CN108279155B - Multidirectional loading structural surface strength measuring device and using method - Google Patents
Multidirectional loading structural surface strength measuring device and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108279155B CN108279155B CN201810083623.8A CN201810083623A CN108279155B CN 108279155 B CN108279155 B CN 108279155B CN 201810083623 A CN201810083623 A CN 201810083623A CN 108279155 B CN108279155 B CN 108279155B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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Abstract
The invention discloses a strength measuring device for a multidirectional loading structural surface and a using method thereof, belonging to the technical field of rock and soil testing. The device mainly comprises three parts, namely a base supporting structure, an inclined platform structure and a shear test structure. The base supporting structure comprises a horizontal adjusting ground foot, a horizontal screw rod, a movable inclined platform supporting frame connected with the horizontal screw rod and the like; the inclined platform structure comprises an inclined platform, an angle scale, a platform rotating bracket and the like; the shear test structure comprises a sample shear box, a loading jack, a jack counter-force supporting frame, a loading rod supporting frame and the like. The using method comprises the following steps: the base is horizontally placed through the adjustable anchor, then the loading force perpendicular to the sample to be tested is controlled through the loading jack, and the angle of the inclined platform is controlled through the angle scale, so that the angle-variable and multi-directional structural surface shear test is realized, and the structural surface strength under different loading angles is measured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock-soil testing, and particularly relates to a strength measuring device for a multidirectional loading structural surface and a using method thereof.
Technical Field
Rock mass is an important geological environment for underground engineering construction, various geological interfaces or fracture surfaces exist in the rock mass and are called structural surfaces, the strength characteristics of the structural surfaces are influenced by the geometrical characteristics of inclination angles, roughness, filling degree and the like of the structural surfaces, and the strength of the structural surfaces determines the mechanical characteristics of the rock mass.
One of the most important mechanical properties of the structural surface is shear strength, which is usually very low and is easily damaged along the structural surface due to slight disturbance, so that after on-site sampling, the rock containing the structural surface cannot be processed into a regular test piece capable of being directly sheared, and in practice, the material containing the structural surface is usually poured into the regular test piece by using rock-like materials, and then a shearing test is performed along the direction of the structural surface.
In practical situations, geological activities such as earthquakes, volcanic eruption, tectonic movements and the like have directional uncertainty, and meanwhile, excavation, blasting, tunneling, drilling and the like of human engineering activities also have directional uncertainty, so that the stress directions of structural surfaces in rock bodies are different, horizontal and vertical and inclined. Therefore, in the structural plane shear test, the result of the test is greatly influenced due to the uncertain factors of the loading direction.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a multidirectional loading structural surface strength measuring device and a using method thereof, which can be well suitable for a structural surface shear strength test in a multi-angle loading mode, can overcome the defect that only loading along the direction of a structural surface is researched in the past, control different loading angles to realize shear tests of different structural surface inclination angles, overcome the complexity of manufacturing a multi-structural surface inclination angle sample, and realize the shear test of the multi-structural surface inclination angle by using the same type of sample. Meanwhile, the inaccuracy of the test result is avoided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a strength measuring device for a multidirectional loading structural plane comprises a base supporting structure, an inclined platform structure and a shear test structure;
the base supporting structure comprises a horizontal adjusting ground foot, a horizontal screw rod and an inclined platform supporting frame connected with the horizontal screw rod;
the horizontal adjusting anchor is in threaded connection with the base, and the base adjusts the levelness through the horizontal adjusting anchor; the base is provided with an inclined platform support frame and a horizontal screw rod, a sliding block is mounted on the horizontal screw rod, and the position of the sliding block is adjusted to support the inclined platform; the sliding block and the inclined platform are hinged with the supporting bracket;
the inclined platform structure comprises an inclined platform, an angle scale and a platform rotating bracket;
the tilting platform is connected with the base through a rotating support, the rotating support is rigidly connected with the base, the rotating support is hinged with the tilting platform, and an angle scale is arranged at the hinged point to control the inclination of the tilting platform;
the shear test structure comprises an upper shear box, a lower shear box, a loading jack, a jack counter-force support frame, a vertical screw rod, a loading rod and a loading rod counter-force support frame;
the lower shearing box and the supporting upright post are rigidly connected with the inclined platform, and the inclined platform fixes the lower shearing box through a pin; a counter-force supporting frame is arranged on the supporting upright post, a sample to be tested is arranged in the lower shearing box, and an upper shearing box is arranged on the upper cover of the sample to be tested; the jack applies pressure to the upper shearing box through the counter force supporting frame, so that the pressure is applied to the sample to be tested; the loading rod is connected with the loader, the loading rod is connected with the vertical screw rod through a support, and the vertical screw rod is rigidly connected with the base; the loader is connected with the loading rod counter-force support frame in a sliding manner through two sliding wires, and the loading rod counter-force support frame is rigidly connected with the base; the output end of the loading rod acts on the side wall of the upper shearing box, and the multi-angle shearing force of the sample to be tested is applied under the action of the loading rod.
