CN108318346B - Borehole collapse pressure testing device - Google Patents
Borehole collapse pressure testing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108318346B CN108318346B CN201810377130.5A CN201810377130A CN108318346B CN 108318346 B CN108318346 B CN 108318346B CN 201810377130 A CN201810377130 A CN 201810377130A CN 108318346 B CN108318346 B CN 108318346B
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005279 excitation period Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a borehole collapse pressure testing device, which comprises a pressure kettle; a diversion plug; an axial thrust mechanism; the displacement control mechanism can move along the radial direction relative to the rigid barrel, one end of the displacement control mechanism is positioned in the pressure cavity, and the other end of the displacement control mechanism is arranged on the elastic barrel; the temperature control mechanism is used for controlling the temperature in the elastic barrel; the infrared measurement mechanism comprises a first probe arranged on the lower side of the first light transmission part and a second probe arranged on the upper side of the second light transmission part and longitudinally corresponding to the first probe, and the first probe and the second probe can synchronously move along the horizontal direction; and an inclination angle control device. The technology can monitor the mechanical and displacement information in the rock uniaxial loading test, the rock triaxial mechanical test, the rock creep mechanical test, the rock temperature-change stress loading test and other tests around the well bore.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rock mechanics experiments, in particular to a borehole collapse pressure testing device.
Background
Along with the deep development of oil gas, the vertical drilling depth is close to ten thousand meters, the lengths of open hole sections of different well types are continuously increased, the temperature environment of deep rock is obviously increased, the temperature of deep well wall rock can even reach more than 350 ℃ in the high Wen Jingzuan well process, the structure and mechanical properties of rock can be changed due to the change of rock temperature, so that the influence rule of the temperature change on the mechanical properties of the rock and damage mechanism is accurately known, the well wall strength is judged and predicted, and the well wall stability in particular in a high temperature state has important practical significance for safe drilling engineering.
The collapse pressure measurement method is more, such as indoor measurement, differential method calculation, finite element prediction and the like, but is not used for deep strata of oil fields in most cases, and particularly for deep buried high-temperature strata, no perfect and continuous test method is available at present, and the main reasons are as follows: 1. for shallow low-temperature stratum, the conventional mechanical test mode is adopted to meet the determination of physical parameters of rock, the method is mature, and the data acquisition is directly carried out by adopting mechanical test methods such as single axis, triaxial and the like; 2. along with the development of high-temperature high-pressure wells, the influence of the combined action of high temperature and high pressure on petrophysical parameters is aggravated, and the single temperature or confining pressure environment simulation cannot accurately simulate the required environment; 3. the temperature, the confining pressure and the optical test are integrated to form a complete test system, and the high integration level is required in the links of the pressure cavity, the optical probe and the like.
Therefore, a set of economic and simple indoor measurement method and device are researched, and the method and the device are urgent matters for solving the problem of research on the stability mechanics of the well wall of the deep Wen Jingzuan well.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the borehole collapse pressure testing device which is simple and visual in structure and simple and convenient to operate, can realize synchronous acquisition of optical signals in the mechanical experiment process of different well type boreholes in a temperature change state, and realize identification processing of the signals and tracking test of creep displacement, so that specific displacement information of borehole rock temperature on collapse pressure is obtained.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a wellbore collapse pressure testing device, comprising:
the pressure kettle comprises a pressure cavity and a test cavity, wherein the test cavity comprises a rigid barrel positioned in the pressure cavity and an elastic barrel positioned in the rigid barrel and capable of deforming along the radial direction;
the flow guide plug is arranged at the lower part in the elastic barrel and used for accommodating rocks, and the flow guide plug is provided with a first light transmission part;
the axial thrust mechanism is positioned on the upper side of the rock relative to the diversion plug, the axial thrust mechanism can move relative to the pressure kettle, one end of the axial thrust mechanism positioned in the pressure kettle is provided with a diversion mechanism capable of being jointed with the pressure cavity and the testing cavity, the diversion mechanism comprises a seepage channel capable of communicating the pressure cavity with the elastic barrel when the diversion mechanism is jointed with the pressure cavity and the testing cavity, and the diversion mechanism is provided with a second light transmission part;
the displacement control mechanism can move along the radial direction relative to the rigid barrel, one end of the displacement control mechanism is positioned in the pressure cavity, and the other end of the displacement control mechanism is arranged on the elastic barrel;
the temperature control mechanism is used for controlling the temperature in the elastic barrel;
the infrared measurement mechanism comprises a first probe arranged on the lower side of the first light transmission part and a second probe arranged on the upper side of the second light transmission part and longitudinally corresponding to the first probe, and the first probe and the second probe can synchronously move along the horizontal direction;
and the inclination angle control device can enable the pressure kettle to rotate so as to enable the pressure kettle to form an included angle relative to the horizontal plane.
