CN108290239A - Vertical narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method - Google Patents
Vertical narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108290239A CN108290239A CN201680067526.9A CN201680067526A CN108290239A CN 108290239 A CN108290239 A CN 108290239A CN 201680067526 A CN201680067526 A CN 201680067526A CN 108290239 A CN108290239 A CN 108290239A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
Suitably control bonding layer welding condition, especially welding torch angle, welding heat input quantity, swing condition, depth of engagement during bonding layer is welded is set as 20mm or more and 65mm or less, and when end layer is welded, mobile coldplate will be slided to up direction and be butted on thick steel products from welding torch side pressure as the surface backing material of the groove of thick steel products, welded while so that coldplate uplink is moved corresponding to the uplink movement of welding torch.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding methods, more particularly, to the butt welding that can be suitable for two thick steel products
Vertical narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method.
In the present invention, " narrow groove " refer to bevel angle be 25 ° or less and as between the steel of soldered material most
Small groove width is 50% or less situation of the plate thickness of the steel.
Background technology
The gas shield welding that the welding procedure of steel uses is typically by CO2Individual gas or Ar and CO2Mixing
Gas is used in the consumable electrode type of the protection of fusing department.Such gas shield welding automobile, building, bridge, shipbuilding and
It is widely used in the manufacturing field of electrical equipment etc..
However, in recent years, along with enlargement/wall thickening of steel structure, welding in manufacturing process, especially steel
Butt welding in deposition amount increase, welding procedure in addition needs the more time, can lead to the increase of construction cost.
As the method improved to it, it is contemplated that by arc-welding method by the groove welding in the gap smaller relative to plate thickness
Groove gas shield welding connect, narrow is applicable in.The narrow groove gas shield welding is melted compared with common gas shield welding
The amount of applying is reduced, therefore can realize high efficiency/energy-saving of welding, or even it can be expected that brings the reduction of construction cost.
On the other hand, in vertical high efficiency welding, usually applicable electroslag welding, but the essentially heat of 1 welding bead size
Amount input welding, in the welding that plate thickness is more than 60mm, heat input becomes excessive and toughness may decline.Moreover, in 1 weldering
There are the present situation of welding that the limit of plate thickness, especially plate thickness are more than 65mm it is currently to be had not been established in technology in road welding.
Narrow groove gas shield welding is suitable for the high-quality of vertical welding and efficient weldering therefore, it is intended that developing
Connect method.
As the welding method that such narrow groove gas shield welding is suitable for vertical welding, for example, patent document 1
Disclose the both sides multi-layer welding method using the U-shaped bevel joint in two sides as object.In the welding method, carry out having used inertia
The stacking of the TIG weld of gas is welded, and is inhibited slag by using inert gas or is sputtered the generation of object, stacking is prevented to lack
It falls into.
However, MAG welding or CO of the TIG weld of non-consumable electrode formula with the steel wire used as consumption electrode2Welding
It compares, the welding method efficiency of itself significantly deteriorates.
In addition, patent document 2 discloses the narrow groove for carrying out the swing of welding torch to inhibit to sputter object or lack of fusion
Vertical welding method.
However, in the welding method, the swaying direction of welding torch is not groove depth direction but surface of steel plate direction, because
This needs to make torch oscillation before molten metal drippage, as a result, needing that welding current is made to be the low current of 150A or so, needs
Inhibit the deposition amount (≈ heats input quantity) of every 1 welding bead.
Therefore, when the welding method to be suitable for the welding of the larger thick steel products of plate thickness, become the layer of a small amount of more welding beads
Stitch welding connects, and the bad equal stacking defect of fusion penetration increases, and welding efficiency significantly declines.
In addition, in patent document 3, it is same as patent document 2, it discloses to inhibit lack of fusion and carries out welding torch
The vertical welding method swung.
Face angle degree (bevel angle) disclosed herein is 26.3~52 °, is wider, but the swing of welding torch in this
It is to be carried out relative to groove depth direction.Therefore, in the vertical welding method of patent document 3, every 1 can be obtained more
The deposition amount of welding bead.
However, the oscillating quantity in groove depth direction is small, and does not consider welding metal and welding wire composition, therefore generate inhibition
The needs of the deposition amount (≈ heats input quantity) of every 1 welding bead, the depth of weld of every 1 welding bead shoal as 10mm or so.
Therefore, when the welding method to be suitable for the welding of the larger thick steel products of plate thickness, still become a small amount of more welding beads
Stacking welding, fusion penetration is bad to wait stacking defect to increase, and welding efficiency declines in addition.
In addition, patent document 4 discloses the carbon dioxide gas of two electrodes of 1 pass weld that can carry out extremely thick material
Protect welder.
By the use of the carbon dioxide gas arc welding device of two electrode, can carry out up to plate thickness 70mm's or so
The engagement of thick steel products.However, due to two electric polarization and heat input quantity significantly increases as 360kJ/cm or so.Therefore, to steel
The heat affecting of plate is big, and in the case of the high characteristic of jointing requirements (intensity, toughness), the case where characteristic as satisfaction becomes very
It is difficult.
In addition, in the carbon dioxide gas arc welding device of two electrode, since the electric arc of back side lateral electrode is difficult to see
It examines, therefore there are problems that being difficult to prevent weld defect.In addition, in the carbon dioxide gas arc welding device of two electrode,
The problems such as due to groove size precision and be difficult in groove be arranged copper pressing plate, as more welding beads stacking welding and it is difficult
To realize inputization low in calories.
