CN108275936A - A kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108275936A CN108275936A CN201711481179.7A CN201711481179A CN108275936A CN 108275936 A CN108275936 A CN 108275936A CN 201711481179 A CN201711481179 A CN 201711481179A CN 108275936 A CN108275936 A CN 108275936A
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 167
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011381 foam concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010430 carbonatite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004884 grey matter Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical class O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfluramid Chemical group CCNS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F CCEKAJIANROZEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012237 artificial material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003426 chemical strengthening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006063 cullet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002986 polymer concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003716 rejuvenation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011376 self-consolidating concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- BPJYAXCTOHRFDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L tetracopper;2,4,6-trioxido-1,3,5,2,4,6-trioxatriarsinane;diacetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.[O-][As]1O[As]([O-])O[As]([O-])O1.[O-][As]1O[As]([O-])O[As]([O-])O1 BPJYAXCTOHRFDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00663—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as filling material for cavities or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00663—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as filling material for cavities or the like
- C04B2111/00706—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as filling material for cavities or the like around pipelines or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00724—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 in mining operations, e.g. for backfilling; in making tunnels or galleries
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00732—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for soil stabilisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/0075—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for road construction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete, including following component and mass percent:Regenerate emery dust 10% 93%;Regenerate composite blend 5% 83%;Portland cement 0 20%;Alkali-activator 0 5%;Additive 1% 2%;It is less than 1900kg/m to regenerate emery dust and regenerate the density that the double-doped total amount of composite blend is prepared more than 70%3Non-coarse aggregate lightweight concrete.The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of regeneration emery dust green concrete.A kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete and preparation method thereof of the present invention, waste and old concrete cement stone dust regenerate composite blend with obtained from the mixed regeneration emery dust mix grinding of brick, belong to multicomponent composite gelled material, have plural gel and synergistic effect;A kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete of the present invention has given full play to the filing effect and micro aggregate effect of regeneration emery dust, and regeneration composite blend gelling property, it is double-doped more than 70%, regrown material large dosage is realized, to may advantageously facilitate waste material of buildings recycling complete utilization and promote concrete industry Green Development.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to building waste residue regenerative use technology fields, and in particular to a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete and its
Preparation method.
Background technology
Concrete is the maximum artificial material of worldwide production, and global concrete total output is hundred million cube/year of 60-70, I
The concrete total output of state is hundred million cube/year of 30-40.The recyclable development and sustainable development of concrete increasingly cause widely
Concern.Concrete divides two major classes, one kind to be structure bearing type concrete substantially from performance, and one kind is non-structural bearing type
Concrete, i.e., functional concrete, as fill concrete, lightweight concrete, light aggregate concrete, foam concrete, aerating are mixed
Solidifying soil, powder concrete etc..
Traditional, narrow sense regeneration concrete refers to that material is mixed different substances together in the conduct of the waste and old concretes recycled aggregate such as concrete structures
The concrete of mixing;The regeneration concrete of broad sense refers to waste material of buildings, including concrete construction waste, brick mixed building waste, dress
Repair the one of which such as the regrown material of the waste material of buildings such as waste material of buildings, including recycled coarse aggregate, recycled fine aggregate, regenerated powder or
A variety of concrete as raw material mixing.
China's publication《Concrete and mortar recycled fine aggregate》(GB/T25176-2010)、《Concrete is thick with regeneration
Aggregate》(GB/T25177-2010) all it is the standard for following traditional recycled concrete thinking and formulating.Building construction waste
Recycled coarse aggregate and recycled fine aggregate cannot usually reach the requirement of the two standards.Currently, most of Concrete Enterprises refusals
Use building construction trashformation coarse aggregate and building construction recycled fine aggregate mixing concrete.It was verified that by improving room
The technology path that useless recycled aggregate intensity production regenerated aggregate concrete is built in room is infeasible.Useless regeneration rough set is built in so-called raising house
Expect intensity, including physical strengthening technology (i.e. shaping technique reduces corner angle and foliaceous etc.) and chemical strengthening technology (i.e. plated film skill
Art, using waterproofing agent of organosilicon spray, dipping recycled coarse aggregate), both increase cost, it is also difficult to fundamentally improve house and build
Useless recycled coarse aggregate intensity.
