CN108258422B - Antenna array based on passive decoupling technology - Google Patents
Antenna array based on passive decoupling technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN108258422B CN108258422B CN201810240030.8A CN201810240030A CN108258422B CN 108258422 B CN108258422 B CN 108258422B CN 201810240030 A CN201810240030 A CN 201810240030A CN 108258422 B CN108258422 B CN 108258422B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
- H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
- H01Q15/10—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism comprising three-dimensional array of impedance discontinuities, e.g. holes in conductive surfaces or conductive discs forming artificial dielectric
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an antenna array based on passive decoupling technology, comprising: the device comprises a reflecting plate, a first array, a second array and a plurality of decoupling metal strips, wherein the first array and the second array are arranged on the reflecting plate in parallel and symmetrically, the first array comprises a plurality of first radiating units arranged in parallel, the second array comprises a plurality of second radiating units arranged in parallel, and the number of the first radiating units is consistent with that of the second radiating units; the decoupling metal strip is positioned at the center line of the reflecting plate, and part or all of the first radiating units and part or all of the second radiating units are connected through the decoupling metal strip. Through the structural decoupling, the mutual coupling influence of adjacent antennas is reduced to the minimum, so that the array element arrangement of the antennas is more compact, and the miniaturization of the multiple-row side-by-side antennas of mobile communication is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an antenna array based on a passive decoupling technology.
Background
According to shannon's theorem, the channel capacity of wireless communications is proportional to the bandwidth and signal-to-noise ratio. Interference caused by overlapping mobile communication cell sectors has become a major source of noise for wireless communications. To further increase the transmission rate, improving the uniformity of the antenna pattern of the communication base station is the simplest method chosen by the operator. From the expression, the multi-frequency base station antenna pattern inconsistency is mainly represented by the following situations: the horizontal half power angle of the high frequency band is inconsistent with that of the low frequency band; the horizontal half power angles among different frequencies in the same frequency band are inconsistent; the horizontal half power angles of different polarization directions in the same frequency band are inconsistent. The reasons for the above problems are numerous, such as: coupling among array elements, scattering caused by boundaries, resonance, polarization difference of array element patterns, unreasonable design of excitation weight, polarization direction change caused by scattering and the like.
At present, most base station antennas are divided into a plurality of mutually independent systems according to frequency bands, polarization directions and independent electric modulation, each system is often composed of a list of array elements with the same frequency, only one array element is arranged in the horizontal direction, and the corresponding half power angle can only be controlled through a boundary. The reality determines that optimization of the half power angle in the horizontal direction becomes a difficult problem for base station antenna design. Because the high-frequency array element and the low-frequency array element are widely adopted for mixed arrangement, a nested array scheme is required to consider the influence of the low-frequency array element on the high-frequency half-power angle when the low-frequency half-power angle is optimized; on the contrary, the influence on the low-frequency half-power angle is also considered when the high-frequency half-power angle is optimized. Moreover, miniaturization of the base station antenna requires that the column spacing is continuously reduced, so that coupling between systems is more serious, electromagnetic coupling between two adjacent arrays, particularly electromagnetic coupling between low-frequency array elements, causes serious deformation of radiation beams, horizontal wave width widening and gain reduction. The method is limited by the internal space of the antenna and the mixed array mode of high-frequency array elements and low-frequency array elements, and conventional isolation means such as isolation strips and parasitic units cannot be implemented, so that parasitic effects which are difficult to overcome are brought even if forced implementation is carried out.
The traditional solution is to basically convert the difficult and heavy boundary optimization problem into the relatively easy binary array shaping problem by adopting the beam synthesis technology, and not only solves the problem of pattern consistency which cannot be solved by the traditional method, but also greatly reduces the design difficulty by combining with the traditional methods such as boundary optimization and the like. However, the scheme must introduce redundancy units of the horizontal direction array, which tends to increase the antenna length or design additional PCB passive devices such as bridges, diplexers and the like, and increase the difficulty of shaping design and manufacturing cost of the antenna; for wider band antennas, the array may cause the bandwidth of the high frequency part in the frequency band to be too narrow, thereby failing.
