CN108267739A - A kind of Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer and its calibrating method, Atmospheric Survey method - Google Patents
A kind of Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer and its calibrating method, Atmospheric Survey method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108267739A CN108267739A CN201611253140.5A CN201611253140A CN108267739A CN 108267739 A CN108267739 A CN 108267739A CN 201611253140 A CN201611253140 A CN 201611253140A CN 108267739 A CN108267739 A CN 108267739A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/95—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
- G01S13/951—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use ground based
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer and its calibrating method, Atmospheric Survey method, the Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer, including：Plane mirror, motor, scan control circuit, lens, feed, splitter, receiver unit, calibration body and data capture management unit；The radiometer uses horizontal scanning mirror, the plane wave that plane mirror reflects is focused using lens, so that relative position is fixed between plane mirror and feed, after changing when avoiding using paraboloidal-reflector antenna rotation relative position between feed, standing wave ratio of weather feedback system changes caused output pulsation phenomenon, and avoids the shortcomings that paraboloidal-reflector antenna difficulty of processing is big and of high cost.In addition, the radiometer of the present invention uses the calibrating method that absolute calibration and real-time calibration are combined, the accuracy of calibration can be not only improved, applicability of the system to environment can also be improved.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer and its calibrating method, big the present invention relates to microwave remote sensing technique field
Gas detection method.
Background technology
Atmospheric temperature and moisture profile are important meteorologic parameter, these meteorologic parameter logarithm weather of real-time detection are pre-
Report, rain making and flight safety etc. are all of great significance.Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer leads to as a kind of Atmospheric Survey equipment
The microwave radiation energy of passive reception observation scene is crossed to detect target property, it being capable of round-the-clock acquisition SEQUENCING VERTICAL temperature
And moisture profile, there is the advantages of low maintenance cost, reliable and autonomous working compared with other Atmospheric Survey means.
At present, Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer both domestic and external mainly uses the form of paraboloidal-reflector antenna, parabolic reflector day
Not only difficulty of processing is big, of high cost for line, but also antenna is not fixed its system with feed relative position during the work time, so as to meeting
The matching of paraboloid and feed is caused to change, eventually leading to standing wave ratio of weather feedback system and changing makes output generate wave
It is dynamic.Meanwhile traditional Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer realizes frequency using polarization aperture plate or frequency-selective surfaces etc. quasi-optical techniques mostly
Rate detaches, and there are the complicated, unfavorable factors such as integrated level is low, installation difficulty is big for the design of such system.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to solve existing Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer using caused by rotary parabolic surface antenna
Difficulty of processing is big and output signal generates the technical issues of fluctuating and using caused by quasi-optical technique realization frequency separation
The technical issues of system structure is complicated provides a kind of high-performance, high integration, low-power consumption, the ground microwave radiation minimized
Meter and the calibrating method based on the radiometer and Atmospheric Survey method.
To achieve these goals, a kind of Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer provided by the invention, including：Plane mirror, motor, scanning
Control circuit, lens, feed, splitter, receiver unit, calibration body and data capture management unit；The motor is being swept
It retouches and plane mirror rotation is driven under the control of control circuit, the plane mirror is by scanning air or calibration body, by what is received
Electromagnetic wave signal reflexes to lens in the form of plane wave, and plane wave is focused to the feed opposite with its position by the lens
Interior, the splitter is used to detach the frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal of feed reception, the input terminal of the receiver unit with
The output terminal connection of splitter, for receiving the electromagnetic wave signal to match with its frequency, the data capture management unit
It connect with receiver unit, scan control circuit, host computer, for being communicated with host computer, and receiver unit is exported
Data carry out quantization acquisition and control scan control circuit operation.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, there are two types of different frequencies for Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer setting
Receiver unit, respectively K-band receiver and V-band receiver；The K-band receiver is used to receive 20GHz-
The electromagnetic wave of 30GHz frequencies, for the vertical distribution of atmospheric sounding moisture profile；The V-band receiver is used to receive
The electromagnetic wave of 50GHz-60GHz frequencies, for the vertical distribution of atmospheric sounding temperature profile, the receiver of two kinds of wave bands uses
Radio frequency direct detection system.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the K-band receiver and V-band receiver include：It makes an uproar
Sound source, directional coupler, radio frequency low-noise amplifier and power splitter.The noise source is by directional coupler to each of receiver
A certain amount of noise of injection in a receiving channel provides reference-input signal for calibration of radiometer, and the directional coupler will
It is merged in the input channel of a certain amount of noise signal coupling injection receiver with the signal of splitter output.Described penetrates
After the signal that frequency low noise amplifier exports directional coupler is amplified processing, the input of multichannel power signal is divided by power splitter
To each receiving channel, bandpass filter, wave detector, integrator and low-frequency amplifier are equipped in each receiving channel.It is described
The power signal that exports to power splitter of bandpass filter carry out frequency-selecting after, power signal is changed into DC voltage by wave detector
Signal, the integrator are smoothed the d. c. voltage signal, finally by low-frequency amplifier by voltage signal into
It goes after amplifying to export final signal.
Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer based on above structure, the present invention also provide a kind of determining for Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer simultaneously
Mark method, including：
Step 101) carries out absolute calibration to Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer：Plane mirror is directed at external liquid nitrogen calibration body, and divide
Noise source Guan Bi and not be opened, records the voltage value U that corresponding receiver unit is exported1And U2, obtain two groups of scaled reference points
Tc~U1And Tc+TINJ~U2, wherein TcFor the equivalent noise temperature of external liquid nitrogen calibration body, TINJEquivalent injection for receiver is made an uproar
Sound temperature；And plane mirror being directed to the room temperature black matrix at a temperature of environment, and close and open noise source respectively, record correspondence connects
The voltage value U that receipts machine unit is exported3And U4, other two groups of scaled references point T can be obtainedh~U3And Th+TINJ~U4,
Middle ThEquivalent noise temperature for room temperature black matrix；Four groups of scaled reference points are substituted into formula：
U=G (TREC+TINJ+TA)α(0 ＜ α ＜ 1)
Calculate the equivalent noise temperature T for obtaining receiverREC, receiver equivalent injection noise temperature TINJ, radiometer system
The gain coefficient G of system and nonlinear factor α, so that it is determined that the absolute calibration equation of Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer.
Step 102) carries out real-time calibration to Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer：Plane mirror is directed at the calibration body built in radiometer,
And noise source is closed and opened respectively, record the voltage value U that corresponding receiver unit is exported1And U2, obtain two groups of calibration ginsengs
Examination point Ta~U1And Ta+TINJ~U2, wherein TaFor the equivalent noise temperature of calibration body built in radiometer system, TINJFor receiver
Equivalent injection noise temperature；The radiometer system that two groups of scaled reference points and step 101) are calculated it is non-linear because
The equivalent injection noise temperature T of sub- α and receiverINJSubstitute into formula：
U=G (TREC+TINJ+TA)α(0 ＜ α ＜ 1)
Calculate the equivalent noise temperature T for obtaining receiverRECWith the gain coefficient G of radiometer system, so as in absolute calibration
On the basis of to calibration equation carry out parameters revision.
The present invention also provides a kind of Atmospheric Survey method of Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer simultaneously, including：
Calibrating method of the step 201) based on above-mentioned Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer carries out scale operation to Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer；
Step 202) sends control command by data capture management unit to scan control circuit, utilizes scan control electricity
Road control motor driving plane mirror rotation, to scan zenith observing region；
Step 203) is received by plane mirror on the electromagnetic wave signal back reflection to lens in air, using lens by plane
The plane wave of mirror output is received after being focused by feed；
Step 204) arranges the electromagnetic wave signal received by feed, makes its polarization direction consistent, and carry out
It is exported after impedance transformation to splitter；
The frequency of electromagnetic wave signal that step 205) is received by splitter separation utilizes the reception of each receiver unit and its
The electromagnetic wave signal that frequency matches, and pass through the voltage data that data capture management unit acquires each receiver unit output,
Host computer is transferred to after data packing is handled.