China is at this stage and following 15 years based on brick mixed building waste.It is total before China to the year two thousand thirty about to generate
15000000000 tons or so of waste material of buildings, it is rough to estimate that brick mixed building waste accounts for about 70% or so of waste material of buildings total amount, 20% or so
It is finishing waste material of buildings and post and panel structure waste material of buildings etc. for reinforced concrete constructional work waste material of buildings, 10% or so.
Brick mixes recycled coarse aggregate, and there are two weakness, it is caused to be difficult to open up new prospect in regenerated aggregate concrete:First, brick
Mixed recycled coarse aggregate crush values index fluctuation is big, second is that brick mixes in recycled coarse aggregate, the fluctuation of lightweight impurity content is big, is difficult to control
System.Here it is entirely build one of the main reason for dirty lines industry delays to rise from the valley bottom.
Clay brick porosity is high, therefore brick mixed building waste water absorption rate, moisture content are high.Brick mixed building waste contains mostly
Water rate is more than 7%.The fine grained less than 5mm that brick mixed building waste is crushed, sieves and recycled, substantially regenerates emery dust.Brick
Mixed regeneration emery dust powder content according to《Concrete and mortar recycled fine aggregate》(GB/T25176-2010) standard requirement, is deposited
In the exceeded problem of powder content.The mixed regeneration mixture of sand silt and clay powder separation difficulty of brick (the mixed regeneration emery dust energy consumption of adove about needs 20 degree of electricity,
Selecting powder energy consumption about needs 10 degree of electricity), here it is entirely build the two of the main reason for dirty lines industry delays to rise from the valley bottom.
Concrete is resource consumption rich and influential family.25,000,000,000 tons of various resources of China year consumption, wherein Concrete Industry consume sand
Stone, clay are 15,000,000,000 tons total, account for about 70% (cement consumption) of china natural resources total amount consumed.1,500,000,000 tons of China year discharge is built
Build waste (including coagulation civil engineering is useless, brick it is mixed build useless, finishing build it is useless etc.), wherein 95% is waste and old clay brick, waste and old coagulation
The waste and old silicate material of the building waste residues such as soil, waste ceramic, cullet, 5% is the lightweights such as waste wood block, useless fabric, waste paper, waste plastics
Impurity.Devoting Major Efforts To Developing New Regenerated material greatly develops functional concrete and its product, realizes building waste residue regeneration,
Have become strategic objective of the industry there is an urgent need to realization.
70% is cement stone dust and clay brick " clinker " in China's waste material of buildings.The study found that concrete water mudstone
Powder and brick mixed building trashformation emery dust mix grinding have plural gel and synergistic effect, belong to recycled cement scope.China year disappears
Consume more than 20 hundred million tons of cement.It realizes waste material of buildings resource recycling, not only to realize the regeneration of sandstone, also to realize
The regeneration of cement.
Through the Searches of Patent Literature, the patent about recycled cement has 200510136624.7 (discarded concrete of Patent No.
Activating and regenerating cement technology), 200710144945.0 methods of recycled aggregate and recycled cement (discarded concretes produce),
201410623582.9 (method for preparing recycled cement using waste and old concrete) three patents of invention.Three patents of invention
The technology for belonging to calcining discarded concrete manufacture recycled cement is caused since calcine technology is complicated and increases urban environment load
Make to be difficult to put into practice in city.Patent No. 201110373402.2 (recycled cement and its manufacturing method) is discarded concrete
With the technology of slag, slag mix grinding recycled cement, slag, slag add up to ratio to account for 50% of total amount or so, are bound to increase and build
The workload of useless regeneration enterprise.
