CN108311704A - A kind of precision casting production technology - Google Patents
A kind of precision casting production technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN108311704A CN108311704A CN201810004597.5A CN201810004597A CN108311704A CN 108311704 A CN108311704 A CN 108311704A CN 201810004597 A CN201810004597 A CN 201810004597A CN 108311704 A CN108311704 A CN 108311704A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of precision casting production technology, specific steps：Corresponding model is made according to the design size of workpiece；Fresh sand, old sand, resin and the abundant mixed grind of curing agent are obtained into resin sand；Back-up sand is carried out using the model and the resin sand to pound reality, molding repairing type, swabbing, sand core processed, lower core mould assembly step, obtains resin bonded sand mould；Iron ore, steel scrap, foundry return, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese are put into 1500 DEG C of smelting furnace, iron liquid is made, iron liquid obtains potting syrup by spheroidization and inoculation, potting syrup is injected resin bonded sand mould, obtains casting, be heat-treated recently to casting.The elemental composition that this technique passes through control potting syrup, optimize the interior tissue ingredient of casting, pass through the Composition Control of nodulizer and inovulant, can detecting spheroidization rate of casting piece be improved, the number of graphite increases, the mechanical performance of casting is improved, heat treatment can eliminate casting internal stress and improve cast structure structure to improve the mechanical performance of casting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the castings production techniques in casting, more particularly to a kind of precision casting production technology.
Background technology
Currently, the obtained casting tensile strength of general casting technique is in 370MPa or so, elongation percentage 12% or so, this
Kind casting can meet general use demand, but in use, being easily damaged under some adverse circumstances.It is severe for some
The casting used in environment needs have higher requirement to the mechanical performance of casting, to meet casting machine in the presence of a harsh environment
Stable operation and longer service life.
Invention content
The present invention is directed to solve above-mentioned technical problem at least to a certain extent.For this purpose, the present invention proposes that one kind making casting
There is the precision casting production technology of more preferable mechanical performance.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of precision casting production technology,
(1) moulding：
A, modelling makes corresponding model according to the design size of workpiece；
Fresh sand, old sand, resin and the abundant mixed grind of curing agent are obtained resin sand by b, resin sand processed；
C, sand mold processed, using the model and the resin sand carry out back-up sand pound reality, molding repairing type, swabbing, sand core processed,
Lower core mould assembly step, obtains resin bonded sand mould；
(2) smelting and pouring：
A, iron ore, steel scrap, foundry return, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese are put into 1500 DEG C of smelting furnace, iron liquid chemical composition obtained
Percentage is：C：1.21-1.56%；Si：1.7-2.0%；Mn：0.3-0.5%；S：0.03-0.04%, P：0.05-0.06%,
Cr：0.7-0.86%；Remaining is Fe；
B, spheroidization and inoculation, the iron liquid carries out spheroidization and inoculation by nodulizer and inovulant and handles to obtain potting syrup, described
Nodulizer accounts for the 1% of potting syrup total amount, and inovulant accounts for the 0.18% of potting syrup total amount；
The nodulizer ingredient is：Re:2-2.88%；Ba:3-4.22%；Si：41-46%；Mg：7.8-8.4%；Y：
2.1-2.4%；Sc：0.2-0.3%；Mn：0.2-0.8%；Ca：2.0-5.0%；Al：0.1-0.3%；Surplus is Fe；
The inovulant ingredient is：Re：0.7-1.3%；Mg：3.2-4.3%；Ca：3.3-5.4%；Ba：2.3-4.5%；
Mn：2.5-3.0%；Cr：2.2-3.3%；Sb：0.04-0.18%；Si：48-55%；Surplus is Fe；
C, it pours into a mould, the potting syrup is poured into a mould toward the resin bonded sand mould made from step (1), obtains spray；
(3) it is heat-treated：
The spray is heated slowly to 550 DEG C and keeps the temperature 4-6 hours, slowly cools to 200 DEG C so by a, casting annealing
Natural cooling afterwards.
Further, the resin nitrogen content is less than 3%.
Further, the fresh sand ingredient：SiO2 >=96%；Shui Fen≤0.2%.
Further, the new fineness of sand 30-50 mesh.
Further, spheroidization and inoculation is as follows in the step (2)：
A, the nodulizer for being mixed with iron filings is added first into bull ladle, the inovulant that granularity is 3-8mm is added after compacting, breeds
Agent addition is 2/3rds of total incubation dose, then covers a little iron filings, is finally covered tightly with perlite, prevents nodularization from detonating
Soon；
B, potting syrup is rapidly injected bull ladle and notes to 2/3rds of total amount, is added when spheroidizing reacion draws to an end remaining
Inovulant and the remaining potting syrup of after-teeming.
