CN107921569A - Stand to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method - Google Patents
Stand to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107921569A CN107921569A CN201680045636.5A CN201680045636A CN107921569A CN 107921569 A CN107921569 A CN 107921569A CN 201680045636 A CN201680045636 A CN 201680045636A CN 107921569 A CN107921569 A CN 107921569A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
Abstract
The present invention relates to stand to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method.Stood by 2 thick steel products (1) that thickness of slab is more than 10mm with defined groove condition by using what the individual layer welding or multi-layer welding of swing were engaged into narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method; use the welding torch (4) for the front end delimited with bending section and by the bending section; carry out the swing of bonding layer welding; at this time; when the groove face (2) relative to thick steel products is swung, shake the groove face of front end towards the thick steel products of welding torch with defined condition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method, more particularly to can be applied to 2 thick steel products butt welding it is vertical
To narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method.
Here, " narrow groove " refers to that bevel angle is less than 25 ° and groove gap is below 20mm.
Background technology
The gas shield welding used in the welding procedure of steel is typically by CO2Single gas or Ar and CO2It is mixed
The consumable electrode type that gas is used for the protection of fusing department is closed, it is wide in the manufacturing field of automobile, building, bridge and electrical equipment etc.
General use.
However, in recent years, with the maximization wall thickening of steel structure, welding in manufacturing process, especially steel
The deposition amount increase of the butt welding of material, and then, welding procedure needs the substantial amounts of time, causes the increase of construction cost.
As improvedd method, consider to carry out relative to the groove in the less gap of thickness of slab using electric arc process more
The application of the narrow groove gas shield welding of layer welding.The narrow groove gas shield welding is compared with common gas shield welding
Deposition amount tails off, therefore can realize the high efficiency energy-saving of welding, and then, expect to bring the reduction of construction cost.
On the other hand, stand to high efficiency weld commonly used electroslag welding, but the welding of 1 passage high heat input be it is basic,
Heat input is excessively possible to toughness and declines in welding of the thickness of slab more than 60mm.Welded in addition, present situation is 1 passage to thickness of slab
Restricted, technology is not yet established in especially welding of the thickness of slab more than 65mm.
Narrow groove gas shield welding is used for the high-quality of vertical position welding and efficient welding side therefore, it is desirable to develop
Method.
As the welding method that this narrow groove gas shield welding is applied to vertical position welding, for example, disclosed in patent document 1
Both sides multi-layer welding method using double U-groove connector as object.In the welding method, carry out being based on using indifferent gas
The TIG weld of body stacking welding, by using inert gas come suppress slag, sputtering generation, prevent stacking defect.
However, TIG weld and the MAG welding using steel welding wire as consumption electrode, CO as non-consumable electrode formula2
Welding is compared, the efficiency significance difference of welding itself.
In addition, Patent Document 2 discloses in order to suppress sputtering, lack of fusion and carry out the narrow groove of the swing of welding torch
Vertical position welding method.
However, in the welding method, the swaying direction of welding torch is not groove depth direction but surface of steel plate direction, therefore
Need to make torch oscillation before molten metal drips, as a result, needing for welding current to be set to low current and the suppression of 150A or so
Make the deposition amount (≈ heats input quantity) of every 1 passage.
Therefore, when the welding method to be applied to the welding of the big thick steel products of thickness of slab, except as a small amount of multi-pass
It is laminated and welds and bad wait of fusion penetration is laminated beyond defect change more, welding efficiency is remarkably decreased.
And then patent document 3 discloses to suppress lack of fusion in the same manner as patent document 2 and carries out the swing of welding torch
Vertical position welding method.
Wide to 26.3~52 ° of face angle degree (bevel angle) disclosed herein, but the swing of welding torch is also relative to groove depth
Direction carries out.Therefore, in the vertical position welding method of patent document 3, the deposition amount of every 1 passage can more be obtained.
However, the oscillating quantity in groove depth direction is small, in addition, not considering welding metal and welding wire composition, it is therefore desirable to press down
Make the deposition amount (≈ heats input quantity) of every 1 passage, the depth of weld of every 1 passage is shallow to 10mm or so.
Therefore, when the welding method to be applied to the welding of the big thick steel products of thickness of slab, except still becoming a small amount of multiple tracks
Secondary stacking welding and fusion penetration is bad waits beyond stacking defect becomes more, welding efficiency declines.
In addition, the carbon dioxide of the bipolar electrode Patent Document 4 discloses the 1 passage welding that can carry out extremely thick material
Protect welder.
By using the carbon dioxide gas arc welding device of the bipolar electrode, thickness of slab can be carried out：Untill 70mm or so
The engagement of thick steel products.However, due to being significantly increased by bipolar electrode and heat input quantity to 360kJ/cm or so, to steel
The heat affecting of plate is big, at the high characteristic of jointing requirements (intensity, toughness), meets that this characteristic becomes extremely difficult.
In addition, in the carbon dioxide gas arc welding device of the bipolar electrode, in groove, overleaf side sets the pad of ceramics
Plate, it is essential that the pressing mechanism of water-cooled copper substrate is set at surface (welding pusher side), without the drop of molten metal
Under danger, still, on the other hand, welder becomes complicated.
In addition, in the carbon dioxide gas arc welding device of the bipolar electrode, due to setting brass at surface (welding pusher side)
The pressing mechanism at bottom is essential, therefore the welding of 1 passage is basic, it is difficult to real in the form of the stacking welding of multi-pass
Existing inputization low in calories.
Prior art literature
Patent document
Patent document 1：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2009-61483 publications
Patent document 2：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2010-115700 publications
Patent document 3：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2001-205436 publications
Patent document 4：Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 10-118771 publications
The content of the invention
As described above, present situation is not yet to develop the high-quality for the welding that can be applied to thick steel products and efficient stand to narrow
Groove gas-shielded arc welding method.