The use method of the multidirectional loading structural surface strength measuring device comprises the following steps:
step 1, fixing the position of a measuring device, and finely leveling a base by horizontally adjusting a ground foot and a level ruler on the lower part of the base;
step 2, arranging the inclined platform to be horizontally placed, installing a sample to be tested in an upper shearing box and a lower shearing box, controlling the vertical pressure of the sample to be tested through a vertical loading jack, applying a shearing force parallel to a structural plane to the sample to be tested through a loading rod, and recording shearing test data;
step 3, removing the sheared sample, installing the sample to be tested according to the operation of the step 2, enabling the sample to be tested to be fit with the upper and lower shearing boxes, and applying vertical pressure; slowly lifting the inclined table clockwise, controlling the lifting angle to be 10 degrees through an angle scale, and firmly stabilizing the inclined table through a base horizontal screw rod and a sliding block;
step 5, repeatedly executing the operations of the step 3 and the step 4, recording the reading of the angle scale and corresponding shearing test data of each test, and summarizing;
and 6, determining the shear strength of the structural surface under different loading angles by combining the measured data.
The criterion of shear failure in step 2 is: when the relative shearing displacement of the upper rock block and the lower rock block reaches 2mm, the structural surface is considered to be subjected to direct shearing damage.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention provides a multidirectional loading structural surface strength measuring device and a using method thereof, which can be well suitable for a structural surface shear strength test in a multi-angle loading mode, can overcome the defect that only loading along the direction of a structural surface is researched in the past, realize shear tests of different structural surface inclination angles by controlling different loading angles, overcome the complexity of manufacturing a multi-structural surface inclination angle sample, and realize the shear test of the multi-structural surface inclination angle by using the same type of sample. Meanwhile, the device has simple and reliable structure, convenient disassembly and assembly, intuitive and understandable operation steps; because the horizontal adjusting ground feet and the leveling rod are added, the levelness of the base structure can be accurately leveled, and the inaccuracy of a test result is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the stress of the sample to be measured in different loading directions during the rotation of the tilting table.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to FIGS. 1-2 and the specific implementation steps. The utility model provides a multidirectional loading structural plane intensity survey device, includes three major part of base bearing structure, slope platform structure, shear test structure. The base supporting structure comprises a horizontal adjusting anchor 9, a horizontal screw rod 4 and a movable inclined platform supporting frame 3 connected with the horizontal screw rod. Horizontal adjustment lower margin 9 and base 13 threaded connection, the levelness of accessible horizontal adjustment lower margin 9 adjustment base 13, the levelness reflects through spirit level 8. The base 13 is provided with an inclined platform support frame 3 and a horizontal screw rod 4, a sliding block 14 is installed on the horizontal screw rod 4, and the inclined platform 12 is supported by fixing the position of the sliding block 14. The sliding block 14 is hinged with the inclined platform 12 and the inclined platform supporting frame 3. The tilt platform structure comprises a tilt platform 12, an angle scale 6 and a rotating bracket 15. The inclined platform structure is connected with the base through the rotating support 15, the rotating support 15 is rigidly connected with the base 13, the rotating support 15 is hinged with the inclined platform 12, and the angle scale 6 is arranged at a hinged point to control the inclination of the inclined platform 12. The shear test structure comprises an upper shear box 16, a lower shear box 11, a support upright 2, a loading jack 7, a counter force support frame 5, a loading rod 1 and a loading rod support frame 21. The lower shear box 11 and the supporting upright 2 are rigidly connected with an inclined platform 12, and the lower part of the inclined platform 12 is provided with a pin for fixing the lower shear box 11. The loading jack 7 applies pressure on the upper shear box 16 through the counterforce support frame 5, thereby applying pressure to the sample 10 to be tested. The loading rod 1 is connected to a loader 19, the loading rod 1 is connected to a vertical screw 17 via a bracket 18 in order to stabilize the loading device, and the vertical screw 17 is rigidly connected to the base 13. The loading rod support 18 is internally provided with a sliding steel ball, the loader 19 is connected with a loading rod counter-force support frame 21 in a sliding way through two movable sliding wires 20, and the loading rod counter-force support frame 21 is rigidly connected with the base 13. The loading rod 1 acts on the side wall of the upper shear box 16, and the loading rod 1 is used for exerting shear force on the sample 10 to be tested in different directions.
The use method of the multidirectional loading structural surface strength measuring device comprises the following steps:
step 1, fixing the position of a measuring device, and finely leveling a base structure through a horizontal adjusting foot 9 and a horizontal ruler 8 at the lower part of a base 13;
step 2, arranging the inclined platform 12 to be horizontally placed, installing the sample 10 to be tested in the upper and lower shearing boxes 11, controlling the vertical pressure of the sample 10 to be tested through the vertical loading jack 7, applying a shearing force parallel to the structural plane to the sample 10 to be tested through the loading rod 1, and recording shearing test data;
and 3, removing the sheared sample, reinstalling the sample 10 to be tested according to the operation of the step 2, enabling the sample 10 to be tested to be matched with the upper and lower shearing boxes, and applying vertical pressure. Slowly lifting the inclined table 12 clockwise, controlling the lifting angle to be 10 degrees through the angle scale 6, and firmly stabilizing the inclined table 12 through the base horizontal screw rod 4, the sliding block 14 and the inclined platform support frame 3;
and 5, repeatedly executing the operations of the step 3 and the step 4, recording the reading of the angle scale and corresponding shearing test data of each test, and summarizing.
