CN108293554A - A kind of fresh food peach garden building method - Google Patents
A kind of fresh food peach garden building method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108293554A CN108293554A CN201710773211.2A CN201710773211A CN108293554A CN 108293554 A CN108293554 A CN 108293554A CN 201710773211 A CN201710773211 A CN 201710773211A CN 108293554 A CN108293554 A CN 108293554A
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- fresh food
- peach
- planting
- plant
- building method
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fresh food peach garden building methods, include the following steps：(1) building well is planned：Weather conditions select and land occupation condition selection；(2) variety selection；(3) it transplants：1% copper sulphate of seedling root is soaked 5 minutes before plant, then is put into soak 2 minutes in 2% lime liquor and carry out disinfection；By root system spread apart when planting seedling, nursery stock righting, graft union gently carries seedling when banketing upwards towards direction windward, steady and sure, makes root system and soil fully contiguity；The depth of planting is equal with ground with rhizome portion；After plantation, pour water immediately.The fresh food peach garden building method of the present invention selects, suitable for geographical location and nursery stock kind, by the method for planting of science, can comparatively fast complete building well, while plant percent is high in garden.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, more particularly to a kind of fresh food peach garden building method.
Background technology
Peach, the rose family, peach category are sweet and delicious, are rich in multivitamin, and the content of protein doubles than apple, grape,
Seven times more than pear；The content of iron is three times more than apple, five times more than pear, is known as the good reputation of " queen in fruit ".Also there is U.S.
The functions such as skin, clearing stomach, moistening lung, eliminating the phlegm, anti-anemia action, anticoagulant effect, anti-hepatic fibrosis, inducing diuresis for treating strangurtia, always by consumer
It welcomes.
It is insufficient due to considering when current peach building well, it is susceptible to low peach survival rate, variet complexity, fruit quality difference etc.
Problem.
Invention content
In order to solve problems in the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of fresh food peach garden building methods.The technology
Scheme is as follows：
On the one hand, a kind of fresh food peach garden building method, includes the following steps：
(1) building well is planned：Weather conditions select and land occupation condition selection；
(2) variety selection；
(3) it transplants：Plant before to seedling root with 1% copper sulphate leaching 5 minutes, then be put into 2% lime liquor soak 2 minutes into
Row disinfection；By root system spread apart when planting seedling, nursery stock righting, graft union gently carries seedling when banketing towards direction windward, steps on upwards
It is real, make root system and soil fully contiguity；The depth of planting is equal with ground with rhizome portion；After plantation, pour water immediately.
Further, step (1) the building well planning mesoclimate condition specifically includes：
Temperature：12-17 DEG C of year-round average temperature, the absolute lowest temperature >=-23 DEG C, the low temperature accumulation of rest period≤7.2 DEG C
600h or more；
Rainfall：560-750 millimeters of average annual precipitation；
Illumination：Year sunshine time >=1200h.
Further, step (1) the building well planning neutral zone condition specifically includes：
Height above sea level：800-1300 meters, to develop based on late-maturing fresh food peach, 400-800 meters of height above sea level are early, middle and late to develop
Based on ripe fresh food peach and special processing fruit；
The gradient, slope aspect：Level land and the gradient on 6 ° of gentle slopes below, transplant behavior north-south；Mountain of the gradient at 6 ° -20 °
Ground, hilly ground, plant row extend along contour.
Further, step (2) variety selection is specially：The ratio of main breed and pollinated variety is in 5-8:1；When
When the pollen sterility of main cultivation, the ratio of main breed and pollinated variety is 2-4:1.
Further, planting pit size is 80cm × 80cm × 80cm in step (3) plant, can on the barren ground of sand
It increases；Organic fertilizer is applied in planting hole or planting furrow.
Further, the plant time is in step (3) plant：After fall foliage to before the peach rudiment of spring next year
It can transplant, being planted with the autumn is advisable；There are freeze injury or the areas of arid stripping, are preferably transplanted in spring；It is advantageous that Northern Area of Huaihe River plants sprout
It is shaped in current year.