On the other hand, the high function high precision int development of the light weight of welding automatization technology (welding robot), to mesh
Before untill the swing of the difficult welding torch for being suitable for bevel shape and welding position be possibly realized, it is automatic by applying flexibly this welding
Change technology, be suitable for steel, bevel shape, welding position and welding material (welding wire) welding procedure (condition setting) become can
Energy.
It is an object of the invention to provide one kind by applying flexibly high function and high-precision welding automatization technology is and can
Welding high-quality and efficient thick steel products are stood to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method.
In addition, the present inventor etc. are in order to solve the above problems, stood to being applied on thick steel products to narrow groove gas
Protect welding condition during arc-welding that further investigation has been repeated.
Itself it turns out that, carry out thick steel products stand to narrow groove gas shield welding when, in order in welding metal and
Required mechanical property is obtained in heat affected zone, and realizes the high efficiency of welding, by making groove gap narrower or setting
Fetch that to suppress the welding heat input quantity of every 1 passage be important for multilayer weldings more than 2 passages.
However, in the case of the welding heat input quantity of every 1 passage is so suppressed, it is also desirable to while preventing from welding
Generation of defect etc., while obtaining sufficient depth of engagement (depth of weld), is especially sufficiently connect in bonding layer welding
Close depth.Therefore, the present inventor etc. is further to that can realize that the welding condition of the effect above is studied.
As a result, found as follows：Using the welding torch for possessing bending section and the front end delimited by the bending section, carry out
The swing of bonding layer welding, at this time, when relative to the swing of the groove face of thick steel products, makes the front end of welding torch under suitable condition
It is important that the groove face of portion towards thick steel products, which shakes, thus, it is possible to make groove face fully melt in realization and prevent from welding
While the generation of defect, it is ensured that sufficient depth of engagement, and then, it is possible to achieve including suppressing to become in the vertical position welding of high current
The stabilisation of the weld bead shape to drip of the molten metal of problem.
The present invention is based on above-mentioned discovery, further studies and completes repeatedly.
That is, purport of the invention forms as described below.
1. one kind is stood to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method, bevel angle is set to less than 25 °, groove gap is set to
Below 20mm, 2 thick steel products that thickness of slab is more than 10mm are engaged using the individual layer welding using swing or multi-layer welding,
Wherein, using the welding torch for possessing bending section and the front end delimited by the bending section, the swing of bonding layer welding is carried out,
At this time, when relative to the swing of the groove face of the thick steel products, shake the groove face of front end towards the thick steel products of the welding torch
It is dynamic, using from the position consistent with sealing wire direction of the front end of the welding torch from the point of view of the thickness of slab direction of the thick steel products as benchmark position
Put, 10 °~45 ° will be set in the front end of the welding torch of reference position angle, θ 1 relative to horizontal direction, by the welding torch
Waving angle θ 2 of the front end from the reference position be set to 10 °~60 °,
The depth of engagement that the bonding layer welds is set to more than 10mm.
2. standing to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method according to above-mentioned 1, wherein, above-mentioned engagement is set to single layer welding
Connect, and above-mentioned groove gap is set to less than the 25% of the thickness of slab of above-mentioned thick steel products.
3. standing to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method according to above-mentioned 1, wherein, above-mentioned engagement is set to multilayer welding
Connect, and the depth of engagement that above-mentioned bonding layer is welded is set to 25mm~60mm.
4. standing to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method according to any one of above-mentioned 1~3, wherein, above-mentioned bonding layer
It is U-shaped from the weave mode of the welding torch from the point of view of sealing wire direction in the swing of welding.
5. standing to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method according to any one of above-mentioned 1~4, wherein, above-mentioned bonding layer
The S amounts of welding metal in welding and O amounts add up to below 450 mass ppm and N amounts are below 120 mass ppm.
6. standing to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method according to any one of above-mentioned 1~5, wherein, above-mentioned bonding layer
The Si amounts of the welding wire used in welding and Mn amounts add up to the mass % of 1.5 mass %~3.5.
7. standing to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method according to any one of above-mentioned 1~6, wherein, above-mentioned bonding layer
The Ti amounts of the welding wire used in welding, Al amounts and Zr amounts add up to the mass % of 0.08 mass %~0.50.
8. standing to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method according to any one of above-mentioned 1~7, wherein, using containing
The CO of more than 20 volume %2The gas of gas is as protective gas.
9. standing to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method according to any one of above-mentioned 1~8, wherein, above-mentioned bonding layer
In welding, averagely welding current is the scope of 270A~420A.
According to the present invention, can also be including suppressing in the case that welding thickness of slab is the thick steel products of more than 10mm
While becoming the stabilisation of the weld bead shape to drip of the molten metal of problem in vertical position welding and prevent the generation of weld defect,
Implement high-quality and efficient narrow groove gas shield welding.
Therefore, the welding method of the invention deposition amount compared with common gas shield welding is few, can also realize because of weldering
Energy-saving caused by the high efficiency connect, therefore welding procedure cost can be greatly reduced.
In addition, the present invention welding method in, without the carbon dioxide gas arc welding device as shown in patent document 4 that
The pressing mechanism of the water-cooled copper substrate of the drippage for preventing molten metal of sample, thus can with the complication of avoiding device, into
And can by with multi-pass stipulated that the welding procedure of bevel shape suppress the welding heat of every 1 passage and input, therefore hold
Easily ensure required mechanical property in welding metal and steel heat affected zone.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the figure for the example for representing various bevel shapes.
Fig. 2 is to represent to utilize the welding method pair involved by an embodiment of the invention in the bevel shape of V-arrangement
The figure of construction main points when bonding layer welding is constructed.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the shake state of welding torch when representing the swing relative to the groove face of thick steel products.