Citation
Patent document
Patent document 1：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2009-61483 bulletins
Patent document 2：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2010-115700 bulletins
Patent document 3：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2001-205436 bulletins
Patent document 4：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 10-118771 bulletins
Invention content
The subject that the invention solves
As described above, the high-quality of the welding of thick steel products and efficient vertical narrow groove gas shield arc can be suitable for
Soldering method is not developed also currently.
On the other hand, the light weight of welding automatization technology (welding robot)/high function/high precision int is constantly in progress, and fits
Swing together in bevel shape difficult so far and the welding torch of welding posture is possibly realized, by carrying out effective profit to it
With, can become be suitable for steel, bevel shape, welding posture and welding material (welding wire) welding procedure (condition setting).
The purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind by efficiently using high function and high-precision welding automatization technology
It can be suitable for the welding for the thick steel products that thick steel products especially plate thickness is 40mm or more, high-quality and efficient vertical narrow slope
Gas protects arc welding method.
Solution for solving the problem
Inventors in order to solve above-mentioned problem, about by vertical narrow groove gas shield welding be suitable for thick steel products when
Welding condition, be repeated and carefully studied.
As a result, having obtained following opinion：When carrying out the vertical narrow groove gas shield welding of thick steel products, it is
Obtain desirable mechanicalness characteristic in welding metal and heat affected zone and realize the high efficiency of welding, be set as narrow groove and
It reduces deposition amount and inhibits the welding heat input quantity of every 1 welding bead, depth of engagement (depth of weld) control during bonding layer is welded
The case where at defined range, is most important.
Therefore, inventors have been pushed further into research about the welding condition for carrying out above-mentioned welding.Its result
Be, by the way that groove condition is set as defined condition, and suitably control bonding layer welding condition, especially welding torch angle and
Swing condition, the welding bead shape including inhibition so as to realize the drippage of the molten metal including becoming problem in vertical welding
The stabilisation of shape and the generation of weld defect prevent, and reach the depth of engagement of above-mentioned bonding layer welding.Also, it results in
Following opinion：Even plate thickness is the thick steel products of 40mm or more, can also carry out obtaining the Gao Pin of desirable mechanicalness characteristic
Matter and efficient vertical narrow groove gas shield welding.
In addition, in the case where carrying out vertical gas as described above and protecting arc-welding, it has been found that welded according to end layer
Welding condition and the welding bead appearance of finally obtained welding point the problem of being easy deterioration, therefore inventors are in order to solve this
Some discussion has been pushed further into it.
As a result, having obtained following opinion：When end layer is welded, the cold of movement will be slided to up direction
But plate is butted on thick steel products as the surface backing material of the groove of thick steel products from welding torch side pressure, it is mobile corresponding to the uplink of welding torch and
It is welded while so that coldplate uplink is moved, thus, it is possible to easily obtain beautiful welding bead appearance.
The present invention is to discuss based on above-mentioned opinion and further the invention completed later.
That is, the purport structure of the present invention is as described below.
1. a kind of vertical narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method, 25 ° are set as hereinafter, groove interval is set as by bevel angle
20mm is hereinafter, two thick steel products that plate thickness is 40mm or more are connect by using the single layer welding or multi-layer welding of swing
It closes, wherein
When bonding layer welds, the angle of welding torch is set as 25 ° or more and 75 ° hereinafter, by sweating heat relative to horizontal direction
Amount input be set as 30kJ/cm or more and 300kJ/cm hereinafter, and by the swing depth on plate thickness direction be set as 15mm or more and
63mm is hereinafter, and in the case where the weld width for welding bonding layer is set as W by the side vertical with plate thickness direction and sealing wire
Upward swing maximum width is set as (W-6) mm or more and Wmm hereinafter, to carry out the swing of welding torch, and the bonding layer is welded
Depth of engagement be set as 20mm or more and 65mm hereinafter,
When end layer is welded, mobile coldplate will be slided to up direction as the groove of the thick steel products
Surface backing material is butted on the thick steel products from welding torch side pressure, makes the cooling on one side corresponding to the uplink movement of the welding torch
The movement of plate uplink is welded on one side.
2. the vertical narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method recorded according to described 1, wherein in the swing of bonding layer welding
In, the lateral movement pattern for the welding torch observed from sealing wire direction is U-shaped.
3. the vertical narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method recorded according to described 1 or 2, wherein in the bonding layer welding
The S amounts of welding metal and O amounts add up to 450 mass ppm hereinafter, and N amounts are 120 mass ppm or less.
4. the vertical narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method recorded according to described any one of 1~3, wherein the bonding layer
The Si amounts of the welding wire used in welding and Mn amounts add up to 1.5 mass % or more and 3.5 mass % or less.
5. the vertical narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method recorded according to described any one of 1~4, wherein the bonding layer
The Ti amounts of the welding wire used in welding, Al amounts and Zr amounts add up to 0.08 mass % or more and 0.50 mass % or less.
6. the vertical narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method recorded according to described any one of 1~5, wherein using containing
The CO of 20 volume % or more2The protective gas that the gas of gas is welded as the bonding layer.
7. the vertical narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method recorded according to described any one of 1~6, wherein the bonding layer
The average welding current of welding is 270A or more and 360A or less.
Invention effect
According to the present invention, even if in the case where being welded the thick steel products that plate thickness is 40mm or more, packet can be also realized
The stabilisation of weld bead shape including drippage inhibition containing the molten metal for becoming problem in vertical welding, prevents weld defect,
And implement high-quality and efficient narrow groove gas shield welding.
Also, the welding method of present invention deposition amount compared with common gas shield welding is few, can also realize and be based on
The energy-saving of the high efficiency of welding, therefore welding procedure cost can be greatly reduced, and then can easily obtain beauty
Welding bead appearance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the figure for the example for indicating various bevel shapes.
