CN108298893B - Slope greening construction method and matrix concrete for slope greening - Google Patents
Slope greening construction method and matrix concrete for slope greening Download PDFInfo
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- CN108298893B CN108298893B CN201810111757.6A CN201810111757A CN108298893B CN 108298893 B CN108298893 B CN 108298893B CN 201810111757 A CN201810111757 A CN 201810111757A CN 108298893 B CN108298893 B CN 108298893B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/40—Fertilisers incorporated into a matrix
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
- C04B2111/00155—Sprayable, i.e. concrete-like, materials able to be shaped by spraying instead of by casting, e.g. gunite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00732—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for soil stabilisation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00758—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for agri-, sylvi- or piscicultural or cattle-breeding applications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00767—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0004—Synthetics
- E02D2300/0018—Cement used as binder
- E02D2300/002—Concrete
Abstract
The invention discloses a slope regreening construction method and a matrix concrete for slope regreening, wherein the matrix concrete comprises a growth base material, a water-retaining agent, a nutrient fertilizer, a fiber component, a mixed grass-shrub seed, an additive component and an adhesive component; the binding agent comprises cement, coarse sand, fine stone, fly ash, reinforcing fiber and a modifying component; the reinforcing fibers comprise polypropylene fibers and/or glass fibers; the modified component comprises a growth promoting component and an insect prevention component. The construction method comprises the following steps: cutting slope of mountain, building intercepting ditch, cleaning slope, hanging fixing net, spraying and mixing plant, and later maintenance. The invention has the advantages of stable whole, high vegetation germination rate and high vegetation survival rate, reduces the dependence on artificial later maintenance and improves the success rate of slope greening.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ecological restoration construction technology, in particular to a slope greening construction method and matrix concrete for slope greening.
Background
After decades of rapid industrial development, China has gone on international frontiers in many fields to obtain proud performance, all of which is because the support behind the nation that we have a terrestrial Chinese story gives us various natural resources, and also leads to serious natural ecological consequences in the operation of excessive mining and random mining of people. Meanwhile, the repair of natural ecology is urgent and important.
For example, in an application publication No. CN106759404A of the present applicant, a method for greening a high and steep mine is disclosed, which includes clearing a hill, measuring and setting out lines, drilling holes on the slope surface, laying steel bars, setting up triangular iron, laying a cement pit, spraying soil for removing foreign matters to the slope, and performing post-maintenance, thereby completing greening the slope on the abandoned mine.
In the scheme, whether the greening can be successfully completed or not after the process is completed is mainly whether the matrix concrete sprayed on the slope body can be stably fixed or not and whether good and sufficient nutrient substances can be provided for the vegetation or not when the foreign soil is sprayed on the slope, which is a key factor for determining the survival rate of the vegetation in the later period. In the prior art, most of the control on the survival rate of the vegetation still depends on a large amount of manual maintenance and on the experience of constructors, and is not beneficial to the large-scale popularization of slope greening.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the matrix concrete for slope greening, and the effects of improving the survival rate of vegetation and stably improving the success rate of slope greening are achieved.
In order to achieve the first purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the matrix concrete for slope greening comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the matrix concrete for slope greening comprises the following components in parts by weight:
a growth base material: 80-110 parts;
water-retaining agent: 15-25 parts;
and (3) nutrient fertilizer: 0.5-0.8 part;
fiber components: 1-3 parts;
mixing grass and shrub seeds: 35-55 parts of a modifier;
the additive comprises the following components: 5-9 parts of a solvent;
binding agent: 10-15 parts;
the adhesive composition comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
cement: 12 to 24 percent;
coarse sand: 18 to 22 percent;
fine stone: 32 to 38 percent;
fly ash: 24 to 31 percent;
reinforcing fibers: 2 to 5 percent;
the modified components: 0.2 to 0.5 percent;
the reinforcing fibers comprise polypropylene fibers and/or glass fibers; the modified component comprises a growth promoting component and an insect prevention component.
Through the technical scheme, the growth base material is used as a matrix for mixed grass seed growth, the nutrient fertilizer and the adhesive are added to form a good integral body, the integral body is stably attached to a slope surface, the qualified re-green vegetation can be developed, the water-retaining agent can also lock partial moisture for the matrix, and the growth environment of the mixed grass seed growth is improved.