Fig. 4 is the figure for an example for representing the groove section in the bevel shape of V-arrangement after implementation bonding layer welding.
Fig. 5 be represent bonding layer welding swing when slave sealing wire direction from the point of view of welding torch weave mode figure.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, the present invention is specifically described.
(a)~(c) in Fig. 1 is the figure for the example for representing various bevel shapes.In figure, symbol 1 is thick steel products, and 2 be thickness
The groove face of steel, 3 be the groove in steel hypomere portion (in single V groove with root face), represents bevel angle with symbol theta, groove is represented with G
Gap, thickness of slab is represented with t, and the groove depth in (in single V groove with root face) steel hypomere portion is represented with h.
As shown in Figure 1, here as the bevel shape of object can be with V-butt (including I shapes groove and レ shapes groove)
Any one of with single V groove with root face, in addition, as shown in (c) in Fig. 1, the single V groove with root face of multistage can also be set to.
In addition, as shown in (b) and (c) in Fig. 1, bevel angle and groove gap in the case of single V groove with root face are set to steel
Bevel angle and groove gap in the groove in material hypomere portion.Here, the groove in steel hypomere portion refer to welding when from as
The steel face at the back side (face of welder (welding torch) side being set to surface, the face of its opposite side is set to the back side) is to the 20 of thickness of slab
~40% or so region.
In addition, Fig. 2 is to represent to utilize the welding side involved by an embodiment of the invention in the bevel shape of V-arrangement
The figure of construction main points during method construction bonding layer welding.In figure, symbol 4 is welding torch, and 5 be welding wire, and 6 be backing material.In addition, butt welding
Wiring, molten bath and weld seam illustration omitted.
Here, as shown in Fig. 2, the welding method is will to be docked as the 2 of defined thickness of slab thick steel products, by these thick steel
The gas shield welding that material is engaged using the vertical position welding using swing, will be used as base by upward welding upward of direct of travel
Plinth.Then, when relative to the swing of the groove face of thick steel products, shake the groove face of front end towards the thick steel products of welding torch
It is dynamic.
In addition, here, represented by taking the bevel shape of V-arrangement as an example, but other bevel shapes are similarly.
And then Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the shake state of welding torch when representing the swing relative to the groove face of thick steel products, figure
(a) and (b) in 3 is represented from the point of view of thickness of slab direction (back sides (side with backing material) of the thick steel products of Fig. 2) respectively
Welding torch be located at the figure of the state that state and the welding torch of reference position are shaken with the angle of θ 2.(c) in Fig. 3 is (a) in Fig. 3
X direction views.It should illustrate that reference position is from the front end (center of welding torch from the point of view of thickness of slab direction as (a) in Fig. 3
The stretching direction of line, i.e. welding wire) position consistent with sealing wire direction.In addition, in (a) and (b) in Fig. 3, thickness to be melted
The groove face (illustration omitted) of steel is located at left side towards paper.
In figure, symbol 7 is main part, and 8 be power supply tip, and 9 be bending section, and 10 be front end.Here, front end 10 be with
Compare close to the part of welding wire (illustration omitted) side bending section 9.In addition, bending section 9 can be arranged at the main part 7 for forming welding torch
With any one of tip 8 of powering, in terms of application property etc., power supply tip 8 is preferably disposed on.
In addition, θ 1 is the front end angle relative to horizontal direction in the welding torch of reference position, θ 2 is the front end of welding torch
Waving angle of the portion from reference position, θ 3 are the angle of bend of the bending section of welding torch, and l is the length of the front end of welding torch, it
Respectively on the basis of the center line of welding torch each several part.
In addition, Fig. 4 is an example for representing the groove section in the bevel shape of V-arrangement after implementation bonding layer welding
Figure.In figure, symbol 11 is weld seam, and the depth of engagement of bonding layer welding is represented with symbol D, and the weld width of bonding layer welding is represented with W
(gap between groove after bonding layer welding).
It should illustrate that bonding layer welding depth of engagement D be welding when using the steel face as the back side as starting point when at the beginning of
The minimum value (the bonding layer weld bead height of the steel face away from starting point nearest (low)) of layer weld bead height.Here, with the bevel shape of V-arrangement
Exemplified by represented, but D and W be similarly in other bevel shapes.
Then, it is above-mentioned to being defined to the thickness of slab of bevel angle, groove gap and steel in the welding method of the present invention
The reasons why scope, illustrates.
Bevel angle θ：Less than 25 °
The groove part of steel is smaller, more can faster and expeditiously weld, on the other hand, easily produce lack of fusion
The defects of.In addition, being welded in conventional construction method when bevel angle is more than 25 ° can also implement.Therefore, it is of the invention
In, it will be difficult to construct in conventional construction method and expect the bevel angle of further high efficiency：Less than 25 ° of situation is made
For object.
In addition, in V-butt, bevel angle is that 0 ° of situation is referred to as so-called I shapes groove, is gone out in terms of deposition amount
Hair, 0 ° of the situation full blast, bevel angle can also be 0 ° (I shapes groove), but due to because weld thermal strain and groove exists
Closed in welding, thus consider this point and it is preferred that according to thickness of slab t (wherein, in the case of single V groove with root face be steel hypomere portion slope
Open height h) sets corresponding bevel angle.
Specifically, bevel angle is preferably set to (0.5 × t/20) °~(2.0 × t/20) °, more preferably (0.8
× t/20) °~(1.2 × t/20) °.For example, when thickness of slab t is 100mm, bevel angle is preferably 2.5 °~10 °, further preferably
For 4 °~6 °.
But if thickness of slab t is more than 100mm, the upper limit of preferred scope is more than 10 °, but by the preferred scope of such case
The upper limit be set to 10 °.