Accordingly, the inventors of the present invention have demanded to devise a new technique for improving the problems thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an antenna array based on a passive decoupling technology, which reduces the mutual coupling influence of adjacent antennas to the minimum through the structural decoupling, so that the array element arrangement of the antenna is more compact, and the miniaturization of multiple rows of side-by-side antennas of mobile communication is realized.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an antenna array based on passive decoupling techniques, comprising: the device comprises a reflecting plate, a first array, a second array and a plurality of decoupling metal strips, wherein the first array and the second array are arranged on the reflecting plate in parallel and symmetrically, the first array comprises a plurality of first radiating units arranged in parallel, the second array comprises a plurality of second radiating units arranged in parallel, and the number of the first radiating units is consistent with that of the second radiating units; the decoupling metal strip is positioned at the center line of the reflecting plate, and part or all of the first radiating units and part or all of the second radiating units are connected through the decoupling metal strip.
Preferably, each of the decoupling metal bars includes a first longitudinal branch, a second longitudinal branch, a third longitudinal branch, a fourth longitudinal branch, a first transverse branch, a second transverse branch, a first connecting branch, and a second connecting branch, wherein the first longitudinal branch, the second longitudinal branch, the third longitudinal branch, and the fourth longitudinal branch are longitudinally arranged; the first transverse branch, the second transverse branch, the first connecting branch and the second connecting branch are transversely arranged; the first longitudinal branch and the third longitudinal branch are connected into a whole through the first transverse branch, and the second longitudinal branch and the fourth longitudinal branch are connected into a whole through the second transverse branch; the third longitudinal branch and the fourth longitudinal branch are connected through the first connecting branch and the second connecting branch.
Preferably, the decoupling metal strip is a passive decoupling metal strip, a first lateral branch of which is connected with the first radiating element, and a second lateral branch of which is connected with the second radiating element.
Preferably, the number of the first radiating elements and the second radiating elements is seven, the number of the decoupling metal strips is three, and the second, fourth and sixth first radiating elements in the first array are connected with the second, fourth and sixth second radiating elements in the second array through the decoupling metal strips.
Preferably, the column spacing of the first and second arrays is between 220mm and 300 mm.
Preferably, the column spacing of the first and second arrays is 250mm.
Preferably, the distance between the first longitudinal branch and the second longitudinal branch is 96mm.
Preferably, the overall length of the first longitudinal branch and the third longitudinal branch is 328mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
the antenna array based on the passive decoupling technology is simple and easy to realize, the number of array elements and an additional feed network are not increased under the condition that the physical size of the antenna is kept unchanged, the narrowing of the beam width with frequency selectivity can be realized, the physical size of the antenna can be effectively reduced by using the technology, the miniaturization design of the antenna is facilitated, and the convergence of the beam width is effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array based on a passive decoupling technique according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a decoupling metal strip according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a first radiating element or a second radiating element according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a horizontal plane pattern and cross polarization pattern of the same structure antenna without using the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a horizontal plane pattern and cross-polarization pattern in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a graph of horizontal bandwidth contrast for an antenna of the same structure before and after use of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. the first array, 11, first radiating element, 2, second array, 21, second radiating element, 3, reflector, 4, decoupling metal strips, 41, first longitudinal branch, 42, second longitudinal branch, 43, third longitudinal branch, 44, fourth longitudinal branch, 45, first transverse branch, 46, second transverse branch, 47, first connecting branch, 48, second connecting branch.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an antenna array based on passive decoupling technology according to the present invention includes: the device comprises a reflecting plate 3, a first array 1, a second array 2 and a plurality of decoupling metal strips 4, wherein the first array 1 and the second array 2 are arranged on the reflecting plate 3 in a side-by-side symmetrical mode, the first array 1 comprises a plurality of first radiating units 11 arranged in parallel, the second array 2 comprises a plurality of second radiating units 21 arranged in parallel, and the first radiating units 11 and the second radiating units 21 are consistent in number; the decoupling metal strip 4 is located at the center line of the reflecting plate 3, and part or all of the first radiating elements 11 and part or all of the second radiating elements 21 are connected by the decoupling metal strip 4.