A kind of Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer and its calibrating method, Atmospheric Survey method advantage of the present invention is：
1st, using horizontal scanning mirror, the plane wave that plane mirror reflects is focused using lens, so that plane mirror
Relative position is fixed between feed, avoids the relative position variation between feed when being rotated using paraboloidal-reflector antenna
Afterwards, standing wave ratio of weather feedback system changes caused output pulsation phenomenon, and avoids paraboloidal-reflector antenna difficult processing
Spend the shortcomings that big and of high cost.
2nd, the wave frequency received using splitter separation feed so that system structure is simple, and integrated level is high, avoids
Using polarization the quasi-optical techniques such as aperture plate or frequency-selective surfaces realize frequency separation caused by more feeds, system structure it is multiple
Miscellaneous, installation accuracy requires high unfavorable conditions.
3rd, receiver uses direct detection system, since radio frequency direct detection system receiver does not need to local oscillator, so as to drop
Low system noise temperature, and the variation of control local frequency is not needed to, system control logic is simple, has small power consumption, body
The advantages of product is small.
4th, calibration blackbody built in system and noise source, therefore real-time calibration can be carried out.The real-time calibration does not need to
External calibration blackbody, it is easy to operate compared with absolute calibration and do not influenced by time and environment.In addition, the radiometer of the present invention
The calibrating method being combined using absolute calibration and real-time calibration can not only improve the accuracy of calibration, can also improve and be
The applicability united to environment.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structure diagram of Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of the 20GHz-30GHz receivers in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples to a kind of Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer of the present invention and its calibrating method, air
Detection method is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer provided by the invention, including：Plane mirror, motor, scan control electricity
Road, lens, feed, splitter, receiver unit, built-in calibration body and data capture management unit.The motor is scanning
Plane mirror rotation is driven under the control of control circuit so that plane mirror can carry out Atmospheric Survey scanning.The plane mirror leads to
Air or calibration body are over-scanned, the electromagnetic wave signal received is reflexed into lens in the form of plane wave, the lens will be flat
Surface wave is focused in feed corresponding with its position, and the splitter is used to detach the frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal of feed reception
Rate, the input terminal of the receiver unit and the output terminal of splitter connect, for receiving the electromagnetism to match with its frequency
Wave signal.The data capture management unit is connect with receiver unit, scan control circuit, host computer, for it is upper
Machine is communicated, and on the one hand can carry out the quantization acquisition of receiver output data, host computer progress is transferred to after data are packaged
Processing；On the other hand the instruction of host computer injection can be parsed, normal work sequential is provided for the Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer, is sent
Control instruction is to scan control circuit.In background radiation meter systems, lens can remain fixed position so as to keep best with feed
Standing-wave ratio, received after the plane wave that plane mirror reflection comes is focused by feed.
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, the receiver unit of two kinds of different frequencies can be selected, respectively K-band receives
Machine and V-band receiver.K-band receiver is used to receive the electromagnetic wave of 20GHz-30GHz frequencies, and V-band receiver is used to connect
Receive the electromagnetic wave of 50GHz-60GHz frequencies.Under the control of scan control circuit, motor drives plane mirror to carry out Atmospheric Survey and sweeps
It retouches and calibrates.Wherein, 20GHz-30GHz frequency receivers are used for the vertical distribution of atmospheric sounding moisture profile；50GHz-60GHz
Frequency receiver is used for the vertical distribution of atmospheric sounding temperature profile.Receiver unit uses radio frequency direct detection system, by
Local oscillator is not needed in radio frequency direct detection system receiver, so as to reduce system noise temperature, with superhet system receiver
Compared to having the advantages that small power consumption, small.