Groove gap G：Below 20mm
The groove part of steel is smaller, more can faster and expeditiously weld.In addition, weldering when groove gap is more than 20mm
In connecing, molten metal easily drips and constructional difficulties.Its countermeasure needs to suppress low by welding current, but easily produces slag inclusion etc.
Weld defect.Therefore, using the situation that groove gap is below 20mm as object.The preferably scope of 4mm~12mm.In addition,
When tapping into row engagement especially with the single layer welding being only formed by welding by bonding layer, groove gap, which more preferably becomes, is soldered material
Thick steel products thickness of slab less than 25%.More preferably less than 20%.
Thickness of slab t：More than 10mm
The thickness of slab of steel is set to more than 10mm.This is because if the thickness of slab of steel is less than 10mm, even if using in the past
Welding method, for example, using the semi-automatic CO using half flux-cored wire2Arc welding, there is also suppressing welding heat input quantity
While obtain the situation of sound connector.Preferably more than 20mm, more preferably more than 25mm.
In addition, using general rolled steel as during object, thickness of slab is usually using 100mm as the upper limit.Therefore, in the present invention
The upper limit as the thickness of slab of the steel of object is preferably set to below 100mm.
In addition, as the steel grade that soldered material is made, particularly preferred high tension steel is (for example, shipbuilding use is extremely thick
YP460MPa grades of steel (570MPa grades of steel of tensile strength), TMCP steel SA440 for building (590MPa grades of steel of tensile strength)).This is
Because except the welding heat input limitation of high tension steel is stringent, beyond easily being cracked in welding metal, due also to welding
Heat affecting and required strength of joint, toughness can not be obtained.On the other hand, the weldering involved by an embodiment of the invention
Connect in method, can be in heat input quantity：Below 170kJ/cm is efficiently welded, and can also weld 590MPa grades of high tension steels
Plate, the 590MPa level corrosion resisting steels as high alloy system.Certainly, mild steel can also have no problem it is corresponding.
More than, to being carried out in the welding method of the present invention the reasons why thickness of slab of restriction bevel angle, groove gap and steel
Explanation, but in the welding method of the present invention, it is important that while fitted with being suitable for the heat input quantity of above-mentioned bevel shape
Locality control welding condition is efficiently welded on one side, obtains defined depth of engagement.
Hereinafter, the welding condition and depth of engagement are illustrated.
In the front end of the welding torch of reference position angle, θ 1 relative to horizontal direction：10 °~45 °
As shown in figure 3, while the welding torch for possessing bending section and the front end delimited by the bending section is used, before making welding torch
The groove face of end towards thick steel products shakes, while being swung, so as to avoid connecing for the groove face of power supply tip and thick steel products
It can make welding wire front end while tactile close to groove face.In addition, welding wire front end is also towards groove face, therefore electric arc can be passed through
Directly melt groove face.Therefore, in the case of the welding heat input quantity of every 1 passage is suppressed, groove face can also be made
Fully melt and suppress the generation of weld defect.And then by the electric arc heat input range caused by the swing of welding torch
Extension, can also suppress the drippage of molten metal and realize the stabilisation of weld bead shape.
However, if θ 1 is less than 10 °, it fully can not obtain the effect above and produce weld defect, the drippage of welding metal.
On the other hand, if θ 1 is more than 45 °, the feeding resistance of the welding wire of the bending section of welding torch increases and is difficult to stably continue to weld,
Still weld defect, the drippage of welding metal are produced.Therefore, it is relative to horizontal direction in the front end of the welding torch of reference position
Angle, θ 1 is set to 10 °~45 °.Preferably 15 °~30 °.
Waving angle θ 2 of the front end of the welding torch from reference position：10 °~60 °
As described above, while the welding torch for possessing bending section and the front end delimited by the bending section is used, before making welding torch
The groove face of end towards thick steel products shakes, while being swung, so as to avoid the groove face of power supply tip and thick steel products
It can make welding wire front end while contact close to groove face.In addition, welding wire front end is also towards groove face, therefore electricity can be utilized
Arc directly melts groove face.Therefore, in the case of the welding heat input quantity of every 1 passage is suppressed, groove can also be made
Face fully melts and suppresses the generation of weld defect.And then by the electric arc heat input range caused by the swing of welding torch
Extension, can also suppress the drippage of molten metal and realize the stabilisation of weld bead shape.
However, if θ 2 is less than 10 °, it fully can not obtain the effect above and produce weld defect, the drippage of welding metal.
On the other hand, if θ 2 is more than 60 °, groove face excessively melts, and produces the weld defect therefore caused by the undercut of groove face.Cause
This, the waving angle θ 2 of the front end of welding torch from reference position is set to 10 °~60 °.Preferably 25 °~45 °.
It should illustrate that the angle of bend θ 3 of the bending section of welding torch and the length l of front end of welding torch are not particularly limited, from
θ 1 and θ 2 are controlled from the viewpoint of above range, θ 3 is preferably set to 10~45 ° of scope, l is set to 10~40mm's
Scope.
Depth of engagement D in bonding layer welding：More than 10mm
For will be welded as the thick steel products of soldered material in the form of defined bevel shape, it is necessary to by bonding layer
Depth of engagement in welding is set to more than 10mm.In addition, when the depth of engagement in bonding layer welding is less than 10mm, sweating heat collection
In, therefore produce dripping for molten metal.Therefore, the depth of engagement in bonding layer welding is set to more than 10mm.Preferably 25mm with
On.In addition, the upper limit of the depth of engagement in bonding layer welding is identical with the upper limit of the thickness of slab of steel, i.e. 100mm or so.
But when carrying out multi-layer welding, especially when the thickness of slab of the steel as soldered material is more than 70mm,
If the depth of engagement in bonding layer welding is more than 60mm, in addition to welding heat input easily becomes excessive, it is also possible to produce
The raw heat because in heat cracking, welding occur it is scattered caused by the lack of fusion of groove face, the weld defect such as slag inclusion.Therefore, exist
When carrying out multi-layer welding, the depth of engagement in bonding layer welding is preferably set to below 60mm.More preferably below 50mm.