And 6, determining the shear strength of the structural surface under different loading angles by combining the measured data.
The criterion of shear failure in step 2 is: when the relative shearing displacement of the upper rock block and the lower rock block reaches 2mm, the structural surface is considered to be subjected to direct shearing damage.
The above described assay devices and procedures are merely illustrative of the principles and functions of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a multidirectional loading structural plane intensity survey device which characterized in that: the device comprises three parts, namely a base supporting structure, an inclined platform structure and a shear test structure;
the base supporting structure comprises a horizontal adjusting ground foot, a horizontal screw rod and an inclined platform supporting frame connected with the horizontal screw rod;
the horizontal adjusting anchor is in threaded connection with the base, and the base adjusts the levelness through the horizontal adjusting anchor; the base is provided with an inclined platform support frame and a horizontal screw rod, a sliding block is mounted on the horizontal screw rod, and the position of the sliding block is adjusted to support the inclined platform; the sliding block and the inclined platform are hinged with the supporting bracket;
the inclined platform structure comprises an inclined platform, an angle scale and a platform rotating bracket;
the tilting platform is connected with the base through a rotating support, the rotating support is rigidly connected with the base, the rotating support is hinged with the tilting platform, and an angle scale is arranged at the hinged point to control the inclination of the tilting platform;
the shear test structure comprises an upper shear box, a lower shear box, a loading jack, a jack counter-force support frame, a vertical screw rod, a loading rod and a loading rod counter-force support frame;
the lower shearing box and the supporting upright post are rigidly connected with the inclined platform, and the inclined platform fixes the lower shearing box through a pin; a counter-force supporting frame is arranged on the supporting upright post, a sample to be tested is arranged in the lower shearing box, and an upper shearing box is arranged on the upper cover of the sample to be tested; the jack applies pressure to the upper shearing box through the counter force supporting frame, so that the pressure is applied to the sample to be tested; the loading rod is connected with the loader, the loading rod is connected with the vertical screw rod through a support, and the vertical screw rod is rigidly connected with the base; the loader is connected with the loading rod counter-force support frame in a sliding manner through two sliding wires, and the loading rod counter-force support frame is rigidly connected with the base; the output end of the loading rod acts on the side wall of the upper shearing box, and the multi-angle shearing force of the sample to be tested is applied under the action of the loading rod.
2. The use method of the multidirectional loading structural surface strength measuring device is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, fixing the position of a measuring device, and finely leveling a base by horizontally adjusting a ground foot and a level ruler on the lower part of the base;
step 2, arranging the inclined platform to be horizontally placed, installing a sample to be tested in an upper shearing box and a lower shearing box, controlling the vertical pressure of the sample to be tested through a vertical loading jack, applying a shearing force parallel to a structural plane to the sample to be tested through a loading rod, and recording shearing test data;
step 3, removing the sheared sample, installing the sample to be tested according to the operation of the step 2, enabling the sample to be tested to be fit with the upper and lower shearing boxes, and applying vertical pressure; slowly lifting the inclined table clockwise, controlling the lifting angle to be 10 degrees through an angle scale, and firmly stabilizing the inclined table through a base horizontal screw rod and a sliding block;
step 4, adjusting the height of the loading rod through a slide wire on the loading rod counter-force support frame and a support on the vertical screw rod, keeping the loading rod horizontal, applying shearing force to the sample to be tested, and recording shearing test data;
step 5, repeatedly executing the operations of the step 3 and the step 4, recording the reading of the angle scale and corresponding shearing test data of each test, and summarizing;
and 6, determining the shear strength of the structural surface under different loading angles by combining the measured data.
3. The use method of the multidirectional loading structural surface strength measurement device according to claim 2, wherein the use method comprises the following steps:
the criterion of shear failure in step 2 is: when the relative shearing displacement of the upper rock block and the lower rock block reaches 2mm, the structural surface is considered to be subjected to direct shearing damage.
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| CN112710605A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-27 | 宁波大学 | High-precision rock mass structural plane shear strength size effect inclination test system |
| CN112748023B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2023-10-31 | 广西科技大学 | Geosynthetic material temperature control oblique shear test device and test method |
| CN112986009B (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2022-03-15 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Rock mass structural plane six-degree-of-freedom shear test device and test method thereof |
| CN113295514B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-07-01 | 王忠波 | Pulling and pressing equipment for testing corrosion resistance and shearing resistance of anchor rod |
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Inventor after: Wang Feili Inventor after: Wang Shuhong Inventor after: Repairing and occupying the country Inventor after: Chen Meng Inventor after: Sha Chengman Inventor after: Zhang Zishan Inventor before: Wang Shuhong Inventor before: Wang Feili Inventor before: Repairing and occupying the country Inventor before: Chen Meng Inventor before: Sha Chengman Inventor before: Zhang Zishan |