CN107564055A - A kind of slip mass volumetric estimate method based on remote sensing - Google Patents
A kind of slip mass volumetric estimate method based on remote sensing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of slip mass volumetric estimate method based on remote sensing, it is characterised in that including：Obtain it is to be estimated landslide body region calamity after remote sensing image and calamity before terrain data DEM；Boundary Extraction is carried out to the body region that come down in the remote sensing image after calamity, and extracts the characteristic point for obtaining slip mass border；Choose reference planes；Surface fitting is carried out to slip mass based on slip mass edge feature point, the slip mass surface after being fitted, slip mass surface after digital simulation to the volume between reference planes；Former topographical surface is extracted according to DEM, calculates former topographical surface to the volume between reference planes；Obtained slip mass surface is fitted to the volume between reference planes and former topographical surface to the difference of the volume between reference planes as slip mass volume.The inventive method can improve the estimation precision to slip mass volume, substantially reduce evaluation time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to remote sensing technology field, and in particular to a kind of slip mass volumetric estimate method based on remote sensing.
Background technology
Landslide is a kind of common natural calamity by triggerings such as earthquake, rainfall, ice dissolutions.In the great natural calamity such as earthquake
It in evil, can usually cause a large amount of landslides, directly threaten the safety of life and property of people.Slip mass can block traffic, form weir
Lake etc. is filled in, hinders the emergency management and rescue to disaster.Therefore, how to tackle slip mass in time and its potential danger brought be it is great from
One of challenge of right calamity emergency rescue.
For different demands, a variety of methods calculating slip mass volumes existing at present.According to geological drilling (geological
) and high-density resistivity (Highdensity resistivity HDR), ground-penetrating radar (ground Drilling
Penetrating radar, GPR) the methods of come to be fitted the corresponding landslide body three-dimensional models of generation be that one kind is commonly used in engineering
Accurate calculating slip mass volume method.But because such a method needs personnel to be drilled on the spot to scene, it usually needs expend
Substantial amounts of manpower and time, can not meet the needs of calamity emergency rescue is to the time.By contrasting before calamity digital elevation mould after calamity
Type DEM change estimation slip mass volumes are also a kind of conventional method.A variety of methods one have been applied to obtain slip mass by scholar
Surface elevation, such as ground survey, satellite stereo image (Satellite Stereo Imagery), laser radar LIDAR data
Deng.But due to being difficult the data such as the timely satellite stereo image obtained after calamity, LIDAR data, therefore such a method can not meet
Emergent demand.Many scholars attempt to estimate the slip mass of whole region by establishing the statistical models in region and slip mass volume
Volume.However, such a method lacks mathematics mechanism, it is low to single slip mass volume estimation result reliability, it is impossible to for answering
Commanding and decision-making is helped in first aid.
In a word, current its estimation precision of slip mass volume estimation method and evaluation time can not meet that calamity emergency is rescued
Help demand.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of slip mass volumetric estimate method based on remote sensing, it is possible to increase to slip mass
The estimated accuracy of volume, and substantially reduce the estimation time.
To achieve the above object, present approach provides a kind of slip mass volumetric estimate method based on remote sensing, specifically
Ground, this method comprise the following steps：
Obtain it is to be estimated landslide body region calamity after remote sensing image and calamity before terrain data digital complex demodulation.
Boundary Extraction is carried out to the body region that come down in the remote sensing image after calamity, and extracts the feature for obtaining slip mass border
Point.
Choose reference planes.
Surface fitting is carried out to slip mass based on slip mass edge feature point, the slip mass surface after being fitted, calculated
Slip mass surface after fitting is to the volume between reference planes.
Former topographical surface is extracted according to DEM, calculates former topographical surface to the volume between reference planes.
Obtained slip mass surface is fitted to the volume between reference planes and former topographical surface to the volume between reference planes
Difference as slip mass volume.
Further, the remote sensing image after calamity is satellite remote-sensing image or aviation remote sensing image.