More than, primary condition is illustrated, but in the welding method of the present invention, preferably further meet following bar
Part.
Swing depth L of the swing of welding torch in thickness of slab direction：More than 5mm
The welding method of the present invention has carried out the swing of welding torch, but suitably controls the swing of the welding torch in thickness of slab direction
It is also important to swing depth L and swing maximum width M in the direction at a right angle with thickness of slab direction described later and sealing wire.
Here, various weave modes are in the swing depth L in thickness of slab direction and at a right angle with thickness of slab direction and sealing wire
Direction (a)~(d) swung in maximum width M such as Fig. 5 shown in.
It is in addition, mentioned here in swing depth L and maximum with the swing in direction described later and at a right angle sealing wire
Width M is the shake of the front end without considering welding torch and assumes the welding wire that the front end of welding torch is located at said reference position and obtains
The swing depth and swing maximum width of front end.In addition, weave mode mentioned here is shaking for the front end without considering welding torch
The track of welding wire front end when front end that is dynamic and assuming the welding torch is always located in said reference position.
Here, the present invention welding method in based on upward welding in the vertical position in, the pendulum in depth of engagement and thickness of slab direction
Dynamic width is same degree, therefore in the case of multi-layer welding, when the swing depth in thickness of slab direction is less than 5mm, it is difficult to will
The depth of engagement of bonding layer welding is set to more than 10mm.Therefore, the swing depth in thickness of slab direction is preferably set to more than 5mm.It is more excellent
Elect more than 25mm as.Further, since the swing depth on thickness of slab direction is no more than thickness of slab, therefore 100mm is usually limited to thereon
Left and right.
But when carrying out multi-layer welding, especially when the thickness of slab of the steel as soldered material is more than 70mm,
If the swing depth in thickness of slab direction is more than 60mm, the depth of engagement being not only difficult to during bonding layer is welded is set to below 60mm,
And welding heat input quantity becomes excessive and is difficult to obtain required mechanical property in the heat affected zone of welding metal, steel,
In addition, the welderings such as lack of fusion, the slag inclusion of the groove face caused by the heat generation in heat cracking, welding is scattered are easily produced
Connect defect.
Therefore, the swing depth in thickness of slab direction when carrying out multi-layer welding is preferably set to below 60mm.More preferably
Below 50mm.
Swing maximum width M of the swing of welding torch in the direction at a right angle with thickness of slab direction and sealing wire direction：(W-6)
Mm~Wmm (W：Weld width in bonding layer welding)
In order to prevent groove face do not melt, it is necessary to by the swing in the direction at a right angle with thickness of slab direction and sealing wire most
Big width is set to (W-6) more than mm.On the other hand, if the swing in the direction at a right angle with thickness of slab direction and sealing wire is maximum
Width is more than Wmm, it is likely that dripping for molten metal occurs, can not implement to weld.
Therefore, the swing maximum width in the direction at a right angle with thickness of slab direction and sealing wire be preferably set to (W-6) mm~
Wmm.More preferably (W-4) mm~(W-1) mm.
In addition, the weave mode of welding torch is not particularly limited, can be from sealing wire as shown in (a)~(d) in Fig. 5
U-shaped, V-shaped, trapezoidal and triangle etc. are set to from the point of view of direction (consistent with welding direction of advance, generally vertical direction).Example
Such as, when weave mode is U-shaped or is trapezoidal, the swing phase of A points → B points and C points → D points as (a) and (b) in Fig. 5
When in the swing of the groove face relative to thick steel products.In this case, in the swing of A points → B points, the front end of welding torch is made
The groove face of thick steel products towards paper shake towards left side shakes, and on the other hand, in the swing of C points → D points, makes weldering
The groove face of thick steel products of the front end of torch towards paper and towards right side shakes.It should illustrate that in B points → C point (trapezoidal feelings
Under condition, also comprising D points → A points) swing in, the front end of welding torch can not also be shaken.In addition, (a) in Figure 5~(d)
In, the track of the welding torch of each point (being B points and C points in (a) in Fig. 5) changed in the direction of welding torch can have corner angle
Can be with rounded corners.
But in upward welding in the vertical position, the swing in the position close to face of weld side easily produces the drippage of molten metal,
And then during torch motion deviation groove face, the uniform melting of groove face can not be obtained and easily produce the welding such as lack of fusion
Defect.Particularly without in the general trapezoidal and weave mode of triangle of reverse turn operation, device load is small, on the other hand,
Because of torch motion (the D points of the trapezoidal weave mode in (b) in Fig. 5 → A points, in Fig. 5 in the position close to face of weld side
(d) in triangle weave mode C points → A points) and easily produce the drippage of molten metal.Therefore, it is golden from melting is suppressed
From the viewpoint of the drippage of category, it is preferably set to not in the U-shaped of torch motion or the swing mould of V-shaped of face of weld side
Formula.
In addition, V-shaped, triangle weave mode in, in the case of groove gap big (for example, more than 6mm), weldering
Torch movement deviate groove face (for example, in the movement of A points → B points in (c) in Fig. 5, the track of welding torch front end not with groove face
(close to the side of welding torch) is parallel etc.), the uniform melting of groove face can not be obtained and easily produce the welding such as lack of fusion and lack
Fall into.Therefore, in this case, the weave mode for the U-shaped for being set to easily make welding torch abreast act with groove face is optimal
's.
In addition, the deepest point of welding wire front end in the swing in thickness of slab direction is (for example, the B points in (a), (b) in Fig. 5
With C points, (c), the B points in (d) in Fig. 5) the distance a away from the steel back side is usually 2~5mm or so.
