CN108303068B - Variable-focus angle-adjustable peeping inclinometer and monitoring method - Google Patents
Variable-focus angle-adjustable peeping inclinometer and monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108303068B CN108303068B CN201810177602.2A CN201810177602A CN108303068B CN 108303068 B CN108303068 B CN 108303068B CN 201810177602 A CN201810177602 A CN 201810177602A CN 108303068 B CN108303068 B CN 108303068B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/14—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measurement of pressure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a variable-focus angle-adjustable peeping inclinometer and a monitoring method, comprising an inclinometer, a monitoring slide bar, a data transmission cable and a miniature recorder, and a guiding and lifting device, wherein the inclinometer is a transparent PVC pipe with two groups of guide rail grooves, the monitoring slide bar comprises the inclinometer, a variable-focus pinhole camera, a water level monitor, a damping device, an angle adjusting device and a directional guide wheel, the guiding and lifting device comprises a support frame, a bearing ring, a directional pulley, a hand-operated wire winder and the miniature recorder, the monitoring slide bar is connected with the guiding and lifting device through the data transmission cable, and slides up and down along the inclinometer device through the directional guide wheels at two sides of the guiding and lifting device. The invention overcomes the defects that the prior inclinometer can only measure the displacement in two fixed directions, has high labor intensity, low efficiency, poor precision and the like, and provides the monitoring device which can simultaneously measure the displacement in a plurality of angles in the slope rock-soil body, the water level in the slope body and the deformation of the borehole wall, lighten the labor intensity of testers and improve the working efficiency and the measuring precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of strip mine slope stability research, and provides a variable-focus and angle-adjustable peeping inclinometer and a monitoring method.
Background
With the development and utilization of shallow mineral resources, deep open-pit mines become the development trend of open-pit mines in China, and with the increase of slope heights and the steepening of slope angles in the open-pit mining process, on one hand, mineral resources can be extracted as much as possible, and on the other hand, the risk of unstable and slumped open-pit slopes is increased continuously. Once the slope collapse accident occurs in the surface mine, the mine is subjected to irrecoverable economic loss, and the casualties of workers are also caused when the mine is serious, and slope monitoring is an important means for guaranteeing the slope stability of the surface mine and exploring the slope sliding mechanism.
Monitoring the displacement of the interior of the rock mass of the slope of the surface mining, the height of the water line and the change rate of the water line and the water line is one of indexes for judging whether the stability of the slope in the mining production process meets the safety production. Due to the complexity of the movement deformation of the slope rock mass, not only the displacement perpendicular to the direction of the slope mass, but also the displacement at a certain angle with the slope mass. The existing sliding inclinometer can monitor the horizontal movement and deformation of the inside of rock mass such as earth-rock dams, surface mines, mountain slopes and the like, but has the following defects: (1) Displacement monitoring in the vertical slope direction and the parallel slope direction can only be realized, and rock mass displacement monitoring in any angle cannot be realized; (2) The test process can only adopt a manual hand-held mode, the depth of the monitoring holes of the strip mine is more in the range of 60-200 m, the strip mine monitoring holes belong to high-strength manual labor, the time consumption is long, the environmental impact is large, and the data stability is greatly influenced by the physical ability of monitoring staff; (3) The deformation condition of the concrete azimuth inside the drilling hole can not be simultaneously realized by monitoring the water level value in the side slope body. Based on this patent provides a variable-focus adjustable angle peeping inclinometer and monitoring method, improves and sublimates original slidingtype inclinometer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects that the conventional inclinometer only can measure displacement in two fixed directions, has high labor intensity, low efficiency, poor precision and the like, and provides a monitoring device which can simultaneously measure displacement in a plurality of angles in a slope rock-soil body and water level in the slope body and borehole wall deformation, lighten the labor intensity of testers and improve the working efficiency and the measuring precision.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a variable-focus adjustable angle peeks at inclinometer, includes the inclinometer, monitors the slide bar, leads hoisting device, data transmission cable and miniature record appearance, the monitor slide bar is connected with leading hoisting device through data transmission cable, slides from top to bottom along inclinometer device through its both sides directional guide pulley.