Further, before calamity terrain data digital complex demodulation from 30m whole world dem data or the DEM numbers achieved in advance
According to middle acquisition.
Further, surface fitting, the slip mass after being fitted are carried out to slip mass based on slip mass edge feature point
Surface, including：
A polygon is formed by summit of all slip mass edge feature points, polygon is divided into multiple triangles
Shape, multiple triangle sets are into the slip mass surface after fitting.
Further, the slip mass surface after digital simulation is to the volume between reference planes, including：
The volume sum of each solid formed between triangle and reference planes is the cunning after the fitting being calculated
Slope surface is to the volume between reference planes.
Further, slip mass edge feature point includes characteristic point A, characteristic point B, characteristic point C, characteristic point D, characteristic point E
With characteristic point F, then by slip mass edge feature point into triangle include triangle ABC, triangle ACD, triangle ADE and
Triangle AEF, utilize the landslide body surface after triangle ABC, triangle ACD, triangle ADE and triangle AEF composition fitting
Face.
Slip mass surface after above-mentioned digital simulation to the volume between reference planes, including：
The triangular prism that triangle ABC, triangle ACD, triangle ADE and triangle AEF are formed with reference planes respectively
Volume sum be slip mass surface after the fitting being calculated to the volume between reference planes.
Further, reference planes are horizontal plane, and triangle ABC, wherein C point are minimum point, A ', B ' be respectively summit A,
B projects in the horizontal plane where C points；H is height of the C points to reference planes, then triangle ABC and the geometry of reference planes formation
The volume of body is：
VABC=SA’B’C×H+VBB’CA’+VABCA’
Wherein H is C points to reference planes height, SA’B’CFor triangle A ' B ' C area, VBB’CA’For solid BB ' CA '
Volume, VABCA’For solid ABCA ' volume.
The inventive method has the following advantages that：
The inventive method extracts disaster bodie Boundary Extraction characteristic point according to remote sensing image after calamity, extraction slip mass border；
Again, slip mass three-dimensional surface is fitted according to the characteristic point of extraction, and calculates its volume with reference planes.Again, based on cunning
DEM before slopes border and calamity, calculating original place shape show the volume to reference planes.Finally, based on former topographical surface before calamity to ginseng
Plane volume and slip mass landform after calamity and reference planes volume differences are examined, estimates disaster bodie volume.Wherein DEM typically has before calamity
More accurate data backup or free data source obtain.Remote sensing image after disaster occurs answers first aid by major natural disasters
Data Share System is helped, can also quick obtaining.Therefore avoiding when traditional slip mass volume calculates needs field survey
Problem can greatly save evaluation time, and the method that the present invention is fitted the triangular mesh used to slip mass, Neng Gouti
High estimation precision.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is method flow diagram in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of step S3 in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
The volume that Fig. 3 is the intermediate cam shape ABC of the embodiment of the present invention 2 calculates principle schematic.
Fig. 4 is the actual landform figure of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
After (single) landslide occurs, slip mass forms an interaction face with original place shape.It can be carried on the border of interaction face
Take multiple characteristic points with original place shape with identical height value.In such cases, slip mass can be fitted based on these characteristic points
Three-dimensional surface, and then by the volume differences between digital simulation surface and former topographical surface, estimate slip mass volume.Specific method
Step is as shown in Figure 1.
Terrain data DEM before remote sensing image and calamity after S1, acquisition landslide body region calamity to be estimated.Disaster bodie border can
Image carries out manual identified and drafting after based on calamity.Image can be more by satellite remote-sensing image, aviation remote sensing image etc. after calamity
Kind means obtain.Based on disaster emergency data shared mechanism, remote sensing image can obtain within a very short time after calamity.To ensure
Precision, remote sensing image data resolution ratio should be higher than that 5m rice after calamity.Digital complex demodulation data generally have history storage before calamity
It is standby.Such as global 30 Miho Dockyard EM data or other dem datas achieved in advance.On the basis of disaster remote sensing image, sketch out
Slip mass border.The condition of same elevation is shared according to disaster bodie and original place shape on slip mass border, in disaster bodie Boundary Extraction
Characteristic point.Based on original place graphic data, disaster bodie boundary characteristic point height is obtained.