Preferably, each of the decoupling metal strips 4 comprises a first longitudinal branch 41, a second longitudinal branch 42, a third longitudinal branch 43, a fourth longitudinal branch 44, a first transverse branch 45, a second transverse branch 46, a first connecting branch 47 and a second connecting branch 48, wherein the first longitudinal branch 41, the second longitudinal branch 42, the third longitudinal branch 43 and the fourth longitudinal branch 44 are longitudinally arranged; the first lateral branch 45, the second lateral branch 46, the first connecting branch 47 and the second connecting branch 48 are arranged laterally; and the first longitudinal branch 41 and the third longitudinal branch 43 are connected into a whole through the first transverse branch 45, and the second longitudinal branch 42 and the fourth longitudinal branch 44 are connected into a whole through the second transverse branch 46; the third longitudinal branch 43 and the fourth longitudinal branch 44 are connected by the first connecting branch 47 and the second connecting branch 48.
Preferably, the decoupling metal strip 4 is a passive decoupling metal strip 4, a first lateral branch 45 of which is connected to the first radiating element 11 and a second lateral branch 46 of which is connected to the second radiating element 21.
Preferably, the number of the decoupling metal strips 4 can be flexibly adjusted according to the number of the antenna array elements in each column, the distance between the first array 1 and the second array 2 and the convergence of the horizontal wave width.
Preferably, the lengths of the branches of the decoupling metal strip 4 can be changed according to the wavelength corresponding to the frequency of adjusting the horizontal wave width, so that the frequency selective horizontal wave width adjustment is realized.
Preferably, the alignment position of the decoupling metal strip 4 can be adjusted according to the convergence of the horizontal bandwidth, and the closer to the central array element, the stronger the horizontal bandwidth adjusting capability is, because the amplitude of the central array element is the largest.
Preferably, the height of the decoupling metal strip 4 can also be adjusted according to the convergence of the horizontal bandwidth, so as to not affect the antenna layout and the electrical performance index of the antennas in other frequency bands, and meanwhile, the antenna assembly is simple and feasible.
The invention aims to break through the traditional horizontal wave width adjusting method based on the wave beam synthesis technology at present and provides a horizontal wave width adjusting method based on the passive metal strip decoupling technology, so that the transverse width of an antenna is reduced on the premise of ensuring the consistency of the horizontal wave width of the antenna, and the miniaturization is realized.
The invention is suitable for the design of multiple columns of side-by-side common-frequency antennas, for the convenience of explanation, two columns of side-by-side G-band (690 MHz-960 MHz) antennas are taken as examples, each column comprises 7 array elements, the width of the reflecting plate 3 is 450mm, the widths of different reflecting plates 3 and other frequency band base station antennas are all in the range of the invention, and are not repeated one by one.
The invention comprises a first array 1 (G-band antenna array), a second array 2 (G-band antenna array), a reflecting plate 3 and three decoupling metal strips 4 which are arranged side by side, wherein the first array 1 comprises at least one first radiating element 11 and at least one feed network, the second array 2 comprises at least one second radiating element 21 and at least one feed network, and the first array 1 and the second array 2 are arranged on the reflecting plate 3; the decoupling metal strips 4 at least comprise a group, the decoupling metal strips 4 are positioned on two sides of the central line of the reflecting plate 3, the longitudinal center of the decoupling metal strips is positioned on the central line of the two longitudinal vibrators, and the lateral branches are close to the cross arms of the vibrators.
In the preferred embodiment, the number of the first radiating elements 11 and the second radiating elements 21 is seven, the number of the decoupling metal strips 4 is three, and the second, fourth and sixth first radiating elements 11 in the first array 1 are connected with the second, fourth and sixth second radiating elements 21 in the second array 2 by the decoupling metal strips 4. The column spacing of the first array 1 and the second array 2 is between 220mm and 300 mm. Preferably, the column spacing of the first array 1 and the second array 2 is 250mm. The distance between the first longitudinal branch 41 and the second longitudinal branch 42 is 96mm. The overall length of the first longitudinal branch 41 and the third longitudinal branch 43 is 328mm.
The main working principle is as follows: when the first array 1 is in operation, without the decoupling metal strips 4, part of the electromagnetic energy in space is coupled into the second array 2, which is coupled with a much smaller amplitude than on the first array 1, with a phase close to the opposite phase, resulting in a widening of the horizontal bandwidth of the first array 1, and vice versa when the second array 2 is in operation. When the first array 1 works, under the condition that the decoupling metal strip 4 exists, most of coupling energy is coupled to the decoupling metal strip 4 through the first longitudinal branch 41, the second longitudinal branch 42, the third longitudinal branch 43, the fourth longitudinal branch 44, the first transverse branch 45 and the second transverse branch 46, and the coupling energy on the second array 2 is almost negligible, so that the horizontal wave width of the first array 1 is almost consistent with the horizontal wave width of a single-column antenna at the moment, and wave width adjustment is achieved.
