CN108298692B - Adjustable constructed wetland system - Google Patents

Adjustable constructed wetland system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108298692B
CN108298692B CN201810337433.4A CN201810337433A CN108298692B CN 108298692 B CN108298692 B CN 108298692B CN 201810337433 A CN201810337433 A CN 201810337433A CN 108298692 B CN108298692 B CN 108298692B
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constructed wetland
filtering
layer
channel
constructed
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CN108298692A (en
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田帅慧
卢琴芳
赖世荣
张�浩
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Jiujiang Science Environmental Technology Development Co ltd
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Jiujiang Science Environmental Technology Development Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
  • Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an adjustable constructed wetland system, which comprises more than two constructed wetland units and a plurality of annular filtering water distribution channels, wherein the periphery of each constructed wetland unit is surrounded by the filtering water distribution channels, and forms a 'reverse' structure with the filtering water distribution channels, filter materials with different particle diameters are arranged in the filtering water distribution channels, sewage is distributed to the constructed wetland units after being filtered by the filtering water distribution channels, a movable baffle is respectively arranged at the diagonal water distribution channels of the constructed wetland units, and the operation modes of 'series', 'parallel' or 'series-parallel composite' of the constructed wetland, and various adjustable functions such as a continuous or intermittent water inlet mode and the like can be formed through the positions of the adjustable baffle. The invention can adjust the operation mode of the wetland according to the hydraulic load, pollution load, bed condition and climate change of the inflow water, can prevent the constructed wetland pool from being blocked by larger impurities, and simultaneously effectively improves the impact resistance, self-repairing capability and treatment effect of the wetland.

Description

Adjustable constructed wetland system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to an adjustable constructed wetland system.
Background
Artificial wetland is an ecological system which simulates a natural wetland system through artificial design and construction, and can be divided into three types, namely surface flow artificial wetland (SFCW), horizontal subsurface flow artificial wetland (HSFCW) and vertical subsurface flow artificial wetland (VSFCW), which are similar to swamps or natural wetlands, submerged plants, floating plants and emergent aquatic plants are generally planted, and the function of removing pollutants is realized through a series of physical, chemical and biological approaches by utilizing the synergistic effect among matrixes, plants and microorganisms in the wetland. Because the constructed wetland has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, easy management, aesthetic and ecological values and the like, the constructed wetland is widely applied to the aspects of treating domestic sewage and industrial and agricultural sewage.
However, in engineering applications, blockage is gradually found to be a common problem in wetland operation, and application and popularization of the wetland are greatly restricted. Wetland plugging is in fact a process in which the effective porosity and permeability coefficient are continually reduced. The accumulation of blocking substances on the surface layer and the upper layer of the wetland greatly affects the hydraulic retention time of the wetland, and also causes problems such as surface flow and short flow of the wetland, thereby affecting the sewage treatment effect of the wetland and deteriorating the effluent quality. Many factors influence the blockage of the constructed wetland, mainly: water inflow characteristics, substrate, batch operation, upstream treatment processes, water inflow distribution, temperature and dissolved oxygen conditions, etc.
The operation mode of the constructed wetland mainly comprises serial connection, parallel connection or a serial-parallel connection combination, and the water inlet mode mainly comprises continuous water inlet and intermittent water inlet. At present, the wetland in actual operation adopts a single operation mode and a water inlet mode, the operation mode of the wetland cannot be adjusted according to the hydraulic load, pollution load, water quality condition, bed body condition and climate change of the water inlet, and the problems of poor self-recovery performance, low efficiency, influence on denitrification efficiency, easy blockage and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an adjustable constructed wetland system which can be operated in various modes, solves the problems of single water inlet and operation modes of the existing wetland technology, and has the characteristics of blockage prevention, load and adaptability enhancement, self-repairing capability improvement, good treatment effect and the like.