S2, Boundary Extraction is carried out to the body region that come down in the remote sensing image after calamity, and extract the spy for obtaining slip mass border
Sign point.
Choose reference planes.
S3, based on slip mass edge feature point to slip mass carry out surface fitting, the slip mass surface after be fitted, count
The slip mass surface after fitting is calculated to the volume between reference planes.
A variety of methods can be used for being based on slip mass edge fitting slip mass surface, and such as space interpolation method, Vomnoi are schemed.This
A polygon is formed in inventive embodiments by summit of all slip mass edge feature points, polygon is divided into multiple three
Angular, multiple triangle sets are into the slip mass surface after fitting.Each solid formed between triangle and reference planes
Volume sum is slip mass surface after the fitting being calculated to the volume between reference planes.
S4, foundation DEM extract former topographical surface, calculate former topographical surface to the volume between reference planes.
S5, the obtained slip mass surface of fitting to the volume between reference planes and former topographical surface are to the body between reference planes
The difference of product is as slip mass volume.
V=Vafter-Vbefore
Wherein, VafterWith VbeforeRespectively before calamity with surface after calamity to the volume between reference planes.
Embodiment 2
Based on the S3 in the above method, a specific example is provided in the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2 landslide
Body edge feature point includes characteristic point A, characteristic point B, characteristic point C, characteristic point D, characteristic point E and characteristic point F, then by slip mass side
Boundary's characteristic point into triangle include triangle ABC, triangle ACD, triangle ADE and triangle AEF, utilize triangle
Slip mass surface after ABC, triangle ACD, triangle ADE and triangle AEF composition fitting.
The triangular prism that triangle ABC, triangle ACD, triangle ADE and triangle AEF are formed with reference planes respectively
Volume sum be slip mass surface after the fitting being calculated to the volume between reference planes.
When for reference planes being horizontal plane, triangle ABC, as shown in figure 3, wherein C points are minimum point, A ', B ' are respectively
It is that summit A, B project in the horizontal plane where C points；H is height of the C points to reference planes, then triangle ABC and reference planes shape
Into the volume of solid be：
VABC=SA’B’C×H+VBB’CA’+VABCA’
Wherein H is C points to reference planes height, SA’B’CFor triangle A ' B ' C area, VBB’CA’For solid BB ' CA '
Volume, VABCA’For solid ABCA ' volume.
Embodiment 3
Slip mass volume rapid extraction is as shown in Figure 4.The instrument includes slip mass border interactive drawing, landslide characteristics
The functions such as point-rendering, the calculating of slip mass volume.Verified for case on the Tangjiashan landslide formed with Wenchuan earthquake.Because of Wenchuan
" 5.12 " violent earthquake induces Tongkou River right bank Tangjiashan position and forms HIGH-SPEED LANDSLIDE and block up river, and the damming dam plane configuration of formation is
Strip.Data show the damming dam along river to long 803.4m, Yokogawa is to Breadth Maximum 611.8m, compared with original bed elevation,
Damming 82~124m of height of dam, it is about 3 × 105m to block river course area2, thus it is speculated that volume is 20.37 × 106m3.As shown in figure 4, make
With disaster bodie boundary mapping instrument, the border of Tangjiashan slip mass has been delineated.Result of calculation shows, disaster bodie volume is 6.3 ×
108Cubic meter.Because damming dam is only a part for mountain slip mass, therefore we measure volume of the volume more than damming dam of calculation.
For the order of magnitude, the quick disaster bodie method of estimation based on image after DEM before calamity and calamity disclosure satisfy that pre- to disaster bodie volume
The demand sentenced.