Fig. 2 is indicated under the bevel shape of V-arrangement, is welded to bonding layer using the welding method of one embodiment of the present invention
Tap into the figure of an example of construction main points when row construction.
Fig. 3 is indicated under the bevel shape of V-arrangement, and bonding layer is implemented using the welding method of one embodiment of the present invention
The figure of an example of the groove section after welding.
Fig. 4 is the example of the lateral movement pattern for the welding torch that the slave sealing wire direction in the swing for indicate bonding layer welding is observed
Figure, (a) be U-shaped the case where, (b) be trapezoidal situation, (c) be V-shaped the case where, (d) be triangle the case where.
Fig. 5 shows the welding method using one embodiment of the present invention, construction when constructing to end layer welding
An example of main points.
Fig. 6 is to implement the photo after bonding layer welding, (a) shows whole appearance, (b) in example (No.7)
Groove section is shown.
Specific implementation mode
Hereinafter, specifically describing the present invention.
Fig. 1 (a)~(c) is the figure for the example for indicating various bevel shapes.In figure, label 1 is thick steel products, and 2 be thick steel products
Groove face, 3 be (at single V groove with root face) groove in steel hypomere portion, indicates bevel angle using mark θ, G is utilized to indicate groove
Interval is indicated plate thickness using t, the groove depth in (at single V groove with root face) steel hypomere portion is indicated using h.
As shown in the drawing, V-butt (including I shapes groove and レ shapes can also be set as in this as the bevel shape of object
Any of groove) and single V groove with root face, but also the single V groove with root face of multistage can be set as shown in Fig. 1 (c).
It should be noted that shown in such as Fig. 1 (b) and (c), bevel angle and groove interval when single V groove with root face are set as steel
Bevel angle at the groove in hypomere portion and groove interval.Here, the groove in steel hypomere portion refers to becoming the back of the body from welding
The steel face in face (using the face of welder (welding torch) side as surface, using the face of its opposite side as the back side) is to the 20~40% of plate thickness
The region of left and right.
In addition, Fig. 2 is indicated under the bevel shape of V-arrangement, implemented using the welding method of one embodiment of the present invention
The figure of construction main points when bonding layer welds.In figure, label 4 is welding torch, and 5 be welding wire, and 6 be back side backing material, and φ is welding torch phase
For the angle of horizontal direction.It should be noted that about sealing wire, fusion pool and welding bead, illustration omitted.
Here, as shown in Fig. 2, this welding method is will to become 2 thick steel products docking of defined plate thickness, by using pendulum
The gas shield welding that above-mentioned thick steel products are engaged with each other by dynamic vertical welding substantially makes upward upward of direction of travel
Welding.
It should be noted that here, indicated by taking the bevel shape of V-arrangement as an example, but in other bevel shapes
It is lower also the same.
In addition, Fig. 3 is indicated under the bevel shape of V-arrangement, implemented using the welding method of one embodiment of the present invention
The figure of groove section after bonding layer welding.In figure, label 7 is welding bead (welding bead of bonding layer welding), is indicated just using mark D
The depth of engagement of layer welding indicates the weld width (interval between groove after bonding layer welding) of bonding layer welding using W.
It should be noted that bonding layer welding depth of engagement D be using welding when as the back side steel face as starting point
In the case of the minimum value of bead height of bonding layer welding (welding bead of the bonding layer welding of (low) recently of the steel face away from starting point is high
Degree).
Here, indicated by taking the bevel shape of V-arrangement as an example, but under other bevel shapes, D and W are also the same.
Next, in the welding method of the present invention, illustrate the plate of bottom bevel angle, bottom groove interval and steel
Thickness is limited to the reasons why range above-mentioned.
Bevel angle θ：25 ° or less
The groove part of steel is smaller, then can more carry out faster and efficient welding, but reverse side more easy to produce it is molten
Close the defects of bad.Moreover, being welded in previous construction method when bevel angle is more than 25 ° can also implement.Therefore, exist
In the present invention, the bevel angle to be difficult to construct and estimate further high efficiency by previous construction method be 25 ° with
Under situation be object.
It should be noted that under V-butt, the case where bevel angle is 0 ° referred to as so-called I shapes groove, away from deposition amount
The case where face is this 0 ° is most effective, although bevel angle may be 0 ° (I shapes groove), the groove due to welding thermal strain
It is closed in welding, therefore it (is wherein, steel in the case of single V groove with root face to estimate such case and preferably set with plate thickness t
The corresponding bevel angles of groove depth h) in hypomere portion.
Specifically, bevel angle is preferably that (0.5 × t/20) ° is above and (2.0 × t/20) is ° hereinafter, be more preferably
(0.8 × t/20) ° or more and (1.2 × t/20) ° or less.For example, plate thickness t be 100m when, bevel angle be preferably 2.5 ° with
Above and 10 ° hereinafter, more preferably 4 ° or more and 6 ° or less.
But, if plate thickness t is more than 100mm, the upper limit of preferred scope is more than 10 °, but the preferred model of such case
The upper limit enclosed is set as 10 °.
Groove interval G：20mm or less
The groove part of steel is smaller, then can more carry out faster and efficient welding.Moreover, being more than at groove interval
In welding when 20mm, molten metal is easy drippage and constructional difficulties.As its countermeasure, need by welding current inhibit compared with
It is low, but easy to produce slag and be involved in equal weld defects.Therefore, groove interval is using the situation of 20mm or less as object.Preferably 4mm
Above and 12mm or less.