An adjustable constructed wetland system comprises more than two constructed wetland units and a filtering water distribution channel surrounding each constructed wetland unit, wherein a filtering layer is arranged in the filtering water distribution channel, and movable baffles are respectively arranged at the positions of the diagonal water distribution channels of the constructed wetland.
Preferably, a single constructed wetland unit and the filtering distribution channel form a reverse structure, and two adjacent constructed wetland units are arranged in a Chinese character 'ri' structure.
Preferably, the filtering water distribution channel comprises a filtering water inlet channel, a filtering water outlet channel and a branch channel, wherein the filtering water inlet channel is positioned above the constructed wetland unit, the filtering water outlet channel is positioned below the constructed wetland unit, and the branch channel is positioned at two sides of the constructed wetland unit.
Preferably, the movable baffle is fixed in a rotation mode of rotating 90 degrees along the external corner of the pool wall or is arranged in a plug-in mode.
Preferably, each artificial wetland unit inlet water is connected with the outlet water of the filtering distribution channel.
Preferably, the lower end of the connecting pool wall of the filtering water inlet channel and the constructed wetland unit is provided with a water inlet, and the water inlet consists of a plurality of holes; the water outlet of each constructed wetland unit is collected by adopting a perforated water collecting pipe, then is communicated with a filtering water outlet channel through a water outlet pipe, and a check valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe.
Preferably, the water outlet pipeline formed by the perforated water collecting pipe and the water outlet pipe is 20 cm-25 cm away from the top of the artificial wetland unit pond.
Preferably, the filtering distribution canal and the artificial wetland unit cell body are constructed by adopting a reinforced concrete structure, and the side wall and the bottom surface of the inner part of the artificial wetland unit cell body are provided with impermeable layers; the bottom of the filtering distribution canal is arranged according to the gradient of 0.1 percent.
Preferably, the filter layer is composed of filter materials with different apertures, the filter materials are gravels, the particle sizes of the gravel layers are sequentially reduced from bottom to top, and the gravel layers are respectively 30-40 cm high and 3.5-5.0 cm particle sizes, and the gravel layers are 30-35 cm high and 2.0-3.0 cm particle sizes.
Preferably, the constructed wetland unit bed body is internally provided with wetland plants, a substrate layer and a plurality of aeration pipes which are distributed in a scattered way, the aeration pipes vertically penetrate through the substrate layer, and a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the aeration pipes in a layered and annular mode; the wetland plant is one or more of reed, typha, rich bamboo, graptopetalum album and canna; the matrix layer is composed of a gravel layer, a zeolite layer, a ceramsite layer, a slag layer and a planting soil layer from bottom to top, steel wire meshes are arranged between the planting soil layer and the slag layer and between the slag layer and the ceramsite layer, and the mesh aperture of the steel wire meshes is smaller than 2mm.
The operation mode of the constructed wetland system can be in a serial connection mode or a parallel connection mode or a serial-parallel connection compound mode, the water inlet mode can be continuous water inlet or intermittent water inlet, the intermittent water inlet ensures that the whole system continuously operates to adjust the wetland into an intermittent water inlet state, namely, the whole system is divided into two circuits, one water inlet is carried out, the other water inlet is idle and is rest, and the two treatment circuits are circulated, so that the self-repairing capability of the system can be effectively improved, the blockage of the wetland can be slowed down and avoided while the whole system can continuously inlet water, and on the other hand, the operation of the whole system is not influenced when a certain wetland is maintained, and the stability of the system is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a water inlet;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of example 2 series run-continuous feed;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a single parallel operation-continuous feed for example 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of example 4 parallel-series combined operation-continuous feed;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a circuit for series-parallel combined operation-intermittent water feeding in example 5;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another circuit for the series-parallel combined operation-intermittent water feeding of example 5.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an adjustable constructed wetland system is provided, sewage enters the adjustable constructed wetland system through a water inlet pipe 1, the system comprises a first constructed wetland unit 2, a second constructed wetland unit 3, a third constructed wetland unit 4 and filtering distribution channels around the constructed wetland unit, each filtering distribution channel comprises a filtering water inlet channel 5, a filtering water outlet channel 6 and branch channels, the filtering water inlet channel 5 is positioned above the constructed wetland unit, the filtering water outlet channel 6 is positioned below the constructed wetland unit, the branch channels are positioned on two sides of the constructed wetland unit, each branch channel comprises a first branch channel 7, a second branch channel 8 and a third branch channel 9, and water inlet of each constructed wetland unit is connected with water outlet of the filtering distribution channels. The single constructed wetland unit and the filtering distribution channel form a reverse structure, and two adjacent constructed wetland units are arranged in a Chinese character 'ri' structure.
