CN108271515B - Traction device suspension type corn kernel harvester - Google Patents

Traction device suspension type corn kernel harvester Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108271515B
CN108271515B CN201810262494.9A CN201810262494A CN108271515B CN 108271515 B CN108271515 B CN 108271515B CN 201810262494 A CN201810262494 A CN 201810262494A CN 108271515 B CN108271515 B CN 108271515B
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China
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threshing
seed
threshing cylinder
power input
power
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CN108271515A (en
Inventor
崔涛
王镇东
张东兴
杨丽
丁友强
王云霞
张天亮
李玉环
钟翔君
刘彦伟
樊晨龙
王雪松
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China Agricultural University
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China Agricultural University
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D45/00Harvesting of standing crops
    • A01D45/02Harvesting of standing crops of maize, i.e. kernel harvesting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B51/00Undercarriages specially adapted for mounting-on various kinds of agricultural tools or apparatus
    • A01B51/04Undercarriages specially adapted for mounting-on various kinds of agricultural tools or apparatus drawn by animal or tractor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B59/00Devices specially adapted for connection between animals or tractors and agricultural machines or implements
    • A01B59/002Details, component parts

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)

Abstract

A traction suspension type corn kernel harvester, mainly comprises a header assembly, a threshing system assembly, a chassis and a fruit box; wherein: the header assembly comprises a divider, a cluster collecting screw and a header power mechanism; the divider is arranged on the ears the front part of the collecting screw is arranged, the cutting table power mechanism comprises a cutting table power input shaft for providing power for the cluster collecting screw; the threshing system assembly comprises a gap bridge, a threshing cylinder, a seed collection bin, a trash discharging port, a seed conveying channel and a threshing power mechanism; the fruit box is connected with the threshing system assembly through a seed conveying channel; the chassis comprises travelling wheels, a rear hanging frame, a rack and a front hanging frame; the traction suspension type corn kernel harvester is connected with the power source in a hanging mode through the rear hanging frame and the front hanging frame. The traction suspension type corn kernel harvester of the invention has smaller overall size, can well fulfill the operation requirement of harvesting small-plot corn, has the advantages of compact structure, reasonable layout, stable operation, strong economical practicability and the like.