Plate thickness t：40mm or more
The plate thickness of steel is set as 40mm or more.This is because if the plate thickness of steel is less than 40mm, even with previous
Welding method, such as patent document 4 carbon dioxide gas arc welding, the performances such as intensity or toughness of connector will not generate
Big problem.
It should be noted that when using general rolled steel as object, about plate thickness, usual 100mm is the upper limit.Cause
This, the plate thickness of steel is preferably set to 100mm or less.It should be noted that be preferably set in the case where single layer welds 65mm with
Under.
It should be noted that the steel grade as soldered material, particularly preferred high tension steel is (for example, shipbuilding use is extremely thick
YP460MPa grades of steel (570MPa grades of steel of tensile strength) or TMCP steel SA440 for building (590MPa grades of steel of tensile strength)).This is
Because the welding heat input limitation of high tension steel is stringent, welding metal easy tos produce rupture, and due to welding heat affected and
The strength of joint or toughness that cannot be required.In contrast, in the welding method of the present invention, heat input quantity can be carried out：
300kJ/cm or less and efficient welding, it is even 590MPa grades of high-tensile steel, anti-corrosion as the 590MPa grades of high alloy system
Steel can also weld.Certainly, mild steel also without problem is coped with.
More than, in the welding method of the present invention, illustrate to carry out the plate thickness of bevel angle, groove interval and steel
The reasons why restriction, but in the welding method of the present invention, due to be suitable for the bevel shape and plate thickness of above-mentioned thick steel products
Heat input quantity efficiently welded, therefore suitably control bonding layer welding condition and make bonding layer weld depth of engagement at
For defined range the case where it is most important.
Hereinafter, illustrating the restriction reason and bonding layer welding condition of the depth of engagement in above-mentioned bonding layer welding.
Depth of engagement D in bonding layer welding：20mm or more and 65mm or less
In order to weld the thick steel products of the plate thickness of 40mm or more especially by multi-layer weldings more than two welding beads, need
Depth of engagement in making bonding layer weld is 20mm or more.If depth of engagement in bonding layer welding is less than 20mm, welding heat
It concentrates, therefore generates the drippage of molten metal.On the other hand, it if the depth of engagement in bonding layer welding is more than 65mm, welds
Heat input is easy to become excessive, and generates high temperature rupture, the fusion of the groove face caused by the heat dispersion in welding not
Good, slag such as is involved at the weld defects.Therefore, the depth of engagement in bonding layer welding is set as 20mm or more and 65mm or less.Preferably
25mm or more and 60mm or less.It should be noted that in the case where single layer welds, the depth of engagement D in bonding layer welding becomes
With plate thickness same degree (40mm or more).
The angle φ of welding torch (power supply tip front end)：It is 25 ° or more and 75 ° or less relative to horizontal direction
The angle of welding torch is compared to vertical and close to level, and thus electric arc is compared to welding bead surface and as back side direction, energy
Enough inhibit the drippage of molten metal.Here, the angle of welding torch, relative to horizontal direction and less than 25 °, the formation of welding bead becomes
It obtains difficult.On the other hand, the angle of welding torch is relative to horizontal direction and more than 75 °, it is difficult to inhibit the drippage of molten metal.
Therefore, the angle of welding torch needs to be set as 25 ° or more and 75 ° or less relative to horizontal direction.Preferably 30 ° or more and 45 ° with
Under.
Welding heat input quantity：30kJ/cm or more and 300kJ/cm or less
In multi-layer welding, number of weld passes is reduced by increasing heat the input quantity (=deposition amount) of every 1 welding bead, can be dropped
Defect is laminated in low welding.However, when welding heat input quantity becomes too much, it is difficult to ensure the intensity, toughness of welding metal, this
The softening of outer steel heat affected zone inhibits, toughness ensures to become difficult caused by coarse grains.Especially welding heat is defeated
When entering amount and being more than 300kJ/cm, it is indispensable to consider the diluted special welding wire of steel in order to ensure the characteristic of welding metal,
In addition, steel are also required to be the steel for being resistant to the design that welding heat inputs.On the other hand, in order to ensure molten metal and
To the weld part of not weld defect, the high situation of welding heat input quantity is advantageous, and welding heat input quantity is small at narrow groove
If 30kJ/cm, the melting of groove face is insufficient, and the generation that defect is laminated is inevitable.
Therefore, welding heat input quantity is set as 30kJ/cm or more and 300kJ/cm or less.Preferably 90kJ/cm or more and
280kJ/cm or less.
The swing depth L on plate thickness direction in the swing of welding torch：15mm or more and 63mm or less
This welding method be carry out welding torch swing method, but suitably inhibit in the swing of the welding torch in plate thickness side
Upward swing depth L and the aftermentioned feelings for swinging maximum width M on the direction vertical with plate thickness direction and sealing wire
Condition is most important.
It should be noted that swing depth L on plate thickness direction in various lateral movement patterns and with plate thickness direction
And shown in swing maximum width M such as Fig. 4 (a)~(d) on the vertical direction of sealing wire.
Here, as in basic upward welding in the vertical position in this welding method, the swing width of depth of engagement and plate thickness direction
As same degree.Therefore, if the swing depth on plate thickness direction is less than 15mm, it is difficult to the depth of engagement in making bonding layer weld
As 20mm or more.On the other hand, when the swing depth on plate thickness direction is more than 63mm, it is difficult to which the engagement in making bonding layer weld is deep
Degree becomes 65mm or less.In addition, welding heat input quantity becomes excessive, it is difficult to obtain in the heat affected zone of welding metal or steel
Desirable mechanical property, and easy to produce high temperature rupture, the fusion of the groove face caused by the heat dispersion in welding not
Good, slag such as is involved at the weld defects.