The adhesive agent not only has the function of bonding a plurality of substances into a whole, but also needs to be dispersed into each component, so that the growth promoting agent and the insect prevention agent contained in the adhesive agent can provide further growth promoting and insect killing effects for the mixed grass seed irrigation in a large area, and the growth promoting effect on the mixed grass seed irrigation can lead the root system of the vegetation to be formed as early as possible, thereby being connected with the matrix concrete into a whole as early as possible and facilitating the success rate of slope greening; meanwhile, the insecticidal composition can also reduce damage of insect pests to the mixed grass-irrigated seeds, further improve the germination rate and survival rate of the mixed grass-irrigated seeds, and further improve the success rate of slope greening.
The polypropylene fiber and the glass fiber can provide good strength performance for the matrix concrete, and have good performances of good elasticity, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, good heat retention and the like, so that the matrix concrete can become a foundation bed which has high porosity, is rich in nutrition, is suitable for plant growth, has considerable strength and connectivity, is difficult to separate and break, and is beneficial to the overall stability.
More preferably: the matrix concrete for slope greening comprises the following components in parts by weight:
a growth base material: 92-100 parts;
water-retaining agent: 20-22 parts;
and (3) nutrient fertilizer: 0.5-0.7 part;
fiber components: 1-3 parts;
mixing grass and shrub seeds: 45-50 parts of a solvent;
the additive comprises the following components: 6-7 parts;
binding agent: 13-15 parts;
the oxytocic comprises gibberellin, kinetin, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and compound sodium nitrophenolate; the insect-resistant agent comprises celastrus angulatus, nicotine, rotenone and matrine.
By adopting the technical scheme, the gibberellin, the kinetin, the diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and the compound sodium nitrophenolate can effectively break the dormancy stage of the seeds irrigated by the mixed grass, promote the seeds to sprout as early as possible, enable the seeds to root as early as possible in the matrix and stabilize the whole slope as early as possible; celastrus angulatus, nicotine, rotenone and matrine can effectively inhibit various insect pests, reduce damage of the insect pests to the mixed grass-shrub seeds, and improve the success rate of slope greening. Moreover, the growth promoting composition and the insect prevention composition are natural products, so that the growth promoting composition and the insect prevention composition cannot poison the growth of plants and can provide nutrition to a certain extent.
More preferably: the additive comprises soil stabilizer, trace element dripping agent and microbial flora.
Through the technical scheme, the soil stabilizer is an aqueous environment-friendly propylene resin emulsion, is developed and produced by Enviroseal company of America, can enable the molecules of the microparticulate matrix concrete to be gathered together, further enables the surface of the matrix concrete to have the effect of a protective film, effectively inhibits dust from flying, prevents the matrix concrete from being washed away by rainwater, reduces the erosion of alkaline substances, provides a 4-6 month settling period for the matrix concrete, provides a stable environment for the germination and growth of the mixed grass seed, improves the germination rate and the survival rate, is non-toxic and harmless, and does not hinder the normal growth of plants.
The trace element dripping agent contains a large amount of trace elements such as iron, manganese, zinc, chlorine and the like required by plant growth, can provide necessary trace elements for the early growth of the mixed grass seeds, and improves the germination rate and the survival rate of the whole mixed grass seeds.
The microbial flora is composed of multiple microorganisms belonging to three floras, namely photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast bacteria and the like. The aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms are mixed and cultured by a fermentation process, and each microorganism generates useful substances and secretions thereof in the growth process to form substrates and raw materials which grow mutually, so that a biological flora with stable structure and wide functions and various microbial communities is formed through mutual symbiosis and proliferation.
More preferably: the fertility base material comprises peat soil and humus soil in a weight ratio of 1: 5.
Through the technical scheme, the peat soil is soil which is accumulated by a large number of insufficiently decomposed plant residues and forms a peat layer under the condition that aquatic vegetation is dense and in an anoxic condition, has extremely high nitrogen content, good exchange performance and proper acidity, is suitable for being used as an organic-inorganic compound fertilizer, and can provide a good environment for the growth of herbaceous plants; the humus soil is formed by long-term rotting and fermentation of dead branches and residual leaves of trees in surface soil layers in forests, and the humus soil contains more abundant nutrient substances and can provide a long-term nutrient stable source for germination and survival of mixed grass-filled seeds.