Further, pouring temperature is more than 1300 DEG C in the step (2).
Further, the fresh sand, old sand, resin mass ratio be 10：100：1.2-2.0 the curing agent addition is
The 30-40% of weight resin.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：By controlling the elemental composition of potting syrup, optimizes the interior tissue ingredient of casting, reach
Purpose to optimization casting mechanical performance can make detecting spheroidization rate of casting piece improve by the Composition Control of nodulizer and inovulant,
The number of graphite increases, and improves the mechanical performance of casting, and heat treatment can eliminate casting internal stress and improve cast structure knot
Structure improves the mechanical performance of casting.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of sand mold formative technology of the present invention, includes the following steps：
(1) moulding：
A, modelling makes corresponding model according to the design size of workpiece；
Fresh sand, old sand, resin and the abundant mixed grind of curing agent are obtained resin sand by b, resin sand processed；It is the fresh sand, old
Sand, resin mass ratio be 10：100：1.2-2.0, the curing agent addition are the 30-40% of weight resin, the resin
Nitrogen content is less than 3%, reduces resin gas forming amount, and product output stomata and workshop condition is avoided to pollute；The fresh sand ingredient：SiO2
>=96%；Shui Fen≤0.2%；The new fineness of sand 30-50 mesh, usually used new fineness of sand is 50-70 mesh, but 50-70
Purpose fresh sand is lost greatly during recycling, and dust is more, and the fresh sand of 30-50 mesh can be effectively improved the above problem.
C, sand mold processed, using the model and the resin sand carry out back-up sand pound reality, molding repairing type, swabbing, sand core processed,
Lower core mould assembly step, obtains resin bonded sand mould；
(2) smelting and pouring：
A, iron ore, steel scrap, foundry return, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese are put into 1500 DEG C of smelting furnace, iron liquid chemical composition obtained
Percentage is：C：1.21-1.56%；Si：1.7-2.0%；Mn：0.3-0.5%；S：0.03-0.04%, P：0.05-0.06%,
Cr：0.7-0.86%；Remaining is Fe；
B, spheroidization and inoculation, the iron liquid carries out spheroidization and inoculation by nodulizer and inovulant and handles to obtain potting syrup, described
Nodulizer accounts for the 1% of potting syrup total amount, and inovulant accounts for the 0.18% of potting syrup total amount；Specifically, spheroidising uses dam-type
Method processing is poured, the area in dykes and dams is the 50% of packet floor space；Bull ladle cylinder-packing must not have phenomena such as crackle, peeling, accumulated slag, make
Red heat must be baked to firewood or other methods before, then through iron liquid preheating one to nodularization use can be carried out more than twice；It is accurate
Spheroidization and inoculation processing is proceeded by after standby job done, and the nodulizer for being mixed with iron filings is added first into bull ladle, is added after compacting
Granularity is the inovulant of 4mm, and innoculant adding quantity is 2/3rds of total incubation dose, then covers a little iron filings, finally uses treasure
Pearl laccolith is tight, prevents nodularization detonation too fast；Potting syrup is then rapidly injected bull ladle to note to 2/3rds of total amount, waits for that nodularization is anti-
Remaining inovulant and after-teeming remaining potting syrup are added when should draw to an end.
The nodulizer ingredient is：Re:2-2.88%；Ba:3-4.22%；Si：41-46%；Mg：7.8-8.4%；Y：
2.1-2.4%；Sc：0.2-0.3%；Mn：0.2-0.8%；Ca：2.0-5.0%；Al：0.1-0.3%；Surplus is Fe；
The inovulant ingredient is：Re：0.7-1.3%；Mg：3.2-4.3%；Ca：3.3-5.4%；Ba：2.3-4.5%；
Mn：2.5-3.0%；Cr：2.2-3.3%；Sb：0.04-0.18%；Si：48-55%；Surplus is Fe；
Make nodulizer that there is higher boiling containing thulium Y, Sc in the nodulizer of the present invention, anti-nodularization can be inhibited
The advantages of element disturbance acts on, the elements such as addition Mn, Al, prevents nodulizer from floating to iron liquid surface and is burned off, advantageous nodularization.
The inovulant of the present invention contains the elements such as Si, can generate stable carbide, can avoid because of duration of pouring mistake
Long and generation inoculation fade phenomenon.It is added significantly to the number of graphite ball of spheroidal graphite cast-iron by the cooperation of Ca and Ba, improves casting
The matrix and mechanical property of iron, especially elongation percentage are significantly improved.