Therefore, the swing depth on plate thickness direction is set as 15mm or more and 63mm or less.Preferably 25mm or more and 60mm
Below.
The swing maximum width M on the direction vertical with plate thickness direction and sealing wire in the swing of welding torch：(W-6)mm
Above and Wmm or less (W：The weld width of bonding layer welding)
Groove face does not melt in order to prevent, needs the swing on the direction vertical with plate thickness direction and sealing wire is maximum
Width is set as (W-6) mm or more.On the other hand, the swing maximum width on the direction vertical with plate thickness direction and sealing wire is super
When crossing Wmm, molten metal is dripped and is welded invalid.
Therefore, the swing maximum width on the direction vertical with plate thickness direction and sealing wire be set as (W-6) mm or more and
Wmm ranges below.Preferably (W-4) mm or more and (W-1) mm or less.
It should be noted that in the case where single layer welds, W is to become surface (welder (welding torch) side in welding
Face) steel face at groove width.
In addition, the lateral movement pattern about welding torch, is not particularly limited, as shown in Fig. 4 (a)~(d), from sealing wire direction
It can be set as U-shaped, V-shaped, trapezoidal and triangle etc. when (consistent with welding direction of travel, usually vertical direction) observation.
It should be noted that in Fig. 4 (a)~(d), the welding torch at each point (being B points and C points in Fig. 4 (a)) of the direction change of welding torch
Track can have corner angle, fillet can also be carried.
But in upward welding in the vertical position, the drippage of molten metal is easy tod produce close to the swing at the position of face of weld side.
Moreover, when welding torch action is staggered with groove face, it cannot get the uniform melting of groove face, easy to produce the welding such as lack of fusion
Defect.In general trapezoidal and triangle the lateral movement pattern that action need not especially be inverted, device load is small, but reverse side
Due to welding torch action (D points of the trapezoidal lateral movement pattern of Fig. 4 (b) → A points, Fig. 4 (d) at the position close to face of weld side
The C points of triangle lateral movement pattern → A points) and easy to produce the drippage of molten metal.Therefore, from the drippage for inhibiting molten metal
Viewpoint is set out, and the U-shaped of the welding torch action of no face of weld side or the lateral movement pattern of V-shaped are preferably set to.
In addition, in the lateral movement pattern of V-shaped or triangle, at groove interval big (for example, 6mm or more), welding torch is dynamic
(for example, in the action of A points → B points of Fig. 4 (c), the track of welding torch front end and groove face are (close to weld with groove face deviation for work
The side of torch) no longer parallel etc.), it cannot get the uniform melting of groove face, easy to produce the weld defects such as lack of fusion.Cause
This, in this case, the case where being set as capable of making the lateral movement pattern for the U-shaped that welding torch parallelly acts with groove face, is most
Suitably.
It should be noted that the deepest point of welding torch front end when swing on plate thickness direction is (for example, the B of Fig. 4 (a), (b)
Point and C points, Fig. 4 (c), (d) B points) the distance a away from the steel back side be usually 2~5mm or so.
In addition, in the case where being applicable in U-shaped swing or trapezoidal swing for above-mentioned bevel shape, Fig. 4 (a), (b)
In M1、M2、M3Respectively become 2~18mm, 0~10mm, 0~10mm or so.
In addition, the frequency or dwell time (dwell time at each points such as A points shown in Fig. 4) when swinging do not limit especially
Fixed, as long as being set as, such as frequency is 0.25~0.5Hz (preferably 0.4Hz or more and 0.5Hz or less), dwell time is 0~0.5
Second (preferably 0.2 second or more and 0.3 second or less) left and right.
Primary condition is this concludes the description of, but in the welding method of the present invention, by further meeting item below
Part can inhibit the drippage of the molten metal especially in vertical welding as problem, realize the further of weld bead shape
It stabilizes.
The S amounts of welding metal in bonding layer welding and the total amount of O amounts：450 mass ppm or less
In order to realize stable upward welding in the vertical position, need the drippage for preventing molten metal and obtain stable weld bead shape (not have
Irregular smooth welding bead), especially for the drippage for preventing molten metal, the surface tension and viscosity of molten metal will be made
The situation that the S amounts and O burets of decline are managed relatively low is most important.
Here, if the S amounts of welding metal and the total amount of O amounts are more than 450 mass ppm (hereinafter, being also only called ppm),
Then other than the decline of surface tension and viscosity, the convection current of welding metal becomes outside on surface, the welding metal of high temperature from
Center carries out convection current towards periphery, and there is molten metal extension, the drippage of molten metal to easy to produce.Therefore, for melting gold
The S amounts and O amounts for the welding metal that the surface tension of category, viscosity, melt flowing are dominated are preferably with their total gauge
For 450ppm or less.More preferably 400ppm or less.It should be noted that, although be not particularly limited about lower limit, but it is excellent
Choosing is set as 15ppm.
In addition, in welding wire, usually contain 0.010 for the purpose for reducing surface tension and welding bead being made to planarize~
The S of 0.025 mass %.In the reduction of the S amounts of welding metal, other than the reduction of the S amounts of such welding wire itself, reduce
The case where S amounts in steel, is effective.
In addition, the O amounts of welding metal are due to the CO in protective gas2Oxidation and increase.For example, using 100 bodies
Product %CO2In the case that gas is as protective gas, the O amounts in welding metal increase by 0.040~0.050 mass % or so.
