CN106705939A - Device and method for quickly measuring slope inclination - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for quickly measuring slope inclination. The device comprises a bracket arranged on a ground monitor pier, a supporting frame arranged on the bracket, an inclination measurement mechanism which is arranged in the supporting frame and is used for measuring changes of the slope inclination, and an azimuth measurement mechanism which is arranged at the top end of the supporting frame and is used for measuring changes of the slope azimuth. The method comprises the following steps: 1. constructing the ground monitor pier of a slope; 2. assembling a levelling measurement device; 3. recording an initial azimuth alpha of the slope; 4. determining whether the slope is inclined or not; 5. recording an azimuth alpha' after the slope is inclined, and acquiring the slope azimuth changing information; and 6. acquiring an inclined angle beta after the slope is inclined. According to the device and the method, operation steps are simple, the slope azimuth change can be observed by the azimuth measurement mechanism, change of the slope inclined angle is acquired through equivalent rotation of a cylindrical level gauge of a rotary platform in the inclined angle measurement mechanism, the azimuth and inclined angle of slope inclination can be quickly and accurately acquired, and the slope inclining situation can be analyzed.

Description

Device and method for quickly measuring slope inclination

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of slope inclination measurement, and in particular relates to a device and method for rapidly measuring slope inclination.

Background technique

Syncline movement of the slope body means that under the strong extrusion of the crustal movement, the rock strata will undergo plastic deformation and produce a series of wave-like bending. The syncline movement of the slope body often brings natural disasters such as landslides. Every time a large landslide will There are certain signs, and there will be a small downward mutation. This kind of mutation cannot be felt by humans, and it will cause the slope of the ground to change. The long-term accumulation of this mutation will inevitably cause unpredictable consequences. Therefore, the establishment of ground monitoring piers, and the measurement of the inclination changes of the ground monitoring piers are an important basis for judging whether landslides occur on the mountain body. The existing slope body inclination change measuring device has complicated measurement means and expensive instruments. Therefore, there is a lack of a slope body inclination fast measuring device and method with simple structure, small size, low cost, reasonable design and quick operation, which can Quickly measure the azimuth and inclination of the slope, and provide an effective means for monitoring landslide geological disasters and surface inclination caused by surface subsidence.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a rapid measuring device for slope inclination in view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art. The cylindrical level of the rotating platform can be rotated equivalently to obtain the inclination value of the slope ground monitoring pier, which can quickly and accurately obtain the inclination azimuth and inclination value of the slope ground monitoring pier, and then analyze the inclination of the slope.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a rapid measuring device for slope inclination, which is characterized in that it includes a bracket installed on the ground monitoring pier, a support frame installed on the bracket, and a support frame installed on the support frame. The inclination measuring mechanism inside is used to measure the change of the inclination angle of the slope and the azimuth measuring mechanism arranged on the top of the support frame is used to measure the change of the azimuth angle of the slope. The azimuth measuring mechanism includes an installation platform and a circular level arranged on the installation platform A bubble and a compass, a reference pointer and a compass are arranged in the compass, and the installation platform is fixed on the top of the support frame through a plurality of adjusting bolts, the inclination measuring mechanism includes a rotating platform and a dial with a scale vertically installed on the rotating platform, and Two cylinder levels are vertically and parallel to the plane where the dial is located, and are arranged on the rotating platform. The bottom of the rotating platform is installed on the inner bottom surface of the support frame by rotating the bolt, and the top of the dial is provided with a connecting hose. The pipe passes through the top plate of the support frame and is connected to the bottom of the installation platform. The extension line of the connecting hose passing through the support frame coincides with the axial centerline of the rotating bolt. The dial is a hollow ring structure, and the inner ring of the dial is provided with a rotating ring. A rotating pointer is installed on the outer ring of the ring, and two fixed plugs are arranged symmetrically along the diameter direction on the inner ring of the rotating ring, and a cylindrical level two is installed on the two fixed plugs.