Invention content
Purpose of the invention is to overcome the shortcomings in the prior art, provide a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete and its
Preparation method, to realize waste material of buildings recycling complete utilization and high value added utilization and concrete industry Green Development and can hold
Supervention exhibition.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
A kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete, which is characterized in that including following component and mass percent:
It is less than 1900kg/m to regenerate emery dust and regenerate the density that composite blend is mixed total amount more than 70% and prepared again3Nothing
Coarse aggregate lightweight concrete.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the regeneration emery dust is that waste material of buildings passes through harmless treatment and recycling
Reclaimed sand of the grain size less than 5mm and regeneration powder two-component regrown material of regeneration and production, wherein grain size are less than 0.075mm again
Fecula accounts for the 10%-25% of total regeneration emery dust;The harmless treatment and recycling regeneration are by waste material of buildings by broken
Broken, screening initial gross separation go out the grain size that obtains after metal object, combustible, soil 5-50mm recycled coarse aggregate.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is 6 that the regeneration composite blend, which is mass ratio,:4~8:2 concrete
Regenerate emery dust and rejuvenation gel material obtained from the mixed regeneration emery dust of brick and grinding aid mix grinding.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the concrete regenerating emery dust be concrete construction waste by crushing,
It isolates more than the grain size recycled after 5mm sand particles less than 5mm with Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste particle as main concrete regenerating emery dust.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mixed regeneration emery dust of the brick is brick mixed building waste by crushing, sieving
It is mixed again to isolate brick with clay brick particle based on of the grain size less than 5mm for mixing more than 5mm lightweights and being recycled after composition granule
Greensand powder.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the alkali-activator includes sodium metasilicate, sodium hydroxide.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the additive includes foaming agent, water-reducing agent.
Concrete regenerating emery dust used in the present invention is that concrete construction waste is more than by crushing, isolating
Grain size after 5mm sand particles is less than the particulate matter of 5mm, by analysis its ingredient, and most of is Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste and cement mortar.It is useless
Old concrete regenerates emery dust and regenerates composite blend with obtained from the mixed regeneration emery dust mix grinding of brick, belongs to multicomponent plural gel material
Material has plural gel and synergistic effect.
A kind of preparation method of regeneration emery dust green concrete, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Step (1), regrown material are modified for the first time --- the preparation of regeneration emery dust:
Step (1.1), lamination:The waste material of buildings recycled coarse aggregate of 5-50mm is crushed using laminated grinding equipment;
Step (1.2), impurity elimination:The particle (sandstone or lightweight impurity) that grain size is more than 5mm is isolated using screening installation,
Recycle the regeneration emery dust that grain size is less than 5mm;
Step (2), regrown material are twice-modified --- the preparation of regeneration composite blend:
Step (2.1), mix grinding:It is 6 according to mass ratio:4~8:The mixed regeneration emery dust of 2 concrete regenerating emery dust and brick, which adds, to be helped
Grinding agent uses milling apparatus mix grinding;
Step (2.2) selects powder:The namely regenerated composite blend of regenerative micro powder of 300-800 mesh is recycled by powder concentrator,
It is regenerative gel material;
Step (3), regrown material are modified three times --- the preparation of regeneration emery dust green concrete:
Regeneration emery dust and regeneration composite blend are mixed into ratio again and are more than 70%, as described above proportioning addition silicic acid
Salt cement, alkali-activator, additive, excitation regeneration emery dust and the activity for regenerating composite blend, produce density and are less than
The regeneration emery dust green concrete of the various strength grades of 1900kg/m3.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the laminating apparatus that step (1.1) regrown material is modified for the first time includes high pressure roller
Press, step (1.2), impurity elimination:Include rotary screen using screening installation;The twice-modified grinding of step (2.1) regrown material is set
Standby includes Raymond mill, Vertical Mill, ring roll mill, ball milling.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the alkali-activator that step (3) regrown material is modified three times includes sodium metasilicate, hydrogen
Sodium oxide molybdena, additive include foaming agent, water-reducing agent.
Modification theory is to squeeze waste material of buildings recycled coarse aggregate, shape by high pressure roll press to step (1) regrown material for the first time
It is crushed at high pressure bed of material group, to generate selective molecular attraction phenomenon, the silicic acid such as fragile material waste concrete, useless brick, waste ceramic
Salt waste residue is crushed mostly to grain size 5mm hereinafter, wherein the higher raw material sandstone of intensity becomes abrasive media, crush and grind clinker
Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste and useless brick cause Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste and useless brick particle to take the lead in being extruded and be ground into powder, and grain size is less than 0.075mm fecula again
Body accounts for about 10-25%, and sandstone becomes thickness Machine-made Sand;And the lightweights impurity such as toughness material wood fragments block, textile flocks, broken plastics
Be crushed (most grain size is in 5mm or more), is isolated to be conducive to the screening installations such as emery dust seperator or drum-type screening machine
Lightweight impurity, and produce regeneration emery dust two-component regrown material.