Description

Traction suspension type corn kernel harvester
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and relates to a corn kernel direct harvesting machine, in particular to a traction suspension type corn kernel harvester.
Background
In recent years, the development speed of corn harvesting machinery in China is higher, but the machine type is more traditional, the corn harvesting machinery is mainly used as the harvesting machinery, and the corn harvesting machinery is mainly designed for field operation, so that the problem of larger machine type is generally existed. At present, the hilly area of the mountain land occupies a large part of the arable land in China, the problems of small land block, large gradient and the like commonly exist in the areas, and the mechanized harvesting of the areas by using the existing harvester is difficult to achieve.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to solve the problem of corn harvesting in hilly areas, and provides the suspension type corn kernel harvester which has a compact and reasonable structure, works stably and reliably and can smoothly finish corn harvesting operation and directly realize corn kernel harvesting. The suspension type corn harvester designed by the invention is not only suitable for operation in hilly areas, but also can play a role in fields, and can realize direct corn kernel harvesting operation.
The invention relates to a traction suspension type corn kernel harvester, which comprises a header assembly, a threshing system assembly, a chassis and a fruit box; the method is characterized in that:
the header assembly comprises a divider, a cluster collecting screw and a header power mechanism; the crop divider is arranged in front of the cluster collecting screw, and the header power mechanism comprises a header power input shaft for providing power for the cluster collecting screw;
the threshing system assembly comprises a gap bridge, a threshing cylinder, a grain collecting bin, a impurity discharging port, a grain conveying channel and a threshing power mechanism, wherein the threshing cylinder comprises a threshing cylinder outer shell and a threshing cylinder body arranged in the threshing cylinder outer shell, and the front end of the threshing cylinder outer shell is connected with the header assembly through the gap bridge to receive the fruit cluster collected by the fruit cluster collecting spiral; the rear end of the threshing cylinder shell is connected with a trash outlet, the lower part of the threshing cylinder shell is connected with a seed collection bin through a separation concave plate, a seed conveyor is arranged in the seed collection bin, and the seed collection bin is connected with a seed conveying channel;
the fruit box is connected with the threshing system assembly through a seed conveying channel;
the chassis comprises travelling wheels, a rear hanging frame, a rack and a front hanging frame; the traction suspension type corn kernel harvester is respectively connected with a power source in a hanging mode through a rear hanging frame and a front hanging frame.
In one embodiment of the invention, the threshing power mechanism comprises a threshing system power input wheel arranged at the rear end of the grain conveyor and a threshing cylinder power input wheel arranged at the rear end of the threshing cylinder body; the front end of the grain conveyor is fixedly provided with a reversing bevel gear which is connected with a cutting table power input shaft, and the cutting table power input shaft provides power for the cutting table assembly.
Under specific conditions, the fruit box is arranged on the chassis, the bottom of the fruit box is provided with a seed discharging belt wheel, a seed discharging screw conveyer is arranged in the fruit box, the seed discharging belt wheel is fixedly connected with the seed discharging screw conveyer, after the fruit box is filled with seeds, the seed discharging screw conveyer starts to work, the seeds are conveyed to the rear of the box, and the seeds are discharged through a seed discharging channel.
Preferably, the traction suspension type corn kernel harvester further comprises a power input main belt pulley, wherein the power input main belt pulley is provided with a total power input shaft, the total power input shaft is connected with a power source through a coupler, the total power input shaft is fixedly connected with the frame through a bearing seat, and the power input main belt pulley is used for inputting power for a threshing power mechanism.
Preferably, the threshing cylinder shell body inner surface is provided with the ear guide plates which are spirally arranged along the axial direction.
Preferably, the traction suspension type corn kernel harvester also comprises a height adjusting system, wherein the height adjusting system comprises a hydraulic mechanism arranged at the upper part of the gap bridge, a hydraulic cantilever arranged on the frame and a threshing system pivot shaft arranged at the lower part of the rear end of the threshing cylinder; the hydraulic cantilever is fixedly connected with the upper part of the hydraulic mechanism, the threshing system pivot shaft is fixed with the frame, and the threshing system assembly and the header assembly can rotate around the threshing system pivot shaft by controlling the hydraulic mechanism in work so as to be suitable for corns with different heading positions.
The traction suspension type corn kernel harvester can be connected with a tractor with a large holding quantity in a hanging mode, and power can be well utilized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The invention relates to a specially designed corn kernel direct-collecting machine, which can smoothly complete corn kernel direct-collecting operation.
(2) The universal chassis is adopted, so that the trafficability is high, and smooth operation in different fields is ensured.
(3) The invention adopts a simple and convenient hitching mechanism, is convenient to connect with a power source, and can be suitable for tractors of different types in a certain range.
