CN108286412B

CN108286412B - Domatic drilling mechanical equipment

Info

Publication number: CN108286412B
Application number: CN201711481312.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孔亚平; 霍捷; 陈兵; 李彧; 王倜; 陶双成; 陈学平
Original assignee: Academy Of Science Ministry Of Transport
Current assignee: Academy Of Science Ministry Of Transport
Priority date: 2017-12-29
Filing date: 2017-12-29
Publication date: 2020-03-31
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-29
Also published as: CN108286412A

Abstract

The invention discloses a slope surface punching mechanical device.A guide rail unit is a frame beam consisting of an upper cross beam, a lower cross beam, a left upright post guide rail and a right upright post guide rail, and is fixed on a slope surface through manual construction to form a closed loop guide rail unit; the drilling unit comprises a down-the-hole drill and a base platform, the down-the-hole drill is placed on the base platform, and the base platform is respectively contacted with and movably clamped with the left upright guide rail and the right upright guide rail of the guide rail unit through rollers; the power matching unit comprises a tractor, an air source and a power supply which are provided for the tractor and the down-the-hole drill, and the tractor is connected with the base platform by winding the fixed pulley through a traction rope; and the remote manipulator of the remote control unit is electrically connected with the down-the-hole drill and controls the down-the-hole drill to process the drill hole. The safety and the stability are better; the drilling efficiency is improved, the drilling diameter is increased, the service life is prolonged, and the method is suitable for the requirements on slope drilling.

Description

Domatic drilling mechanical equipment

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of slope greening, relates to the technical field of punching mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to slope punching mechanical equipment.

Background

The existing market mainly has the following punching mechanical equipment: PDC drill bit drilling machine, side slope down-the-hole drilling machine, rock trepanning drilling machine and spiral blade drilling machine, but all have the problem of different degrees in the specific use process. The related devices on the market have the following disadvantages:

PDC bit drilling machine: (1) the drilling footage of the rock drilling is full, the construction efficiency is low, and the construction period is severely limited: for example, drilling 10cm in depth and 40cm in depth for 15 minutes; (2) the construction drill bit has short service life and large material consumption, and the average cost of the drill bit material per meter of the hard rock drill bit with f value more than 6 reaches more than 50 yuan. (3) The PDC cutter has different working principles, the PDC cutter is in rotary feeding work, processed chips are broken, the torque and the requirement of the drill rod are large, and the cutter is easy to crack.

Side slope down-the-hole drill: (1) the drilling footage is fast, and the efficiency of construction is high. Drilling 10cm in depth of 40cm, and taking 3 minutes; (2) the construction drill bit has long service life and economical material consumption, and the consumption of the rock with the distribution F value of more than 6 per meter of the drill bit is less than 10 yuan; (3) the side slope down-the-hole drill is processed by impact and rotation, the processed chips are powder, the drill bit is liquefied and cooled, and the tool bit is well protected. But the slope down-the-hole drill has the major problems that: the cost is too high.

Rock trepanning drilling machine: (1) the trepanning drilling machine has low working efficiency, the drilling time is 10cm, the depth is 40cm, the time is more than 20 minutes, and the coring time is about 25 minutes; (2) the material consumption of the trepanning drill bit is low, and the material consumption of drilling more than 1 meter of F6 rock is less than 7 yuan due to the low price of the trepanning drill bit; (3) the machining is rotary feeding machining, the cutting amount is small, the vibration is small, and the requirement on the foundation of slope drilling is high.

A helical blade drilling machine: (1) the drilling machine can only drill soil and sand slopes, and the drill bit is easy to break for the slopes with cobblestones, so that safety accidents are caused; (2) is not suitable for the construction of stone side slopes and is suitable for the construction of soil side slopes.