In the reduction of the O amounts of such welding metal, in addition to welding wire itself usually contains subtracting for the O of 0.003~0.006 mass % or so
It is effective to welding wire addition Si and Al except few.Moreover, improving welding current and arc voltage and being sufficiently carried out in molten metal
Slag metal reaction (deoxygenation), slag agglutination, to welding bead surface floating the case where it is also effective.
The N amounts of welding metal in bonding layer welding：120ppm or less
In solidification, the nitrogen (N) in welding metal is discharged from welding metal and becomes bubble.The generation of the bubble can cause
The vibration of liquation face, the reason of becoming the drippage of molten metal.When N amounts especially in welding metal are more than 120ppm, melting
The drippage of metal easy tos produce, therefore the N amounts of the welding metal in bonding layer welding are preferably set to 120ppm or less.More preferably
60ppm or less.It should be noted that, although being not particularly limited about lower limit, it is preferred that being set as 15ppm.
In addition, the nitrogen (N) usually in welding wire containing 50~80ppm is used as impurity, therefore, because the impurity of protective gas
N amounts with being mixed into for air in welding metal increase by 20~120ppm or so.On the other hand, in general, the nozzle inside diameter of arc-welding
For 16~20mm or so, therefore use such nozzle, it is difficult to will be more than the welding metal portion of the depth of engagement of the nozzle inside diameter
Divide protection completely, as a result, the N amounts in welding metal are also sometimes more than 200ppm.
In order to prevent the increase of such N amounts and make bonding layer weld in welding metal N amounts be 120ppm hereinafter, in turn
For 60ppm hereinafter, the setting gas protection system different from the nozzle of common arc-welding, thus inhibit air to welding metal
It is effective the case where being mixed into.
It should be noted that steel dilution when due to welding and S, O and N be from steel to welding metal liquate,
The above-mentioned S amounts for inhibiting the welding metal in bonding layer welding, O amounts and N amount aspects is, it is preferable to use S：0.005 mass % or less, O：
0.003 mass % or less and N：0.004 mass % steel below.
The Si amounts of the welding wire used in bonding layer welding and the total of Mn amounts：1.5 mass % or more and 3.5 mass % or less
The drippage of above-mentioned molten metal and the appearance of stable weld bead shape is obtained in order to prevent, forms the molten of appropriate amount
The case where slag, is most important.Slag is mainly by SiO2It is constituted with MnO, the slag amount is by the Si amounts of welding wire and the total of Mn amounts
Larger impact.
Here, if the Si amounts of welding wire and the total of Mn amounts are less than 1.5 mass %, it cannot be used to prevent melting gold sometimes
The sufficient slag amount of the drippage of category.On the other hand, when the Si amounts of welding wire and when totalling over 3.5 mass % of Mn amounts, slag
It is blocking, carry out obstacle to the later welded bands of next layer sometimes.Therefore, the Si amounts of welding wire that are used in bonding layer welding and Mn amounts
Total is preferably set to 1.5 mass % or more and 3.5 mass % or less.More preferably 1.8 mass % or more and 2.8 mass % with
Under.
Ti amounts, the total of Al amounts and Zr amounts of the welding wire used in bonding layer welding：0.08 mass % or more and 0.50 matter
Measure % or less
Drippage for molten metal above-mentioned in order to prevent simultaneously obtains the appearance of stable weld bead shape and plays important
Effect slag physical property (viscosity) produces bigger effect is TiO2、Al2O3And Zr2O3。
Here, if the total of the Ti amounts of welding wire, Al amounts and Zr amounts is less than 0.08 mass %, cannot melt in order to prevent
The viscosity of the drippage of metal and effective slag.On the other hand, the Ti amounts, Al amounts and Zr amounts of welding wire total over 0.50 matter
Measure % when, the removing of slag, it is remelted all become difficult, obstacle may be carried out to the later welded bands of next layer.
Therefore, the total of the Ti amounts of welding wire, Al amounts and the Zr amounts that are used in bonding layer welding is preferably 0.08 mass % or more
And 0.50 below mass %.More preferably 0.15 mass % or more and 0.25 mass % or less.
It should be noted that the ingredient about welding wire other than the above, as long as being fitted according to the ingredient of the thick steel products of welding
When selection, but, it is preferable to use S from the viewpoint of S amounts, O amounts and N amounts in above-mentioned inhibition welding metal：0.03
Quality % or less, O：0.01 mass % or less, N：0.01 mass % or less and then Si：0.05~0.80 mass %, Al：0.005
The welding wire (for example, JIS Z 3312YGW18 or JIS Z 3319YFEG-22C etc.) of~0.050 mass %.
Protective gas forms：Make CO2Gas is 20 volume % or more
The fusion penetration of weld part is propped up by the convection current of the electric arc gouge effect and welding metal in the condition of high temperature of itself
Match.In the case where the convection current of welding metal becomes inwardly, direction carries out convection current, therefore electricity to the welding metal of high temperature from the top down
Arc fusion penetration immediately below increases.On the other hand, in the case where the convection current of welding metal becomes outward, the welding metal of high temperature from
Center carries out convection current in the lateral direction, and there is welding bead the fusion penetration of extension and groove face to increase.Therefore, in the thickness of the target of the present invention
In the vertical multi-layer gas shield welding of steel, in order to inhibit to melt the drippage of (welding) metal and obtain uniform welding bead shape
Shape preferably makes the convection current of welding metal inside.
Here, from reducing for the viewpoint that the melt of welding metal flows the oxygen (O) dominated, by CO2Gas
Inhibit relatively low advantageous, but on the other hand, CO2Gas has and so that electric arc itself is tightened by the dissociation endothermic reaction and make welding
The more inside effect of the convection current of metal.