The twice-modified principle of step (2) regrown material is that milling apparatus mix grinding concrete regenerating emery dust and brick mix reclaimed sand
Powder, the mechanical forces such as compression, shearing, impact, friction, stretching, bending cause concrete regenerating emery dust and the mixed regeneration emery dust production of brick
Raw structure and performance change, concrete regenerating emery dust and the mixed regeneration emery dust mix grinding of brick, have synergistic effect and plural gel in addition
Feature, to improve the activity of regeneration composite blend.
Modification theory is that powder and regeneration are multiple in cement or alkali-activator excitation regeneration emery dust to step (3) regrown material three times
Admixture activity is closed, in addition the united applications such as foaming agent and water-reducing agent, improves concrete pore rate and concrete flowability, to
Obtain regeneration emery dust lightweight concrete, liquid concrete etc..
Experiment shows that cement excitation type regeneration emery dust green concrete has saving cement, later strength height, durability good
The features such as, particularly suitable production prefabrication type regenerated construction material product.Alkali-activated carbonatite type regenerate emery dust green concrete have save cement,
The features such as early strength is high, durability is good, particularly suitable production 300-800kg/m3Expansion type regenerated construction material is used for underground pipe gallery
Fill concrete and building construction filling wall concrete use and suitable for producing finishing waste material of buildings regeneration emery dust base green is mixed
Solidifying soil product, including municipal works road noise barrier plate, curtain wall penel, roadbed bed course etc..
Regeneration emery dust, which is produced, by laminating apparatus realizes that choosing is modified for the first time, milling apparatus production regeneration composite blend is realized
Mechanical force and chemical is twice-modified and the production regeneration emery dust base green concrete modified three times of excitation technique, from realizing again
Green material large dosage has achieved the purpose that not only to save sandstone but also has saved cement;Since it is free of coarse aggregate, it is both increased substantially
Mobility, and avoid obscuring with structure bearing type concrete;Since regeneration emery dust green concrete density is less than 1900kg/m3Belong to
Various lightweight concretes and its product other than legal light aggregate concrete scope, suitable for producing structure bearing type concrete, from
And be expected to develop into the second concrete, become the important supplement of structure bearing type concrete.
A kind of reclaimed sand powder concrete application, including regeneration emery dust base foamed concrete and regeneration emery dust base non-foamed coagulation
Soil;Regenerate the precast concretes such as the ready-mixed concrete of emery dust base and regeneration emery dust substrate block brick;Housing project is filled out with regeneration emery dust base
Fill concrete, thermal insulation concrete etc. and road engineering regeneration emery dust base subgrade stability concrete, road slope protection concrete and
Municipal underground engineering fill concrete etc..
Compared with prior art, a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete of the invention and preparation method thereof has following beneficial
Effect:
One, China's waste and old concrete discharges about 200,000,000 tons/year, wherein about 50,000,000 tons or so of Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste, by this 50,000,000 tons
Regeneration composite blend is made with the mixed regeneration emery dust mix grinding of brick in Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste, and partial alternative cement is used for producing non-structural weight-bearing function
Concrete and its product have great energy-saving and environmental protection meaning.