Therefore, by integrating the advantages and the disadvantages, in the subdivision field of the drilling construction of the stone side slope, how to research and develop the slope surface punching mechanical equipment with high cost performance makes the use thereof reliable, and has important practical significance.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a slope surface punching mechanical device which has the characteristics of safety, automation and high-efficiency drilling and improves the applicability of the punching machine to long slopes.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a slope surface punching mechanical device comprises a guide rail unit, a drilling unit, a power matching unit and a remote control unit, wherein the guide rail unit is a frame beam consisting of an upper cross beam, a lower cross beam, a left upright post guide rail and a right upright post guide rail which are fixed on a slope surface to form a closed loop guide rail unit, and a fixed pulley is arranged on the upper cross beam of the guide rail unit; the drilling unit comprises a drilling machine and a base platform, the drilling machine is placed on the base platform, and the base platform is respectively contacted with and movably clamped with the left upright guide rail and the right upright guide rail of the guide rail unit through rollers; the power matching unit comprises a tractor, an air source and a power supply which are provided for the tractor and the drilling machine, the tractor is connected with the base platform by passing through the fixed pulley through a traction rope, and the tractor controls the base platform to move up and down along the left and right upright guide rails by traction of the fixed pulley; the remote control unit is arranged as a remote controller which is electrically connected with the drilling machine and controls the drilling machine to process the drilled hole.

Furthermore, the power matching unit also comprises a winch, the air source is an air compressor, the power supply is a generator, and the winch, the air compressor and the generator are respectively and fixedly connected to the tractor.

Further, the drill is set as a down-the-hole drill, and the center line of a drill bit of the drill and the horizon are adjustable within the range of 90-140 degrees.

Furthermore, the weight of the whole down-the-hole drill is less than 1.5 tons, the air consumption is 6-13m3/min, the using air pressure is 0.4-1.45 MPa, the angle range between the drilling direction and the ground is 45-85 degrees, the rotating speed of the drilling tool is 0-78rpm, and the drilling speed is 60-150 mm/min.

Furthermore, the distance between the left upright post guide rail and the right upright post guide rail of the guide rail unit is adjustable. Specifically, the interval between the left stand guide rail and the right stand guide rail of the guide rail unit is 1000mm, and the length and the use quantity of the upper cross beam, the lower cross beam, the left stand guide rail and the right stand guide rail are determined according to the slope length and the width condition.

Furthermore, both the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam of the guide rail unit adopt

The round steel tube is prepared, and the left upright post guide rail and the right upright post guide rail are both adopted

The electric welding steel pipe is prepared by welding steel pipes, and the straight line connection of the pipes is welded by connecting pieces.

Further, the guide rail units are laid in stages.

The concrete laying method comprises the following steps: and (3) paving the highest slope guide rail unit, disassembling the frame beam after slope drilling, paving the next slope guide rail unit, disassembling the frame beam after slope drilling, and repeating the steps until the first slope drilling is completed.

Furthermore, an anchoring hole is drilled in the frame beam of the guide rail unit through manpower, and an anchoring rod is inserted in the anchoring hole and is controlled to be connected with the slope surface through grouting. The contact between the anchoring rod and the slope surface is ensured to be firm.

Further, the anchor hole depth is not less than 400 mm.

Further, the base platform is made of steel structure materials, is movably clamped on the track of the frame beam and freely walks and stops up and down along the left stand column guide rail and the right stand column guide rail.

Specifically, the base platform is movably clamped on a track of the frame beam through a pneumatic clamping mechanism, and the pneumatic clamping mechanism adopts a wedge clamping mechanism. The specific clamping principle is as follows: the base platform is arranged, and when a drilling machine drills a hole, the big end of the wedge is knocked by the air cylinder to control the base platform and the track of the frame beam to be clamped tightly; after the drilling of the drilling machine is finished, the small head of the wedge is knocked by the air cylinder, and the track of the base platform and the frame beam is controlled to be loosened. The wedge clamping has the characteristics of simple structure, good self-locking performance and the like, so that the wedge clamping is widely applied.

Further, a protective cover shell is arranged on the outer side of the drilling machine.

Furthermore, the punching mechanical equipment is used for punching operation on multistage rocky and weakly weathered rock slopes or stable soil slopes with the slope of 70 degrees, and drilling holes with the aperture of 65-120mm and the depth of 300mm-500mm on the slope surface of the slope.

For traditional domatic punching machine, this application has following apparent advantage:

1. the safety is good: equipment and operation staff are separated, and staff effectively avoid rockfall of mountains.

