CN108286084A - A kind of high-crystallinity polypropylene nitrile reinforced polypropylene nitrile composite fibre - Google Patents

A kind of high-crystallinity polypropylene nitrile reinforced polypropylene nitrile composite fibre Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108286084A
CN108286084A CN201810142638.7A CN201810142638A CN108286084A CN 108286084 A CN108286084 A CN 108286084A CN 201810142638 A CN201810142638 A CN 201810142638A CN 108286084 A CN108286084 A CN 108286084A
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polyacrylonitrile
polypropylene nitrile
crystallinity
spinning solution
class
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不公告发明人
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/08Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyacrylonitrile as constituent

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of high-crystallinity polypropylene nitrile reinforced polypropylene nitrile composite fibre, belong to composite fibre field, the step of preparation is as follows:Step 1: A class polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in solvent, spinning solution is formed, wherein A classes polyacrylonitrile refers to the polyacrylonitrile that crystallinity is less than 40%;Step 2: B class polyacrylonitrile is carried out ball mill grinding, the polyacrylonitrile powder that average grain diameter is less than 1 μm is prepared, above-mentioned powder and spinning solution are mixed, be prepared into spinning solution, wherein B classes polyacrylonitrile refers to the polyacrylonitrile that crystallinity is more than 75%;Step 3: spinning solution is prepared as-spun fibre by wet spinning;Step 4: as-spun fibre is post-processed, polyacrylonitrile composite fiber is prepared.