Fig. 4 is a horizontal plane pattern and a cross polarization pattern of the same structure antenna without using the present invention, fig. 5 is a horizontal plane pattern and a cross polarization pattern of the same structure antenna in the embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 6 is a horizontal bandwidth contrast diagram of the same structure antenna before and after using the present invention. As can be seen from the figure, the decoupling metal strip 4 can adjust the horizontal directional diagram with wider horizontal bandwidth of the corresponding frequency band, so that the horizontal bandwidth is compressed to be within the index requirement range, and the influence on the horizontal bandwidths of other frequency bands is small.
TABLE 1
In summary, the horizontal bandwidth adjusting method based on the passive metal strip decoupling technology does not increase the number of array elements, does not change the size of the antenna, does not increase an additional feed network, is simple and easy to implement, and can realize the narrow beam width with selectable frequency. By utilizing the technical method, the physical size of the antenna can be effectively reduced, the miniaturization design of the antenna is facilitated, and the width convergence of the wave width is effectively improved.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. An antenna array based on passive decoupling technology, comprising: the device comprises a reflecting plate, a first array, a second array and a plurality of decoupling metal strips, wherein the first array and the second array are arranged on the reflecting plate in parallel and symmetrically, the first array comprises a plurality of first radiating units arranged in parallel, the second array comprises a plurality of second radiating units arranged in parallel, and the number of the first radiating units is consistent with that of the second radiating units; the decoupling metal strip is positioned at the center line of the reflecting plate, and part or all of the first radiating units and part or all of the second radiating units are connected through the decoupling metal strip.
2. The passive decoupling technology based antenna array of claim 1, wherein: each decoupling metal strip comprises a first longitudinal branch, a second longitudinal branch, a third longitudinal branch, a fourth longitudinal branch, a first transverse branch, a second transverse branch, a first connecting branch and a second connecting branch, wherein the first longitudinal branch, the second longitudinal branch, the third longitudinal branch and the fourth longitudinal branch are longitudinally arranged; the first transverse branch, the second transverse branch, the first connecting branch and the second connecting branch are transversely arranged; the first longitudinal branch and the third longitudinal branch are connected into a whole through the first transverse branch, and the second longitudinal branch and the fourth longitudinal branch are connected into a whole through the second transverse branch; the third longitudinal branch and the fourth longitudinal branch are connected through the first connecting branch and the second connecting branch.
3. An antenna array based on passive decoupling techniques as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the decoupling metal strip is a passive decoupling metal strip, a first transverse branch of the decoupling metal strip is connected with the first radiation unit, and a second transverse branch of the decoupling metal strip is connected with the second radiation unit.
4. A passive decoupling technology based antenna array as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the number of the first radiating elements and the second radiating elements is seven, the number of the decoupling metal strips is three, and the second, fourth and sixth first radiating elements in the first array are connected with the second, fourth and sixth second radiating elements in the second array through the decoupling metal strips.
5. An antenna array based on passive decoupling techniques as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the first array and the second array have a column spacing between 220mm and 300 mm.
6. The passive decoupling technology based antenna array of claim 5, wherein: the first array and the second array have a column spacing of 250mm.
7. The passive decoupling technology based antenna array of claim 2, wherein: the distance between the first longitudinal branch and the second longitudinal branch is 96mm.
8. The passive decoupling technology based antenna array of claim 2, wherein: the overall length of the first longitudinal branch and the third longitudinal branch is 328mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810240030.8A CN108258422B (en) | 2018-03-22 | 2018-03-22 | Antenna array based on passive decoupling technology |
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| CN201810240030.8A CN108258422B (en) | 2018-03-22 | 2018-03-22 | Antenna array based on passive decoupling technology |
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| CN108258422B true CN108258422B (en) | 2023-08-04 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109103592B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2024-07-12 | 江苏亨鑫科技有限公司 | Dual-polarized radiating element and array antenna with same |
| CN111817018A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-23 | 西安朗普达通信科技有限公司 | Grid-shaped strip base station antenna reflecting plate and antenna system |
| CN114784523B (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-10-14 | 电子科技大学 | Multi-frequency common-aperture end-fire circularly polarized phased array antenna |
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