2. The stability is good: the frame beams form a relatively large steel body by the connecting pieces, and the regular arrangement does not generate any deformation, so that the stability of the infrastructure is ensured; the frame beam is fixed on a hillside by using an anchor rod, is fully contacted with a slope body to form a complete unity, is firmly and stably stressed by any force, and cannot swing and rebound to swing.

3. The drilling efficiency is improved: the down-the-hole drill can freely walk and stop up and down on the track, the auxiliary time is reduced, the drilling pressure is increased, and the drilling speed is obviously accelerated.

4. The diameter of the drill hole is increased: because this equipment has solved the grasping domatic function when drilling, has avoided the bullet of reaction force to escape, has overcome the drift problem of swinging that the counter weight can not solve, is adapted to domatic macroporous drilling.

5. Green and environment-friendly: because the drilling process is that the operator keeps away from the equipment, the dust that the down-the-hole drill discharged has improved the secondary pollution problem through water smoke treatment.

6. The service life is long: the operation is standard, the drilling force is uniform, and the damage caused by manual irregular rough operation is overcome; because no one is close to the operation, the drilling machine is specially designed with a protective cover shell, and the damage of hillside flying stones is avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of a 3-level 50-degree inferior stone side slope of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the remote manipulator and down-the-hole drill attachment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a base platform according to the present invention.

Wherein, 1, a guide rail unit; 2. a drilling unit; 3. a power kit unit; 4. a remote manipulator; 5. a down-the-hole drill; 6. a base platform.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, a slope surface punching mechanical device comprises a guide rail unit 1, a drilling unit 2, a power matching unit 3 and a remote control unit, wherein the guide rail unit 1 is a frame beam consisting of an upper cross beam, a lower cross beam, a left upright post guide rail and a right upright post guide rail, can be adjusted and fixed according to the terrain condition, is fixed on a slope surface through manual construction to form a closed loop guide rail unit 1, and a fixed pulley is installed on the upper cross beam of the guide rail unit 1; the drilling unit 2 comprises a down-the-hole drill 5 and a base platform 6, the down-the-hole drill 5 is placed on the base platform 6 (as shown in figure 4), and the base platform 6 is respectively contacted with and movably clamped with a left upright guide rail and a right upright guide rail of the guide rail unit 1 through rollers; the power matching unit 3 comprises a tractor, an air source and a power supply which are provided for the tractor and the down-the-hole drill 5, the tractor is connected with the base platform 6 by passing a traction rope through a fixed pulley, the tractor only moves back and forth on the ground, and the base platform 6 is controlled to move up and down along the left and right upright guide rails by the traction of the fixed pulley; the remote control unit is arranged as a remote controller 4, the remote controller 4 is electrically connected with a down-the-hole drill 5 (shown in figure 3), and an operator is far away from an operation area under a slope to remotely control the down-the-hole drill 5 to automatically machine and drill holes.

The base platform 6 is required to be firm and reliable, and is not damaged and overturned during punching, so that the device is held tightly.

The upper cross beam and the lower cross beam are welded by the connecting pieces for lengthening, the anchoring holes are formed by manual drilling grouting, and the counter weight can be considered according to the actual situation of the terrain during drilling operation. When the drilling equipment falls to the bottom of the slope after the drilling cycle from top to bottom, the mobile trolley or the crawler traveling mechanism horizontally moves to the next drilling cycle, and the previous drilling process is repeated. The actions are repeated to complete the automatic punching of the large-area slope. The second and third stage of slope drilling can be considered to be horizontal movement of the flat-bed transport trolley moving drilling equipment.

The light pipes are connected by corner fittings, and the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam are connected by corner fittings

Round steel or high-strength high-bending-strength pipe, 2 left upright guide rails and right upright guide rails

The pipe is required to be good in flexibility and light in weight, and the fixed pulley rotates without a dead point; frame pipe

Weight per meter 3.84kg, material Q235B electric welded steel pipe. All pipe fittings are connected in a straight line through connecting pieces, the guidance performance is good, groove welding is performed, anchoring holes are formed by artificial drilling, and an anchoring rod (A) and (B) are required

Self-propelled hollow grouting anchor) has good rigidity and is firmly contacted with the ground. The upper cross beam, the lower cross beam, the left upright guide rail and the right upright guide rail are fixed and moved by adopting a manual method. After the side slope is manually finished, the paving is finished from top to bottom and from left to right.