Further, planting density is in step (3) plant：According to the land occupation condition, kind, pruning in field
Depending on mode and management level, distance between rows and hills (3-5) m × (4-6) m.
Further, for stock in Northern Area of Huaihe River based on wild peach and mountain peach, a small amount of nursery stock can be in the step (3) plant
Select Gansu peach or Xinjiang peach；Using in the nursery stock production of free stock have stronger adaptability.
Further, the nursery stock main root selected in step (3) plant is complete, and minimum on main root there are three undamaged
Lateral root, capillary root is dense, and entire root system is disease-free, viability is strong, budders intact, and scapus is healthy and strong, not damaged.
The advantageous effect that technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention is brought is：The fresh food peach garden building method of the present invention, choosing
Building well, while Survival rate of nursery stock in garden can comparatively fast be completed suitable for geographical location and nursery stock kind by the method for planting of science by selecting
Rate is high.
Specific implementation mode
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiment of the present invention is made below further
It is described in detail on ground.
Embodiment
1, peach home environment condition is eaten raw
The fresh food peach place of production refers to the field of the cultivating fresh edible peach with certain area and production capacity.Environmental condition refers to shadow
Ring the natural conditions such as fresh food peach growth and products thereof air, irrigation water and the soil of quality.
1.1 place of production general requirements
The fresh food peach place of production should select, separate pollution sources good in ecological condition, and the agricultural with sustainable production capacity
Production area.The air quality in the place of production, irrigation water quality, soil quality must reach certain index request simultaneously, it should be
It is with fresh air, water quality is pure, soil is not affected by the area of pollution；It to take certain measure to protect environment simultaneously, make fresh food
The peach place of production meets the requirements for a long time.
1.2 home environment air quality requirements
1.2.1 air quality standard
Nuisanceless fresh food peach home environment air quality should meet the regulation of table 1.
The concentration limit of every pollutant in 1 air of table
Note 1：It is per day to refer to any 1 day mean concentration；
Note 2：1 hourly average refers to any 1 hour mean concentration；
Note 3：Fluoride concentration is the value of dynamic method.
1.2.2 meet the provenance selection of air quality standard
Reach air quality standard as defined in table 1, it is desirable that there must not be the source of atmospheric pollution around the place of production and the place of production, especially
Uptake must not have pollution sources (such as chemical plant, steel plant, thermal power plant, cement plant, brick and tile kiln, limekiln etc.), must not have
Toxic and harmful gas, flue dust and dust emission.The coal-burning boiler of production and living is the important of Sulfur Dioxide In The Atmosphere and floating dust
Source, coal-burning boiler need device cleaner；It will produce the pollutants such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, no public affairs in vehicle exhaust
The evil fresh food peach place of production should avoid traffic main artery.
1.3 place of production irrigation water quality requirements
1.3.1 irrigation water quality standard
Nuisanceless fresh food peach place of production water quality should meet the regulation of table 2.
The concentration limit of every pollutant in 2 irrigation water of table
| Project | Concentration limit |
| PH value | 5.5-8.5 |
| Total mercury, mg/litre≤ | 0.001 |
| Total cadmium, mg/litre≤ | 0.005 |
| Total arsenic, mg/litre≤ | 0.10 |
| Total lead, mg/litre≤ | 0.10 |
| Chromium (sexavalence), mg/litre≤ | 0.10 |
1.3.2 meet the provenance selection of irrigation water quality standard
In addition to water quantity (number of such as surface water, distribution, groundwater resources and precipitation number) there are certain requirements
Outside, it is often more important that the requirement to irrigation water quality.Pollutant, especially heavy metal and toxic cannot be contained in irrigation water
Harmful substance, such as mercury, lead, chromium, cadmium, cyanide, fluoride.These pollutants can in the soil be accumulated by irrigating, so
Rich product is absorbed into fruit tree body by root system afterwards by is polluted.The place of production will be selected in surface water, quality of groundwater cleaning without dirt
The area of dye, far from easily water body is polluted factory, mine.Cause to have in water because of geology Crack cause for certain
The exceeded area of evil substance (such as fluorine), should avoid as possible.