The movable baffles are respectively arranged at the diagonal water distribution channel positions of the constructed wetland and comprise a first movable baffle 10 (movable at two positions A and a), a second movable baffle 11 (movable at two positions B and B), a third movable baffle 12 (movable at two positions C and C), a fourth movable baffle 13 (movable at two positions D and D) and a fifth movable baffle 14 (movable at two positions E and E), wherein the movable baffles adopt a fixed rotation form rotated by 90 degrees along the external corner of the pool wall or adopt a plug-in form. The position of the baffle plate can be adjusted to form various adjustable functions such as a series or parallel operation mode of the constructed wetland, a continuous or intermittent water inlet mode and the like.
The filtering water distribution canal is internally provided with a filter layer, the filter layer is composed of filter materials with different apertures, the filter materials are gravels, the particle sizes of the gravels become smaller from bottom to top, and the gravels are 30-40 cm in height and 3.5-5.0 cm in particle size and 2.0-3.0 cm in particle size and 30-35 cm in height respectively. The sewage is filtered by the filtering water distribution channel and then distributed to the constructed wetland unit.
The lower end of the connecting pool wall of the filtering water inlet channel and the constructed wetland unit is provided with a water inlet 15 which consists of a plurality of holes; the water outlet of each constructed wetland unit is collected by adopting a perforated water collecting pipe 26, and then is communicated with a filtering water outlet channel 6 through a water outlet pipe 16, and a check valve 17 is arranged on the water outlet pipe; the water outlet pipeline formed by the perforated water collecting pipe and the water outlet pipe is 20 cm-25 cm away from the top of the artificial wetland unit pond.
The filtering distribution canal and the constructed wetland unit cell body are constructed by adopting a reinforced concrete structure, and the side wall and the bottom surface of the inner part of the constructed wetland unit cell body are provided with impermeable layers; the bottom of the filtering distribution canal is arranged according to the gradient of 0.1 percent.
The artificial wetland unit bed body is internally provided with wetland plants 18, a substrate layer and a plurality of aeration pipes 19 which are distributed in a scattered way, wherein the aeration pipes vertically penetrate through the substrate layer, and a plurality of ventilation holes are layered on the aeration pipes; the wetland plant is one or more of reed, typha, rich bamboo, graptopetalum album and canna; the matrix layer is composed of a gravel layer 20, a zeolite layer 21, a ceramsite layer 22, a slag layer 23 and a planting soil layer 24 from bottom to top, steel wire meshes 25 are arranged between the planting soil layer and the slag layer and between the slag layer and the ceramsite layer, and the mesh aperture of the steel wire meshes is smaller than 2mm.