The inclinometer is characterized in that the inclinometer is a transparent PVC pipe with two groups of guide rail grooves, the transparent PVC pipe consists of a pipe body and an end, and the PVC pipes are connected through nested nuts, so that the requirements of different monitoring depths and peeping on deformation of the wall of a drilling hole can be met.
The monitoring slide bar comprises an inclinometer, a water level monitor, a zoom pinhole camera, a damping device, an angle adjusting device and a directional guide wheel. The inclinometer is a hollow metal rod piece, an inclinometer pendulum bob is arranged in the rod piece, the arrangement of the inclinometer pendulum bob is consistent with that of the existing sliding inclinometer, and monitoring signals are uploaded to the miniature recorder through a data transmission cable; the water level monitor is a static pressure liquid level sensor, is arranged at the bottom of the hollow metal rod piece, and monitors data are uploaded to the miniature recorder through the data transmission cable; the zoom pinhole camera is internally arranged in the damping cushion block, the image information is uploaded to the miniature recorder through the data transmission cable, a hole is reserved at the zoom pinhole camera, and cold light lamps are arranged at the periphery of the hole; the damping device is a rubber damping cushion block and is connected with the bottom of the inclinometer through bolts; the angle adjusting device consists of 2 rolling bearings and locking bolts, wherein dense threaded holes are drilled in the outer ring and the inner ring of the rolling bearing, an included angle of 5 degrees is formed between two adjacent holes and the center of the rolling bearing, the threaded holes are distributed in half of the outer ring and the inner ring of the rolling bearing, the first threaded hole angle is marked as 0 degrees, the last threaded hole angle is marked as 180 degrees, the locking bolts are matched with the dense threaded holes, the position fixing of the inner ring and the outer ring at different angles is realized, the inner ring of the rolling bearing is welded with an inclinometer through a metal thin rod, and the swinging plane of a pendulum bob in the inclinometer and the axis of the 0-degree threaded hole are ensured to be in the same plane during welding; the directional guide wheel is positioned at the outer side of the angle adjusting device and is welded with the outer ring of the rolling bearing.
The guiding lifting device comprises a supporting frame, a bearing ring, a directional pulley and a hand-operated wire winding device, wherein the supporting frame is composed of three metal brackets, the bearing ring is a combined metal rod, the height of the metal bracket is adjustable through a locking screw, and the bearing ring is hinged with the metal brackets at the trisection points. The directional pulley is welded with the bearing ring through a metal rod. The hand-operated wire winding device consists of a wire winding disc and a hand-operated rod, and can rotate to lift the cable.
The miniature recorder is provided with a display screen, is connected with the tail end of the data transmission cable, and reads and stores data and images measured by the comprehensive monitoring device.
A variable-focus and angle-adjustable peeping inclinometer and a monitoring method thereof comprise the following steps:
a. lowering inclinometer pipe
And (3) constructing monitoring drilling holes on the slope platform according to the monitoring requirements, lowering transparent PVC pipes after the drilling construction is finished, and sequentially connecting the PVC pipes in the lowering process, so that the maximum depth of the drilling holes is reached after the connection of the PVC pipes, and the two groups of guide rail grooves on the inner side of the PVC pipes are parallel and perpendicular to the trend of the slope platform.
b. Install direction hoisting device
According to the height of the exposed platform of the PVC pipe, the height of the supporting frame is adjusted, and the directional pulley is positioned at the center of the PVC pipe; one end of the data transmission cable is connected with the monitoring slide bar, and the other end of the data transmission cable is connected with the miniature recorder through a branching port of the hand-operated wire winding device.
c. Angle adjustment
According to the monitoring requirement, the angle adjusting device is rotated to a preset angle and fixed by a locking bolt, wherein the adjustable angle is 0 degree, 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 15 degrees, … … degrees, 175 degrees and 180 degrees.
d. Displacement, water level, deformation monitoring
The monitoring slide bar is placed in a transparent PVC pipe, the directional guide wheel on the monitoring slide bar is placed in a groove of a guide rail of the PVC pipe, the monitoring slide bar is placed at the bottom of a hole, the monitoring slide bar is lifted up by a rotating hand-operated wire winding device for 5 seconds, and data and image information are recorded once by a miniature recorder every 0.5m lifting.