As shown in Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the K-band receiver and V-band receiver include：Noise source, it is fixed
To coupler, radio frequency low-noise amplifier and power splitter.The noise source passes through each reception of the directional coupler to receiver
A certain amount of noise of injection, provides reference-input signal, the directional coupler will be a certain amount of for calibration of radiometer in channel
Noise signal coupling injection receiver input channel in splitter export signal merge, the radiofrequency low-noise
After the signal that amplifier exports directional coupler is amplified processing, seven road power signals are divided by power splitter and are input to correspondence
Seven receiving channels in, receiving channel number can be increased or be reduced as needed.Band is equipped in each receiving channel
Bandpass filter, wave detector, integrator and low-frequency amplifier.The bandpass filter carries out the power signal that power splitter exports
After frequency-selecting, power signal is changed into d. c. voltage signal by wave detector, the d. c. voltage signal is carried out using integrator
Voltage signal is finally amplified by smoothing processing by low-frequency amplifier, and the letter of Digital Signal Processing requirement is reached with output
Number.
As shown in table 1, the frequency parameter for each receiver channel in the Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer of the present invention：
Table 1
For the Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer of above structure, the present invention also provides a kind of calibrating methods：
In the present embodiment, due to the non-linear power for depending primarily on detector diode in receiver of radiometer system
What is responded is non-linear, and the nonlinear characteristic will not change in a longer period of time, and nonlinear factor can pass through absolute calibration
Method determines；And the gain coefficient of the equivalent noise temperature of receiver and radiometer system then can with the variation of environment temperature and
Variation, utilisation system internal noise source and built-in calibration body provide stable reference signal, so as to receiver noise temperature
Floating with gain carries out periodic calibration, obtains measurement of the real-time calibration equation for the bright temperature of target.In this way by absolute
The calibration mode being combined with real-time calibration is calibrated, on the one hand can reduce external environment influences caused by system, the opposing party
Face can make calibration precision more accurate.
Relationship of the formula 1 between the output voltage and input power of Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer.Wherein, U is receiver
Output voltage, gain coefficients of the G for radiometer system, TRECFor the equivalent noise temperature of receiver, TINJFor the equivalent note of receiver
Enter noise temperature, TATo be input to the noise temperature of receiver from feed, α is the nonlinear factor of radiometer system.Following public affairs
In formula, receiver equivalent noise temperature TREC, the equivalent injection noise temperature T of receiverINJ, radiometer system gain coefficient G and non-
Linear factor α is that calibration needs four unknown quantitys obtained.
U=G (TREC+TINJ+TA)α(0 ＜ α ＜ 1) formula (1)
The calibrating method of the Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer specifically includes：
Step 101) carries out absolute calibration to Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer：It, will be flat when radiometer system carries out absolute calibration
Face mirror is directed at external liquid nitrogen calibration body, and closes and open noise source respectively, records the voltage that corresponding receiver unit is exported
Numerical value U1And U2, two groups of scaled reference point T can be obtainedc~U1And Tc+TINJ~U2, wherein TcFor external liquid nitrogen calibration body etc.
Imitate noise temperature, TINJEquivalent injection noise temperature for receiver；It is and the room temperature at a temperature of plane mirror alignment environment is black
Body, and noise source is closed and opened respectively, record the voltage value U that corresponding receiver unit is exported3And U4, can obtain another
Outer two groups of scaled references point Th~U3And Th+TINJ~U4, wherein ThEquivalent noise temperature for room temperature black matrix；Four groups of calibrations are joined
Examination point substitutes into formula (1), solves equation to obtain four unknown quantitys in formula (1), you can obtain the absolute of Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer
Calibration equation.The nonlinear factor α of radiometer system and the equivalent injection noise temperature of receiver can determine by absolute calibration
TINJ.Absolute calibration about needs to carry out for 4-5 months primary.
Step 102) carries out real-time calibration to Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer：It, can be with when radiometer system carries out real-time calibration
Think the nonlinear factor α of radiometer system and the equivalent injection noise T of noise sourceINJIt will not change in a long time.
