasonic reflection and transmission parallel detection signal acquisition device according to the figure 1;
2) the sandwich structure 10 of the composite material to be detected is arranged between the transmitting and receiving transducer 1 and the receiving transducer 2, and the transmitting and receiving transducer 1 and the receiving transducer 2 are well coupled with the surface of the sandwich structure 10 of the composite material to be detected;
3) the ultrasonic signal is generated and converted, the reflected ultrasonic wave 13 is received and converted into an ultrasonic reflected signal u by the transmitting and receiving transducer 1R1(t) the transmitted acoustic wave 14 is received by the receiving transducer 2 and converted into an ultrasonic transmitted signal uT(t)；
4) Parallel reception of ultrasonic reflection signals and ultrasonic penetration signals, the transmitting and receiving transducer 1 operating in ultrasonic reflection mode for receiving ultrasonic reflection signals uR1(t) and uR2(t) the receiving transducer 2 operating in an ultrasound penetration mode for receiving ultrasound transmission signals;
5) ultrasonic reflection signal uR1(t) extracting the pulse s by the time difference Deltat1(t)＝s0(t + Δ t), controlling gate menu element 4 to implement u pairR1(t) and uR2(t) separating and extracting;
6) parallel acquisition of ultrasonic reflection signal and ultrasonic penetration signal, one channel in data acquisition unit 9 for ultrasonic reflection signal u'R1(t) carrying out digital acquisition to form a digital ultrasonic reflection signal u "R1(t), another channel to the ultrasound transmission signal u'T(t) carrying out digital acquisition to form a digital ultrasonic transmission signal u "T(t)；
7) Storage of ultrasonic reflection signals and ultrasonic penetration signals, u "R1(t) and u "T(t) buffering in the form of data links, respectivelyA memory in the data acquisition unit 9;
8) data exchange is performed through an external computer system connected with the data acquisition unit 9, and u' in the data acquisition unit 9 is read "R1(t) and u "T(t) ultrasonic reflection and transmission parallel scanning imaging detection for the composite sandwich structure 10;
9) synchronously moving the transmitting transducer 1 and the receiving transducer 2, and parallelly acquiring ultrasonic reflection signals and ultrasonic penetration signal waves at different detection point positions in the composite sandwich structure 10 to be detected until the acquisition is finished, as shown in fig. 3.
Examples
The technical scheme of the invention is adopted, FJ series transducers of composite material sandwich structure of China aviation are selected as a transmitting and receiving transducer 1 and a receiving transducer 2, carbon fiber skin of the composite material sandwich structure to be detected is 0.5mm and 1.0mm in thickness, a honeycomb core is a Nomex core, 10mm and 20mm in height, a UPower-2 ultrasonic signal source of the composite material sandwich structure of China aviation is selected as an ultrasonic transmitting unit 3 and a synchronizing unit 8, a 40MHz door selecting unit 4 is selected, a time delay unit 6 selects delta t to be 0.1ms, 1ms and 20ms respectively, a high-frequency circuit module with 40MHz bandwidth and 22dB is adopted as a reflected signal processing unit 5 and a transmitted signal processing unit 7, a parallel dual-channel 100MHz data acquisition system is adopted as a data acquisition unit 9, ultrasonic reflection and transmission parallel detection signals from composite material honeycomb sandwich structures of different sizes and specifications are acquired, analyzed and applied in real time respectively, the application result shows that the constructed ultrasonic reflection and transmission parallel detection signal acquisition method can quickly realize the acquisition of the ultrasonic reflection and transmission parallel detection signal in the scanning process with high quality.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a signal acquisition method for supersound reflection transmission parallel detection, characterized by, the equipment that is used for supersound reflection transmission parallel detection signal to obtain includes transmitting receiving transducer (1), receiving transducer (2), supersound transmitting element (3), selects unit (4), reflection signal processing unit (5), delay unit (6), transmission signal processing unit (7), synchronization unit (8), data acquisition unit (9), the collection step is:
generation and conversion of ultrasonic signals
The ultrasonic transmitting unit (3) outputs a synchronous pulse signal s at a synchronous unit (8)0(t) generating a high voltage excitation pulse signal uR2(t), exciting the transmitting and receiving transducer (1) to generate transmitting ultrasonic waves (11), and then transmitting the transmitting ultrasonic waves to the sandwich structure (10) of the detected composite material through a coupling medium to form incident ultrasonic waves (12), wherein a part of the incident ultrasonic waves (12) form reflected ultrasonic waves (13) in the sandwich structure (10) of the detected composite material, and the reflected ultrasonic waves are received by the transmitting and receiving transducer (1) and converted into ultrasonic reflected signals uR1(t), after the other part of incident ultrasonic waves (12) penetrate through the sandwich structure (10) of the detected composite material, transmission ultrasonic waves (14) are formed and are received by the receiving transducer (2) to be converted into ultrasonic transmission signals uT(t) synchronously moving the transmitting and receiving transducer (1) and the receiving transducer (2) to form corresponding ultrasonic reflection signals u at different detection point positions in the sandwich structure (10) of the detected composite materialR1(t) and ultrasound transmission signal uT(t)；