(4) The whole size is smaller, is suitable for the operation in the field, and is also suitable for the corn harvesting operation in hilly areas.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a header assembly according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the threshing system assembly of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the threshing system assembly of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic rear view of the threshing system assembly of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic rear cross-sectional view of the threshing system assembly of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the chassis structure of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a simple hanging structure of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the fruit box structure of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic side view of the threshing pin of the invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic front view of the threshing spike of the invention.
In the figure: 1. header assembly 2, threshing system assembly 3, chassis 4, fruit bin 5, power source 6, crop divider 7, fruit cluster collection screw 8, header power mechanism 9, bridge 10, threshing cylinder 11, seed bin 12, trash outlet 13, road wheel 14, rear hanger 15, front hanger 16, frame 17, feed inlet 18, header power input shaft 19, threshing system power input wheel 20, threshing cylinder power input wheel 21, header power input gearbox 22, threshing system pivot shaft 23, seed transport channel 24, hydraulic lifting ring 25, hydraulic mechanism 26, hydraulic boom 27, threshing system lower mount 28, seed discharge pulley 29, power input main pulley 30, bearing housing 31, seed discharge screw conveyor 32, fruit bin 33, seed discharge channel 34, total power input shaft 35, simple hanger guard 36, shock absorbing material 37, U-bolt 38, hanging beam 41, reversing 42, seed conveyor bevel gear 44, drum front fixed plate 45, seed on-conveyor scraper 46, seed on-conveyor scraper. 210. Threshing cylinder outer shell 211, ear guide plate 212, separating concave 220, threshing cylinder body 221, threshing spike teeth 222, threshing cylinder rotating shaft 223, leading-in cone 224, impurity discharging guide plate 421, grain conveyor rotating shaft 213, fixing bolt 214, rivet 215, spike tooth mounting hole 216, outer coating steel sheet 217, wear-resistant rubber material 218, embedded steel sheet.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows an overall embodiment of a traction suspension type corn kernel harvester according to the invention, mainly comprising a header assembly 1, a threshing system assembly 2, a chassis 3, and a fruit box 4. In certain embodiments, the traction hanging corn kernel harvester of the present invention may also include a power source 5.
Referring to fig. 2, the header assembly 1 includes a crop divider 6, a cluster collection screw 7, and a header power mechanism 8. The crop divider 6 is arranged in front of the ear collecting screw 7, and a stalk pulling roller (not shown in the figure) is arranged below the crop divider 6; the header power mechanism 8 comprises a header power input shaft 18 and a speed change mechanism; after the power is transmitted by the power input shaft 18 of the cutting table, the speed change mechanism firstly carries out speed change and power distribution, the stalk pulling roller and the cluster collecting screw 7 are respectively driven to rotate, the corn in front of the cutting table is separated by the grain divider 6 and guided into the stalk pulling roller, the picked clusters finally enter the rear part and are collected by the cluster collecting screw 7, and finally are fed into the threshing cylinder 10 for threshing through the feeding port 17.
Referring to fig. 3-6, the threshing system assembly 2 comprises a gap bridge 9, a threshing cylinder 10, a grain collecting bin 11, a trash discharging port 12, a grain conveying channel 23, a hydraulic mechanism 25, a threshing system pivot shaft 22 and a threshing power mechanism.
The threshing cylinder 10 includes a threshing cylinder outer case 210 and a threshing cylinder body 220 provided in the threshing cylinder outer case 210. The front end of the threshing cylinder shell 210 is connected with the header assembly 1 through a bridge 9 and receives the ears collected by the ear collecting screw 7; the rear end of the threshing cylinder shell 210 is connected with the impurity discharging port 12; the upper half of the threshing cylinder shell 210 is a sealed shell, the inner surface of the sealed shell is provided with an ear guide plate 211 which is spirally arranged along the axial direction, the lower half of the threshing cylinder shell 210 is a separating concave plate 212, the separating concave plate 212 is a grid-shaped screen, and the mesh size is set so that corn kernels can pass but ears cannot pass. The threshing cylinder body 220 is provided with a leading-in cone 223 at the front end, a trash discharging guide plate 224 at the rear end, and a plurality of threshing teeth 221 arranged in a spiral manner in the middle. The front end of the threshing cylinder rotating shaft 222 of the threshing cylinder body 220 is connected with the threshing cylinder front fixing plate 44 through a bearing, the threshing cylinder front fixing plate 44 is fixed with the threshing cylinder outer shell 210, and the threshing cylinder front fixing plate 44 is preferably in a straight shape, so that the entry of the ears is facilitated. The rear end of the threshing cylinder rotating shaft 222 is connected with the threshing cylinder power input wheel 20.
The separating concave 212 is directly communicated with the grain collecting bin 11, a grain conveyer 42 is arranged in the grain collecting bin 11, and the grain conveyer 42 can be a spiral scraper conveyer and is provided with a grain conveyer rotating shaft 421. The grain collection bin 11 communicates with the grain conveying passage 23. The seed conveying channel 23 is connected with the fruit box 5, and an on-seed conveying scraper 45 is arranged in the seed conveying channel 23, and the on-seed conveying scraper 45 is driven by an on-seed conveying scraper belt wheel 46 and is used for conveying the seeds to the fruit box 4.