e. Data processing
And connecting the miniature recorder with a computer, deriving recorded data and images, and processing and analyzing to obtain the displacement, the water level pressure value and the deformation of the side slope body corresponding to different elevations.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can carry out the measurement of displacement in different directions at multiple angles, can clearly show the change of drilling form caused by displacement, and avoids the defect that the traditional inclinometer can only measure displacement in the parallel slope direction or the vertical slope direction;
2. the invention can realize the measurement of the underground water level, avoids the single water level test work and improves the labor utilization rate;
3. the invention can collect the image of the deformation condition of the inner wall of the drill hole at the same time, and can know the deformation condition and intensity of the inner wall of the drill hole more clearly;
4. the ground guiding lifting device is additionally arranged, so that the labor intensity of measurement personnel can be reduced, the monitoring time is shortened, and the data accuracy is improved;
5. the invention has the advantages of easy manufacture of each device component, simple structure and convenient operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the monitor slide bar of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a variable focus pinhole camera of the present invention;
in the figure: 1-a directional pulley; 2-a bearing ring; 3-a supporting frame; 4-a data transmission cable; 5-a hand-operated wire winder; 6-a miniature recorder; 7-inclinometer pipe device; 8, a directional guide wheel; 9-a guide rail groove; 10-a metal thin rod; 11-rolling bearings; 12-inclinometer; 13-a variable focus pinhole camera; 14-a water level monitor; 15-a damping cushion block; 16-a threaded hole; 17-pendulum swinging plane; 18-cold light lamp.
Detailed Description
The following describes the specific embodiments of the present patent in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a variable-focus and angle-adjustable peeping inclinometer comprises an inclinometer, a monitoring slide bar, a guiding lifting device, a data transmission cable and a micro recorder.
The inclinometer pipe device 7 is a PVC pipe with two groups of guide rail grooves, the PVC pipe is composed of a pipe body and an end head, all PVC pipes are connected through nested nuts, and the PVC pipes are connected section by section in the descending process, so that the requirements of different monitoring depths can be met.
The monitoring slide bar comprises an inclinometer 12, a variable-focus pinhole camera 13, a water level monitor 14, a damping cushion block 15 and an angle adjusting device, wherein the angle adjusting device comprises a metal thin rod 10, a rolling bearing 11, a threaded hole 16, a locking bolt matched with the metal thin rod, and a directional guide wheel 8. The working principle of the inclinometer 12 is the same as that of the existing sliding inclinometer, and the monitoring signals are uploaded through the data transmission cable 4 and stored in the micro recorder 6. The zoom pinhole camera 13 is internally arranged in the shock absorption cushion block 15, the image information is uploaded to the miniature recorder through the data transmission cable, a hole is reserved at the position of the zoom pinhole camera, cold light lamps 18 are arranged at the periphery of the hole, when the zoom pinhole camera works, the cold light lamps are turned on to illuminate the shooting area in a drill hole, the image information is obtained from the display screen of the miniature recorder, and a clear image is obtained by controlling zooming. The water level monitor 14 is a static pressure liquid level sensor, is built in the bottom of the hollow metal rod where the inclinometer is located, and monitors signals are uploaded through the data transmission cable 4 and stored in the micro recorder 6, and the micro recorder 6 is connected with the tail end of the data transmission cable 4 to read and store displacement data and water level data measured by the comprehensive monitoring slide bar. The shock-absorbing cushion block 15 is connected with the bottom of the inclinometer 12 through bolts, and when the inclinometer 12 reaches the bottom of a drilled hole, the damage to the instrument caused by overlarge impact force during grounding is prevented. The angle adjusting device consists of a rolling bearing 11 and locking bolts matched with the rolling bearing 11, dense threaded holes 16 are drilled in the outer ring and the inner ring of the rolling bearing, an included angle of 5 degrees is formed between two adjacent holes and the center of the rolling bearing, the threaded holes are distributed in half of the outer ring and the inner ring of the rolling bearing, the first threaded hole angle is marked to be 0 degrees, the last threaded hole angle is 180 degrees, the locking bolts are matched with the dense threaded holes, the inner ring and the outer ring are fixed at different angles, the inner ring is welded with an inclinometer 12 by four groups of metal thin rods 10, the swinging plane 17 of a pendulum hammer in the inclinometer and the threaded holes where 0 degrees are positioned in the same plane during welding, the reading is convenient, the same angle adjusting device is respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of a monitoring slide bar, and each group of angle adjusting device is welded with 2 directional guide wheels 8 on the outer ring of the rolling bearing; when the angle is adjusted, the locking bolts are screwed out from the threaded holes 16, so that the inner ring and the outer ring of the rolling bearing are in a rotatable state, the monitoring slide bar is rotated, the pendulum swinging plane 17 of the inclinometer 12 is aligned with the threaded holes 16 where the angle of drilling is required to be measured, the locking bolts are screwed, the positions of the inner ring and the outer ring are fixed, the angle adjustment is completed, and the monitoring slide bar is put down.
