CN108300592A - 半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108300592A
CN108300592A CN201810095063.8A CN201810095063A CN108300592A CN 108300592 A CN108300592 A CN 108300592A CN 201810095063 A CN201810095063 A CN 201810095063A CN 108300592 A CN108300592 A CN 108300592A
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朱汪龙
朱玲
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Abstract

本发明公开了半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂及其制备方法,按重量份计,所述清洗剂包括:非离子表面活性剂12~21份、阴离子表面活性剂8~19份、醇醚类溶剂25~40份、胺类化合物6~18份、抗静电剂3~12份、增溶剂1~4份、去离子水25~70份。与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下优点:(1)本发明所述半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂能够快速渗透到硅片表面,促进污染物的剥离;(2)所述清洗剂对硅片表面无腐蚀和氧化等副作用,保证硅片表面的平整度;(3)所述清洗剂对环境友好,对土壤和水体安全。

Description

半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于工业化学领域,涉及一种工业清洗剂,具体为半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着半导体芯片设计的越来越小,铜材料以其良好的导电性和良好的抗电子迁移性,被普遍用作芯片导线材料,在芯片制造过程中,必须对硅片进行化学机械抛光,目前,硅片化学机械抛光是将硅片置于抛光垫上,使用抛光液对硅片进行抛光,典型的清洗液有去离子水、过氧化氢溶液和稀氨水,它们主要用于清洗前一工艺中残留液,比如经化学机械抛光工艺后,表面残留的抛光液,经过刻蚀去强光阻工艺后,残留的去强光阻液以及经过沉积工艺后的残留液等,有必要在化学机械研磨后清洗液中加入化学试剂以降低硅片的表面张力,并对表面活性剂或表面活性剂混合物进行仔细的选择以获得更好的清洗效果,以避免可能产生的化学残留物问题。
现有技术中的清洗液多为弱酸或弱碱性。如中国专利申请CN201210556512.7,公开了一种半导体工业清洗剂及其应用,所述清洗剂包括酸剂、表面活性剂、抗静电剂、增溶剂、缓释剂、杀菌剂和去离子水。其具有极高的表面活性特性使其具有极低的表面张力。其独特的网状化学结构使其具有高挂线性和高悬浮性,能够有效抵御微生物的侵袭,保证在使用过程中不腐败变质,不发臭,还可以为用户节约成本,减少废液的排放,有利于环境保护,自然界的生物降解性好,可长期滞留在水和土壤中。该清洗剂为酸性,在用其对芯片材料进行处理时,易导致金属腐蚀,即使后期采用去离子水漂洗,也会因芯片表面的张力导致清洗不彻底,影响芯片的使用寿命。此外,排放至土壤或水体中的清洗剂易影响土壤的状态,导致其酸碱度失调。
另外,现有技术中也采用偏碱性水基清洗剂包括中强碱性水基清洗剂和弱碱性水基清洗剂。因半导体封装焊接辅料残留物主要是松香和有机酸,松香和有机酸都含有羧基能在中强碱性条件下发生皂化反应生成易溶于水的有机盐,因此中强碱性清洗剂对半导体器件的残留物有良好的清洗效果。但随着半导体的发展和特殊功能的需求,一些器件上组装了铝、铜等敏感金属和油墨字符、电磁碳膜和特殊标签等相当脆弱的功能材料。这些敏感金属和特殊功能材料在中强碱性环境下,容易被氧化变色或溶胀变形或脱落等,因此限制了中强碱性水清洗剂在半导体封装清洗液中的使用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是:为了克服现有技术的缺陷,获得一种能够有效清洗硅片上的残留物,且对敏感金属和油墨字符、电磁碳膜和特殊标签等相当脆弱的功能材料物腐蚀作用的清洗剂,本发明提供了半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂及其制备方法。
技术方案:半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂,按重量份计,所述清洗剂包括:非离子表面活性剂12~21份、阴离子表面活性剂8~19份、醇醚类溶剂25~40份、胺类化合物6~18份、抗静电剂3~12份、增溶剂1~4份、去离子水25~70份。
优选的,所述非离子表面活性剂为月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚、丙二醇聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚或椰油脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺。
优选的,所述阴离子表面活性剂为十二烷基硫酸钠、聚丙烯酰胺或脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸酯盐。
优选的,所述醇醚类溶剂为丙二醇甲醚、丙二醇丁醚或二丙二醇二甲醚。
优选的,所述胺类化合物为盐酸双胍、聚亚酰胺或5-氨基四氮唑。
优选的,所述抗静电剂为聚乙二醇酯、聚乙二醇醚、多元醇脂肪酸酯或脂肪酸乙氧基醚。
优选的,所述增溶剂为丙二醇或异丙醇。
以上任一所述半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将增溶剂和抗静电剂溶于去离子水中,溶解温度控制在30~40℃,混合均匀后常温保存;
(2)将非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂、醇醚类溶剂和胺类化合物依次加入步骤(1)制得的溶液中,前一组分混合均匀后加入下一组分,混合温度控制在25~32℃;
(3)调节步骤(2)所得混合溶液的pH为7.0,即制得半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂。