Preferably, the pressure kettle comprises an upper cover, the axial thrust mechanism comprises an axial loading device, a thrust rod which can be in transmission connection with the axial loading device and penetrates through the upper cover, a sealing cover plate which is sealed with the upper cover is fixedly arranged at one end of the thrust rod, which is positioned in the pressure kettle, the flow guiding mechanism comprises a seepage plug which can be matched with the elastic barrel and is provided with a seepage channel, and a seepage interface which is arranged on the seepage plug, a flow guiding groove of the seepage interface is communicated with the seepage channel of the seepage plug, the seepage channel is communicated with an inner cavity of the elastic barrel, and the flow guiding groove is communicated with the pressure cavity.
Preferably, the seepage plug is provided with a protective cover at one side of the seepage plug, which is away from the rock, and the protective cover is arranged outside the first probe or the second probe.
Preferably, the pressure cavity is provided with a bottom wall, a liquid guide plug communicated with the pressure cavity is arranged on the bottom wall, and the liquid guide pipe penetrates through the bottom wall.
Preferably, the temperature control mechanism includes a heater extending upwardly from the deflector plug.
Preferably, a sealing cavity is formed between the diversion plug and the bottom wall, and the first probe or the second probe is arranged in the sealing cavity.
Preferably, the seepage interface is provided with a plurality of diversion trenches distributed along the circumferential direction on one side of the seepage interface facing the rock, and each diversion trench is communicated with the seepage channel.
Preferably, a control unit is included for controlling the axial thrust mechanism, the displacement control mechanism, the temperature control mechanism, the infrared measurement mechanism.
Preferably, the second light-transmitting portion is located between the seepage plug and the seepage interface in a radial direction.
The invention has the advantages that: the defect that the existing rock mechanical property testing device cannot measure the influence of rock temperature change on strength is overcome, the blank of borehole collapse pressure testing is filled, the collapse pressure testing device for testing the rock under different temperature changes is innovatively developed, the influence of the temperature on high-pressure rock strength is tested, particularly the influence on the rock collapse pressure around the borehole is tested, the underground borehole wall strength is further predicted and evaluated, and a guiding basis is provided for the borehole wall stability prediction of oil-gas deep wells, ultra-deep wells and high-temperature wells. The technology can monitor the mechanical and displacement information in the rock uniaxial loading test, the rock triaxial mechanical test, the rock creep mechanical test, the rock temperature-change stress loading test and other tests around the well bore.
Drawings
The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. In addition, the shapes, proportional sizes, and the like of the respective components in the drawings are merely illustrative for aiding in understanding the present invention, and are not particularly limited. Those skilled in the art with access to the teachings of the present invention can select a variety of possible shapes and scale sizes to practice the present invention as the case may be.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a borehole collapse pressure testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the axial thrust mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the autoclave;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 4;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a part of the guide mechanism.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of another part of the guide mechanism.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a rock stress test.