Description

A kind of high-crystallinity polypropylene nitrile reinforced polypropylene nitrile composite fibre
Technical field
The present invention relates to functional fibre fields.
Background technology
Synthetic fibers be by it is artificial synthesized, with suitable molecular weight and with solvable(Or it is fusible)The linear polymerization of property Object, through spinning technique and chemical fibre prepared by post-processing.Usually this kind of polymer with fibre-forming performance is known as into fibre Polymer.Compared with natural fiber and staple fibre, the raw materials of synthetic fibers be made from artificial synthesis, production not by The limitation of natural conditions.Synthetic fibers in addition to the general superior function with chemical fibre, as intensity it is high, it is light, quick-drying washable, It is outer that elasticity is good, is not afraid of mould moth etc., and the synthetic fibers of different cultivars respectively have certain special performances.
Polyacrylonitrile fibre is that polyacrylonitrile or acrylonitrile content are more than 85%(Mass percent)Acrylonitrile copolymer system At synthetic fibers.Common second comonomer is nonionic monomers, such as methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, third Monomer is ionic comonomer such as sodium allylsulfonate and 2- methylene -1, 4- succinic acid etc..
Polyacrylonitrile fibre is typically that polypropylene is dissolved in solvent, is molded by wet spinning, and post-processed.And Polyacrylonitrile fibre existing for this mode is low etc. there are intensity.Existing some open source literatures record can be by preparing compound fibre The mode of dimension mainly by way of adding inorganic matter or organic matter enhance compound.Improve tensile strength and Stretch modulus and stability, but it is this due between different material(Between especially organic and inorganic)Compatibility is poor, main It is embodied in interface compatibility, mechanical property increase is limited, while the price of some reinforcing agents is high, of high cost.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to:In view of the above problems, a kind of high-crystallinity polypropylene nitrile reinforced polypropylene is provided The step of nitrile composite fibre, preparation, is as follows:
Step 1: A class polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in solvent, spinning solution is formed, wherein A classes polyacrylonitrile refers to that crystallinity is less than 40% polyacrylonitrile;
Step 2: B class polyacrylonitrile is carried out ball mill grinding, the polyacrylonitrile powder that average grain diameter is less than 1 μm is prepared, it will be above-mentioned Powder and spinning solution are mixed, and are prepared into spinning solution, and wherein B classes polyacrylonitrile refers to the polypropylene that crystallinity is more than 75% Nitrile;
Step 3: spinning solution is prepared as-spun fibre by wet spinning;
Step 4: as-spun fibre is post-processed, polyacrylonitrile composite fiber is prepared.
Wherein, the polyacrylic raw material of A classes is dissolved in by the present invention first using two kinds of different polyacrylonitrile raw materials of crystallinity In solvent, B class polyacrylonitrile material, this when is secondly added, A class raw materials are just dissolved in solvent, form spinning solution, and B classes are former Material is just dispersed in suspension in spinning solution, is being carried out in spinning moulding process, B classes raw material does not dissolve simultaneously, high-crystallinity feature Do not change, in the as-spun fibre of preparation, there are highly crystalline B class raw materials to be dispersed in polyacrylonitrile fibre, due to B Class material crystal degree is high, and intensity is big, simultaneously because being substance of the same race, interface compatibility is very good, and enhancing effect is high, and will not The reduction of other performances is generated, the mechanical property of the fiber of preparation increases big, thermal stability raising.
The high crystallinity polypropylenes nitrile of the present invention can obtain in the conventional mode, poly- more than 75% using crystallinity Acrylonitrile, otherwise enhancing effect is insufficient.
In spinning solution, the selection of concentration is more important, different with normal solution-polymerized SBR, since present invention needs add Add B class polyacrylonitrile, therefore concentration crosses conference to cause B class polyacrylonitrile to be difficult to evenly dispersed, concentration is too small, as-spun fibre mechanics Performance is insufficient, therefore in preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of A classes polyacrylonitrile is between 30%-40% in spinning solution.
In composite fibre, B class polyacrylonitrile is dispersed in fiber, and B class polyacrylonitrile is dispersed phase, component Select most important, the present invention obtains best proportioning through overtesting, A classes polyacrylonitrile and B class polyacrylonitrile in spinning solution Mass ratio is 3:1, under this proportioning, one side reinforced phase(Dispersed phase)Enhancing effect it is enough, on the other hand, do not destroy continuous Feature of phase itself.
For B class polyacrylonitrile, grain size is excessive, then specific area is few, and interfacial contact is small, and enhancing effect is limited, grain size mistake Small, enhancing effect is limited on elasticity modulus, therefore the present invention selects
Preferably, the post-processing, by Low Temperature Heat Treatment and high-temperature heat treatment, the temperature of the Low Temperature Heat Treatment is Endothermic curve is upwardly deviated from 10 degrees Celsius of the temperature spot of baseline when heating up in being measured higher than A class polyacrylonitrile differential scanning calorimetries, Heating rate is 10 DEG C/min when differential scanning calorimetry measures.In addition to said program, other schemes can also be selected, such as changes and rises Warm tachometric survey, but said program is preferable scheme, and after post-processing, the section compatibility of dispersed phase and continuous phase is significantly It improves, and enhances the orientation of as-spun fibre, improve its mechanical property.
In general, low temperature be starvation environment carry out, in a preferred approach, Low Temperature Heat Treatment by inert gas into Row protection, the inert gas provide heating and protection two kinds of functions, can recycle, the inert gas can be with For the inert gas that argon gas, nitrogen, helium etc. are common.
Further, tension-adjusting gear and winding device are also passed through by Low Temperature Heat Treatment and high-temperature heat treatment.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1:
A class polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in solvent, forms spinning solution, a concentration of the 32% of spinning solution, wherein A classes polyacrylonitrile is Refer to the polyacrylonitrile that crystallinity is less than 40%, B class polyacrylonitrile is subjected to ball mill grinding, prepares average grain diameter is less than 1 μm poly- third Above-mentioned powder and spinning solution are mixed, are prepared into spinning solution, wherein B classes polyacrylonitrile refers to crystallinity by alkene nitrile powder The mass ratio of polyacrylonitrile more than 75%, A classes polyacrylonitrile and B class polyacrylonitrile is 3:1, by spinning solution by wet spinning, Prepare as-spun fibre;As-spun fibre is subjected to Low Temperature Heat Treatment and tension-adjusting gear and winding device, prepares polypropylene It is bent that nitrile composite fibre, wherein Low Temperature Heat Treatment temperature are above during A class polyacrylonitrile differential scanning calorimetries measure heat absorption when heating up Line is upwardly deviated from 10 degrees Celsius of the temperature spot of baseline, and heating rate is 10 DEG C/min when differential scanning calorimetry measures, in Low Temperature Thermal Processing makes to be protected and heated by argon gas.
Embodiment 2:
A class polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in solvent, forms spinning solution, spinning solution a concentration of 30% between, wherein A classes polypropylene Nitrile refers to the polyacrylonitrile that crystallinity is less than 40%, and B class polyacrylonitrile is carried out ball mill grinding, prepares average grain diameter and is less than 1 μm Above-mentioned powder and spinning solution are mixed polyacrylonitrile powder, are prepared into spinning solution, and wherein B classes polyacrylonitrile refers to knot The mass ratio of polyacrylonitrile of the brilliant degree more than 75%, A classes polyacrylonitrile and B class polyacrylonitrile is 3:1, spinning solution is passed through into wet method Spinning prepares as-spun fibre;As-spun fibre is subjected to Low Temperature Heat Treatment and tension-adjusting gear and winding device, is prepared poly- Acrylonitrile composite fibre, wherein Low Temperature Heat Treatment temperature are inhaled when being above heating during A class polyacrylonitrile differential scanning calorimetries measure Heating curve is upwardly deviated from 5 degrees Celsius of the temperature spot of baseline, and heating rate is 10 DEG C/min when differential scanning calorimetry measures, in low temperature Heat treatment makes to be protected and heated by argon gas.
Embodiment 3:
A class polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in solvent, forms spinning solution, spinning solution a concentration of 35% between, wherein A classes polypropylene Nitrile refers to the polyacrylonitrile that crystallinity is less than 40%, and B class polyacrylonitrile is carried out ball mill grinding, prepares average grain diameter and is less than 1 μm Above-mentioned powder and spinning solution are mixed polyacrylonitrile powder, are prepared into spinning solution, and wherein B classes polyacrylonitrile refers to knot The mass ratio of polyacrylonitrile of the brilliant degree more than 75%, A classes polyacrylonitrile and B class polyacrylonitrile is 3:1, spinning solution is passed through into wet method Spinning prepares as-spun fibre;As-spun fibre is subjected to Low Temperature Heat Treatment and tension-adjusting gear and winding device, is prepared poly- Acrylonitrile composite fibre, wherein Low Temperature Heat Treatment temperature are inhaled when being above heating during A class polyacrylonitrile differential scanning calorimetries measure Heating curve is upwardly deviated from 10 degrees Celsius of the temperature spot of baseline, and heating rate is 10 DEG C/min when differential scanning calorimetry measures, low Warm processing makes to be protected and heated by argon gas.
Embodiment 4:
A class polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in solvent, forms spinning solution, spinning solution a concentration of 40% between, wherein A classes polypropylene Nitrile refers to the polyacrylonitrile that crystallinity is less than 40%, and B class polyacrylonitrile is carried out ball mill grinding, prepares average grain diameter and is less than 1 μm Above-mentioned powder and spinning solution are mixed polyacrylonitrile powder, are prepared into spinning solution, and wherein B classes polyacrylonitrile refers to knot The mass ratio of polyacrylonitrile of the brilliant degree more than 75%, A classes polyacrylonitrile and B class polyacrylonitrile is 3:1, spinning solution is passed through into wet method Spinning prepares as-spun fibre;As-spun fibre is subjected to Low Temperature Heat Treatment and tension-adjusting gear and winding device, is prepared poly- Acrylonitrile composite fibre, wherein Low Temperature Heat Treatment temperature are inhaled when being above heating during A class polyacrylonitrile differential scanning calorimetries measure Heating curve is upwardly deviated from 5 degrees Celsius of the temperature spot of baseline, and heating rate is 10 DEG C/min when differential scanning calorimetry measures, in low temperature Heat treatment makes to be protected and heated by argon gas.
Embodiment 5:
A class polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in solvent, forms spinning solution, a concentration of the 20% of spinning solution, wherein A classes polyacrylonitrile is Refer to the polyacrylonitrile that crystallinity is less than 40%, B class polyacrylonitrile is subjected to ball mill grinding, prepares average grain diameter is less than 1 μm poly- third Above-mentioned powder and spinning solution are mixed, are prepared into spinning solution, wherein B classes polyacrylonitrile refers to crystallinity by alkene nitrile powder The mass ratio of polyacrylonitrile more than 75%, A classes polyacrylonitrile and B class polyacrylonitrile is 3:1, by spinning solution by wet spinning, Prepare as-spun fibre;As-spun fibre is subjected to Low Temperature Heat Treatment and tension-adjusting gear and winding device, prepares polypropylene It is bent that nitrile composite fibre, wherein Low Temperature Heat Treatment temperature are above during A class polyacrylonitrile differential scanning calorimetries measure heat absorption when heating up Line is upwardly deviated from 10 degrees Celsius of the temperature spot of baseline, and heating rate is 10 DEG C/min when differential scanning calorimetry measures, in Low Temperature Thermal Processing makes to be protected and heated by argon gas.
Embodiment 6:
A class polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in solvent, forms spinning solution, a concentration of the 30% of spinning solution, wherein A classes polyacrylonitrile is Refer to the polyacrylonitrile that crystallinity is less than 40%, B class polyacrylonitrile is subjected to ball mill grinding, prepares average grain diameter is less than 1 μm poly- third Above-mentioned powder and spinning solution are mixed, are prepared into spinning solution, wherein B classes polyacrylonitrile refers to crystallinity by alkene nitrile powder The mass ratio of polyacrylonitrile more than 75%, A classes polyacrylonitrile and B class polyacrylonitrile is 5:1, by spinning solution by wet spinning, Prepare as-spun fibre;As-spun fibre is subjected to Low Temperature Heat Treatment and tension-adjusting gear and winding device, prepares polypropylene It is bent that nitrile composite fibre, wherein Low Temperature Heat Treatment temperature are above during A class polyacrylonitrile differential scanning calorimetries measure heat absorption when heating up Line is upwardly deviated from 10 degrees Celsius of the temperature spot of baseline, and heating rate is 10 DEG C/min when differential scanning calorimetry measures, in Low Temperature Thermal Processing makes to be protected and heated by argon gas.
It is as follows to the properties of product test of embodiment 1-6:

Claims (7)

1. a kind of high-crystallinity polypropylene nitrile reinforced polypropylene nitrile composite fibre, which is characterized in that the step of preparation is as follows:
Step 1: A class polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in solvent, spinning solution is formed, wherein A classes polyacrylonitrile refers to that crystallinity is less than 40% polyacrylonitrile;
Step 2: B class polyacrylonitrile is carried out ball mill grinding, the polyacrylonitrile powder that average grain diameter is less than 1 μm is prepared, it will be above-mentioned Powder and spinning solution are mixed, and are prepared into spinning solution, and wherein B classes polyacrylonitrile refers to the polypropylene that crystallinity is more than 75% Nitrile;
Step 3: spinning solution is prepared as-spun fibre by wet spinning;
Step 4: as-spun fibre is post-processed, polyacrylonitrile composite fiber is prepared.
2. high-crystallinity polypropylene nitrile reinforced polypropylene nitrile composite fibre according to claim 1, which is characterized in that spinning is former The mass ratio of A classes polyacrylonitrile is between 30%-40% in liquid.
3. high-crystallinity polypropylene nitrile reinforced polypropylene nitrile composite fibre according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described The mass ratio of A classes polyacrylonitrile and B class polyacrylonitrile is 1 in spinning solution:3.
4. high-crystallinity polypropylene nitrile reinforced polypropylene nitrile composite fibre according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described Post-processing passes through Low Temperature Heat Treatment and high-temperature heat treatment.
5. high-crystallinity polypropylene nitrile reinforced polypropylene nitrile composite fibre according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described The temperature of Low Temperature Heat Treatment is that endothermic curve is upwardly deviated from baseline when heating up in being measured higher than A class polyacrylonitrile differential scanning calorimetries 10 degrees Celsius of temperature spot, differential scanning calorimetry measure when heating rate be 10 DEG C/min.
6. high-crystallinity polypropylene nitrile reinforced polypropylene nitrile composite fibre according to claim 5, which is characterized in that Low Temperature Thermal Processing is protected by inert gas.
7. high-crystallinity polypropylene nitrile reinforced polypropylene nitrile composite fibre according to claim 6, which is characterized in that by low Also pass through tension-adjusting gear and winding device after warm processing.
CN201810142638.7A 2018-02-11 2018-02-11 A kind of high-crystallinity polypropylene nitrile reinforced polypropylene nitrile composite fibre Pending CN108286084A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1225015A (en) * 1967-04-12 1971-03-17 Inst Wlokien Sztucznych I Synt An improved process for manufacturing crimped polyacrylonitrile fibre
JPH06108307A (en) * 1992-09-28 1994-04-19 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd Highly moisture absorbing fiber
JP2004256936A (en) * 2003-02-25 2004-09-16 Kanebo Ltd Method for producing highly flame-retardant acrylic fiber
CN101245500A (en) * 2008-03-25 2008-08-20 东华大学 Attapulgite nano-particle modified polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber protofilament and production method
CN102936760A (en) * 2012-11-05 2013-02-20 歌山建设集团有限公司 Flame retardant polyacrylonitrile fiber and preparation method thereof
CN105986329A (en) * 2015-02-13 2016-10-05 吉林吉盟腈纶有限公司 Dope-dyed polyacrylonitrile fiber and preparation method thereof
CN106350883A (en) * 2016-08-08 2017-01-25 青岛大学 Preparation method of graphene oxide/polyacrylonitrile composite fiber

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1225015A (en) * 1967-04-12 1971-03-17 Inst Wlokien Sztucznych I Synt An improved process for manufacturing crimped polyacrylonitrile fibre
JPH06108307A (en) * 1992-09-28 1994-04-19 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd Highly moisture absorbing fiber
JP2004256936A (en) * 2003-02-25 2004-09-16 Kanebo Ltd Method for producing highly flame-retardant acrylic fiber
CN101245500A (en) * 2008-03-25 2008-08-20 东华大学 Attapulgite nano-particle modified polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber protofilament and production method
CN102936760A (en) * 2012-11-05 2013-02-20 歌山建设集团有限公司 Flame retardant polyacrylonitrile fiber and preparation method thereof
CN105986329A (en) * 2015-02-13 2016-10-05 吉林吉盟腈纶有限公司 Dope-dyed polyacrylonitrile fiber and preparation method thereof
CN106350883A (en) * 2016-08-08 2017-01-25 青岛大学 Preparation method of graphene oxide/polyacrylonitrile composite fiber

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Application publication date: 20180717