The above-mentioned rapid measuring device for slope inclination is characterized in that the length of the rotating pointer is smaller than the ring width of the dial.

The above-mentioned fast measuring device for slope inclination is characterized in that: the straight line where the rotating pointer is located is perpendicular to the straight line where the second cylinder level is located.

The above-mentioned rapid measuring device for slope inclination is characterized in that the number of the adjusting bolts is at least three.

At the same time, the invention also discloses a method for quickly measuring slope inclination with simple method steps, reasonable design, and rapid detection and measurement of slope inclination phenomenon, which is characterized in that the method includes the following steps:

Step 1. Build the ground monitoring pier of the slope: drill a hole downward at the edge of the slope and pour concrete into the hole to form a ground monitoring pier connected with the slope;

Step 2. Install the leveling measuring device: first, install the measuring device on the ground monitoring pier and fix the bracket; then, adjust the bubble in the cylindrical level to move in the downward direction by rotating the bolt until the bubble is in the center, and adjust the rotating ring to make the rotation The pointer is at the 0 position; finally, center the circular level bubble by rotating the adjusting screw;

Step 3. Record the initial azimuth angle α of the slope: After the measuring device is leveled, record the relative position between the current compass’s N direction and the compass, and record the angle between the current reference pointer and the compass’s N direction in the counterclockwise direction to determine the slope initial azimuth α;

Step 4. Judging whether the slope changes: Observe whether the initial azimuth α of the slope and the bubbles in the second column of the cylinder level deviate. If there is a slope change, go to Step 5; when the initial azimuth α of the slope body and the air bubble in the second cylinder level do not shift, it means that the slope body has not changed in slope, and continue to observe the change of the measuring device;

Step 5. Record the azimuth angle α' after slope inclination and obtain the slope offset azimuth: first, record the relative position of compass and compass after slope inclination, and record the reference pointer and compass N direction counterclockwise after slope inclination Then, according to the formula Δα=α-α', calculate the variation of slope azimuth angle Δα, and obtain the direction angle of the slope offset compass N, and the slope offset compass N The direction angle is the slope offset azimuth angle;

Step 6. Obtain the inclination angle β of the slope body: firstly, rotate the rotating platform by rotating the bolt to rotate along the level bubble in the cylinder level in the plane where it is located, and rotate along the descending direction, and keep the plane where the rotating platform is located and the ground after the slope body is inclined The relative position of the plane where the upper surface of the monitoring pier is located remains unchanged until the rotation of the rotating platform is stopped after the bubble in one of the two cylindrical levels arranged in parallel is in the center. The bubble of cylinder level 2 is not centered; then, turn the rotating ring until the bubble of cylinder level 2 is in the center, at this time, the rotating pointer points to the scale on the dial, which is the angle of rotation of cylinder level 2, and the angle of rotation of cylinder level 2 is the inclination of the slope Caster angle β.

The above-mentioned method is characterized in that: the upper surface of the slope ground monitoring pier built in step one is parallel to the ground; in step six, the rotating platform is rotated in its plane by rotating the bolts, and the plane where the rotating platform is kept is in line with the slope. The plane where the upper surface of the inclined ground monitoring pier is always kept parallel.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The measuring device adopted in the present invention installs an azimuth measuring mechanism on the upper part of the support frame, and uses a compass and a reference pointer to quickly obtain the direction information and angle size of the inclination of the ground monitoring pier; The equivalent rotation of the rotating platform in the mechanism obtains the change of the inclination angle of the slope body, which is fast and convenient.

2. The invention is equivalent to rotating the rotating platform. Through the calculation principle of the included angle between the surface of the rotating platform and the surface of the ground monitoring pier, the inclination angle value of the slope can be simply and quickly measured, which is reliable and stable, and has good use effect.

3. The measurement method adopted in the present invention has a simple principle and high precision. It can quickly judge whether the slope changes, and realize rapid measurement of the changing slope azimuth and inclination angle. The monitoring of the surface inclination provides an effective means, the steps are simple, the cost is low, and it is convenient to popularize and use.