In addition, when applying above-mentioned weave mode to above-mentioned bevel shape, (a), the M in (b) in Fig. 51、M2、M3Respectively
For 2~18mm or so, 0~10mm or so, 0~10mm or so.
And then frequency, the dwell time (dwell time of each point such as A points shown in Fig. 5) during swing are not particularly limited,
Such as frequency is 0.25~0.5Hz (being preferably 0.4~0.5Hz), dwell time (was preferably 0.2~0.3 for 0~0.5 second
Second) left and right.
The S amounts of welding metal and the total amount of O amounts in bonding layer welding：：Below 450 mass ppm
In order to realize stable upward welding in the vertical position, it is necessary to prevent dripping and obtain stable weld shape and (not having for molten metal
Irregular smooth welding bead), especially for preventing dripping for molten metal, it is important that the surface of molten metal will be made
The S amounts and O burets that power and viscosity decline are managed low.
Here, if the total amount of the S amounts of welding metal and O amounts is more than 450 mass ppm (following, also referred to as ppm), then
In addition to the decline of surface tension and viscosity, on the surface outwardly, the welding metal of high temperature is from center for the convection current of welding metal
Towards periphery convection current, molten metal is spread, and easily produces dripping for molten metal.Therefore, the surface tension of molten metal is dominated
Below 450ppm is preferably set to their total gauge with viscosity, the S amounts of the welding metal of flowing and O amounts.More preferably
Below 400ppm.In addition, lower limit is not particularly limited, 15ppm is preferably set to.
In addition, for the purpose of reducing surface tension, planarize weld seam, 0.010~0.025 matter is usually contained in welding wire
Measure the S of %.Reduction for the S amounts of welding metal, in addition to the reduction of the S amounts of this welding wire itself, reduces the S in steel
Amount is effective.
And then the O amounts of welding metal are due to the CO in protective gas2Oxidation and increase.For example, using 100%CO2
When gas is as protective gas, the O amounts in welding metal increase by 0.040~0.050 mass % or so.For this welding metal
O amounts reduction, in addition to reducing and generally comprising the O of 0.003~0.006 mass % or so in welding wire itself, in welding wire
It is effective to add Si and Al.In addition, welding current and arc voltage are improved, and it is sufficiently carried out the slag in molten metal
Metal reaction (deoxygenation) and the cohesion of slag, the emersion on face of weld are also effective.
The N amounts of welding metal in bonding layer welding：Below 120ppm
Nitrogen (N) in welding metal is in solidification as the bubble discharged from welding metal.The generation of the bubble causes liquid
The vibration in face, becomes the reason for dripping of molten metal.If the N amounts especially in welding metal are more than 120ppm, easily production
Raw molten metal drips, therefore the N amounts of the welding metal in bonding layer welding are preferably set to below 120ppm.More preferably
Below 60ppm.In addition, lower limit is not particularly limited, 25ppm is preferably set to.
In addition, in general, the nitrogen (N) in welding wire containing 50~80ppm is used as impurity, thus, because of the impurity of protective gas
N amounts with being mixed into for air in welding metal increase by 20~120ppm or so.On the other hand, in general, in the nozzle of arc welding
Footpath is 16~20mm or so, and therefore, it is difficult to the welding metal for the depth of engagement for being more than the nozzle inside diameter will be formed using this nozzle
Part fully seals, as a result, the N amounts in welding metal are also greater than 200ppm sometimes.
The increase of this N amounts in order to prevent, and the N amounts of the welding metal during bonding layer is welded are set to below 120ppm, into
One step is set to below 60ppm, effectively sets the gas protection system different from the nozzle of common arc welding, thus, suppression
Air in welding metal processed is mixed into.
In addition, steel dilution when passing through welding, S, O and N use S from steel dissolution to welding metal：0.005
Below quality %, O：Below 0.003 mass % and N：The steel of below 0.004 mass % are suppressing the welding of above-mentioned bonding layer welding
The aspect of the S amounts of metal, O amounts and N amounts is preferred.
The Si amounts of the welding wire used in bonding layer welding and adding up to for Mn amounts：1.5 the mass % of quality %~3.5
Above-mentioned molten metal drips and obtains the appearance of stable weld shape in order to prevent, it is important that to be formed appropriate
The slag of amount.Slag is mainly by SiO2Formed with MnO, its slag amount depends primarily upon the Si amounts of welding wire and adding up to for Mn amounts.
Here, when the Si amounts of welding wire and Mn amounts total is less than 1.5 mass %, although preventing dripping for molten metal sometimes
But sufficient slag amount can not be obtained.On the other hand, if the Si amounts of welding wire and the total of Mn amounts are more than 3.5 mass %, sometimes
Slag is blocking, the welding later to next layer produces obstacle.Therefore, the Si amounts of welding wire that are used in bonding layer welding and Mn amounts
It is total to be preferably set to the mass % of 1.5 mass %~3.5.The mass % of more preferably 1.8 mass %~2.8.
The Ti amounts of welding wire, Al amounts and the Zr amounts used in bonding layer welding adds up to：The mass % of 0.08 mass %~0.50
That produce big influence to the physical property (viscosity) of slag is TiO2、Al2O3And Zr2O3, the physical property of above-mentioned slag is (viscous
Property) play an important role to the appearance dripped and obtain stable weld shape for preventing above-mentioned molten metal.
Here, when the Ti amounts of welding wire, Al amounts and Zr amounts total is less than 0.08 mass %, can not obtain sometimes to preventing from melting
Melt the viscosity of the effective slag that drips of metal.On the other hand, if the Ti amounts of welding wire, Al amounts and the total of Zr amounts are more than 0.50 matter
Measure %, it is likely that the removing of slag, remelted change are difficult, and the welding later to next layer produces obstacle.