The threshing system pivot shaft 22 is arranged at the lower part of the rear end of the seed collection bin 11, and the threshing system pivot shaft 22 is fixedly connected with the frame 16. The hydraulic mechanism 25 is arranged at the upper part of the gap bridge 9, the lower end of the hydraulic mechanism 25 is connected with the hydraulic hanging ring 24 arranged on the gap bridge 9, the upper end of the hydraulic mechanism is connected with the hydraulic cantilever 26 on the frame 16, and the threshing system assembly 2 and the header assembly 1 can rotate around the pivot 22 of the threshing system by controlling the hydraulic part in operation so as to be suitable for corns with different heading positions.
The threshing power mechanism comprises a threshing system power input wheel 19 arranged at the rear end of the grain conveyor 42, a threshing cylinder power input wheel 20 arranged at the rear end of a threshing cylinder body 220 and a grain upper conveying scraper belt wheel 46. The power source 5 inputs power to the threshing system power input wheel 19, and the threshing system power input wheel 19 respectively transmits power to the threshing cylinder power input wheel 20 and the grain upper conveying scraper belt wheel 46 through belts. The rear end of the seed conveyer rotating shaft 421 is directly connected with the threshing system power input wheel 19, the front end of the seed conveyer rotating shaft 421 is fixed with a reversing bevel gear 41, the reversing bevel gear 41 is arranged in the header power input gearbox 21, and the reversing bevel gear 21 is connected with the header power input shaft 18, so that power is provided for the header assembly 1.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the chassis 3 is a universal chassis, and includes a travelling wheel 13, a rear hanger 14, a frame 16, and a front hanger 15. The frame 16 is a main frame for carrying the header assembly 1, the threshing system assembly 2 and the fruit box 4. The power source 5 can be a tractor with larger holding capacity, the lower end of the front hanging frame 15 is fixed with the front part of the tractor through bolts, the upper end of the front hanging frame 15 is connected with the simple hanging frame guard plate 35 through U-shaped bolts 37 to fix the front hanging frame guard plate with the hanging cross beam 38 of the frame 16, and a damping material 36 is arranged between the simple hanging frame guard plate 35 and the hanging cross beam 38 to reduce vibration. The rear hanger 14 is hung on the rear of the tractor. The frame 16 is also provided with a hydraulic cantilever 26 for fixing the hydraulic mechanism 25 and a threshing system lower fixing bracket 27 for fixing the threshing system pivot shaft 22. The travelling wheel 13 is driven by a tractor to rotate and walk.
Referring to fig. 9, a fruit box 4 is provided on a chassis 3, a power input main pulley 29 is provided on a side of a fruit box body 32 adjacent to a power source 5, a seed discharging pulley 28 is provided at a bottom of the fruit box body 32, and a seed discharging screw conveyer 31 is provided inside. The total power input shaft 34 of the power input main pulley 29 is connected with the power source 5 through a coupling, and the total power input shaft 34 is fixedly connected with the frame 16 through a bearing block 30. The seed grain discharging pulley 28 is fixedly connected to a seed grain discharging screw conveyor 31, and is connected to a power input main pulley 29 via a V belt.
In addition, the power input main belt wheel 29 can be directly connected with the threshing system power input wheel 19 through a belt, so as to provide power for the threshing system assembly 2 and the header assembly 1.
Referring to fig. 10-11, threshing teeth 221 on threshing cylinder 10 of the present invention are a multi-layer composite teeth, which are sequentially formed by outer steel sheet 216, wear-resistant rubber material 217, inner steel sheet 218, wear-resistant rubber material 217, outer steel sheet 216 from outside to inside, and are fixedly connected into a whole by rivets 214. The multi-layer composite type spike teeth are provided with spike teeth mounting holes 215, and can be detachably connected with the spike teeth mounting seats of the threshing cylinder 10 through bolts 213, so that different spike teeth are used for different crops, and meanwhile, the spike teeth can be replaced conveniently and rapidly after being worn. In the preferred embodiment, the overall dimensions of the spike teeth are 100×45 (length×width), the thickness is different for each portion, and the thickness of each layer is 2.5×8×5×8×2.5 in mm from outside to inside. The multilayer composite spike teeth can ensure strength and toughness, wear resistance and reduce the striking force to corn in the separation process, ensure smooth corn threshing and effectively reduce the breakage rate of grains.
The operation of the traction suspension type corn kernel harvester of the present invention is specifically described below.
After the power source 5 is started, the corn in front of the header is separated by the crop divider 6 and is guided to enter the stalk pulling roller, the picked ears finally enter the rear part and are collected by the ear collecting screw 7, and finally are fed into the threshing cylinder 10 for threshing through the feeding port 17. The threshing cylinder 10 realizes the separation of seeds and corn cobs, the seeds fall into the seed collection bin 11 through a screen, the seeds are sent into the fruit box 4 through the seed conveying channel 23 under the action of the seed conveyor 42, and sundries such as bracts, corn cobs and the like continue to move in the threshing cylinder 10 and are discharged through the impurity discharging port 12. After the fruit box 32 is filled with the seeds, the seed discharging screw conveyor 31 starts to operate, and the seeds are conveyed to the rear of the box and discharged through the seed discharging passage 33.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the foregoing description of the invention is provided for a better understanding of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims.