In summary, the method of the present invention has simple operation steps. The azimuth change of the slope is directly observed through the azimuth measuring mechanism, and the inclination value of the ground monitoring pier of the slope is obtained through the double equivalent rotation of the cylindrical level of the rotating platform in the inclination measuring mechanism, which can be quickly 1. Accurately obtain the inclination azimuth and inclination value of the slope ground monitoring pier, and then analyze the inclination of the slope, which is convenient for popularization and use.

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the right side view of Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a top view of the azimuth angle measuring mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the inclination measuring mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the use state of the inclination measuring mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

Explanation of reference signs:

1—bracket; 2—support frame; 3—installation platform;

4—adjusting bolt; 5—compass; 6—circular level bubble;

7—connecting hose; 8—rotating pointer; 9—dial;

10—rotating ring; 11—cylindrical level one; 12—rotating platform;

13—rotating bolt; 14—cylindrical level two; 15—fixed plug;

16—reference pointer; 17—compass; 18—ground monitoring pier.

detailed description

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a kind of rapid measuring device for inclination of the slope body according to the present invention includes a support 1 installed on the ground monitoring pier 18 and a support frame 2 installed on the support 1, and a set In the support frame 2, the inclination measuring mechanism for measuring the inclination angle of the slope and the azimuth measuring mechanism for measuring the azimuth angle of the slope being arranged on the top of the support frame 2, the azimuth measuring mechanism includes an installation platform 3 and is arranged on the The circular level bubble 6 and the compass 5 on the installation platform 3 are provided with a reference pointer 16 and a compass 17 in the compass 5, and the installation platform 3 is fixed on the top of the support frame 2 by a plurality of adjusting bolts 4, and the inclination measuring mechanism includes a rotating platform 12 and vertically installed on the rotating platform 12 and the dial 9 with scale, and two cylinder levels 11 that are perpendicular to and parallel to the plane where the dial 9 is located on the rotating platform 12, the bottom of the rotating platform 12 is rotated The bolt 13 is installed on the inner bottom surface of the support frame 2 by rotation, the top of the dial 9 is provided with a connecting hose 7, the connecting hose 7 passes through the top plate of the support frame 2 and is connected to the bottom of the installation platform 3, and the connecting hose 7 passes through the support The extension line of the frame 2 coincides with the axial centerline of the rotating bolt 13, the dial 9 is a hollow ring structure, the inner ring of the dial 9 is provided with a rotating ring 10, the outer ring of the rotating ring 10 is equipped with a rotating pointer 8, and the rotating ring 10 Two fixed plugs 15 are symmetrically arranged on the inner ring along the diameter direction, and a cylindrical level 2 14 is installed on the two fixed plugs 15 .

In this embodiment, the support 1 is installed on the ground monitoring pier 18 to fix the measuring device on the ground monitoring pier 18 to prevent the measuring device from moving. The upper surface of the ground monitoring pier 18 is built horizontally. That is the azimuth and inclination angle of the slope, preferably, the support frame 2 can be composed of two support plates 1 parallel up and down and a support plate 2 vertically connecting the two support plates 1, and the azimuth measuring mechanism is arranged on The top of the support frame 2 is set on the upper support plate one of the two parallel support plates one, so that the surveyor can directly observe whether the slope has tilted, so as to detect landslide geological disasters and surface subsidence geological disasters in time. Then analyze the inclination of the slope, and strive for evacuation time for the occurrence of geological disasters. The inclination measuring mechanism is arranged between two support plates, which limits the structural size of the inclination measuring mechanism. The rotating bolt 13 is rotatably installed on the supporting frame On the inner bottom surface of 2, that is, the lower support plate is to provide the lower rotation point for the inclination measuring mechanism, and the connecting hose 7 passes through the top plate of the support frame 2, that is, to pass through the upper support plate. The measuring mechanism provides the upper rotation point, and the extension line of the connecting hose 7 passing through the support frame 2 coincides with the axial center line of the rotating bolt 13 to define the rotation axis of the rotation of the inclination measuring mechanism, thereby determining the rotation axis of the inclination measuring mechanism. installation location.