本发明所述清洗剂的工作原理在于:本发明所述清洗剂具有极高的表面活性特性使其具有极低的表面张力,能够破坏颗粒物与硅片表面的化学键和;此外,本发明所述清洗剂具有均匀作用,促进硅片表面具有很好的平整度,改善了对研磨粒子的清洗效率,降低硅表面残留。
有益效果:(1)本发明所述半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂能够快速渗透到硅片表面,促进污染物的剥离;(2)所述清洗剂对硅片表面无腐蚀和氧化等副作用,保证硅片表面的平整度;(3)所述清洗剂对环境友好,对土壤和水体安全。
具体实施方式
实施例1
半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂,按重量份计,所述清洗剂包括:非离子表面活性剂12份、阴离子表面活性剂8份、醇醚类溶剂25份、胺类化合物6份、抗静电剂3份、增溶剂1份、去离子水25份。
所述非离子表面活性剂为月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚。
所述阴离子表面活性剂为十二烷基硫酸钠。
所述醇醚类溶剂为丙二醇甲醚。
所述胺类化合物为盐酸双胍。
所述抗静电剂为聚乙二醇酯。
所述增溶剂为丙二醇。
所述半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将增溶剂和抗静电剂溶于去离子水中,溶解温度控制在30℃,混合均匀后常温保存;
(2)将非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂、醇醚类溶剂和胺类化合物依次加入步骤(1)制得的溶液中,前一组分混合均匀后加入下一组分,混合温度控制在25℃;
(3)调节步骤(2)所得混合溶液的pH为7.0,即制得半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂。
实施例2
半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂,按重量份计,所述清洗剂包括:非离子表面活性剂16份、阴离子表面活性剂13份、醇醚类溶剂29份、胺类化合物12份、抗静电剂6份、增溶剂2份、去离子水38份。
所述非离子表面活性剂为丙二醇聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚。
所述阴离子表面活性剂为聚丙烯酰胺。
所述醇醚类溶剂为丙二醇丁醚。
所述胺类化合物为聚亚酰胺。
所述抗静电剂为聚乙二醇醚。
所述增溶剂为异丙醇。
所述半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将增溶剂和抗静电剂溶于去离子水中,溶解温度控制在32℃,混合均匀后常温保存;
(2)将非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂、醇醚类溶剂和胺类化合物依次加入步骤(1)制得的溶液中,前一组分混合均匀后加入下一组分,混合温度控制在28℃;
(3)调节步骤(2)所得混合溶液的pH为7.0,即制得半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂。
实施例3
半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂,按重量份计,所述清洗剂包括:非离子表面活性剂21份、阴离子表面活性剂19份、醇醚类溶剂40份、胺类化合物18份、抗静电剂12份、增溶剂4份、去离子水70份。
所述非离子表面活性剂为椰油脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺。
所述阴离子表面活性剂为脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸酯盐。
所述醇醚类溶剂为二丙二醇二甲醚。
所述胺类化合物为5-氨基四氮唑。
所述抗静电剂为脂肪酸乙氧基醚。
所述增溶剂为丙二醇。
所述半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将增溶剂和抗静电剂溶于去离子水中,溶解温度控制在40℃,混合均匀后常温保存;
(2)将非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂、醇醚类溶剂和胺类化合物依次加入步骤(1)制得的溶液中,前一组分混合均匀后加入下一组分,混合温度控制在32℃;
(3)调节步骤(2)所得混合溶液的pH为7.0,即制得半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂。
对照例1
与实施例2的区别在于,在清洗剂中加入酸剂,所述酸剂为柠檬酸、酒石酸、草酸、苹果酸、马来酸或乙二酸。
对照例2
与实施例2的区别在于,在清洗剂中加入碱剂,所述碱剂为碳酸钠、氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾。
对实施例1~3和对照例1~2所述的清洗剂进行效果测试:
1.评估项目方法并定义级别
A锡膏、助焊剂残留,4×10倍显微镜观察
定义级别:0级 无锡膏、助焊剂残留;
1级 在焊接点、引脚或板面边缘有极少量锡膏、助焊剂残留;
2级 有明显的锡膏、助焊剂残留。
B油墨字符、碳膜损伤,4×10倍显微镜观察
定义级别:0级 油墨字符、碳膜无变色、变形、鼓泡、脱落;
1级 油墨字符、碳膜有轻微的变色、变形、鼓泡,但无脱落;
2级 油墨字符、碳膜有明显的变形、鼓泡和脱落。
C离子残留度,采用“粒子污染物当量测试法(动态法)”参照SJ20869-2003中第6.3的规定,粒子污染物含量三级标准规定≤1.5(NaCl)μg/cm2
定义:为提高可靠性本发明清洗后的半导体封装元器件离子污染物含量≤0.8(NaCl)μg/cm2为合格。
D金属腐蚀测试
分别将400mL本发明所述清洗剂置于500mL的烧杯中,并分别将3片铜或铝的金属测试样片完全浸入其中并封闭(相同材质金属放在同一烧杯),加热清洗剂至65℃并保温30min。取出试样金属片用去离子水漂洗干净并充分干燥。依据GB/T10125-2012《人造气氛腐蚀试验盐雾试验》进行盐雾测试10h,干燥后裸眼观察金属试样片表面的腐蚀情况。定义级别如下:0级,表面无明显变化;1级,表面轻度均匀变色或失光;2级,表面非均匀变色、失光、局部有蚀点;3级,表面变色、发暗严重或腐蚀。
2.测试结果
将实施例1~3和对照例1~2所述的清洗剂按照上述评估项目及方法进行相关性能的测试,结果如下表所示:

Claims (8)

1.半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂,其特征在于,按重量份计,所述清洗剂包括:非离子表面活性剂12~21份、阴离子表面活性剂8~19份、醇醚类溶剂25~40份、胺类化合物6~18份、抗静电剂3~12份、增溶剂1~4份、去离子水25~70份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂,其特征在于,所述非离子表面活性剂为月桂醇聚氧乙烯醚、丙二醇聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚或椰油脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺。
3.根据权利要求1所述的半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂,其特征在于,所述阴离子表面活性剂为十二烷基硫酸钠、聚丙烯酰胺或脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸酯盐。
4.根据权利要求1所述的半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂,其特征在于,所述醇醚类溶剂为丙二醇甲醚、丙二醇丁醚或二丙二醇二甲醚。
5.根据权利要求1所述的半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂,其特征在于,所述胺类化合物为盐酸双胍、聚亚酰胺或5-氨基四氮唑。
6.根据权利要求1所述的半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂,其特征在于,所述抗静电剂为聚乙二醇酯、聚乙二醇醚、多元醇脂肪酸酯或脂肪酸乙氧基醚。
7.根据权利要求1所述的半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂,其特征在于,所述增溶剂为丙二醇或异丙醇。
8.权利要求1~7任一所述半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将增溶剂和抗静电剂溶于去离子水中,溶解温度控制在30~40℃,混合均匀后常温保存;
(2)将非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂、醇醚类溶剂和胺类化合物依次加入步骤(1)制得的溶液中,前一组分混合均匀后加入下一组分,混合温度控制在25~32℃;
(3)调节步骤(2)所得混合溶液的pH为7.0,即制得半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂。
CN201810095063.8A 2018-01-31 2018-01-31 半导体硅片中性水基清洗剂及其制备方法 Pending CN108300592A (zh)

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CN112175756A (zh) * 2020-11-05 2021-01-05 河北工业大学 用于去除多层铜互连阻挡层cmp后表面残留物的清洗液
CN112175750A (zh) * 2020-11-12 2021-01-05 福建省佑达环保材料有限公司 一种半导体制程中使用的中性水基清洗剂组合物
CN113667546A (zh) * 2021-08-31 2021-11-19 昆山捷纳电子材料有限公司 一种硅片加工后清洗剂组合物
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CN113980747A (zh) * 2021-11-10 2022-01-28 重庆臻宝实业有限公司 一种半导体材料表面脱脂处理的清洗剂
CN115287125A (zh) * 2022-06-15 2022-11-04 湖北三赢兴光电科技股份有限公司 一种感光芯片清洗液及其制备方法和应用

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WO2021250397A1 (en) * 2020-06-11 2021-12-16 Reckitt & Colman (Overseas) Hygiene Home Limited Anti-static cleaning composition
CN112175756A (zh) * 2020-11-05 2021-01-05 河北工业大学 用于去除多层铜互连阻挡层cmp后表面残留物的清洗液
CN112175750A (zh) * 2020-11-12 2021-01-05 福建省佑达环保材料有限公司 一种半导体制程中使用的中性水基清洗剂组合物
CN112175750B (zh) * 2020-11-12 2021-08-13 福建省佑达环保材料有限公司 一种半导体制程中使用的中性水基清洗剂组合物
CN113667546A (zh) * 2021-08-31 2021-11-19 昆山捷纳电子材料有限公司 一种硅片加工后清洗剂组合物
CN113980747A (zh) * 2021-11-10 2022-01-28 重庆臻宝实业有限公司 一种半导体材料表面脱脂处理的清洗剂
CN113980747B (zh) * 2021-11-10 2023-08-25 重庆臻宝科技股份有限公司 一种半导体材料表面脱脂处理的清洗剂
CN115287125A (zh) * 2022-06-15 2022-11-04 湖北三赢兴光电科技股份有限公司 一种感光芯片清洗液及其制备方法和应用

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