Therefore, it is formed as protective gas, preferably makes CO2Gas is 20 volume % or more.More preferably 60 volume % with
On.It should be noted that CO2As long as the remainder other than gas uses the non-active gas such as Ar.Moreover, CO2Gas
Can be 100 volume %.
In addition, the fusion penetration of weld part is also influenced by the directive property of electric arc and gouge effect.Therefore, the polarity of welding
It to be set according to the characteristic of welding material.
About condition other than the above, although not necessity of special provision, it is less than average welding current 270A's
Words, fusion pool is small, and state as the multi-layer welding of melting and solidification is repeated when surface side becomes whenever torch oscillation,
It easy tos produce lack of fusion or slag is involved in.On the other hand, when average welding current is more than 360A, melting (weldering is easy tod produce
Connect) drippage of metal, and due to weld fumes and sputtering object and the confirmation of electric arc point becomes difficult, the adjustment in construction
It becomes difficult.Therefore, average welding current is preferably set to 270~360A.Moreover, 270 are set as by the welding current that will be averaged~
360A can inhibit weld fumes, sputter the generation of object and obtain stable fusion penetration, therefore in terms of implementing this welding method more
Favorably.
About condition in addition to this, as long as according to universal method, as long as such as weldingvoltage：32~37V (with
Electric current rises together), speed of welding (upward)：2~15cm/ minutes (preferably 4cm/ minutes or more and 9cm/ minutes or less),
Welding wire protrudes length：20~45mm, gage of wire：1.2~1.6mm or so.
Bonding layer welding condition is this concludes the description of, but in the vertical narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method of the present invention, such as
Shown in Fig. 5, when end layer is welded, table of the mobile coldplate 8 as the groove of thick steel products 1 will be slided to up direction
Face pressure plate is butted on thick steel products 1 from 4 side pressure of welding torch, it is mobile corresponding to the uplink of welding torch 4 and. while so that 8 uplink of coldplate is moved
The case where being welded is most important.Thereby, it is possible to easily obtain beautiful welding bead appearance.It should be noted that in Fig. 5,
About the fusion pool and welding bead of end layer welding, illustration omitted.
Here, as coldplate, preferably water-cooled metallic plate made of copper (copper pressing plate).Moreover, from the viewpoint of workability
It sets out, the length on the up direction (sealing wire direction) of coldplate is preferably 0.4~2.0 times of the length of thick steel products.
It should be noted that the welding condition about each welding layer other than the above, is not particularly limited, as long as example,
It is same as bonding layer welding, it carries out swing corresponding with depth of engagement and is welded.In this case, welding current or weldering
If connect voltage, the case where welding conditions such as the welding wire that uses are set as welding with bonding layer it is same.
In addition, the stacking number until welding and completing is preferably set to 2 to 4 layers of left side from the viewpoint of preventing stacking defect
It is right.It should be noted that in the case where single layer welds, bonding layer is welded into end layer welding.
Embodiment
For 2 steel of bevel shape shown in table 1, the upward of narrow groove is implemented with welding condition shown in table 2
Vertical gas protects arc-welding.
Here, steel all employ S：0.005 mass % or less, O：0.003 mass % or less, N：0.004 mass % with
Under steel.It should be noted that the retaining wall on slope of steel uses gas cutting, groove face the finishings such as not to be ground.
In addition, welding wire used steel strength with or than its high 1 grade rank 1.2mm φ solid welding wire.It needs
It is noted that in the welding wire used being all S at being grouped as：0.005 mass % or less, O：0.003 mass % or less, N：
0.005 mass % or less, Si：0.6~0.8 mass %, Al：0.005~0.030 mass %.
In addition, welding current is 200~380A, weldingvoltage is 28~37V (rising with together with electric current), average welding speed
Degree is 2.3~15.0cm/ minutes (being adjusted in welding), and it is 30mm that average welding wire, which protrudes length, and weld length is
400mm.Moreover, other than No.11, the gas protection system different from the nozzle of common arc-welding is set and is welded
It connects.
It should be noted that No.1~19 are multi-layer welding, in the welding of each layer other than bonding layer, also by welding current
It is set as 270~330A, weldingvoltage is set as to the range of 28~37V, carries out being applicable in the gas shield welding swung, to welding
Connector is finished.Moreover, No.20 as single layer weld and Welded Joints are finished.In addition, No.1~
14 and No.19~20 in, when end layer is welded, the mobile water-cooled gold made of copper of sliding will be carried out to up direction
Belong to plate (copper pressing plate) as the surface backing material of the groove of thick steel products and be butted on thick steel products from welding torch side pressure, corresponds to the upper of welding torch
Row movement and on one side make metallic plate uplink move while welded.On the other hand, it in No.15~18, is welded in end layer
When, it is welded without using such water-cooled metallic plate made of copper.
After bonding layer welding, is observed by optional 5 points of section macrostructures, determine weld width and engagement
Depth.It should be noted that about weld width, the weld width W that the maximum value of the value of measurement is welded as bonding layer, about
Depth of engagement, the depth of engagement D that the minimum value of the value of measurement is welded as bonding layer.
In addition, the drippage of molten metal when being welded about bonding layer, has carried out following evaluation by visual observation.
◎：There is no the drippage of welding metal
○：The drippage of welding metal is 2 positions or less
△：The drippage of welding metal is 3 positions or more and 4 positions or less
×：The drippage of welding metal is that 5 positions or more or welding are interrupted
In addition, for finally obtained welding point, implements ultrasonic examination inspection, carried out following evaluation.
◎：Do not detect defect
○：Only detect that defect length is 3mm acceptable defects below
×：Detect that defect length is more than the defect of 3mm
In addition, the welding bead surface about finally obtained welding point, implements visual examination, is evaluated as follows.