Reference numerals of the above drawings: 1-a pressure kettle; 2-an axial thrust mechanism; 3-an infrared measurement mechanism; 4-a guiding mechanism; 401-supporting seat; 402-a guide rail; 403-a probe clamping mechanism; 404-an electric motor; 405-a gear transmission mechanism; 5-tilt angle control mechanism; 51-a flange connecting seat; 52-a console base; 53-supporting rods; 54-hydraulic drive means; 55-screw rod; 56-a hydraulic control box; 6-a temperature control mechanism; 7-a control unit; 201-axial loading means; 202-a sealing device; 203-an upper cover; 204-seepage plugs; 205-a second light-transmitting portion; 206-a seepage interface; 207-sealing the cover plate; 208-percolation channel; 209-a protective cover; 301-a second probe; 303-interface; 101-a pressure chamber; 102-a test chamber; 103-a displacement control mechanism; 104-a diversion plug; 105-a first light-transmitting portion; 106-a first probe; 107-a drain plug; 108-rigid barrels; 109-elastic barrels; 110-heaters.
Detailed Description
The details of the invention will be more clearly understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and description of specific embodiments of the invention. However, the specific embodiments of the invention described herein are for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Given the teachings of the present invention, one of ordinary skill in the related art will contemplate any possible modification based on the present invention, and such should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, the borehole collapse pressure testing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application includes: a pressure kettle 1, wherein the pressure kettle 1 comprises a pressure cavity 101 and a test cavity 102, and the test cavity 102 comprises a rigid barrel 108 positioned in the pressure cavity 101 and an elastic barrel 109 positioned in the rigid barrel 108 and capable of deforming along the radial direction; a diversion plug 104, wherein the diversion plug 104 is arranged at the lower part in the elastic barrel 109 for accommodating rocks, and the diversion plug 104 is provided with a first light-transmitting part 105; an axial thrust mechanism 2, the axial thrust mechanism 2 is located on the upper side of the rock relative to the diversion plug 104, the axial thrust mechanism 2 can move relative to the pressure kettle 1, one end of the axial thrust mechanism 2 located in the pressure kettle 1 is provided with a diversion mechanism capable of being jointed with the pressure cavity 101 and the test cavity 102, the diversion mechanism comprises a seepage channel 208 capable of communicating between the pressure cavity 101 and the elastic barrel 109 when the seepage plug 204 is jointed with the pressure cavity 101 and the test cavity 102, and the diversion mechanism is provided with a second light transmission part 205; a displacement control mechanism 103, wherein the displacement control mechanism 103 can move along the radial direction relative to the rigid barrel 108, one end of the displacement control mechanism 103 is positioned in the pressure cavity 101, and the other end of the displacement control mechanism 103 is arranged on the elastic barrel 109; a temperature control mechanism 6, wherein the temperature control mechanism 6 is used for controlling the temperature in the elastic barrel 109; the infrared measurement mechanism 3, the infrared measurement mechanism 3 includes a first probe 106 disposed at the lower side of the first light transmission part 105 and a second probe 301 disposed at the upper side of the second light transmission part 205 and corresponding to the first probe 106 in the longitudinal direction, and the first probe 106 and the second probe 301 can move synchronously in the horizontal direction.