Therefore, the Ti amounts of welding wire, Al amounts and the Zr amounts used in bonding layer welding it is total be preferably set to 0.08 mass %~
0.50 mass %.The mass % of more preferably 0.15 mass %~0.25.
In addition, for the component of welding wire other than the above, as long as suitably being selected according to the component of the thick steel products of welding,
From the viewpoint of the S amounts, O amounts and N amounts suppressed in above-mentioned welding metal, preferably using S is set to：Below 0.03 mass %, O：
Below 0.01 mass %, N：Below 0.01 mass %, and it is set to Si：0.05~0.80 mass %, Al：0.005~0.050 matter
Measure the welding wire (for example, JIS Z 3312YGW18, JIS Z 3319YFEG-22C etc.) of the scope of %.
Protective gas forms：The CO of more than 20 volume %2Gas
The fusion penetration of weld part is influenced by the convection current of welding metal of the gouge effect and the condition of high temperature of electric arc itself.Welding
The convection current of metal inwardly when, the welding metal convection current from the top to the bottom of high temperature, thus immediately below electric arc fusion penetration increase.It is another
Aspect, the convection current of welding metal outwardly when, the welding metal of high temperature is from central convection current in the lateral direction, weld seam broadening, and slope
The fusion penetration increase in mouth face.Therefore, the standing to multi-layer gas for thick steel products as the target of the present invention is protected in arc-welding, in order to suppress
Dripping and obtaining uniform weld shape for melting (welding) metal, preferably makes the convection current of welding metal inwardly.
Here, if the viewpoint for the oxygen (O) for reducing the flowing for dominating welding metal is mentioned, by CO2Gas suppresses low to be
Favourable, on the other hand, CO2Gas has tightens electric arc itself by dissociating the endothermic reaction, makes the convection current of welding metal more
Add effect inwardly.
Therefore, formed as protective gas, preferably by CO2Gas is set to more than 20 volume %.More preferably 60 volume %
More than.In addition, CO2As long as the remainder beyond gas uses the non-active gas such as Ar.In addition it is also possible to it is CO2Gas
Body：100 volume %.
Welding heat input quantity：30kJ/cm~170kJ/cm
In multi-layer welding, number can be reduced by increasing the heat input quantity (=deposition amount) of every 1 passage, reduced
Welding stacking defect.However, if welding heat input quantity becomes too much, intensity, toughness except being difficult to ensure that welding metal
In addition, suppress the softening of steel heat affected zone, ensure that toughness becomes difficult by coarse grains.Especially if welding heat inputs
Amount be more than 170kJ/cm, then in order to ensure the characteristic of welding metal, it is contemplated that the special welding wire for diluting steel be it is essential,
And then in steel, the steel of the design of tolerance welding heat input are also essential.On the other hand, in order to ensure melting
Metal, and the weld part of no weld defect is obtained, higher welding heat input quantity is favourable, the welding heat in narrow groove
The melting deficiency of groove face, easily produces stacking defect when input is less than 30kJ/cm.
Therefore, welding heat input quantity is preferably set to 30kJ/cm~170kJ/cm.More preferably 90kJ/cm~160kJ/
cm。
In addition, also the directive property be subject to electric arc and gouge effect are influenced the fusion penetration of weld part.Therefore, the polarity of welding is excellent
Elect the directive property of electric arc and the welding wire anode i.e. wire minus (positive polarity) of gouge effect bigger as.
For condition other than the above, it is not necessary that special provision, when average welding current is less than 270A, molten bath is small,
Face side become each torch oscillation be repeated melting and solidification multi-layer welding state, easily produce lack of fusion,
Slag inclusion.On the other hand, if average welding current is more than 420A, in addition to easily producing and melting the dripping of (welding) metal,
It is difficult to confirm electric arc point due to weld fumes and sputtering, the adjustment in construction becomes difficult.Therefore, average welding current is preferred
It is set to 270~420A.In addition, by the way that average welding current is set to 270~420A, can be in the production for suppressing weld fumes, sputtering
Stable fusion penetration is obtained while raw, therefore in terms of the welding of the present invention is carried out advantageously.
For the condition in addition to it, as long as conventionally, for example, being set to weldingvoltage：28~50V (with
Electric current rises together), speed of welding (upward)：：(being preferably 1.5~10cm/ minutes), welding wire stretch out length within 0.5~50cm/ minutes
Degree：15~45mm, gage of wire：1.2~1.6mm or so.
In addition, when being set to multi-layer welding, the stacking number untill welding terminates goes out from the viewpoint for preventing from being laminated defect
Hair is preferably set to 2 to 4 layers or so.Welding condition in each layer beyond bonding layer is not particularly limited, as long as side according to the rules
Method, as long as example, being set to same with the welding condition of above-mentioned bonding layer.
In addition, in the welding method of the present invention, based on the welding of every layer of 1 passage.
Embodiment
To be made 2 steel of the bevel shape shown in table 1 under the welding condition shown in table 2 use as shown in Figure 3
Power supply tip on have bending section welding torch (θ 3：30 °, l：15mm), the vertical upward gas shield welding of narrow groove is implemented.
Here, steel use S：Below 0.005 mass %, O：Below 0.003 mass %, N：Below 0.004 mass %
YP460MPa levels steel.In addition, in the retaining wall on slope of steel, cut off using gas, grinding etc. is not carried out to groove face
Processing.
In addition, welding wire using steel strength with or than the 1.2mm φ of the grade of its high 1 grade solid core welding wire.Separately
Outside, the welding wire used is S：Below 0.005 mass %, O：Below 0.003 mass %, N：Below 0.005 mass %, Si：0.6
~0.8 mass %, Al：0.005~0.030 mass %.
And then welding current is 250~430A, weldingvoltage is 28~44V (rising with together with electric current), average welding speed
Spend and be set to 15~28mm for 1.0~34.9cm/ minutes (being adjusted in welding), average electrode extension, weld length is set
For 400mm.In addition, the gas protection system different from the nozzle of common arc welding is set to be welded.