The detailed process of real-time calibration is the calibration body built in by plane mirror alignment radiometer system, and closes and open noise respectively
Source records the voltage value U that corresponding receiver unit is exported1And U2, two groups of scaled reference point T can be obtaineda~U1And Ta+
TINJ~U2, wherein TaFor the equivalent noise temperature of calibration body built in radiometer system, TINJEquivalent injection noise temperature for receiver
Degree.Because α and T at this timeINJIt is determined by absolute calibration, so by Ta~U1And Ta+TINJ~U2Two groups of scaled reference points,
And step 101) the nonlinear factor α of radiometer system that is calculated and the equivalent injection noise temperature T of receiverINJGeneration
Enter in formula (1), solve equation to obtain the equivalent noise temperature T of receiverRECWith the gain coefficient G of radiometer system, you can obtain
The real-time calibration equation of Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer.Real-time calibration method can carry out week to the floating of receiver noise temperature and gain
Phase property is calibrated, and improves the accuracy of calibration.Real-time calibration can be carried out primary with 1-2 days.
The method for carrying out atmospheric temperature and moisture profile detection using the Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer of above structure is specific to wrap
It includes：
Calibrating method of the step 201) based on above-mentioned Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer carries out scale operation to Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer；
Step 202) sends control command by data capture management unit to scan control circuit, utilizes scan control electricity
Road control motor driving plane mirror rotation, to scan zenith observing region；When horizontal scanning mirror is to zenith observing region, plane
The reflecting surface alignment air of mirror；
Step 203) is received by plane mirror on the electromagnetic wave signal back reflection to lens of air, using lens by plane mirror
The plane wave of output is received after being focused by feed；
Step 204) arranges the electromagnetic wave signal received by feed, makes its polarization direction consistent, and carry out
It is exported after impedance transformation to splitter；
The frequency of electromagnetic wave signal that step 205) is received by splitter separation from feed, the electromagnetic wave detached through splitter
It is received respectively by K-band receiver and V-band receiver and exports specific voltage data, and passed through data capture management unit and incite somebody to action
Specific data are sent to host computer after carrying out packing processing, and host computer turns voltage data according to the calibration equation obtained before this
Specific bright temperature data is turned to for using.
It should be noted last that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and it is unrestricted.Although ginseng
The present invention is described in detail according to embodiment, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that, to the technical side of the present invention
Case is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered in the present invention
Right in.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer, including：Feed, calibration body and motor；It is characterized in that, it further includes：Plane mirror, scanning
Control circuit, lens, splitter, receiver unit and data capture management unit；The motor is in scan control circuit
The lower driving plane mirror rotation of control, the plane mirror by scanning air or calibration body, by the electromagnetic wave signal received with
Plane wave form reflexes to lens, and the lens focus to plane wave in the feed opposite with its position, the division of labor
Device is used to detach the frequency of the electromagnetic wave signal of feed reception, and the input terminal of the receiver unit and the output terminal of splitter connect
It connects, for receiving the electromagnetic wave signal to match with its frequency, the data capture management unit and receiver unit, scanning
Control circuit, host computer connection for being communicated with host computer, and carry out quantization acquisition to the data of receiver unit output
With the operation of control scan control circuit.
2. Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer is provided with
Two receiver units, respectively K-band receiver and V-band receiver；The K-band receiver receives 20GHz-
The electromagnetic wave of 30GHz frequencies, for the vertical distribution of atmospheric sounding moisture profile；The V-band receiver receives 50GHz-
The electromagnetic wave of 60GHz frequencies, for the vertical distribution of atmospheric sounding temperature profile；The K-band receiver and V-band receive
Machine uses radio frequency direct detection system.
3. Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the K-band receiver and V-band connect
Receipts machine includes：Noise source, directional coupler, radio frequency low-noise amplifier and power splitter；The noise source passes through directional couple
Device injects noise into each receiving channel of receiver, and reference-input signal is provided for calibration of radiometer；The directional couple
The signal that noise signal is coupled in the input channel of injection receiver with splitter output by device merges；The radio frequency is low
After the signal that amplifier exports directional coupler of making an uproar is amplified, the power signal that multichannel is divided by power splitter is input to and respectively connects
It receives in channel；Bandpass filter, wave detector, integrator and low-frequency amplifier are equipped in each receiving channel；The band logical
After wave filter carries out frequency-selecting to the power signal that power splitter exports, power signal is changed into d. c. voltage signal by wave detector,
The integrator is smoothed d. c. voltage signal, and signal output is carried out after low-frequency amplifier amplifies.