The water inlet pipe, the perforated water collecting pipe, the water outlet pipe and the vent holes are all PVC pipes.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 4, the first movable barrier 10 is moved to the a position, the second movable barrier 11 is moved to the B position, the third movable barrier 12 is moved to the C position, the fourth movable barrier 13 is moved to the D position, and the fifth movable barrier 14 is moved to the E position, so that a continuous water inflow operation mode of the constructed wetland in series can be formed.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 5, the first movable barrier 10 is moved to the a position, the second movable barrier 11 is moved to the b position, the third movable barrier 12 is moved to the c position, the fourth movable barrier 13 is moved to the d position, and the fifth movable barrier 14 is moved to the e position, so that a single parallel continuous water inflow operation mode of the constructed wetland can be formed.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 6, the first movable barrier 10 is moved to the a position, the second movable barrier 11 is moved to the b position, the third movable barrier 12 is moved to the c position, the fourth movable barrier 13 is moved to the D position, and the fifth movable barrier 14 is moved to the E position, so that a continuous water inlet operation mode of the constructed wetland 'parallel-series' can be formed.
Example 5
Referring to fig. 7, in intermittent operation, the first line is operated: the first constructed wetland unit and the third constructed wetland unit are operated by water inflow, and the second constructed wetland unit enters an idle rest stage. The first movable baffle 10, the second movable baffle 11, the third movable baffle 12, the fourth movable baffle 13 and the fifth movable baffle 14 are respectively moved to a, B, c, D, E positions, the water outlet pipe valve of the second constructed wetland unit is closed, water inlet pipe water enters the filtering water outlet channel through the perforated water collecting pipe after entering from the water inlet hole of the first constructed wetland unit, then enters from the water inlet hole of the third constructed wetland unit after entering the third section water inlet channel along the third branch channel, and so on. After a period of operation, the system is switched to a second line, and referring to fig. 8, the first constructed wetland unit and the third constructed wetland unit start to enter an idle rest stage, and the second constructed wetland unit is operated by water inflow. The first movable baffle 10, the second movable baffle 11, the third movable baffle 12, the fourth movable baffle 13 and the fifth movable baffle 14 are respectively moved to A, B, C, D, e positions, the water outlet pipe valves of the first constructed wetland unit and the third constructed wetland unit are closed, and the water inlet pipe enters the filtering water outlet channel through the perforated water collecting pipe after entering from the water inlet hole of the second constructed wetland unit through the water distribution filtering channel, and then enters the next constructed wetland unit at intervals. The alternation of the two lines is completed, namely, one operation period. The idle rest stage of wetland can prevent that the matrix hole that causes because organic matter and suspended solid deposit from excessively blocking up, the effectual permeability that resumes the system, on the other hand can reoxygenate the system, improves the self-repairing ability of bed body.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the specific directions must be taken, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. An adjustable constructed wetland system which is characterized in that: the system comprises a first constructed wetland unit, a second constructed wetland unit, a third constructed wetland unit and a filtering water distribution channel surrounding the periphery of the constructed wetland unit, wherein the filtering water distribution channel comprises a filtering water inlet channel, a filtering water outlet channel and branch channels, the filtering water inlet channel is positioned above the constructed wetland unit, the filtering water outlet channel is positioned below the constructed wetland unit, the branch channels are positioned on two sides of the constructed wetland unit, the branch channels comprise a first branch channel, a second branch channel and a third branch channel, and the water inlet of each constructed wetland unit is connected with the water outlet of the filtering water distribution channel; the single constructed wetland unit and the filtering distribution channel form a reverse structure, and two adjacent constructed wetland units are arranged in a Chinese character 'ri' structure;
the movable baffles are respectively arranged at the diagonal water distribution channel of the constructed wetland and comprise a first movable baffle, a second movable baffle, a third movable baffle, a fourth movable baffle and a fifth movable baffle, and the movable baffles are in a fixed rotation form of rotating 90 degrees along the external corner of the pool wall or in a plug-in form; the operation mode of 'series connection' or 'parallel connection' of the constructed wetland and the continuous or intermittent water inlet mode can be formed through adjusting the position of the baffle.
2. The adjustable constructed wetland system according to claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the connecting pool wall of the filtering water inlet channel and the constructed wetland unit is provided with a water inlet which consists of a plurality of holes; the water outlet of each constructed wetland unit is collected by adopting a perforated water collecting pipe, then is communicated with a filtering water outlet channel through a water outlet pipe, and a check valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe.