The drilling depth is 400mm, the effective depth is more than or equal to 300mm, and the aperture

The central line of the drill bit is adjustable between 90 degrees and 140 degrees with the horizontal line. The upper cross beam, the lower cross beam, the left upright post guide rail and the right upright post guide rail are manually built, fixed and moved, and the upper cross beam of each two parallel tracks is provided with a fixed pulley for drawing the down-the-hole drill 5 to move up and down. The power matching unit 3 comprises a winch, an air compressor and a generator which are fixedly connected to a crawler-type self-walking platform (tractor) and only walk horizontally on the slope toe ground.

The drilling unit 2 comprises a down-the-hole drill 5, a drill rod is arranged at the end part of the down-the-hole drill 5, the drill rod is connected with a drill bit through an impactor and a transition joint, and the down-the-hole drill 5 is connected with a winch through a steel wire.

The specific drilling operation process is as follows: taking three-level slope punching as an example (as shown in fig. 2), firstly fixing and erecting a guide rail unit 1 on a slope surface to be punched according to the connection relation of each component unit, installing a down-the-hole drill 5 to be moved on a base platform 6, and movably clamping the base platform 6 between a left upright guide rail and a right upright guide rail of the guide rail unit 1; the winch firstly integrally pulls the down-the-hole drill 5 to the top end of the third-stage slope, a base platform 6 of the down-the-hole drill 5 bypasses a fixed pulley through a traction rope and is connected with a tractor, the power matching unit 3 is started, the tractor moves horizontally along the horizontal plane, and at the moment, the traction rope pulls the down-the-hole drill 5 of the drilling unit 2 to move up and down along the left and right upright guide rails of the guide rail unit 1; the operating personnel who keeps away from the operation district under the slope commands down-the-hole drill 5 to punch through remote control ware 4 remote control, accomplishes the work of punching on the third level slope domatic earlier, stops the operation of tractor, dismantles the frame roof beam of guide rail unit 1, lays the second grade slope, repeats above-mentioned work, accomplishes the drilling of second grade slope, accomplishes the drilling of one-level slope above repeating, makes the work of punching accomplish in proper order from top to bottom step by step.

The down-the-hole drill 5:

the total weight of the down-the-hole drill 5 is 300Kg, the air consumption is 12.5m3/min, the air pressure is 0.4-0.63MPa, the equipment power is 22P, and the diameter of a drill hole is less than or equal to 120 mm; the drilling depth is more than or equal to 400mm, and the effective depth is more than or equal to 300 mm; the drilling machine is suitable for drilling operation of multistage rocky and weakly weathered rock slopes or stable soil slopes with the slope of less than 70 degrees, the angle range of the drilling direction and the ground is 45-85 degrees, the rotating speed of a drilling tool is 0-78rpm, the drilling speed is 60-150mm/min, the propelling length is 800mm, the pushing force under the pressure of 0.4MPa is 3077N, and the pulling force under the pressure of 0.4MPa is 2881N. The diameter of the drilled hole is 65-120mm, the dust can be removed by water, the dust removal water pressure is 0.4-0.5MPa, the mounting platform is required to be firm and reliable, the drilled hole is not damaged or overturned during drilling, and the device is held tightly.

Assembling a drilling machine:

the left upright post guide rail and the right upright post guide rail play a role in guiding and preventing the drill from separating from the rail in the ascending process. The down-the-hole drill 5 is provided with a horizontal cylinder for maintaining the stability of the down-the-hole drill 5: when the down-the-hole drill 5 is pulled to go up the slope, the horizontal cylinder extends out to lower the gravity center of the down-the-hole drill 5 and retracts during drilling.

Assembling a drill seat:

the base platform 6 of the down-the-hole drill 5 consists of 100 lightweight channel steel and

the supporting platform formed by welding steel pipes, the roller shafts and the steel pipes are welded, the concentricity and the parallelism of the shafts are ensured, and deformation and distortion are avoided. According to the domatic special circumstances of difference, choose for use the base platform 6 of not unidimensional gyro wheel, when domatic width increases, the increase of base platform 6's surface area spanes the setting on the left and right stand guide rail of guide rail unit 1, chooses for use the base platform 6 of the great gyro wheel of thickness and diameter this moment, guarantees base platform 6's operating stability, and corresponding adjustment steps up guiding mechanism, increases equipment accommodation.