The guiding lifting device comprises a supporting frame 3, a directional pulley 1, a hand-operated wire winding device 5 and a miniature recorder 6, wherein the supporting frame 3 is composed of three metal brackets and a bearing circular ring 2, the metal brackets are combined type metal rods, the height of each metal bracket is adjustable through locking screws, and the bearing circular ring 2 is hinged with the three metal brackets at three equal division points to realize the angle adjustment between the metal brackets and the plane of the bearing circular ring. The directional pulley 1 is a fixed pulley, the shaft part of the directional pulley is welded with the bearing ring through a metal rod, and the directional pulley rotates around the metal rod when the monitoring slide rod is lowered. The hand-operated wire winder 5 consists of a wire winding disc and a hand-operated rod, wherein the wire winding disc is provided with a support, the support is supported on a shaft part of the wire winding disc, the wire winding disc rotates around the shaft part, the hand-operated rod is arranged at the edge of the wire winding disc, and a tester can rotate and lift or lower the data transmission cable 4 and the monitoring sliding rod by shaking the hand-operated rod.
The miniature recorder 6 is provided with a display screen and is connected with the tail end of the data transmission cable 4, and the data and images measured by the comprehensive monitoring device are read and stored.
The utility model provides a variable-focus adjustable angle peeping inclinometer and monitoring method, utilizes above-mentioned monitoring device, and monitoring method specifically includes the following step:
a. lowering inclinometer pipe
And lowering the inclinometer pipes according to the field requirement, and sequentially connecting each section of inclinometer pipes in the lowering process, so that the maximum depth of the drilled holes is reached after the plurality sections of inclinometer pipes are connected.
b. Installation guiding lifting device
The support frame is erected and adjusted to a proper height and angle, the stability of the support frame is ensured, the support frame can adapt to the topography of a drilling area, and the fixed joint and the lifting pulley are installed.
c. Angle adjustment
Checking the inclinometer, unscrewing the locking bolt, adjusting the rolling bearing to enable the swinging plane of the pendulum bob to reach the angle to be measured, screwing the locking bolt, ensuring the inner ring and the outer ring of the rolling bearing to be fixed, rotating the hand-operated wire winding device, lowering the monitoring slide rod to the bottom of a drilled hole, and standing for 5s.
d. Displacement, water level, deformation monitoring
The surveyor shakes the hand lever and promotes the monitoring slide bar, every 0.5m has the mark on data transmission cable, every promotes 0.5m, with miniature record appearance record data and image information.
e. Data processing
And connecting the miniature recorder with a computer, deriving recorded data and images, and processing and analyzing to obtain the displacement, the water level pressure value and the deformation of the side slope body corresponding to different elevations.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, such as increasing the number of rolling bearings or directional guide wheels, adjusting the position of the zoom pinhole camera, changing the form of the hand-operated winder or support frame, etc., should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a but angle of zooming peeping inclinometer which characterized in that: the intelligent automatic control device comprises an inclinometer, a monitoring slide bar, a guiding lifting device, a data transmission cable and a miniature recorder, wherein the monitoring slide bar is connected with the guiding lifting device through the data transmission cable and slides up and down along the inclinometer through directional guide wheels on two sides of the monitoring slide bar, the monitoring slide bar comprises the inclinometer, a zoom pinhole camera, a water level monitor, a shock absorption cushion block and an angle adjusting device, the angle adjusting device comprises a metal thin rod, a rolling bearing, a threaded hole, a locking bolt and a directional guide wheel, the locking bolt is matched with the metal thin rod, the rolling bearing, the locking bolt and the directional guide wheel are welded, an inner ring of the rolling bearing is welded with the inclinometer through the welding of the metal thin rod, the dense threaded holes are formed in the inner ring and the outer ring of the rolling bearing, the matched locking bolt is screwed into the inner ring and the outer ring of the rolling bearing through the screw hole, and a pair of directional guide wheels are welded on the outer ring of the rolling bearing.