By means of the structure, fluid entering from the pressure cavity 101 can enter the elastic barrel 109 from the seepage channel 208 of the seepage plug 204, the fluid in the pressure cavity 101 can provide radial acting force for the elastic barrel 109 through the displacement control mechanism 103, the fluid entering the elastic barrel 109 can provide axial acting force for rock, and the temperature control mechanism 6 can control the temperature of the fluid in the elastic barrel 109 according to the temperature sensor, so that a high-temperature and high-pressure structure of the rock is constructed. The infrared measuring means 3 can also measure the rock in the elastic barrel 109.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, specifically, the autoclave 1 includes a pressure chamber 101 and a test chamber 102. The pressure chamber 101 has a top wall and a bottom wall. The top wall of the pressure chamber 101 is flanged to the upper cover 203. The bottom wall of the pressure chamber 101 may be connected to the tilt angle control mechanism 5 by a flange. The device comprises an inclination angle control device, wherein the inclination angle control device can enable the pressure kettle 1 to rotate so that the pressure kettle 1 forms an included angle relative to the horizontal plane. Specifically, the tilt angle control mechanism 5 includes a flange connection base 51, a console base 52, a support rod 53, a hydraulic driving device 54 (e.g., a jack), a screw 55, and a hydraulic control box 56, wherein the hydraulic control box 56 can control the hydraulic driving device 54 to extend or retract. The flange connection socket 51 is fixedly provided on the pressure chamber 101. One end of the supporting rod 53 is fixedly arranged on the console base 52, and the other end of the supporting rod 53 is hinged with the flange connecting seat 51. The hydraulic driving device 54 can enable the flange connecting seat 51 to drive the pressure cavity 101 to rotate relative to the supporting rod 53, so that an included angle is formed between the pressure cavity and the horizontal plane. A screw 55 is provided between the flange connection seat 51 and the console base 52 for fixing the pressure chamber 101 when the hydraulic driving device 54 is operated to a predetermined position. A drain plug 107 is also provided on the bottom wall of the pressure chamber 101, which communicates with the pressure chamber 101.
A test chamber 102 is located within the pressure chamber 101. The test chamber 102 includes a rigid tub 108 (e.g., made of steel structure) on the outside and an elastic tub 109 (e.g., made of high-deformation metal) on the inside. Wherein the rigid tub 108 is fixed to the bottom wall of the pressure chamber 101 by means of pins. The elastic tub 109 may be deformed in a radial direction.
A diversion bulkhead 104 is provided at the lower portion of the elastic barrel 109. Rock may be placed on the diversion bulkhead 104 and within the flexible barrel 109. The diversion plugs 104 and the bottom wall are provided with diversion pipes communicated with the elastic barrel 109. The draft tube may expel fluid from the flexible barrel 109.
Referring to fig. 1, the displacement control mechanism 103 is capable of moving radially with respect to the rigid tub 108, one end of the displacement control mechanism 103 is located in the pressure chamber 101, and the other end of the displacement control mechanism 103 is disposed on the elastic tub 109. The fluid within the pressure chamber 101 may exert a radial force on the resilient barrel 109 via the displacement control mechanism 103, thereby radially deforming the resilient barrel 109. The displacement control mechanism 103 further includes a displacement sensor capable of detecting the amount of deformation of the elastic barrel 109 in the radial direction.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the axial thrust mechanism 2 includes an axial loading device 201, a thrust rod that can be in transmission connection with the axial loading device 201 and is inserted through the upper cover 203, a sealing cover plate 207 that seals with the upper cover 203 is fixedly disposed at one end of the thrust rod located in the autoclave 1, and the diversion mechanism includes a seepage plug 204 and a seepage interface 206. The seepage plug 204 is connected with the seepage interface 206 through a bolt, and the seepage interface 206 is fixed on the sealing cover plate 207 through a bolt. The thrust rod is provided with a sealing device 202 which can seal an upper cover 203.
The permeate port 206 can be sealed with the upper portion of the pressure chamber 101 and the permeate plug 204 can be sealed with the upper portion of the flexible barrel 109. The seepage interface 206 is provided with a plurality of diversion trenches arranged along the circumferential direction on one side facing the rock, and each diversion trench is communicated with the seepage channel 208. The seepage channel 208 is communicated with the inner cavity of the elastic barrel 109, and the diversion trench is communicated with the pressure cavity 101. The thrust rod of the axial thrust mechanism 2 can move relative to the pressure kettle 1, so that the pressure cavity 101 is communicated with the elastic barrel 109.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the temperature control mechanism 6 may include a heater 110, a temperature sensor, a temperature display, a signal output interface 303, a resistance control valve, etc. extending upward from the flow-guiding plug 104. The temperature of the fluid inside the flexible barrel 109 may be controlled by adjusting the resistance control valve. The temperature control mechanism 6 of the present embodiment also includes a temperature sensor mounted within the percolation path 208 of the axial thrust mechanism 2. The control unit 7 is respectively connected with the signal output interface 303 and the temperature display, controls the position of the resistor control valve, adjusts the size of the heating resistor, stores temperature data and displays the current temperature value.