C, it pours into a mould, the potting syrup is poured into a mould toward the resin bonded sand mould made from step (1), spray is obtained, pours into a mould
Temperature is more than 1300 DEG C；
(3) it is heat-treated：
The spray is heated slowly to 550 DEG C and keeps the temperature 4-6 hours, slowly cools to 200 DEG C so by a, casting annealing
Afterwards natural cooling or by spray be heated to 850 DEG C or so keep the temperature 6-8 hours, then blow-on allows casting in open air ring
Natural cooling in border, to achieve the purpose that eliminate casting internal stress or improve institutional framework.
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to examples.
Embodiment one：
It is spare according to the corresponding model of the design size of workpiece making, then fresh sand, old sand, resin and curing agent are filled
Point mixed grind obtains resin sand, fresh sand, old sand, resin mass ratio be 10：100：1.2, curing agent addition is weight resin
30%, resin nitrogen content is less than 3%；30 mesh of new fineness of sand.Then using model and resin sand carry out back-up sand pound it is real, play die repair
Type, swabbing, sand core processed, lower core mould assembly step obtain resin bonded sand mould, complete formative technology.
On the other hand, iron ore, steel scrap, foundry return, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese are put into 1500 DEG C of smelting furnace, iron liquid obtained
Chemical composition percentage is：C：3.5%；Si：1.7%；Mn：0.3%；S：0.03%, P：0.05%, Cr：0.7%；Remaining is
Fe.Iron liquid carries out spheroidization and inoculation by nodulizer and inovulant and handles to obtain potting syrup, and nodulizer accounts for the 1% of potting syrup total amount,
Inovulant accounts for the 0.18% of potting syrup total amount.Nodulizer ingredient is：Re:2%；Ba:3%；Si：41%；Mg：7.8%；Y：
2.1%；Sc：0.2%；Mn：0.2%；Ca：2.0%；Al：0.1%；Surplus is Fe.Inovulant ingredient is：Re：0.7%；Mg：
3.2%；Ca：3.3%；Ba：2.3%；Mn：2.5%；Cr：2.2%；Sb：0.04%；Si：48%；Surplus is Fe.It is poured into a mould
Potting syrup is poured into a mould toward resin bonded sand mould obtained after liquid, obtains spray.Finally casting is heat-treated, by spray
It is heated slowly to 550 DEG C and keeps the temperature 4 hours, slowly cool to 200 DEG C of then natural coolings.The casting tension that process above obtains is strong
Degree is in 650MPa or so, and elongation percentage is 22%.
Embodiment two：
It is spare according to the corresponding model of the design size of workpiece making, then fresh sand, old sand, resin and curing agent are filled
Point mixed grind obtains resin sand, fresh sand, old sand, resin mass ratio be 10：100：2.0, curing agent addition is weight resin
40%, resin nitrogen content is less than 3%；50 mesh of new fineness of sand.Then using model and resin sand carry out back-up sand pound it is real, play die repair
Type, swabbing, sand core processed, lower core mould assembly step obtain resin bonded sand mould, complete formative technology.
On the other hand, iron ore, steel scrap, foundry return, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese are put into 1500 DEG C of smelting furnace, iron liquid obtained
Chemical composition percentage is：C：3.76%；Si：2.0%；Mn：0.5%；S：0.04%, P：0.06%, Cr：0.86%；Remaining
For Fe.Iron liquid carries out spheroidization and inoculation by nodulizer and inovulant and handles to obtain potting syrup, and nodulizer accounts for potting syrup total amount
1%, inovulant accounts for the 0.18% of potting syrup total amount.Nodulizer ingredient is：Re:2.88%；Ba:4.22%；Si：46%；Mg：
8.4%；Y：2.4%；Sc：0.3%；Mn：0.8%；Ca：5.0%；Al：0.3%；Surplus is Fe；Inovulant ingredient is：Re：
1.3%；Mg：4.3%；Ca：5.4%；Ba：4.5%；Mn：3.0%；Cr：3.3%；Sb：0.18%；Si：55%；Remaining is Fe.
Potting syrup is poured into a mould toward resin bonded sand mould obtained after obtaining potting syrup, obtains spray.Finally casting is heat-treated, it will
Spray is heated slowly to 550 DEG C and keeps the temperature 6 hours, slowly cools to 200 DEG C of then natural coolings.The casting that process above obtains
Part tensile strength is in 670MPa or so, and elongation percentage is 25%.
Embodiment three：
It is spare according to the corresponding model of the design size of workpiece making, then fresh sand, old sand, resin and curing agent are filled
Point mixed grind obtains resin sand, fresh sand, old sand, resin mass ratio be 10：100：1.7, curing agent addition is weight resin
34%, resin nitrogen content is less than 3%；40 mesh of new fineness of sand.Then using model and resin sand carry out back-up sand pound it is real, play die repair
Type, swabbing, sand core processed, lower core mould assembly step obtain resin bonded sand mould, complete formative technology.