In addition, for No.2, No.20, No.21, No.22, welded by the individual layer being only formed by welding by bonding layer by 2 steel
Material is engaged, and in addition, is engaged 2 steel by multi-layer welding.
After bonding layer welding, observed by optional 5 points of section macrostructures deep to measure weld width and engagement
Degree.It should illustrate that for weld width, using the maximum of the value of measure as weld width W, for depth of engagement, will measure
Value minimum value as depth of engagement D.
In addition, observation is following by visual observation evaluates dripping for molten metal when bonding layer welds.
◎：There is no dripping for welding metal
○：Dripping for welding metal is sentenced down for 2
△：Welding metal drip at 3~4 at
×：Welding metal is dripped as more than at 5, or welding is interrupted
And then the welding point to finally obtaining implements ultrasonic examination inspection, is carried out as follows evaluation.
◎：Do not detect defect
○：Only detect the acceptable defect that defect length is below 3mm
×：Detect the defects of defect length is more than 3mm
These results are also shown in table 2 in the lump.
[table 1]
[table 1]
[table 2]
As shown in table 2, in as No.1~14 of example, 20~22, no bonding layer welding metal is dripped, or
Also sentenced down even if having for 2.In addition, ultrasonic examination is also no in checking to detect defect, or even if having, defect length is also
Below 3mm.
On the other hand, in No.15~19 as comparative example, there are dripping for the welding metal more than at 5, and/or
The defects of defect length is more than 3mm is detected in ultrasonic examination inspection.
Symbol description
1：Thick steel products
2：The groove face of thick steel products
3：The groove in steel hypomere portion
4：Welding torch
5：Welding wire
6：Backing material
7：Main part
8：Power supply tip
9：Bending section
10：Front end
11：Weld seam
Claims (9)
1. one kind is stood to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method, bevel angle is set to less than 25 °, groove gap is set to 20mm
Hereinafter, 2 thick steel products that thickness of slab is more than 10mm are engaged by using the individual layer welding or multi-layer welding of swing,
Using the welding torch for possessing bending section and the front end delimited by the bending section, the swing of bonding layer welding is carried out, at this time, in phase
When being swung for the groove faces of the thick steel products, shake the groove face of the front end of the welding torch towards the thick steel products, will be from the thickness
The front end of the welding torch position consistent with sealing wire direction, will be in the benchmark as reference position from the point of view of the thickness of slab direction of steel
The front end angle, θ 1 relative to horizontal direction of the welding torch of position is set to 10 °~45 °, by the front end of the welding torch from this
The waving angle θ 2 that reference position is risen is set to 10 °~60 °,
The depth of engagement that the bonding layer welds is set to more than 10mm.
2. according to claim 1 stand to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method, wherein, the engagement is set to single layer welding
Connect, and the groove gap is set to less than the 25% of the thickness of slab of the thick steel products.
3. according to claim 1 stand to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method, wherein, the engagement is set to multilayer welding
Connect, and the depth of engagement in bonding layer welding is set to 25mm~60mm.
4. stood according to according to any one of claims 1 to 3 to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method, wherein, the bonding layer
It is U-shaped from the weave mode of the welding torch from the point of view of sealing wire direction in the swing of welding.
5. according to any one of claims 1 to 4 stand to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method, wherein, the bonding layer
The S amounts of welding metal in welding and O amounts add up to below 450 mass ppm and N amounts are below 120 mass ppm.
6. stood according to according to any one of claims 1 to 5 to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method, wherein, the bonding layer
The Si amounts of the welding wire used in welding and Mn amounts add up to the mass % of 1.5 mass %~3.5.
7. stood according to according to any one of claims 1 to 6 to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method, wherein, the bonding layer
The Ti amounts of the welding wire used in welding, Al amounts and Zr amounts add up to the mass % of 0.08 mass %~0.50.
8. stood according to according to any one of claims 1 to 7 to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method, wherein, using containing
The CO of more than 20 volume %2The gas of gas is as protective gas.
9. stood according to according to any one of claims 1 to 8 to narrow groove gas-shielded arc welding method, wherein, the bonding layer
In welding, averagely welding current is the scope of 270A~420A.
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| JP2015-179870 | 2015-09-11 | ||
| PCT/JP2016/004090 WO2017043086A1 (en) | 2015-09-11 | 2016-09-07 | Vertical narrow-groove gas shielded arc welding method |
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| CN108705185A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-10-26 | 四川汇源钢建装配建筑有限公司 | A kind of method and weldment of 0.8mm welding wires welding narrow gap |
| WO2023169088A1 (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2023-09-14 | 江苏科技大学 | Rapid electro-gas welding method with swing arc, and welding torch therewith and application thereof |
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| WO2018037754A1 (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2018-03-01 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Upright narrow groove gas shielded arc welding method |
| JP6810019B2 (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2021-01-06 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Gas shielded arc welding wire and gas shielded arc welding method |
| KR102279000B1 (en) | 2018-02-23 | 2021-07-20 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | Capacity recovering method for secondary battery and capacity recovering device for secondary battery |
| CN113263282B (en) * | 2021-05-19 | 2022-10-25 | 烟台大学 | All-position suspension-condensing type vertical welding device between gapless materials |
| CN114192930A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-18 | 安徽博清自动化科技有限公司 | Welding process for large-gap vertical joint |
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- 2016-09-07 WO PCT/JP2016/004090 patent/WO2017043086A1/en active Application Filing
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| KR20180021893A (en) | 2018-03-05 |
| JPWO2017043086A1 (en) | 2017-09-07 |
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| KR102014811B1 (en) | 2019-08-27 |
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| JP6119940B1 (en) | 2017-04-26 |
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