Two, concrete regenerating emery dust and the mixed regeneration emery dust of brick and its regeneration composite blend, existing fillibility, and fully hair
Wave its volcano grey matter cementitious material characteristic;
Three, a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete of the invention has given full play to the filing effect and Wei Ji of regeneration emery dust
Expect effect, and regeneration composite blend gelling property, is mixed again more than 70%, realize regrown material large dosage, to advantageous
In promotion waste material of buildings minimizing;
Four, alkali-excited cement has many advantages, such as that intensity height, corrosion resistance and good, durability are good, mixes waste material of buildings regeneration
Emery dust can be made the polymer concrete of regeneration emery dust base, be mixed reclaimed sand for producing using alkali-activators such as waterglass
The municipal administration component such as powder concrete road sound insulationg board (sound barrier panel), road partition, city sofa, the good, durability with closure
Well, the features such as light weight, good toughness, the resource recycling that finishing waste material of buildings mixes regrown material is solved;
Five, a kind of comprehensive analysis, regeneration emery dust green concrete of the invention, belongs to green building material scope:
1, a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete belongs to nodal wood type green building material, and regeneration emery dust and regeneration composite blend are multiple
It mixes more than 70%, it is meant that a kind of 70% natural resources of regeneration emery dust green concrete saving embody the limited natural money of protection
The principle in source;
2, a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete of the invention belongs to energy-saving green building material;Regenerate emery dust without drying,
Powder is selected, about 30 degree of electricity/tons of energy consumption are saved;Regeneration composite blend is the regeneration that cement stone dust is obtained with the mixed regeneration emery dust mix grinding of brick
Composite gelled material has volcano grey matter glue in cement stone dust containing unhydrated cement granules and clay brick regenerated powder
Solidifying feature is swashed containing substances such as flyash, slag powders, lime stones by mix grinding Mechanochemical Activation, alkali in Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste in addition
Hair etc., realizes saving cement;A kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete of the present invention will become traditional structure bearing type concrete
Important supplement, reinforced concrete structure building in addition to the load-carrying members such as slab column should not use regeneration emery dust base green concrete
Outside, other light-weight filled wall concrete (containing pour with it is prefabricated), roof heat insulation concrete, terrace thermal insulation concrete etc. can make
With;
3, a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete of the invention belongs to health type green building material;It regenerates emery dust and regenerates compound
Admixture belongs to the cleaning regrown material of deep processing recycling;By 5-50mm recycled coarse aggregates, using lamination regeneration technology equipment,
Using the selective molecular attraction phenomenon of generation, the silicates such as the broken clay brick of fragile material, concrete, ceramics, glass are built slag and are crushed,
Toughness material wood fragments block, fabric, plastics etc. are crushed, then remove impurity by screening machine, to realize cleaning regrown material
Recycling;
4, a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete of the invention belongs to High-performance green building materials;A kind of regeneration emery dust base green
Concrete is non-coarse aggregate concrete, can be configured to flowing concrete, good fluidity and is not easy to isolate;
5, a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete of the invention belongs to high added value green building material;Due to brick mixed building waste
Recycled coarse aggregate intensity is low and the fluctuation of impurity content is big, only 8-15 yuan/ton of market price;And it is build mixed to brick to regenerate emery dust
Obtained from building the progress deep processing of trashformation coarse aggregate, lightweight impurity was not only removed, but also change original recycled coarse aggregate
Character realizes modified and activation, due to regenerating the production of composite blend, to be conducive to utilize foaming technique production regeneration
Emery dust foam concrete and its product.Through comprehensive assessment, it is expected to realize that average 1 ton of regeneration emery dust production, 1 cube of regeneration emery dust is mixed
Solidifying soil builds slag regrown material for average 1 ton and creates 200 yuan of market values, and the price that 8-15 yuan/ton of recycled coarse aggregate is mixed than brick carries
10 times of high value or more;
6, a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete of the invention belongs to safe green building materials;Regenerated coarse aggregate concrete, by
Aggregate is wrapped up in cement mortar, is difficult with the naked eye to distinguish regenerated coarse aggregate kind, content, mix different substances together rate etc. and regenerated coarse aggregate
Concrete is easy to obscure with natural sand stone aggregate concrete, causes some municipal engineering construction Supervision companies refusal recycled aggregate mixed
Solidifying soil enters construction site (some Urban Regeneration aggregate concretes, which enter construction site, just to be reported);And one kind of the present invention is again
Greensand powder green concrete is non-coarse aggregate concrete, and the light filling concrete as non-structural bearing type uses, and is grabbed with hand
It visually sees and is easy to distinguish, it is not easy to obscure;
7, a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete of the invention belongs to recyclable building materials;A kind of regeneration emery dust base green
Concrete can also be recycled after being broken, be recycled, regeneration, avoided stacking and be filled;
8, a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete of the invention is " general concrete ", " omnipotent concrete ", " the second coagulation
Soil ", " the second building materials ", it is widely used;A kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete of the present invention, which removes, is used as structure bearing type concrete
Use outer, the various concrete of suitable for producing:House insulation wall concrete, filling wall concrete, terrace concrete etc., road
Road stabilizing concrete, blinding concrete, slope protection concrete, city underground engineering fill concrete, grouted-aggregate concrete, Self-leveling are mixed
Solidifying soil, self-compacting concrete etc. can use regeneration emery dust base green concrete, and can produce regeneration for various purposes
Emery dust base green concrete plate brick and component.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described.It should be understood that following embodiment is merely to illustrate this
The range of invention and is not intended to limit the present invention.