In this embodiment, the seepage plug 204 is provided with a protective cover 209 on its side facing away from the rock, the protective cover 209 being provided outside the infrared measuring device 3. A chamber is formed between the diversion plug 104 and the bottom wall, and the infrared measurement mechanism 3 is arranged in the chamber.
Referring to fig. 1, the first probe 106 is disposed below the first light transmitting portion 105. The second probe 301 is disposed on the upper side of the second light transmitting portion 205. Wherein the first probe 106 and the second probe 301 are correspondingly arranged along the longitudinal direction. In the present embodiment, the number of the first probe 106 and the second probe 301 is four. Of course, in other alternative embodiments, the number of first probes 106 and second probes 301 may be other corresponding ones.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the infrared measurement mechanism 3 further includes a guide mechanism 4, where the guide mechanism 4 includes a guide rail 402, a probe clamping mechanism 403 movably disposed on the guide rail 402 along an extending direction of the guide rail 402, and a motor 404 having an output shaft, the probe clamping mechanism 403 may clamp the first probe 106 or the second probe 301, and the output shaft of the motor 404 and the probe clamping mechanism 403 may be engaged through a gear transmission mechanism 405, so as to drive the first probe 106 or the second probe 301 to move along the guide rail 402. Preferably, each of the guide rails 402 may be disposed on a ring-shaped support 401.
The embodiment of the application further comprises a control unit 7, wherein the control unit 7 is used for controlling the axial thrust mechanism 2, the displacement control mechanism 103, the temperature control mechanism 6 and the infrared measurement mechanism 3. Specifically, the control unit 7 includes a signal receiving and converting module, a computer, and processing software, and can implement measurement and control of temperature, pressure, displacement, infrared probe, and tilt angle during the test.
The aim and the technical problems of the invention can be further realized by adopting the following technical measures.
The test probe radial displacement control device is divided into a rock mechanical pressure cavity 101 and an axial thrust mechanism 2, a gear transmission system in the test probe radial displacement control device synchronously displaces, and 4 (not limited to 4) infrared probes are arranged on each test probe radial displacement control device.
The whole testing device is a sealed container, and the medium in the liquid storage tank is not limited to water.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a collapse pressure testing method for testing rock under different temperature changes comprises the following steps:
step 1: the rock of the well bore is manufactured into a circular ring shape according to the installation size of the test cavity 102, and is installed in the test cavity 102, and a glass bottom plate, a seepage plug 204, a test probe radial displacement control device, an infrared receiving probe and a heating system are installed at the bottom end of the test cavity 102; the lower end of the axial thrust mechanism 2 is provided with a seepage plug 204 and a glass cover plate, and the infrared emission probe radial displacement control device, the infrared emission probe and the temperature test probe are fixed in a sealing area formed by the glass cover plate and the upper cover 203; the radial displacement control device of the test probe can realize that the infrared test probe moves along the radial direction of the rock pressure cavity 101, and the radial displacement control device of the test probe is connected with the infrared test pressure head through bolts; the axial thrust mechanism 2 can apply axial thrust and generate axial displacement; the test cavity 102 is made of an expansion material, and can transmit the liquid pressure of the pressure cavity 101 to generate axial pressure on the test cavity 102; the sealing base of the rock mechanics experiment machine is arranged on the inclination angle control console through a flange, so that the testing requirements of different borehole inclinations are met;
step 2: the positions of the infrared transmitting probe and the receiving probe are adjusted, so that the infrared light beams emitted by the infrared transmitting probe can be tightly attached to the inner annular wall surface of the rock of the well bore and are not blocked, and the infrared receiving probe can clearly receive signals;