On the other hand, iron ore, steel scrap, foundry return, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese are put into 1500 DEG C of smelting furnace, iron liquid obtained
Chemical composition percentage is：C：3.62%；Si：1.87%；Mn：0.39%；S：0.037%, P：0.055%, Cr：0.78%；
Remaining is Fe.Iron liquid carries out spheroidization and inoculation by nodulizer and inovulant and handles to obtain potting syrup, and nodulizer accounts for potting syrup total amount
1%, inovulant accounts for the 0.18% of potting syrup total amount.Nodulizer ingredient is：Re:2.55%；Ba:3.88%；Si：45%；Mg：
8.23%；Y：2.24%；Sc：0.27%；Mn：0.5%；Ca：3.75%；Al：0.22%；Surplus is Fe；Inovulant ingredient is：
Re：0.88%；Mg：3.78%；Ca：3.99%；Ba：3.55%；Mn：2.67%；Cr：2.77%；Sb：0.09%；Si：
49%；Remaining is Fe.Potting syrup is poured into a mould toward resin bonded sand mould obtained after obtaining potting syrup, obtains spray.Finally to casting
It is heat-treated, spray, which is heated slowly to 550 DEG C, keeps the temperature 5 hours, slowly cools to 200 DEG C of then natural coolings.With
The casting tensile strength that upper technique obtains is in 662MPa or so, and elongation percentage is 24%.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and is not intended to limit it, all without departing from the present invention
Any modification of spirit and scope or equivalent replacement, shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of precision casting production technology, it is characterised in that include the following steps：
(1) moulding：
A, modelling makes corresponding model according to the design size of workpiece；
Fresh sand, old sand, resin and the abundant mixed grind of curing agent are obtained resin sand by b, resin sand processed；
C, sand mold processed carries out back-up sand using the model and the resin sand and pounds reality, molding repairing type, swabbing, sand core processed, lower core
Mould assembly step, obtains resin bonded sand mould；
(2) smelting and pouring：
A, iron ore, steel scrap, foundry return, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese are put into 1500 DEG C of smelting furnace, iron liquid chemical composition percentage obtained
Than for：C：1.21-1.56%；Si：1.7-2.0%；Mn：0.3-0.5%；S：0.03-0.04%, P：0.05-0.06%, Cr：
0.7-0.86%；Remaining is Fe；
B, spheroidization and inoculation, the iron liquid carry out spheroidization and inoculation by nodulizer and inovulant and handle to obtain potting syrup, the nodularization
Agent accounts for the 1% of potting syrup total amount, and inovulant accounts for the 0.18% of potting syrup total amount；
The nodulizer ingredient is：Re:2-2.88%；Ba:3-4.22%；Si：41-46%；Mg：7.8-8.4%；Y：2.1-
2.4%；Sc：0.2-0.3%；Mn：0.2-0.8%；Ca：2.0-5.0%；Al：0.1-0.3%；Surplus is Fe；
The inovulant ingredient is：Re：0.7-1.3%；Mg：3.2-4.3%；Ca：3.3-5.4%；Ba：2.3-4.5%；Mn：
2.5-3.0%；Cr：2.2-3.3%；Sb：0.04-0.18%；Si：48-55%；Surplus is Fe；
C, it pours into a mould, the potting syrup is poured into a mould toward resin bonded sand mould made from step (1), obtains spray；
(3) it is heat-treated：
The spray is heated slowly to 550 DEG C and keeps the temperature 4-6 hours, slowly cools to 200 DEG C then certainly by a, casting annealing
It is so cooling.
2. precision casting production technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The resin nitrogen content is less than 3%.
3. precision casting production technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fresh sand ingredient：SiO2>=96%；
Shui Fen≤0.2%.
4. precision casting production technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The new fineness of sand 30-50 mesh.
5. precision casting production technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Spheroidization and inoculation has in the step (2)
Steps are as follows for body：
A, the nodulizer for being mixed with iron filings is added first into bull ladle, the inovulant that granularity is 3-8mm is added after compacting, inovulant adds
Enter 2/3rds that amount is total incubation dose, then cover a little iron filings, finally covered tightly with perlite, prevents nodularization detonation too fast；
B, potting syrup is rapidly injected bull ladle and notes to 2/3rds of total amount, and remaining breed is added when spheroidizing reacion draws to an end
Agent and the remaining potting syrup of after-teeming.
6. precision casting production technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Pouring temperature is big in the step (2)
In 1300 DEG C.
7. precision casting production technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The quality of the fresh sand, old sand, resin
Than being 10：100：1.2-2.0, the curing agent addition are the 30-40% of weight resin.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111705177A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-09-25 | 合肥江淮铸造有限责任公司 | Inoculant for anti-fading synthesis of nodular cast iron |
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