Examples 1 to 8:
A kind of preparation method of regeneration emery dust green concrete, includes the following steps:
Step (1), the preparation for regenerating emery dust:
Usual house breaking scene is pre-processed using movable crusher, and the waste material of buildings after coarse crushing is transported to factory and carried out again
It makes profits use.
Building waste residue after coarse crushing enters factory, by bar screen separate containing soil measure it is larger be less than 5mm dregs, then
Using:
Step (1) reclaimed sand powder preparation technique:
1, it is laminated:Granular size is that the waste material of buildings recycled coarse aggregate of 5-50mm uses the laminating apparatus powder of high pressure roll press
It is broken;
2, impurity elimination:Sandstone of the grain size more than 5mm is isolated using the screening installation of such as drum-type screening machine or lightweight is mixed
Sundries, recycling grain size are less than the regeneration emery dust of 5mm.
Step (2), the preparation for regenerating composite blend:
1, mix grinding:It is 7 according to mass ratio using such as Raymond mill, the milling apparatus of Vertical Mill, ring roll mill or ball milling:3 it is mixed
Solidifying soil regeneration emery dust and the mixed regeneration emery dust of brick add grinding aid mix grinding;
2, powder is selected:The regeneration composite blend of 300-800 mesh is recycled by powder concentrator.
Step (3), the preparation for regenerating emery dust green concrete:
Emery dust A is regenerated, composite blend B, cement C1, alkali-activator C2, foaming agent D1, water-reducing agent D2, Ke Yisheng are regenerated
The products such as regeneration emery dust green concrete and its plate brick of various strength grades and various density ratings are produced, steel construction is can be used for
Or the non-structural bearing type concrete such as concrete structure prefabricated buildings engineering construction filling wall, thermal insulation wall, terrace, roofing
Using and municipal works subgrade stability concrete, road surface (brick), enclosure wall etc..
The proportioning (mass percent) of 1 non-foamed type reclaimed sand powder concrete of table and its product each component
The proportioning (mass percent) of 2 expansion type reclaimed sand powder concrete of table and its product each component
By comparative analysis, cement excitation type reclaimed sand powder concrete suitable for producing is applied to housing project filling coagulation
Soil and its product, alkali-activated carbonatite type reclaimed sand powder concrete suitable for producing are applied to road engineering concrete and its product, cement
It is applied to foamed concrete and its product with alkali-activator complex excitation type reclaimed sand powder concrete suitable for producing, has and save water
Mud, intensity are suitable, it is widely used the features such as.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but it is only used as example, the present invention is not intended to limit
In particular embodiments described above.To those skilled in the art, it is any to the invention carry out equivalent modifications and replace
In generation, is also all among scope of the invention.Therefore, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention made by impartial conversion and repair
Change, all should be contained within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete, which is characterized in that including following component and mass percent:
It is less than 1900kg/m to regenerate emery dust and regenerate the density that the double-doped total amount of composite blend is prepared more than 70%3Without thick bone
Expect lightweight concrete.
2. a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the regeneration emery dust is to build
The grain size that waste is regenerated by harmless treatment and recycling and produced is built to be less than the reclaimed sand of 5mm and regenerate the regeneration of powder two-component
The fecula again of material, wherein grain size less than 0.075mm accounts for the 10%-25% of total regeneration emery dust;The harmless treatment and
Recycling regeneration is that waste material of buildings is gone out the grain obtained after metal object, combustible, soil by broken, screening initial gross separation
Recycled coarse aggregate of the diameter in 5-50mm.
3. a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the regeneration complex mixture
It is 6 that material, which is mass ratio,:4~8:2 concrete regenerating emery dust and regeneration obtained from the mixed regeneration emery dust of brick and grinding aid mix grinding are solidifying
Glue material.