Reception of ultrasound reflected signals and ultrasound transmitted signals in parallel
Transmitting and receiving transducer (1) and receiving transducer (2) for ultrasonic reflection signal uR1(t) and ultrasound transmission signal uT(t) parallel reception, wherein:
1) reception of ultrasound reflected signals
The transmitting and receiving transducer (1) works in an ultrasonic reflection mode and is used for transmitting ultrasonic waves (11) and receiving ultrasonic reflection signals u formed by reflected ultrasonic waves (13) from the sandwich structure (10) of the detected composite materialR(t), ultrasonic reflection signal uR(t) comprises an ultrasonic reflection signal u formed by reflecting ultrasonic waves (13) in the sandwich structure (10) of the detected composite materialR1(t) and an excitation pulse signal u generated from the excitation pulse of the ultrasonic transmission unit (3)R2(t), namely:
uR(t)＝uR1(t)+uR2(t) (1)
uR2(t) far ratio uR1(t) is large, in time sequence, uR1(t) is greater than uR2(t) arrives at the transmitting receiving transducer (1) with a time lag Δ t;
2) reception of transmitted signals
The receiving transducer (2) works in an ultrasonic penetration mode and is used for receiving an ultrasonic transmission signal u formed after the transmission ultrasonic wave (14) penetrating through the sandwich structure (10) of the detected composite material is convertedT(t)；
③ ultrasonic reflection signal uR1(t) extraction of
The original signal of the high-voltage excitation pulse is separated by a gating unit (4), and a delay unit (6) generates a time lag s on the time sequence0(t) s for a time difference Δ t1(t) controlling the conduction time of the gate selection unit (4), and controlling the disconnection time of the gate selection unit (4) according to the thickness of the composite sandwich structure (10) to be detected or according to the time width between F and B to realize the ultrasonic reflection signal uRU in (t)R1(t) extraction and uR2(t) isolation to make only u in the ultrasonic reflection signal passing through the gating unit (4)R1(t); wherein, F is an ultrasonic reflection signal from the surface of the sandwich structure of the detected composite material, and B is an ultrasonic reflection signal from the bottom surface of the sandwich structure of the detected composite material;
parallel acquisition and storage of ultrasonic reflection signal and ultrasonic penetration signal
The data acquisition unit (9) processes the ultrasonic reflection signal u 'output by the reflection signal processing unit (5)'R1(t) carrying out digital acquisition to form a digital ultrasonic reflection signal u "R1(t) and, at the same time, to the ultrasonic transmission signal u 'output from the transmission signal processing unit (7)'T(t) carrying out digital acquisition to form a digital ultrasonic transmission signal u "T(t)，u"R1(t) and u "T(t) caching the data in a memory in the data acquisition unit (9) respectively according to the form of data link, and performing data exchange through an external computer system connected with the data acquisition unit (9).
2. The signal acquisition method for the ultrasonic reflection and transmission parallel detection according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting and receiving transducers (1) and (2) select different frequencies according to the material, process and structure characteristics of the composite material sandwich structure (10), the transmitting and receiving transducers (1) and (2) transmit and receive ultrasonic reflection signals and transmission signals, and the frequency is selected between 1MHz and 10 MHz.
3. A signal acquisition method for ultrasound parallel detection of reflectance and transmittance according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasound reflectance signal uR1(t) is extracted by setting the time difference Δ t to cause the gating pulse s to be selected1(t)＝s0(t+Δt)，s1(t) and s0The time difference delta t of (t) is selected according to the distance between the transmitting and receiving transducer (1) wafer and the surface of the detected composite material sandwich structure (10), and is selected between 0.1ms and 20 ms.
4. The signal acquisition method for the ultrasonic reflection-transmission parallel detection according to claim 1, wherein the signal acquisition selects a video signal acquisition mode and a radio frequency signal acquisition mode according to the material, process and structure characteristics of the composite material sandwich structure (10), and the parallel sampling rate is selected from 50MHz to 100 MHz.
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| CN1743839A (en) * | 2005-07-15 | 2006-03-08 | 华南理工大学 | Structure defect ultrasonic on-line intelligent identifying system and identifying method |
| CN105004793A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-10-28 | 中航复合材料有限责任公司 | Ultrasonic testing method used for composite material foaming structures |
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