More preferably: the fiber component comprises grass wood fiber, tree sawdust and rice chaff.
Through the technical scheme, contain a large amount of potassium elements in the rice chaff, be the potash fertilizer of environmental protection, the trees sawdust is good fermentation bed bedding and padding, the carbon nitrogen ratio of sawdust is very high, resistant fermentability is strong, simultaneously the sawdust is loose porous, water-retaining property is best, the gas permeability is also better, can provide better fermentation bed bedding and padding with rice chaff cooperation use, provide good fermentation environment for the microbial flora, in addition the vegetation fibre also can irritate the effect that the seed provided good heat preservation heating for mixed grass, be favorable to further improvement germination percentage and survival rate.
More preferably: the water-retaining agent also comprises super absorbent resin particles, and the maximum size of one side of the super absorbent resin particles is 2-5 times of the maximum size of one side of the mixed grass-shrub seeds.
Through the technical scheme, the super absorbent resin with the proper size is arranged, and the super absorbent resin has extremely strong water retention property, so that the water retention effect can be provided as much as possible, matrix concrete is infiltrated constantly through the slow release process, long-term water sources are provided for plants, the reduction of the plant survival rate caused by untimely or uneven water irrigation or too fast local water loss can be reduced, the germination rate and the survival rate of seeds irrigated by mixed grass can be improved, and the success rate is also improved for the greening of the whole side slope.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a slope greening construction method, and in order to achieve the second purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a slope regreening construction method adopts the matrix concrete for slope regreening and comprises the following steps:
s1, cutting the mountain slope and cutting the mountain;
s2: building a catch basin;
s3: cleaning a slope surface;
s4: hanging a fixed net;
s5: spraying, mixing and planting;
s6: and (5) performing later maintenance.
Through the technical scheme, according to a reasonable construction process, a good green recovering effect can be obtained, the work efficiency can be improved, and the construction period can be shortened.
More preferably: and impurities and loose rock blocks are cleaned when the S3 slope is cleaned, and the slope roughness is increased for transverse grooving or nailing strips on the local smooth slope.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, after the operation of domatic clearance for whole domatic better roughness that keeps can provide good adhesion surface for attaching to of matrix concrete, makes the spraying that the matrix concrete can be more firm, forms stable vegetation environment.
More preferably: the fixed net hung in the S4 is a plastic-plated diamond wire net, the width of the plastic-plated diamond wire net is larger than 200cm, the time delay elongation of the plastic-plated diamond wire net covering the top of the slope is larger than or equal to 100cm, and a gap of 3-5cm is reserved between the whole plastic-plated diamond wire net and the slope body.
Through the technical scheme, the gaps are reserved, so that the plastic-plated diamond wire mesh can be positioned in the middle of the matrix concrete, good connection is formed between the matrix concrete and the plastic-plated diamond wire mesh, the matrix concrete and the plastic-plated diamond wire mesh form a stressed whole, and the stability of the whole is further improved.
More preferably: s5 the mixed grass seeds used in the spray mixed planting contain multiple varieties with developed root system, strong rooting property, drought resistance and strong pest resistance, and at least comprise arbor and shrub, vine and herbaceous plants to form a three-dimensional vegetation structure.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, plant roots is flourishing, and well-developed root system can become with matrix concrete and plate and mould the rhombus wire netting and be connected inseparable whole for the whole vegetation stability that forms on the slope is strong, reduces the destruction of wind and rain to the vegetation, prolongs the action life-span that the vegetation is dark green.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the growth promoting agent and the insect prevention agent contained in the bonding agent are uniformly mixed into the integral matrix concrete along with the bonding agent, so that a good growth environment is provided for integral slope greening, the success rate of slope greening is further improved, and the influence degree of manual operation on slope greening is reduced;
2) various fibers and additives are arranged, so that the performance of the matrix concrete is greatly modified, and the bearing-in concrete becomes a foundation bed which accords with plant growth;
3) the water-retaining agent and the super absorbent resin particles added in the water-retaining agent provide a stable and good water source for the whole slope vegetation, reduce the operation dependence of water required by plant growth on maintenance personnel, and improve the survival rate of the vegetation and the success rate of slope greening.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
Examples 1 to 7: the base concrete for slope regreening comprises the components and the corresponding contents shown in table 1, wherein the fertility base material comprises peat soil and humus soil in a weight ratio of 1: 5; the nutrient fertilizer is a slow-release compound fertilizer; the fiber component is formed by mixing grass fiber, tree sawdust and rice chaff; the additive comprises a soil stabilizer, a trace element dripping agent and a microbial flora; the ingredients and their corresponding amounts of the binder compositions of examples 1-7 were the same and are reported in Table 2.