Although above with general explanation and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, at this
On the basis of invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore,
These modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. slip mass volumetric estimate method based on remote sensing, it is characterised in that methods described includes：Obtain it is to be estimated landslide body region calamity after remote sensing image and calamity before terrain data digital complex demodulation；Boundary Extraction is carried out to the body region that come down in the remote sensing image after the calamity, and extracts the feature for obtaining slip mass border Point；Choose reference planes；Surface fitting is carried out to slip mass based on the slip mass edge feature point, the slip mass surface after being fitted, calculated Slip mass surface after fitting is to the volume between the reference planes；Former topographical surface is extracted according to the DEM, calculates former topographical surface to the volume between the reference planes；Obtained slip mass surface is fitted to the volume between the reference planes and former topographical surface between the reference planes The difference of volume is as slip mass volume.
- 2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the remote sensing image after the calamity is satellite remote-sensing image or boat Empty remote sensing image.
- 3. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that terrain data digital complex demodulation is from the whole world before the calamity Obtained in 30 Miho Dockyard EM data or the dem data achieved in advance.
- 4. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described to be entered based on the slip mass edge feature point to slip mass Row surface fitting, the slip mass surface after being fitted, including：A polygon is formed by summit of all slip mass edge feature points, the polygon is divided into multiple triangles Shape, the multiple triangle sets are into the slip mass surface after fitting.
- 5. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the slip mass surface after the digital simulation is to described with reference to flat Volume between face, including：The volume sum of each solid formed between triangle and reference planes is the slip mass after the fitting being calculated Surface is to the volume between the reference planes.
- 6. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the slip mass edge feature point includes characteristic point A, characteristic point B, characteristic point C, characteristic point D, characteristic point E and characteristic point F, then by the slip mass edge feature point into triangle include triangle Shape ABC, triangle ACD, triangle ADE and triangle AEF, using triangle ABC, triangle ACD, triangle ADE and Slip mass surface after triangle AEF composition fittings.
- 7. method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the slip mass surface after the digital simulation is to described with reference to flat Volume between face, including：The triangular prism that triangle ABC, triangle ACD, triangle ADE and triangle AEF are formed with the reference planes respectively Volume sum be slip mass surface after the fitting being calculated to the volume between the reference planes.
- 8. method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the reference planes are horizontal plane, the triangle ABC, its Middle C points are minimum point, and A ', B ' are respectively summit A, B in the horizontal plane projection where C points；H is C points to the reference planes Highly, then the volume for the solid that triangle ABC is formed with reference planes is：VABC=SA’B’C×H+VBB’CA’+VABCA’Wherein H is C points to reference planes height, SA’B’CFor triangle A ' B ' C area, VBB’CA’For solid BB ' CA ' body Product, VABCA’For solid ABCA ' volume.
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| CN111739259A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-10-02 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Slope unit local clustering damage judgment method and regional landslide early warning method |
| CN113849883A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-12-28 | 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所 | Landslide volume calculation method based on Lidar terrain and borehole sliding surface reconstruction |
| CN114490584A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-05-13 | 哈尔滨体育学院 | Method and system for monitoring snow cover thickness of snow road |
| CN114708499A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-07-05 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Method and device for calculating landslide source area |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109799503A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-05-24 | 中科卫星应用德清研究院 | Building Damage assessment drafting method and system |
| CN110007336A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-07-12 | 首都师范大学 | A method of earthquake is monitored based on Law of DEM Data |
| CN110232683A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-13 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of landslide detection method based on unmanned plane point cloud |
| CN111739259A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2020-10-02 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Slope unit local clustering damage judgment method and regional landslide early warning method |
| CN113849883A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-12-28 | 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所 | Landslide volume calculation method based on Lidar terrain and borehole sliding surface reconstruction |
| CN114490584A (en) * | 2022-01-29 | 2022-05-13 | 哈尔滨体育学院 | Method and system for monitoring snow cover thickness of snow road |
| CN114708499A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-07-05 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Method and device for calculating landslide source area |
| CN114708499B (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2023-07-14 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司 | Landslide object source area calculation method and device |
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