The above description is not meant to be limiting, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, additions and substitutions can be made without departing from the true scope of the invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A slope surface punching mechanical device is characterized by comprising a guide rail unit, a drilling unit, a power matching unit and a remote control unit, wherein the guide rail unit is a frame beam consisting of an upper cross beam, a lower cross beam, a left upright post guide rail and a right upright post guide rail which are fixed on a slope surface to form a closed loop guide rail unit, and a fixed pulley is arranged on the upper cross beam of the guide rail unit; the drilling unit comprises a down-the-hole drilling machine and a base platform, the down-the-hole drilling machine is placed on the base platform, the base platform is respectively contacted with and movably clamped with a left upright post guide rail and a right upright post guide rail of the guide rail unit through rollers, the base platform is movably clamped on a track of the frame beam through a pneumatic clamping mechanism, the pneumatic clamping mechanism adopts a wedge clamping mechanism, and when the down-the-hole drilling machine drills a hole, the big end of a wedge is knocked through an air cylinder to control the track of the base platform and the frame beam to be clamped; after the down-the-hole drill finishes drilling, knocking the small head of the wedge through the air cylinder, controlling the track of the base platform and the frame beam to be loosened, wherein the down-the-hole drill is provided with a horizontal air cylinder, the horizontal air cylinder is used for keeping the stability of the down-the-hole drill, and when the down-the-hole drill is pulled to ascend the slope, the horizontal air cylinder extends out to lower the gravity center of the down-the-hole drill and is retracted during drilling; the dust discharged by the down-the-hole drill is treated by water mist, the power matching unit comprises a tractor, an air source and a power supply, the air source and the power supply are supplied to the tractor and the drill, the tractor is connected with the base platform by winding a fixed pulley through a traction rope, the tractor only moves back and forth on the ground, and the base platform is controlled to move up and down along the left and right upright guide rails by the traction of the fixed pulley; the remote control unit is arranged as a remote controller which is electrically connected with the drilling machine and controls the drilling machine to process and drill holes;

and the guide rail units are laid in stages, the highest-level slope guide rail unit is laid firstly, the frame beam is disassembled after the slope drilling is carried out, then the next-level slope guide rail unit is laid, the frame beam is disassembled after the slope drilling is carried out, and the steps are repeated until the first-level slope drilling is finished.

2. The mechanical slope surface perforating equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power matching unit further comprises a winch, the air source is an air compressor, the power source is a generator, and the winch, the air compressor and the generator are respectively fixedly connected to the tractor.

3. The mechanical apparatus for slope drilling as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drilling machine is a down-the-hole drilling machine, and the included angle between the center line of the drill bit and the horizon is adjustable within the range of 90-140 °.

4. The mechanical apparatus for slope drilling of claim 1, wherein the distance between the left and right upright rails of the rail unit is adjustable.

5. The mechanical equipment for slope drilling of claim 1, wherein the upper and lower beams of the guide rail unit are made of round steel pipes, the left and right upright rails are made of electric welded steel pipes, and the straight line connections of the pipes are welded by connecting pieces.

6. The mechanical apparatus for slope surface boring of claim 1, wherein the rail units are laid in stages.

7. The mechanical slope surface punching equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the frame beams of the guide rail unit are drilled with anchoring holes manually, and the anchoring rods are inserted into the anchoring holes and connected with the slope surface under the control of grouting.

8. The mechanical slope surface perforating equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base platform is made of steel structure, and the base platform is movably clamped on the rails of the frame beams and freely moves up and down and stops along the left and right upright guide rails.

9. The mechanical apparatus for slope drilling according to claim 1, wherein a protective casing is provided on the outside of said drilling machine.

10. The slope drilling mechanical equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drilling mechanical equipment is used for drilling multistage rocky slopes, weakly weathered rock slopes or stable soil slopes with a slope gradient within 70 degrees, and drilling holes with the hole diameter of 65-120mm and the depth of 300mm-500mm are formed in the slope surface of the slope.