1.4 Producing Area Soil quality requirements
1.4.1 soil quality standard
Nuisanceless fresh food peach Producing Area Soil quality should meet the regulation of table 3.
The prohibitive content of every pollutant in 3 soil of table
Note：Heavy metal (chromium is mainly trivalent) and arsenic are suitable for cation exchange capacity (CEC) by element gauge>5cmol(+)/
The soil sample of kg, if≤5cmol (+)/kg, standard value is the half of data in table.
1.4.2 meet the provenance selection of soil quality standard
It is required that the place of production is located at background value of soil element normal region, there is no metal or nonmetallic ore around the place of production and the place of production
Mountain is not affected by artificial pollution.Non agricultural chemical residuum in soil.For high (such as radioactive element of certain element nature backgrounds in soil
High background region of high background region, heavy metal element etc.) area, the nuisanceless fresh food peach place of production should not be used as.In addition, in selection without public affairs
When the evil fresh food peach place of production, it is also contemplated that soil fertility index, preferably selects the higher area of soil organic matter content.The soil texture with
Sandy soil is preferably.
The evaluation of 1.5 fresh food peach Regional environmental qualities
Be to eat the region of peach production base raw to work done in the manner of a certain author, it is necessary to pass through special environment measuring mechanism, according to table 1, table 2,
Quality standard listed by table 3 comprehensively monitor and evaluate, and place of production air, irrigation water, soil quality meet quality mark simultaneously
Alignment request, it can be determined as eating peach production base raw.
2, building well is planned
To be executed in strict accordance with the regulation of nuisanceless fresh food peach home environment condition to nuisanceless fresh food peach garden.It also answers simultaneously
Select weather and the optimum eugenic area of land occupation condition.
2.1 weather conditions
2.1.1 temperature：12-17 DEG C of year-round average temperature, the absolute lowest temperature >=-23 DEG C, the low temperature product of rest period≤7.2 DEG C
Tired 600h or more.
2.1.2 rainfall：560-750 millimeters of average annual precipitation.
2.1.3 illumination：Year sunshine time >=1200h.
2.2 land occupation condition
2.2.1 height above sea level
800-1300 meters, to develop based on late-maturing fresh food peach, 400-800 meters of height above sea level with develop early, middle and late ripe fresh food peach and
Based on special processing fruit.
2.2.2 the gradient, slope aspect
Level land and the gradient on 6 ° of gentle slopes below, transplant behavior north-south.Mountainous region of the gradient at 6 ° -20 °, hilly ground,
Plant row extends along contour.
3, variety selection
According to weather, kind planning side is formulated in conjunction with the type of kind, maturity period, quality, storage tolerance, resistance etc.
Case；Consider the composite factors such as market, traffic, consumption and social economy simultaneously.The ratio of main breed and pollinated variety generally exists
5-8:1；When the pollen sterility of main cultivation, the ratio of main breed and pollinated variety is improved to 2-4:1.
4, it transplants
4.1 planting generation
To can transplant before the peach rudiment of spring next year after fall foliage, being planted with the autumn is advisable；There are freeze injuries or arid to take out
The area of item is preferably transplanted in spring.Northern Area of Huaihe River plants sprout and is conducive to shape for the year.
4.2 method for planting
Planting pit size is preferably 80cm × 80cm × 80cm, can suitably be increased on the barren ground of sand.Planting hole or planting furrow
The organic fertilizer of interior application.
1% copper sulphate of seedling root is soaked after five minutes before plant, then is put into soak 2 minutes in 2% lime liquor and disappear
Poison.
By root system spread apart when planting seedling, nursery stock righting, graft union gently carries seedling when banketing towards direction windward, steps on upwards
It is real, make root system and soil fully contiguity.The depth of planting is advisable so that rhizome portion is equal with ground.After plantation, pour water immediately.
4.3 planting systems and density
Planting density should be according to land occupation condition (including weather, soil and topography etc.), kind, the pruning mode in field
With depending on management level etc., general distance between rows and hills (3-5) m × (4-6) m.