3. The adjustable constructed wetland system according to claim 2, wherein: the water outlet pipeline formed by the perforated water collecting pipe and the water outlet pipe is 20 cm-25 cm away from the top of the artificial wetland unit pond.
4. The adjustable constructed wetland system according to claim 1, wherein: the filtering distribution canal and the constructed wetland unit cell body are constructed by adopting a reinforced concrete structure, and the side wall and the bottom surface of the inner part of the constructed wetland unit cell body are provided with impermeable layers; the bottom of the filtering distribution canal is arranged according to the gradient of 0.1 percent.
5. The adjustable constructed wetland system according to claim 1, wherein: the filtering water distribution canal is internally provided with a filtering layer, the filtering layer is composed of filtering materials with different particle sizes, the filtering materials are gravels, the particle sizes of the gravels become smaller from bottom to top, the gravels are 30-40 cm in height and 3.5-5.0 cm in particle size, and the gravels are 2.0-3.0 cm in particle size and 30-35 cm in height.
6. The adjustable constructed wetland system according to claim 1, wherein: the artificial wetland unit bed body is internally provided with wetland plants, a matrix layer and a plurality of aeration pipes which are distributed in a scattered way, the aeration pipes vertically penetrate through the matrix layer, and a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the aeration pipes in a layered and annular mode; the wetland plant is one or more of reed, typha, rich bamboo, graptopetalum album and canna; the matrix layer is composed of a gravel layer, a zeolite layer, a ceramsite layer, a slag layer and a planting soil layer from bottom to top, steel wire meshes are arranged between the planting soil layer and the slag layer and between the slag layer and the ceramsite layer, and the mesh aperture of the steel wire meshes is smaller than 2mm.
CN201810337433.4A 2018-04-16 2018-04-16 Adjustable constructed wetland system Active CN108298692B (en)

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109292988B (en) * 2018-10-23 2024-01-02 山东省环科院环境工程有限公司 Anti-blocking emptying constructed subsurface constructed wetland and operation method thereof
CN110563146B (en) * 2019-09-17 2021-12-24 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 Annular horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland with adjustable operation mode
CN113003728A (en) * 2021-02-07 2021-06-22 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Combined controllable efficient purification constructed wetland system

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201037128Y (en) * 2007-04-29 2008-03-19 北京国环清华环境工程设计研究院 Adjustable undercurrent artificial wet land sewage treatment system
CN103241893A (en) * 2013-04-24 2013-08-14 中国林业科学研究院林业新技术研究所 Series-parallel adjustable composite constructed wetland system
CN204981344U (en) * 2015-07-20 2016-01-20 郑州大学 A constructed wetland system for tertiary deep purification of cities and towns sewage treatment plant
CN105399211A (en) * 2015-12-19 2016-03-16 西安建筑科技大学 Control method of water seal and flow uniformity for modular constructed wetlands
CN208279380U (en) * 2018-04-16 2018-12-25 九江赛恩斯环保科技发展有限公司 A kind of adjustable type artificial wet land system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201037128Y (en) * 2007-04-29 2008-03-19 北京国环清华环境工程设计研究院 Adjustable undercurrent artificial wet land sewage treatment system
CN103241893A (en) * 2013-04-24 2013-08-14 中国林业科学研究院林业新技术研究所 Series-parallel adjustable composite constructed wetland system
CN204981344U (en) * 2015-07-20 2016-01-20 郑州大学 A constructed wetland system for tertiary deep purification of cities and towns sewage treatment plant
CN105399211A (en) * 2015-12-19 2016-03-16 西安建筑科技大学 Control method of water seal and flow uniformity for modular constructed wetlands
CN208279380U (en) * 2018-04-16 2018-12-25 九江赛恩斯环保科技发展有限公司 A kind of adjustable type artificial wet land system

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