Described azimuth measurement mechanism comprises installation platform 3 and the circular level bubble 6 that is arranged on installation platform 3 and compass 5, and reference pointer 16 and compass 17 are arranged in compass 5, and the setting of installation platform 3 is in order to further adjust described inclination angle The installation state of the measuring mechanism ensures that the installation of the inclination measuring mechanism is horizontal, prevents the circular level bubble 6 and the compass 5 from being directly installed on the upper support plate 1 and cannot separately adjust the installation state of the inclination measuring mechanism, reduces installation time and reduces Measurement error, thereby converting the azimuth angle of measuring the inclination of the ground monitoring pier 18 into measuring the azimuth angle of the compass 5, since the compass 5 itself has an angle scale, the initial azimuth α of the ground monitoring pier 18 measured by the reference pointer 16 and the compass 17 can be determined .

The dial 9 with the scale is installed vertically on the rotating platform 12, and two cylinder levels-11 arranged in parallel on the rotating platform 12 are perpendicular to the plane where the dial 9 is located. The dial 9 is set as a hollow ring structure in order to rotate the rotating ring 10 on the inner ring along the radial direction of the dial 9, so as to determine the rotation track of the rotating pointer 8 on the outer ring of the rotating ring 10, and the two fixed plugs 15 rotate along the The diameter direction of the inner ring of the ring 10 is set symmetrically in order to facilitate the installation of the cylindrical level 2 14, and at the same time it is determined that the cylindrical level 2 14 is coplanar with the dial 9, and the plane where the two cylindrical levels 11 and the dial 9 are located is perpendicular to the dial 9. For any straight line on the surface where 9 is located, cylindrical level 2 14 is located in the plane where dial 9 is located, thereby determining that cylindrical level 1 11 is perpendicular to cylindrical level 2 14, and the measurer adjusts the mutually perpendicular cylindrical level 1 11 and cylindrical level 2 14 The purpose of reaching the level is to adjust the level of the plane where the rotating platform 12 is located, so as to convert the inclination angle of the measured ground monitoring pier 18 into the inclination angle of the rotating platform 12, and then analyze the inclination of the slope.

In this embodiment, the number of the adjusting bolts 4 is at least three.

Two support plates one (upper support plate one and lower side support plate one) are arranged in parallel in order to provide the azimuth measurement mechanism arranged on the upper support plate one and the azimuth angle measurement mechanism arranged between the two support plates one The inclination measuring mechanism provides an installation base, which avoids the introduction of large errors in the measurement work due to different installation bases, and reduces the time for adjusting the level. The number of adjustment bolts 4 is three, which is convenient for the installation platform 3 to quickly adjust the level while reducing its own weight. The level bubble 6 quickly observes the horizontal state of the installation platform 3 .

In this embodiment, the length of the rotating pointer 8 is smaller than the ring width of the dial 9 . The rotating pointer 8 indicates data within the ring width of the dial 9, and the installation position of the rotating pointer 8 limits its length to be smaller than the ring width of the dial 9, so as to prevent the rotating pointer 8 from colliding with the dial 9 when the rotating ring 10 rotates.

In this embodiment, the straight line where the rotating pointer 8 is located is perpendicular to the straight line where the cylindrical level 2 14 is located. When the inclination measuring mechanism is leveled, the cylinder level 2 14 is adjusted to be in a horizontal state. In actual use, since the dial 9 with the scale is vertically installed on the rotating platform 12, the scale in the dial 9 is set to be symmetrical, so the 0 position is located on the dial. 9 In the middle position of the upper part, when the rotating pointer 8 points to the 0 position, the cylindrical level 2 14 is just level, and the lowering the rotating pointer 8 points to 0 position is fast and simple, which is convenient for quickly adjusting the level of the cylindrical level 2 14.