4.4 Root-stock selection
Based on wild peach and mountain peach, a small amount of nursery stock can select Gansu peach or Xinjiang peach for Northern Area of Huaihe River.According to Xi'an periphery
The production practices of orchard worker, using in the nursery stock production of free stock have stronger adaptability.
4.5 the selection of nursery stock
The nursery stock main root of selection is complete, and minimum on main root there are three undamaged lateral roots, and capillary root is dense, entire root system without
Disease, viability are strong.It budders intact.Scapus is healthy and strong, not damaged.
The fresh food peach garden building method of the present invention, selects suitable for geographical location and nursery stock kind, by the method for planting of science,
Building well can be comparatively fast completed, while plant percent is high in garden.
For other alternative solutions of above-mentioned technical characteristic, the present invention will not enumerate herein.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of fresh food peach garden building method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) building well is planned：Weather conditions select and land occupation condition selection；
(2) variety selection；
(3) it transplants：1% copper sulphate of seedling root is soaked 5 minutes before plant, then is put into soak 2 minutes in 2% lime liquor and disappear
Poison；By root system spread apart when planting seedling, nursery stock righting, graft union gently carries seedling when banketing upwards towards direction windward, steady and sure, makes
Root system and soil fully contiguity；The depth of planting is equal with ground with rhizome portion；After plantation, pour water immediately.
2. fresh food peach garden building method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step (1) building well plans mesoclimate item
Part specifically includes：
Temperature：12-17 DEG C of year-round average temperature, the absolute lowest temperature >=-23 DEG C, rest period≤7.2 DEG C low temperature accumulation 600h with
On；
Rainfall：560-750 millimeters of average annual precipitation；
Illumination：Year sunshine time >=1200h.
3. fresh food peach garden building method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that step (1) building well plans neutral zone item
Part specifically includes：
Height above sea level：800-1300 meters, to develop based on late-maturing fresh food peach, 400-800 meters of height above sea level are early, middle and late ripe fresh to develop
It eats based on peach and special processing fruit；
The gradient, slope aspect：Level land and the gradient on 6 ° of gentle slopes below, transplant behavior north-south；Mountainous region, mound of the gradient at 6 ° -20 °
Mound, plant row extends along contour.
4. fresh food peach garden building method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that step (2) variety selection is specially：It is main
The ratio of kind and pollinated variety is planted in 5-8:1；When the pollen sterility of main cultivation, the ratio of main breed and pollinated variety is 2-
4:1。
5. fresh food peach garden building method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that planting pit size in step (3) plant
For 80cm × 80cm × 80cm, can be increased on the barren ground of sand；Organic fertilizer is applied in planting hole or planting furrow.
6. fresh food peach garden building method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the plant time is in step (3) plant：
To can transplant before the peach rudiment of spring next year after fall foliage, being planted with the autumn is advisable；There are freeze injury or the area of arid stripping,
It is transplanted in spring；Northern Area of Huaihe River plants sprout and is conducive to shape for the year.
7. fresh food peach garden building method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that planting density is in step (3) plant：
Depending on the land occupation condition in field, kind, pruning mode and management level, distance between rows and hills (3-5) m × (4-6) m.
8. fresh food peach garden building method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that stock is in the Huaibei in step (3) plant
Based on wild peach and mountain peach, a small amount of nursery stock can select Gansu peach or Xinjiang peach in area；Using having in the nursery stock production of free stock
Stronger adaptability.
9. fresh food peach garden building method as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the nursery stock selected in step (3) plant
Main root is complete, and minimum on main root there are three undamaged lateral roots, and capillary root is dense, and entire root system is disease-free, viability is strong, budders
Intact, scapus is healthy and strong, not damaged.
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| CN201710773211.2A CN108293554A (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2017-08-31 | A kind of fresh food peach garden building method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110278822A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-09-27 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院蔬菜研究所 | A method of peach is cultivated in high altitude localities |
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Application publication date: 20180720 |