step 3: adjusting the tilt angle of the tilt angle console; adjusting a temperature testing and controlling device, heating the liquid in the liquid storage tank to reach a preset temperature value, and recording the radial position X1 displayed by the radial displacement controlling device of the testing probe;
step 4: pressurizing the rock in the well bore, pumping liquid into the liquid guide plug 107 through the liquid inlet pump, increasing the pressure in the pressure cavity 101 to a preset pressure, and recording the radial position X2 displayed by the radial displacement control device of the test probe when the temperature test probe in the upper cover 203 reaches a stable temperature;
step 5: adjusting a built-in heater 110 in a pressure cavity 101 of the rock mechanics experiment machine to heat an internal medium, enabling the temperature in a test cavity 102 to reach a preset temperature T1, exciting an infrared emission probe at intervals of a time excitation period T, enabling the temperature to rise, reducing the diameter of a rock in a well hole, blocking an infrared receiving probe, automatically adjusting and synchronously adjusting a radial displacement control device of the test probe in an upper cavity sealing pressure head and a lower cavity sealing pressure head, moving towards the center direction of the well hole, shifting by delta S each time, after the first shifting, enabling the infrared receiving probe to receive an infrared signal, stopping shifting, and recording the shifting S1=I.delta S; continuing with the heating, the displacements S2, S3, …, SN are also recorded.
The test procedure provided in this example is as follows:
(1) The borehole rock is made into an annular structure of the borehole according to the test requirements and placed into the rock pressure chamber 101.
(2) And (5) the inclination angle control console is modulated to set the inclination angle to be fixed.
(3) And (3) regulating the heating furnace, heating the medium in the liquid outlet pipe to a set temperature, and opening the confining pressure liquid inlet system.
(4) The position of the infrared probe on the radial displacement control device of the test probe is adjusted through the synchronous acquisition and processing system of data, so that the infrared rays are not blocked by the side wall of the rock and cling to the side wall of the rock, and the position of the probe is recorded.
(5) Pressurization is performed.
(6) Likewise, the position of the infrared probe is adjusted, the infrared rays are not blocked by the side wall of the rock, the infrared rays are tightly attached to the side wall of the rock, and the position of the probe is recorded.
(7) Heating is performed.
(8) Likewise, the position of the infrared probe is adjusted, the infrared rays are not blocked by the side wall of the rock, the infrared rays are tightly attached to the side wall of the rock, and the position of the probe is recorded.
(9) After the experiment is finished, oil is discharged.
(10) And opening the triaxial chamber, taking the device out of the test bed, and discharging engineering liquid.
Referring to fig. 8, the advantages of the present invention are: the defect that the existing rock mechanical property testing device cannot measure the influence of rock temperature change on strength is overcome, the blank of borehole collapse pressure testing is filled, the collapse pressure testing device for testing the rock under different temperature changes is innovatively developed, the influence of the temperature on high-pressure rock strength is tested, particularly the influence on the rock collapse pressure around the borehole is tested, the underground borehole wall strength is further predicted and evaluated, and a guiding basis is provided for the borehole wall stability prediction of oil-gas deep wells, ultra-deep wells and high-temperature wells. The technology can monitor the mechanical and displacement information in the rock uniaxial loading test, the rock triaxial mechanical test, the rock creep mechanical test, the rock temperature-change stress loading test and other tests around the well bore.
The method can be suitable for synchronously monitoring the collapse pressure of the rock in a constant temperature state, simultaneously is suitable for synchronously measuring the collapse pressure of the rock around the well drilling hole in different temperature and pressure environments, simultaneously is suitable for synchronously measuring the collapse pressure of the rock around the well drilling hole in different well type (vertical well, horizontal well and directional well) in different temperature and pressure environments, and can solve the stability prediction of the well drilling hole in a high temperature and high pressure state.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described by differences from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to be referred to each other.
