CN108302816A - 一种太阳能水箱的聚氨酯保温材料 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种太阳能水箱的聚氨酯保温材料,包括水性聚氨酯涂料和聚氨酯板,水性聚氨酯涂料是由分散剂和反应后的预聚体组成,预聚体是由氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、烷基环糊精和硼酸三(2,3‑二溴)丙酯组成,氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯和烷基环糊精的质量比是1:3:2,两块聚氨酯板平行放置,且中间置留一层中空层,在中空层注入蒸馏水,在四周密封处理,所述聚氨酯板上层涂覆一层性聚氨酯涂料,该一种聚氨酯保温材料,具有阻燃防烟雾性能,优良的耐水性,优良的机械性能,设置有的水层,赋予了聚氨酯保温材料具有强大的抗燃能力和保温性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能设备保温材料领域,特别涉及一种太阳能水箱的聚氨酯保温材料。
背景技术
太阳能热水器是利用太阳光将水温加热的装置。太阳能热水器分为真空管式太阳能热水器和平板式太阳能热水器,真空管式太阳能热水器占据国内95%的市场份额。真空管式家用太阳能热水器是由集热管、储水箱及支架等相关零配件组成,把太阳能转换成热能主要依靠真空集热管,利用热水上浮冷水下沉的原理,使水产生微循环而达到所需热水。
太阳能热水器的水箱是必不可少的部件,水箱的保温性能是评价其性能优越的标准之一,现有的水箱保温材料分为有机材料和无机材料,且有机材料就包括聚氨酯材料,目前使用的聚氨酯材料大部分为易燃材料,在火灾频发的今天,开发阻燃型聚氨酯材料成为时代的热点,通过物理添加阻燃剂的方式虽然能够赋予材料一定的阻燃性能,但阻燃剂与聚合物相容性差,容易迁移或者析出到材料表面,破坏材料力学性能,因此,在合成聚氨酯材料的结构骨架中引入阻燃成分,赋予材料本征阻燃性能,而且由于水性聚氨酯涂料的分子链上引入了亲水基团,所吸收的水与聚氨酯中的极性基团起作用,形成了氢键,减弱了聚氨酯分子之间的氢键的作用,使涂料的机械强度降低,使得聚氨酯涂料在实际应用中有着很大的局限性。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种太阳能水箱的聚氨酯保温材料。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案为一种太阳能水箱的聚氨酯保温材料,一种太阳能水箱的聚氨酯保温材料,包括水性聚氨酯涂料和聚氨酯板,所述水性聚氨酯涂料是由分散剂和反应后的预聚体组成,所述预聚体是由氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、烷基环糊精和硼酸三(2,3-二溴)丙酯组成,氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯和烷基环糊精的质量比是1:3:2,在催化剂催化的条件下于90℃下反应3h,再加入硼酸三(2,3-二溴)丙酯于反应体系,反应温度70℃,反应时间40min,得到聚氨酯预聚体,预聚体中加入聚氨酯预聚体总重量2.2%的亲水扩链剂和聚氨酯预聚体重量28%的丙酮,在85℃条件下搅拌反应3h,再加入三乙胺进行中和反应140min,加蒸馏水进行乳化,形成水性聚氨酯,所述分散剂是由1-双((三甲基硅基)氨基)硼杂环丙烯、单分散剂和二烷基二硫代磷酸硫化氧钼组成,质量浓度为10%的1-双((三甲基硅基)氨基)硼杂环丙烯溶液中加入1-双((三甲基硅基)氨基)硼杂环丙烯溶液重量1.8%的单分散剂,在温度为50℃、pH为7的条件下,加入二烷基二硫代磷酸硫化氧钼,超声粉碎50min,得分散剂备用,其中二烷基二硫代磷酸硫化氧钼为1-双((三甲基硅基)氨基)硼杂环丙烯溶液重量的5%,水性聚氨酯固含量20%的分散剂和水性聚氨酯固含量2%的1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯加入到水性聚氨酯中,在pH为7的条件下剪切搅拌80min,得到水性聚氨酯涂料;
所述两块聚氨酯板平行放置,且中间置留一层中空层,在中空层注入蒸馏水,在四周密封处理,所述聚氨酯板上层涂覆一层性聚氨酯涂料。
进一步的,所述催化剂是三乙基硼。
进一步的,所述单分散剂是十二烷基硫酸钠。
进一步的,所述亲水扩链剂是二氨基苯甲酸。
进一步的,所述反应温度误差控制在5℃之内,且反应时间误差控制在10min之内。
进一步的,所述中空层的厚度是聚氨酯板厚度的二分之一。
本发明的有益效果是:该一种太阳能水箱的聚氨酯保温材料,将用氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷中的硅氧烷水解缩合扩链交联制备交联水分散聚氨酯,这种硅氧烷封端的聚氨酷酯水分散体形成的涂膜具有优良的耐水性,其涂膜的硬度、抗拉强度随硅含量的增加而上升,具有优良的机械性能,将二烷基二硫代磷酸硫化氧钼添加其中,赋予了聚氨酯具有阻燃防烟雾性能,烷基环糊精和三乙胺赋予了其高效的防水渗透能力,中间设置有的水层可以让材料具有强大的抗燃能力,且水具有很大的比热容,因此水层可以大大提高材料的保温性能。
附图说明
图1为本发明加工示意图;
图2为本发明层状示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明。在此需要说明的是,对于这些实施方式的说明用于帮助理解本发明,但并不构成对本发明的限定。此外,下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。