Claims (3)

1. A traction suspension type corn kernel harvester comprises a header assembly, a threshing system assembly, a chassis and a fruit box; the method is characterized in that:
the header assembly comprises a divider, a cluster collecting screw and a header power mechanism; the crop divider is arranged in front of the cluster collecting screw, and the header power mechanism comprises a header power input shaft for providing power for the cluster collecting screw;
the threshing system assembly comprises a gap bridge, a threshing cylinder, a grain collecting bin, a impurity discharging port, a grain conveying channel and a threshing power mechanism, wherein the threshing cylinder comprises a threshing cylinder outer shell and a threshing cylinder body arranged in the threshing cylinder outer shell, and the front end of the threshing cylinder outer shell is connected with the header assembly through the gap bridge to receive the fruit cluster collected by the fruit cluster collecting spiral; the rear end of the threshing cylinder shell is connected with a trash outlet, the lower part of the threshing cylinder shell is connected with a seed collection bin through a separation concave plate, a seed conveyor is arranged in the seed collection bin, and the seed collection bin is connected with a seed conveying channel; the inner surface of the threshing cylinder shell is provided with ear guide plates which are spirally arranged along the axial direction; the front end of the threshing cylinder body is provided with a leading-in cone, the rear end is provided with a trash discharging guide plate, and the middle part is provided with a plurality of threshing nail teeth which are spirally arranged; the threshing nail teeth adopt a multi-layer composite nail teeth, which are sequentially composed of an outer-covered steel sheet, a wear-resistant rubber material, an inner-embedded steel sheet, a wear-resistant rubber material and an outer-covered steel sheet from outside to inside, and are fixedly connected into a whole through rivets; the multi-layer composite spike teeth are provided with spike tooth mounting holes and are detachably connected with spike tooth mounting seats on the threshing cylinder body through bolts;
the fruit box is connected with the threshing system assembly through a seed conveying channel; the fruit box is arranged on the chassis, a seed discharging belt wheel is arranged at the bottom of the fruit box, a seed discharging screw conveyer is arranged in the fruit box, the seed discharging belt wheel is fixedly connected with the seed discharging screw conveyer, and after the fruit box is filled with seeds, the seed discharging screw conveyer starts to work, the seeds are conveyed to the rear of the box, and the seeds are discharged through a seed discharging channel;
the chassis comprises travelling wheels, a rear hanging frame, a rack and a front hanging frame; the traction suspension type corn kernel harvester is respectively connected with a power source in a hanging manner through a rear hanging frame and a front hanging frame;
the threshing machine also comprises a height adjusting system, wherein the height adjusting system comprises a hydraulic mechanism arranged at the upper part of the gap bridge, a hydraulic cantilever arranged on the frame and a threshing system pivot shaft arranged at the lower part of the rear end of the threshing cylinder; the hydraulic cantilever is fixedly connected with the upper part of the hydraulic mechanism, the threshing system pivot shaft is fixed with the frame, and the threshing system assembly and the header assembly are rotated around the threshing system pivot shaft by controlling the hydraulic mechanism in operation so as to be suitable for corns with different heading positions.
2. The traction suspended corn kernel harvester of claim 1, wherein the threshing power mechanism comprises a threshing system power input wheel arranged at the rear end of the kernel conveyor and a threshing cylinder power input wheel arranged at the rear end of the threshing cylinder body; the front end of the grain conveyor is fixedly provided with a reversing bevel gear which is connected with a cutting table power input shaft, and the cutting table power input shaft provides power for the cutting table assembly.
3. The traction hanging corn kernel harvester of claim 1, further comprising a power input main pulley having a total power input shaft, the total power input shaft being coupled to the power source by a coupling, the total power input shaft being fixedly coupled to the frame by a bearing housing, the power input main pulley inputting power to the threshing power mechanism.
CN201810262494.9A 2018-03-28 2018-03-28 Traction device suspension type corn kernel harvester Active CN108271515B (en)

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CN108271515B true CN108271515B (en) 2024-02-02

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN109220173B (en) * 2018-11-29 2024-04-30 中国农业大学 Self-quality-adjusting type gap bridge of corn kernel harvester
CN114600634A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-06-10 贵州省山地农业机械研究所 Harvesting and threshing integrated corn harvester
CN114904763A (en) * 2022-05-16 2022-08-16 酒泉奥凯种子机械股份有限公司 Separator for corn seed, husk and impurity
CN115349348B (en) * 2022-09-28 2023-09-29 石家庄天人农业机械装备有限公司 Corn combine harvester integrated device
CN117063699B (en) * 2023-09-12 2024-05-28 吉林大学 Corn kernel harvester with three rows of corn cob recovery function

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JP2003299405A (en) * 2002-04-09 2003-10-21 Keiji Miyamoto Beans-harvesting apparatus and beans harvester equipped with the same apparatus
BRPI0504483A (en) * 2005-09-29 2007-06-12 Justino De Morais & Irmaos S A grain harvesting implement
CN201091117Y (en) * 2007-09-15 2008-07-30 王维寿 Mini pull-type single line maize harvesting machine
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