A kind of slope body inclination fast measuring method as shown in Figure 6 comprises the following steps:

Step 1, building the ground monitoring pier of the slope: drilling down at the edge of the slope and pouring concrete into the hole to form a ground monitoring pier 18 connected to the slope;

It should be noted that the upper surface of the built ground monitoring pier 18 is initially horizontal, which is convenient for measuring the inclination of the upper surface of the ground monitoring pier 18 when the slope inclines, thereby measuring the inclination of the slope;

Step 2. Install the leveling measuring device: first, install the measuring device on the ground monitoring pier 18, and fix the bracket 1; then, adjust the bubble in the cylinder level 11 to move in the descending direction by rotating the bolt 13 until the bubble is centered. Rotate the ring 10 so that the rotating pointer 8 is at the 0 position; finally, the circular level bubble 6 is centered by rotating the adjusting bolt 4;

Step 3. Record the initial azimuth angle α of the slope: after the measuring device is leveled, record the relative position of the current compass 17 in the N direction and the compass 5, and record the current reference pointer 16 and the compass 17 in the counterclockwise direction of the N direction. angle to determine the initial azimuth angle α of the slope;

Step 4. Judging whether the inclination of the slope has changed: observe whether the initial azimuth α of the slope and the air bubbles in the second 14 of the cylindrical level deviate. If the slope changes, go to Step 5; when the initial azimuth α of the slope and the air bubbles in the cylinder level II 14 do not shift, it means that the slope does not change, and continue to observe the changes in the measuring device;

In this embodiment, under the condition that the slope does not incline, the upper surface of the ground monitoring pier 18 is kept horizontal, the measuring device is fixedly installed on the ground monitoring pier 18, and the level of the two cylindrical level gauges 14 and two cylindrical level gauges 11 is adjusted to ensure The rotating platform 12 is horizontal so that the rotating platform 12 is parallel to the upper surface of the ground monitoring pier 18 in real time. The azimuth and inclination all change. When measuring the azimuth of the ground monitoring pier 18, the reference pointer 16 is used as a reference to point to a certain scale on the compass 5. The free and flexible rotation of the compass 17 always points to the north-south direction, corresponding to a scale on the compass 5. The change of the relative position of the reference pointer 16 and the compass 17 and the change of the included angle determine the change of the azimuth angle of the ground monitoring pier 18;

Step 5. Record the azimuth angle α' after slope inclination and obtain the slope offset azimuth: first, record the relative position of compass 17 and compass 5 after slope inclination, and record the position of reference pointer 16 and compass 17 after slope inclination The included angle in the counterclockwise direction of the N direction determines the azimuth angle α' after the inclination of the slope body; then, according to the formula Δα=α-α', the amount of change in the azimuth angle of the slope body Δα is calculated to obtain the angle in the N direction of the slope body offset compass 17 , the N-direction angle of the slope offset compass 17 is the slope offset azimuth;

Step 6. Obtain the tilt angle β of the slope body: firstly, rotate the rotating platform 12 by rotating the bolt 13 to rotate along the level bubble in the cylinder level 11 in the plane where it is located, and rotate along the descending direction, and keep the plane where the rotating platform 12 is located and the slope body The relative position of the plane where the upper surface of the inclined ground monitoring pier 18 is located remains unchanged until the air bubbles in the two cylindrical levels-11 arranged in parallel stop the rotation of the rotating platform 12. At this time, the air bubbles in the two cylindrical levels-11 Centered and the rotating pointer 8 is at 0 position, the bubble of the cylindrical level 2 14 is not centered; then, turn the rotating ring 10 until the bubble in the cylindrical level 2 14 is centered, at this time, the rotating pointer 8 points to the scale on the dial 9, which is 14 turns of the cylindrical level 2 The angle through which the cylinder level 2 14 has turned is the inclined back inclination angle β of the slope body.