The modified components comprise a growth promoting composition and an insect prevention composition, wherein the growth promoting composition comprises gibberellin, kinetin, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and compound sodium nitrophenolate, and the insect prevention composition comprises celastrol, nicotine, rotenone and matrine.
Examples 8 to 14: a matrix concrete for slope regreening is different from the concrete of example 1 in the content of each component in the adhesive composition and is recorded as shown in Table 2.
TABLE 1 Components contained in examples 1-7 and their corresponding amounts (kg)
TABLE 2 ingredients of adhesive compositions and their respective contents (kg) in examples 1, 8-14
Example 15: the matrix concrete for slope regreening is different from the matrix concrete in example 1 in that the water-retaining agent also contains super absorbent resin particles, and the maximum size of one side of the super absorbent resin particles is 2-5 times that of one side of the mixed grass-shrub seeds.
Example 16: a slope regreening construction method adopts the matrix concrete for slope regreening in the embodiment, and comprises the following steps,
and S1, cutting slopes of the mountain and opening steps, wherein slopes can be cut step by adopting a mode of combining manpower and blasting, and the slope inclination angle is reduced.
S2: building a catch basin; and masonry of the trench body is carried out by using grouted rubbles, and the masonry is arranged along the slope top 1m away from the pit surface.
S3: cleaning a slope surface; the sundries and loose rock blocks are cleaned in time, and the local smooth slope surface is transversely grooved or nailed with wood strips to achieve the effect of increasing the roughness of the slope surface, so that the whole slope has higher roughness and is well bonded with matrix concrete.
S4: hanging a fixed net; the hung fixed net is a plastic-plated diamond wire net, the width of the plastic-plated diamond wire net is 220cm, the time delay elongation of the plastic-plated diamond wire net covering the top of the slope is 100cm, and a gap of 3-5cm is reserved between the whole plastic-plated diamond wire net and the slope body.
S5: spraying, mixing and planting; the mixed grass and shrub seeds adopted during spraying and mixing planting contain various varieties with developed root systems, strong rooting property, drought resistance and strong pest resistance, such as arbors, vines and herbaceous plants, and form a three-dimensional vegetation structure.
S6: later maintenance; the basic maintenance operations such as watering, deinsectization and the like are regularly arranged and manually carried out, the good growing environment of the vegetation is maintained, and the local vegetation sparse area is timely replanted.
Comparative examples 1 to 10: a matrix concrete, differing from example 1 in that it contained the components and the corresponding contents as shown in table 3.
Wherein the fertility base material comprises peat soil and humus soil in a weight ratio of 1: 5; the nutrient fertilizer is a slow-release compound fertilizer; the fiber component is formed by mixing grass fiber, tree sawdust and rice chaff; the additive comprises soil stabilizer, trace element dripping agent and microbial flora. The modified components comprise a growth promoting composition and an insect prevention composition, wherein the growth promoting composition comprises gibberellin, kinetin, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and compound sodium nitrophenolate, and the insect prevention composition comprises celastrol, nicotine, rotenone and matrine.
TABLE 3 Components and their corresponding amounts (kg) in comparative examples 1-10
Experimental part
Test subjects: the matrix concrete samples prepared according to the formulations and methods described in examples 1 to 16 and comparative examples 1 to 10 were taken as objects, and 26 groups were counted.