The above embodiments are provided to illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the same, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be construed to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A wellbore collapse pressure testing device, comprising:
the pressure kettle comprises a pressure cavity and a test cavity, wherein the test cavity comprises a rigid barrel positioned in the pressure cavity and an elastic barrel positioned in the rigid barrel and capable of deforming along the radial direction;
the flow guide plug is arranged at the lower part in the elastic barrel and used for accommodating rocks, and the flow guide plug is provided with a first light transmission part;
the axial thrust mechanism is positioned on the upper side of the rock relative to the diversion plug, the axial thrust mechanism can move relative to the pressure kettle, one end of the axial thrust mechanism positioned in the pressure kettle is provided with a diversion mechanism capable of being jointed with the pressure cavity and the testing cavity, the diversion mechanism comprises a seepage channel capable of communicating the pressure cavity with the elastic barrel when the diversion mechanism is jointed with the pressure cavity and the testing cavity, and the diversion mechanism is provided with a second light transmission part;
the displacement control mechanism can move along the radial direction relative to the rigid barrel, one end of the displacement control mechanism is positioned in the pressure cavity, and the other end of the displacement control mechanism is arranged on the elastic barrel;
the temperature control mechanism is used for controlling the temperature in the elastic barrel;
the infrared measurement mechanism comprises a first probe arranged on the lower side of the first light transmission part and a second probe arranged on the upper side of the second light transmission part and longitudinally corresponding to the first probe, and the first probe and the second probe can synchronously move along the horizontal direction;
and the inclination angle control device can enable the pressure kettle to rotate so as to enable the pressure kettle to form an included angle relative to the horizontal plane.
2. The device for testing the collapse pressure of the well bore according to claim 1, wherein the pressure kettle comprises an upper cover, the axial thrust mechanism comprises an axial loading device and a thrust rod which can be in transmission connection with the axial loading device and penetrates through the upper cover, one end of the thrust rod in the pressure kettle is fixedly provided with a sealing cover plate which is sealed with the upper cover, the diversion mechanism comprises a seepage plug which can be matched with the elastic barrel and is provided with a seepage channel, and a seepage interface which is arranged on the seepage plug, a diversion groove of the seepage interface is communicated with the seepage channel of the seepage plug, the seepage channel is communicated with the inner cavity of the elastic barrel, and the diversion groove is communicated with the pressure cavity.
3. The wellbore collapse pressure testing device according to claim 1, wherein the axial thrust mechanism comprises a seepage plug provided with a protective cover on a side thereof facing away from the rock, the protective cover being provided outside the second probe.
4. The wellbore collapse pressure testing device according to claim 1, wherein the pressure chamber has a bottom wall, a liquid guiding plug is arranged on the bottom wall and communicated with the pressure chamber, and a guiding pipe penetrates through the bottom wall.
5. The wellbore collapse pressure testing device according to claim 1, wherein the temperature control mechanism comprises a heater extending upward from the diverter plug.
6. The wellbore collapse pressure testing device according to claim 4, wherein a sealed chamber is provided between the diverter plug and the bottom wall, the first probe being disposed within the sealed chamber.
7. The wellbore collapse pressure testing device according to claim 1, wherein the axial thrust mechanism comprises a seepage interface, the seepage interface is provided with a plurality of diversion trenches arranged along the circumferential direction on one side of the seepage interface facing the rock, and each diversion trench is communicated with a seepage channel.
8. The wellbore collapse pressure testing device according to claim 1, comprising a control unit for controlling the axial thrust mechanism, the displacement control mechanism, the temperature control mechanism and the infrared measurement mechanism.
9. The wellbore collapse pressure testing device according to claim 2, wherein the second light-transmitting portion is located radially between the seepage plug and the seepage interface.
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