请参阅图1和图2,本发明提供一种技术方案:一种太阳能水箱的聚氨酯保温材料,一种聚氨酯保温材料,包括水性聚氨酯涂料和聚氨酯板,水性聚氨酯涂料是由分散剂和反应后的预聚体组成,预聚体是由氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、烷基环糊精和硼酸三(2,3-二溴)丙酯组成,氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯和烷基环糊精的质量比是1:3:2,在催化剂催化的条件下于90℃下反应3h,催化剂是三乙基硼,不但可以催化,还可以引入硼源提高阻燃能力,再加入硼酸三(2,3-二溴)丙酯于反应体系,反应温度70℃,反应时间40min,得到聚氨酯预聚体,预聚体中加入聚氨酯预聚体总重量2.2%的亲水扩链剂和聚氨酯预聚体重量28%的丙酮,亲水扩链剂是二氨基苯甲酸,安全无毒,在85℃条件下搅拌反应3h,再加入三乙胺进行中和反应140min,加蒸馏水进行乳化,形成水性聚氨酯,所述分散剂是由1-双((三甲基硅基)氨基)硼杂环丙烯、单分散剂和二烷基二硫代磷酸硫化氧钼组成,单分散剂是十二烷基硫酸钠,便宜且安全,质量浓度为10%的1-双((三甲基硅基)氨基)硼杂环丙烯溶液中加入1-双((三甲基硅基)氨基)硼杂环丙烯溶液重量1.8%的单分散剂,在温度为50℃、pH为7的条件下,加入二烷基二硫代磷酸硫化氧钼,超声粉碎50min,得分散剂备用,其中二烷基二硫代磷酸硫化氧钼为1-双((三甲基硅基)氨基)硼杂环丙烯溶液重量的5%,水性聚氨酯固含量20%的分散剂和水性聚氨酯固含量2%的1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯加入到水性聚氨酯中,在pH为7的条件下剪切搅拌80min,得到一种高效保温、防水、环保聚氨酯涂料,催化剂、单分散剂的添加误差控制在2%之内,亲水扩链剂添加误差控制在5%之内,超出这个范围会导致产出残次品,反应温度误差控制在5℃之内且反应时间误差控制在10min之内,超出这个范围会导致产品的质量受到影响;
两块聚氨酯板平行放置,且中间置留一层中空层,在中空层注入蒸馏水,在四周密封处理,所述聚氨酯板上层涂覆一层性聚氨酯涂料,中空层的厚度是聚氨酯板厚度的二分之一,即保证了材料的力学性能,也赋予了材料强大的保温和阻燃性能。
本发明可以起到以下作用:
(1)将二烷基二硫代磷酸硫化氧钼添加其中,赋予了聚氨酯保温材料具有阻燃防烟雾性能;
(2)烷基环糊精和三乙胺赋予了聚氨酯保温材料高效的防水渗透能力;
(3)氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷,赋予了聚氨酯保温材料具有优良的耐水性,且涂膜的硬度、抗拉强度随硅含量的增加而上升,具有优良的机械性能;
(4)设置有的水层,赋予了聚氨酯保温材料具有强大的抗燃能力和保温性能。
以上结合附图对本发明的实施方式作了详细说明,但本发明不限于所描述的实施方式。对于本领域的技术人员而言,在不脱离本发明原理和精神的情况下,对这些实施方式进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,仍落入本发明的保护范围内涉及浇灌技术领域。
Claims (6)
1.一种太阳能水箱的聚氨酯保温材料,包括水性聚氨酯涂料和聚氨酯板,其特征在于:所述水性聚氨酯涂料是由分散剂和反应后的预聚体组成,所述预聚体是由氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、烷基环糊精和硼酸三(2,3-二溴)丙酯组成,氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯和烷基环糊精的质量比是1:3:2,在催化剂催化的条件下于90℃下反应3h,再加入硼酸三(2,3-二溴)丙酯于反应体系,反应温度70℃,反应时间40min,得到聚氨酯预聚体,预聚体中加入聚氨酯预聚体总重量2.2%的亲水扩链剂和聚氨酯预聚体重量28%的丙酮,在85℃条件下搅拌反应3h,再加入三乙胺进行中和反应140min,加蒸馏水进行乳化,形成水性聚氨酯,所述分散剂是由1-双((三甲基硅基)氨基)硼杂环丙烯、单分散剂和二烷基二硫代磷酸硫化氧钼组成,质量浓度为10%的1-双((三甲基硅基)氨基)硼杂环丙烯溶液中加入1-双((三甲基硅基)氨基)硼杂环丙烯溶液重量1.8%的单分散剂,在温度为50℃、pH为7的条件下,加入二烷基二硫代磷酸硫化氧钼,超声粉碎50min,得分散剂备用,其中二烷基二硫代磷酸硫化氧钼为1-双((三甲基硅基)氨基)硼杂环丙烯溶液重量的5%,水性聚氨酯固含量20%的分散剂和水性聚氨酯固含量2%的1,4-双(二甲基羟基硅基)苯加入到水性聚氨酯中,在pH为7的条件下剪切搅拌80min,得到水性聚氨酯涂料;
所述两块聚氨酯板平行放置,且中间置留一层中空层,在中空层注入蒸馏水,在四周密封处理,所述聚氨酯板上层涂覆一层性聚氨酯涂料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能水箱的聚氨酯保温材料,其特征在于:所述催化剂是三乙基硼。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能水箱的聚氨酯保温材料,其特征在于:所述单分散剂是十二烷基硫酸钠。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能水箱的聚氨酯保温材料,其特征在于:所述亲水扩链剂是二氨基苯甲酸。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能水箱的聚氨酯保温材料,其特征在于:所述反应温度误差控制在5℃之内,且反应时间误差控制在10min之内。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种太阳能水箱的聚氨酯保温材料,其特征在于:所述中空层的厚度是聚氨酯板厚度的二分之一。
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