The test method comprises the following steps: the 26 groups of experimental objects were prepared by placing 3 parts of the same weight in culture dishes, spreading the same amount of herbal seeds of the same species and produced in the same place and at the same time in each culture dish, placing the culture dishes in a constant temperature and humidity culture room for germination test, recording the germination amount for 15 days, 30 days, 45 days and 60 days, and recording the ratio of the germination amount to the total amount of seeds in each culture dish, i.e. the germination rate, as shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 germination percentage (%)
And (3) test analysis: as is clear from the above tests, the germination rates in examples 1 to 16 were all at a high level. Compared with the data in the example, the comparative example 1 shows that the modified component has obvious influence on the germination rate of the seeds; from comparative examples 2 and 4, it can be seen that the absence of reinforcing fibers or fiber components has little effect on the germination rate, but only on the overall strength of the matrix concrete; comparative example 3 shows that the additive components have a large influence on the germination rate of seeds; as can be seen from comparative example 5, the nutrient fertilizer is also an important factor for the germination of plant seeds; as can be seen from comparative example 6, the water-retaining agent has a significantly large influence on the germination of plant seeds; from the data in comparative examples 7 to 10, it can be seen that the four components of the water-retaining agent, the nutrient fertilizer, the additive component and the modification component significantly affect the germination rate of the seeds and are important for the success of the slope greening.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The matrix concrete for slope greening is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
a growth base material: 80-110 parts;
water-retaining agent: 15-25 parts;
and (3) nutrient fertilizer: 0.5-0.8 part;
fiber components: 1-3 parts;
mixing grass and shrub seeds: 35-55 parts of a modifier;
the additive comprises the following components: 5-9 parts of a solvent;
binding agent: 10-15 parts;
the bonding agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
cement: 12 to 24 percent;
coarse sand: 18 to 22 percent;
fine stone: 32 to 38 percent;
fly ash: 24 to 31 percent;
reinforcing fibers: 2 to 5 percent;
the modified components: 0.2 to 0.5 percent;
the reinforcing fibers comprise polypropylene fibers and/or glass fibers; the modified component comprises a growth promoting component and an insect prevention component; the additive comprises a soil stabilizer, a trace element dripping agent and a microbial community;
the fiber component comprises grass wood fiber, tree sawdust and rice chaff.
2. The matrix concrete for slope regreening as claimed in claim 1, wherein the matrix concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
a growth base material: 92-100 parts;
water-retaining agent: 20-22 parts;
and (3) nutrient fertilizer: 0.5-0.7 part;
fiber components: 1-3 parts;
mixing grass and shrub seeds: 45-50 parts of a solvent;
the additive comprises the following components: 6-7 parts;
binding agent: 13-15 parts;
the oxytocic comprises gibberellin, kinetin, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and compound sodium nitrophenolate; the insect-resistant agent comprises celastrus angulatus, nicotine, rotenone and matrine.
3. The base concrete for slope regreening as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base material comprises peat soil and humus soil in a weight ratio of 1: 5.
4. The matrix concrete for slope regreening as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water retention agent comprises super absorbent resin particles, and the maximum size of one side of the super absorbent resin particles is 2-5 times that of one side of the mixed grass-shrub seeds.
5. A slope regreening construction method, characterized in that the matrix concrete for the slope regreening as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 is used, and comprises the following steps:
s1: cutting a slope of the mountain and cutting steps;
s2: building a catch basin;
s3: cleaning a slope surface;
s4: hanging a fixed net;
s5: spraying, mixing and planting;
s6: and (5) performing later maintenance.
6. The slope regreening construction method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the S3 slope is cleaned to remove impurities and loose rocks, and the slope roughness is increased by transversely grooving or nailing wood strips on the local smooth slope.
7. The side slope greening construction method according to claim 6, wherein the fixing net hung in S4 is a plastic-plated diamond wire net, the width of the plastic-plated diamond wire net is larger than 200cm, the time delay elongation of the plastic-plated diamond wire net covering the top of the slope is larger than or equal to 100cm, and a gap of 3-5cm is reserved between the whole plastic-plated diamond wire net and the slope body.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the mixed grass-shrub seeds used in the S5 spraying and mixed planting contain multiple varieties with developed root system, strong rooting property, drought resistance and strong pest resistance, and at least include arbor, vine and herbaceous plants, to form a three-dimensional vegetation structure.
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| CN113519372A (en) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-10-22 | 中煤浙江生态环境发展有限公司 | Preparation method of composite green repairing backfill material |
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