In the present embodiment, the upper surface of the slope body ground monitoring pier 18 built in step one is parallel to the ground; in step six, the rotating platform 12 is rotated in its plane by rotating the bolt 13, and the plane where the rotating platform 12 is kept is in line with the slope. The plane where the upper surface of the ground monitoring pier 18 after the body is tilted remains parallel all the time.

When actually measuring the inclination angle β of the slope body, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, the inclination angle of the ground monitoring pier 18 is accompanied by the change of the azimuth angle of the ground monitoring pier 18 when measuring the ground monitoring pier 18, and the inclination angle of the ground monitoring pier 18 is The included angle between the plane where the surface is located and the plane where the horizontal ground is located. That is, the angle between surfaces. Since the rotating platform 12 is parallel to the upper surface of the ground monitoring pier 18 in real time, the inclination angle of the ground monitoring pier 18 can be obtained by obtaining the angle between the rotating platform 12 and the horizontal plane. Since the ground monitoring pier 18 follows the The slope body is tilted, and the air bubbles in the two cylinder level one 11 and the cylinder level two 14 on the rotating platform 12 are offset, and the rotating platform 12 is rotated in its plane by rotating the bolt 13 until it is parallel The two cylinder levels one 11 are horizontal, at this moment, one cylinder level one 11 in the two cylinder levels one 11 is positioned at a high position to maintain the level, and the other cylinder level one 11 in the two cylinder levels one 11 is positioned at a low position to maintain the level, and both The horizontal position of the cylindrical level-11 is unique. Since any straight line on the horizontal plane is in a horizontal state, the intersection line between the extension line of the rotating platform 12 and the horizontal plane must be in a horizontal state, so the cylindrical level-11 located at a low position and kept horizontal can be seen. It is the intersection line between the plane where the rotating platform 12 is located and the horizontal plane. The cylindrical level 2 14 inclined with the dial 9 is perpendicular to the cylindrical level 1 11 that is positioned at a low position and remains horizontal. At this time, turn the rotating ring 10 to make the cylindrical level 2 14 horizontal. 9. Installed vertically on the rotating platform 12, the leveled cylindrical level 2 14 can be regarded as a straight line on the horizontal plane perpendicular to the low and horizontal cylindrical level 1 11. Therefore, the angle at which the cylindrical level 2 14 turns is ground monitoring The inclination angle of the pier 18, the inclination angle of the ground monitoring pier 18 is the inclination angle β of the slope body, and the azimuth and inclination angle obtained through the measurement can reflect the inclination of the slope.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any way. All simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still belong to the technical aspects of the present invention. within the scope of protection of the scheme.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of slopes incline rapid measurement device, it is characterised in that：Including the support (1) on ground monitoring pier (18) With the carriage (2) on support (1), and the inclination angle for measuring slopes change of pitch angle is arranged in carriage (2) Measuring mechanism is used to measure the mechanism for measuring azimuth angle of slopes azimuthal variation, the orientation with carriage (2) top is arranged on Angular measurement mechanism includes mounting platform (3) and the round level(l)ing bubble (6) and compass (5) that are arranged on mounting platform (3), compass (5) reference pointer (16) and compass (17) are provided with, mounting platform (3) is fixed on support by multiple regulating bolts (4) The top of frame (2), the measurement of dip angle mechanism includes rotation platform (12) and is vertically mounted on rotation platform (12) and carries The dial plate (9) of scale, and two vertical with plane residing for dial plate (9) and parallel cylinders being arranged on rotation platform (12) Spirit level one (11), the bottom of rotation platform (12) is rotatably installed on the inner bottom surface of carriage (2) by swivel bolt (13), The top of dial plate (9) is provided with connection flexible pipe (7), and connection flexible pipe (7) is connected to mounting platform through the top board of carriage (2) (3) bottom, connection flexible pipe (7) overlaps through the extension line of carriage (2) with the longitudinal center line of swivel bolt (13), dial plate (9) it is hollow ring structure, the inner ring of dial plate (9) is provided with rotating ring (10), rotation is provided with the outer ring of rotating ring (10) Pointer (8), the inner ring of rotating ring (10) is diametrically symmetrically arranged with two fixed plugs (15), pacifies on two fixed plugs (15) Equipped with cylinder spirit level two (14).