4. a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the concrete regenerating sand
Powder is that concrete construction trashformation coarse aggregate isolates grain size more than the grain recycled after 5mm sand particles by crushing, sieving
Waste and old concrete with Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste particle based on of the diameter less than 5mm regenerates emery dust.
5. a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the mixed regeneration emery dust of the brick
It is that brick mixed building trashformation coarse aggregate is recycled by crushing, sieving to isolate after grain size mixes composition granule more than 5mm lightweights
Grain size is less than the brick mixed building trashformation emery dust based on clay brick particle of 5mm.
6. a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the alkali-activator includes
Sodium metasilicate, sodium hydroxide.
7. a kind of regeneration emery dust green concrete according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the additive includes foaming
Agent, water-reducing agent.
8. a kind of preparation method of regeneration emery dust green concrete, it is characterised in that obtained to the modified three times of regrown material
A kind of New Regenerated construction material, includes the following steps:
Step (1), regrown material are modified for the first time --- the preparation of regeneration emery dust:
Step (1.1), lamination:The waste material of buildings recycled coarse aggregate of 5-50mm is crushed using laminated grinding equipment;
Step (1.2), impurity elimination:The particle (sandstone or lightweight impurity) that grain size is more than 5mm, recycling are isolated using screening installation
Grain size is less than the regeneration emery dust of 5mm;
Step (2), regrown material are twice-modified --- the preparation of regeneration composite blend:
Step (2.1), mix grinding:It is 6 according to mass ratio:4~8:The mixed regeneration emery dust of 2 concrete regenerating emery dust and brick adds grinding aid
Using milling apparatus mix grinding;
Step (2.2) selects powder:The namely regenerated composite blend of regenerative micro powder of 300-800 mesh is recycled by powder concentrator, and again
Raw rubber gel material;
Step (3), regrown material are modified three times --- the preparation of regeneration emery dust green concrete:
Regeneration emery dust and regeneration composite blend are mixed into ratio again and are more than 70%, proportioning described in accordance with the claim 1 adds silicon
Acid salt cement, alkali-activator, additive, excitation regeneration emery dust and the activity for regenerating composite blend, produce density and are less than
1900kg/m3Various strength grades regeneration emery dust green concrete.
9. a kind of preparation method of regeneration emery dust green concrete according to claim 8, which is characterized in that step
(1.1) laminating apparatus that regrown material is modified for the first time includes high pressure roll press, step (1.2), impurity elimination:Include using screening installation
Rotary screen;The twice-modified milling apparatus of step (2.1) regrown material includes Raymond mill, Vertical Mill, ring roll mill, ball milling.
10. a kind of preparation method of regeneration emery dust green concrete according to claim 8, which is characterized in that step (3)
The alkali-activator that regrown material is modified three times includes sodium metasilicate, sodium hydroxide, and additive includes foaming agent, water-reducing agent.
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CN108911606A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-30 | 顺裕(龙岩)混凝土有限公司 | A kind of regeneration concrete preparation method of high anti-seismic |
CN109265126A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-01-25 | 沈阳建筑大学 | A method of grouting material is prepared using discarded clay brick |
CN110668776A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-10 | 杜世永 | Method for preparing artificial sand, gravel and sand powder from solid waste residues |
CN111548068A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-18 | 福州大学 | Single component recycled polymer cement concrete |
CN113429183A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-09-24 | 上海建工建材科技集团股份有限公司 | High-doping-amount regenerated sand powder-based foam concrete and preparation method thereof |
CN114890741A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-12 | 中建八局第二建设有限公司 | Low-carbon self-leveling lightweight concrete and preparation method and construction method thereof |
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CN109265126A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2019-01-25 | 沈阳建筑大学 | A method of grouting material is prepared using discarded clay brick |
CN110668776A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-10 | 杜世永 | Method for preparing artificial sand, gravel and sand powder from solid waste residues |
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CN111548068A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-18 | 福州大学 | Single component recycled polymer cement concrete |
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CN114890741A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-12 | 中建八局第二建设有限公司 | Low-carbon self-leveling lightweight concrete and preparation method and construction method thereof |
CN115353331A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-11-18 | 南京益夫新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of regenerated plastering mortar |
CN115784678A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2023-03-14 | 北京超薪创艺科技有限公司 | Preparation method of self-compacting sintered lightweight aggregate foamed concrete |
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