2. The variable-focus, adjustable-angle peeping inclinometer according to claim 1, wherein: the outer ring side edge of the rolling bearing is marked with an angle of 0-180 degrees, and every 5 degrees is marked with an angle.
3. A variable-focus, adjustable-angle peeping inclinometer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the axle center included angles of the adjacent threaded holes of the inner ring and the outer ring are all 5 degrees.
4. The variable-focus, adjustable-angle peeping inclinometer according to claim 1, wherein: when the inner ring of the rolling bearing is welded with the inclinometer, the connecting line of 0 degrees and 180 degrees on the rolling bearing is positioned in the pendulum swinging plane of the inclinometer.
5. A variable-focus, adjustable-angle peeping inclinometer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the angle adjusting device is characterized in that a group of angle adjusting devices are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the monitoring slide bar, a pair of directional guide wheels are welded on the two groups of angle adjusting devices respectively, the pair of directional guide wheels at the upper end are welded at the positions of 0 DEG and 180 DEG on the outer ring, the pair of directional guide wheels at the lower end are welded at the positions of 90 DEG and opposite sides, and the two pairs of directional guide wheels are in vertical relation in a linear space.
6. The variable-focus, adjustable-angle peeping inclinometer according to claim 1, wherein: the inclinometer is a transparent PVC pipe.
7. The variable-focus, adjustable-angle peeping inclinometer according to claim 1, wherein: the vibration-absorbing cushion block at the lower part of the monitoring slide bar is provided with a zoom pinhole camera, a hole is formed in the zoom pinhole camera, and cold light lamps are arranged around the hole.
8. The variable-focus, adjustable-angle peeping inclinometer according to claim 1, wherein: and a water level monitor is arranged in the monitoring slide rod.
9. The variable-focus, adjustable-angle peeping inclinometer according to claim 1, wherein: the metal bracket of the guide lifting device is hinged with the bearing ring; the fixed pulley is welded with the bearing ring through a metal rod, and rotates around the metal rod; the hand-operated wire winding device consists of a wire winding disc and a hand-operated rod, wherein the hand-operated rod is welded on the wire winding disc at a position far away from the center of the wire winding disc.
10. A method of using a variable-focus, angle-adjustable peeping inclinometer, using a variable-focus, angle-adjustable peeping inclinometer according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the steps of:
a. lowering inclinometer pipe
Constructing monitoring drilling holes on the slope platform according to the monitoring requirements, lowering transparent PVC pipes after the drilling holes are constructed, and sequentially connecting the PVC pipes in the lowering process to ensure that the maximum depth of the drilling holes is reached after connecting a plurality of sections of PVC pipes, wherein two groups of guide rail grooves on the inner side of the PVC pipes are parallel and perpendicular to the trend of the slope platform;
b. install direction hoisting device
According to the height of the exposed platform of the PVC pipe, the height of the supporting frame is adjusted, and the directional pulley is positioned at the center of the PVC pipe; one end of a data transmission cable is connected with a monitoring slide bar, and the other end of the data transmission cable is connected with a miniature recorder through a branching port of a hand-operated wire winding device;
c. angle adjustment
According to the monitoring requirement, the angle adjusting device is rotated to a preset angle and fixed by a locking bolt, wherein the adjustable angle is 0 degree, 5 degrees, 10 degrees, 15 degrees, … … degrees, 175 degrees and 180 degrees;
d. displacement, water level, deformation monitoring
The monitoring slide bar is placed in a transparent PVC pipe, the directional guide wheel on the monitoring slide bar is placed in a groove of a guide rail of the PVC pipe, the monitoring slide bar is placed at the bottom of a hole, the monitoring slide bar is lifted up by a rotating hand-operated wire winding device for 5 seconds, and data and image information are recorded once by a miniature recorder every 0.5m lifting.
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| CN115638769B (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-03-31 | 西南交通大学 | Slope inclination angle monitoring device and slope safety coefficient calculation method |
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