2. rapid measurement device is inclined according to a kind of slopes described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The rotary indicator (8) Length less than dial plate (9) ring width.

3. rapid measurement device is inclined according to a kind of slopes described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The rotary indicator (8) straight line where is vertical with the straight line where cylinder spirit level two (14).

4. rapid measurement device is inclined according to a kind of slopes described in claim 3, it is characterised in that：The regulating bolt (4) Quantity be at least three.

5. it is a kind of to carry out the method that slopes incline quick measurement using device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the method Comprise the following steps：

Step one, build slopes ground monitoring pier：Slopes marginal position downwards drilling and in hole casting concrete formed with The ground monitoring pier (18) of slopes connection；

Step 2, installation leveling measurement apparatus：First, measurement apparatus are arranged on ground monitoring pier (18), fixed support (1)；Then, bubble is moved along descent direction until bubble is placed in the middle in adjusting cylinder spirit level one (11) by swivel bolt (13) Untill, make rotary indicator (8) positioned at 0 position by adjusting rotating ring (10)；Finally, make to justify water by rotating regulating bolt (4) Quasi- bubble (6) is placed in the middle；

Step 3, record slopes initial orientation angle α：After device leveling to be measured, N directions and sieve of current guideline pin (17) are recorded The relative position of disk (5), while the anticlockwise angle in current reference pointer (16) and compass (17) N directions is recorded, Determine slopes initial orientation angle α；

Step 4, judge slopes whether run-off the straight change：Gas in observation slopes initial orientation angle α and cylinder spirit level two (14) Whether bubble shifts, and when bubble shifts in slopes initial orientation angle α and cylinder spirit level two (14), illustrates that slopes are sent out Raw tilt variation, performs step 5；When bubble does not shift in slopes initial orientation angle α and cylinder spirit level two (14), The non-run-off the straight change of slopes is illustrated, continues observing and measuring device change；

Step 5, record slopes incline back bearing α ＇ and obtain slopes direction of displacement angle：First, guide after record slopes are inclined The relative position of pin (17) and compass (5), while recording after slopes are inclined reference pointer (16) and compass (17) N directions inverse time The angle in pin direction, determines that slopes incline back bearing α ＇；Then, according to formula Δ α=α-α ＇, slopes azimuthal variation is calculated Amount Δ α, obtains slopes skew compass (17) N orientation angles, and slopes skew compass (17) N orientation angles are slopes skew side Parallactic angle；

Step 6, acquisition slopes incline back rake angle β：First, by swivel bolt (13) rotation rotation platform (12) where it Level(l)ing bubble rotates along descent direction along cylinder spirit level one (11) in plane, and the plane where keeping rotation platform (12) The plane relative position where ground monitoring pier (18) upper surface after being inclined with slopes is constant, until two parallel settings Stopped the rotation after bubble is placed in the middle in cylinder spirit level one (11) rotation of platform (12), now, two cylinder spirit levels one (11) Middle bubble is placed in the middle and rotary indicator (8) is positioned at 0 position, and the bubble of cylinder spirit level two (14) is not placed in the middle；Then, rotating ring is rotated (10) until bubble is placed in the middle in cylinder spirit level two (14), the scale that now rotary indicator (8) points on dial plate (9) is cylinder water The angle that quasi- instrument two (14) is turned over, the angle that cylinder spirit level two (14) is turned over is that slopes incline back rake angle β.

6. in accordance with the method for claim 5, it is characterised in that：Slopes ground monitoring pier (18) built in step one it is upper Surface is parallel to the ground；Rotated in rotation platform (12) plane where it by swivel bolt (13) in step 6 and rotated, protected Plane where holding rotation platform (12) inclined with slopes after ground monitoring pier (18) upper surface where plane remain It is parallel.