○：The bumps on welding bead surface are small and have sufficient gloss
×：The bumps on welding bead surface are big
Above-mentioned result is recorded in together in table 2.
[table 1]
Table 1
[table 2]
As shown in table 2, in No.1~14 of example and No.19~20, without the drippage of bonding layer welding metal, or
It is 2 positions or less having.Moreover, in ultrasonic examination inspection, also without detection defect, or even if having, defect
Length is also 3mm or less.In addition, in above-mentioned example, in finally obtained welding point, the bumps on welding bead surface
It is small, obtain beautiful welding bead appearance.
On the other hand, there are the drippages of welding metals more than 5 positions for No.15~18 of comparative example, or in ultrasound
Detect that defect length is more than the defect of 3mm in wave inspection inspection.Moreover, when end layer is welded, water-cooled copper is not used
The metallic plate of system and in No.15~18 welded, in finally obtained welding point, the bumps on welding bead surface are big,
Sufficient gloss is not obtained.
In addition, Fig. 6 (a) shows the appearance photo of the table side (welding procedure side) after the bonding layer welding of the No.7 of example,
Fig. 6 (b) shows section macrograph.By the figure it is found that the No.7 for having suitably controlled swing condition etc. invention
In example, the depth of engagement D in bonding layer welding has obtained desirable depth of engagement when being 28mm or so.Moreover, also obtaining simultaneously
The weld bead shape stablized.
Label declaration
1：Thick steel products
2：The groove face of thick steel products
3：The groove in steel hypomere portion
4：Welding torch
5：Welding wire
6：Back side backing material
7：Welding bead (welding bead of bonding layer welding)
8：Coldplate
θ：Bevel angle
G：Groove interval
h：The groove depth in steel hypomere portion
t：Plate thickness
φ：Welding torch angle relative to horizontal direction
D：The depth of engagement of bonding layer welding
W：The weld width of bonding layer welding
L：Swing depth on plate thickness direction
M：Swing maximum width on the direction vertical with plate thickness direction and sealing wire.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of vertical narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method, 25 ° are set as hereinafter, groove interval is set as 20mm by bevel angle
Hereinafter, two thick steel products that plate thickness is 40mm or more are engaged by using the single layer welding or multi-layer welding of swing,
In,
When bonding layer welds, the angle of welding torch is set as 25 ° or more and 75 ° hereinafter, welding heat is defeated relative to horizontal direction
Enter to be set as 30kJ/cm or more and 300kJ/cm hereinafter, and the swing depth on plate thickness direction is set as 15mm or more and 63mm
Hereinafter, and will be on the direction vertical with plate thickness direction and sealing wire in the case where the weld width for welding bonding layer is set as W
Swing maximum width be set as (W-6) mm or more and Wmm hereinafter, to carry out the swing of welding torch, connect what the bonding layer welded
Close depth be set as 20mm or more and 65mm hereinafter,
When end layer is welded, surface of the mobile coldplate as the groove of the thick steel products will be slided to up direction
Backing material is butted on the thick steel products from welding torch side pressure, makes on one side on the coldplate corresponding to the uplink movement of the welding torch
Row movement is welded on one side.
2. vertical narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method according to claim 1, wherein
In the swing of bonding layer welding, the lateral movement pattern for the welding torch observed from sealing wire direction is "U" font.
3. vertical narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
The S amounts of welding metal in bonding layer welding and O amounts add up to 450 mass ppm hereinafter, and N amounts are 120 mass
Ppm or less.
4. vertical narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method described in any one of claim 1 to 3, wherein
The Si amounts of the welding wire used in bonding layer welding and Mn amounts add up to 1.5 mass % or more and 3.5 mass % or less.
5. vertical narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein
The Ti amounts of the welding wire used in bonding layer welding, Al amounts and Zr amounts add up to 0.08 mass % or more and 0.50 matter
Measure % or less.
6. vertical narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein
Use the CO containing 20 volume % or more2The protective gas that the gas of gas is welded as the bonding layer.
7. according to vertical narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein
The average welding current of the bonding layer welding is 270A or more and 360A or less.
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| PCT/JP2016/084750 WO2017094578A1 (en) | 2015-12-04 | 2016-11-24 | Vertical narrow gap gas shielded arc welding method |
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| JP3582811B2 (en) | 1996-10-17 | 2004-10-27 | 日鐵住金溶接工業株式会社 | Vertical Electro Gas Welding Equipment |
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| JP4951448B2 (en) | 2007-09-07 | 2012-06-13 | 日立Ｇｅニュークリア・エナジー株式会社 | Double-side welding method and double-side welded structure |
| JP5222105B2 (en) | 2008-11-14 | 2013-06-26 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Narrow groove welding method and narrow groove welding apparatus |
| WO2015186544A1 (en) * | 2014-06-02 | 2015-12-10 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Vertical narrow gap gas shielded arc welding method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4722860A (en) * | 1971-03-03 | 1972-09-10 | ||
| JPH01118771A (en) * | 1987-10-31 | 1989-05-11 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Reaction tube cleaning device |
| JP2001071143A (en) * | 1999-09-08 | 2001-03-21 | Nkk Corp | Electro-gas welding method for thick steel plate |
| JP2005169414A (en) * | 2003-12-08 | 2005-06-30 | Jfe Steel Kk | Steel wire for carbon dioxide gas-shielded arc welding, and welding method using the same |
| CN104853875A (en) * | 2012-12-04 | 2015-08-19 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Method for narrow-gap, gas-shielded arc welding |
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| KR20180031047A (en) | 2018-03-27 |
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