4. the calibrating method based on the Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer described in one of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that including：
Step 101) carries out absolute calibration to Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer：Plane mirror is directed at external liquid nitrogen calibration body, and close respectively
Noise source is closed and opened, records the voltage value U that corresponding receiver unit is exported1And U2, obtain two groups of scaled reference point Tc~
U1And Tc+TINJ~U2, wherein TcFor the equivalent noise temperature of external liquid nitrogen calibration body, TINJEquivalent injection noise for receiver
Temperature；And plane mirror is directed to the room temperature black matrix at a temperature of environment, and close and open noise source respectively, record corresponding receive
The voltage value U that machine unit is exported3And U4, obtain other two groups of scaled references point Th~U3And Th+TINJ~U4, wherein ThFor
The equivalent noise temperature of room temperature black matrix；Four groups of scaled reference points are substituted into formula：
U=G (TREC+TINJ+TA)α(0 ＜ α ＜ 1)
Calculate the equivalent noise temperature T for obtaining receiverREC, receiver equivalent injection noise temperature TINJ, radiometer system
Gain coefficient G and nonlinear factor α, so that it is determined that the absolute calibration equation of Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer；
Step 102) carries out real-time calibration to Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer：Plane mirror is directed at the calibration body built in radiometer, and divide
Noise source Guan Bi and not be opened, records the voltage value U that corresponding receiver unit is exported1And U2, obtain two groups of scaled reference points
Ta~U1And Ta+TINJ~U2, wherein TaFor the equivalent noise temperature of calibration body built in radiometer system, TINJFor the equivalent of receiver
Inject noise temperature；The nonlinear factor α for the radiometer system that two groups of scaled reference points and step 101) are calculated and
The equivalent injection noise temperature T of receiverINJSubstitute into formula：
U=G (TREC+TINJ+TA)α(0 ＜ α ＜ 1)
Calculate the equivalent noise temperature T for obtaining receiverRECWith the gain coefficient G of radiometer system, so as to absolute calibration basis
On to calibration equation carry out parameters revision.
5. a kind of Atmospheric Survey method of Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer, which is characterized in that including：
Calibrating method of the step 201) based on the Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer described in claim 4 determines Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer
Mark operation；
Step 202) sends control command by data capture management unit to scan control circuit, utilizes scan control circuit control
Motor driving plane mirror rotation processed, to scan zenith observing region；
Step 203) is received by plane mirror on the electromagnetic wave signal back reflection to lens in air, using lens that plane mirror is defeated
The plane wave gone out is received after being focused by feed；
Step 204) arranges the electromagnetic wave signal received by feed, makes its polarization direction consistent, and carry out impedance
It is exported after transformation to splitter；
The frequency of electromagnetic wave signal that step 205) is received by splitter separation, is received and its frequency using each receiver unit
The electromagnetic wave signal to match, and pass through the voltage data that data capture management unit acquires each receiver unit output, by number
Host computer is transferred to after being handled according to packing.
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| CN110231669A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-09-13 | 杭州浅海科技有限责任公司 | A kind of the ground radiometer and its calibrating method of real-time calibration |
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| CN110887568B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-04-02 | 上海航天测控通信研究所 | Moon observation system |
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| CN112415520A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-02-26 | 上海航天测控通信研究所 | Foundation microwave radiometer system based on variable-temperature source antenna aperture surface calibration and calibration method thereof |
| CN113092869A (en) * | 2021-04-06 | 2021-07-09 | 北京航空航天大学 | Antenna port standing-wave ratio measuring method of antenna/radio frequency integrated radiometer |
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| CN117424657B (en) * | 2023-12-18 | 2024-02-23 | 四川恒湾科技有限公司 | Method for detecting channel connectivity of independent receiver of base station radio frequency system |
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