CN105356062B

CN105356062B - Broadband array antenna

Info

Publication number: CN105356062B
Application number: CN201510705631.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴泽海; 吴壁群; 苏振华; 叶亮华
Original assignee: Guangdong Broadradio Communication Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Broadradio Communication Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2015-10-23
Filing date: 2015-10-23
Publication date: 2021-06-18
Anticipated expiration: 2035-10-23
Also published as: CN105356062A

Abstract

The invention relates to a wide-band array antenna, which comprises a metal reflecting plate, a radiating element array and a feed network, wherein the feed network is arranged on the metal reflecting plate; the radiating element array comprises subsystems with different frequency bands, and 5 oscillators in the horizontal direction of each subsystem are connected with a horizontal power distribution network. The wide-band array antenna has faster beam convergence capability in the horizontal direction, the power reduction angle from 3dB to 20dB is less than 25 degrees, and the side lobe level suppression is better than 20 dB. The array antenna has a flexible structure, and parameters such as spacing, amplitude and phase can be flexibly configured according to actual application requirements. By adopting the structure of the invention, the adjacent cell interference of hotspot areas such as stadiums and the like can be reduced, the frequency reuse of adjacent cells is realized, and the network capacity is improved. The array antenna is compatible with various systems of 2G, 3G and 4G LTE in mobile communication, so that the number of antennas used by a base station can be reduced, the station distribution cost can be reduced, and the operation and maintenance cost can be reduced.

Description

Broadband array antenna

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of communication, in particular to a broadband array antenna.

Background

After the fourth generation mobile communication technology 4G/LTE is commercialized in scale, the mobile internet is rapidly developed, smart phones and tablet computers are increasingly popularized, and the data traffic of mobile communication is increased explosively. The mobile communication user dense hot spot areas comprise large stadiums, performance centers, exhibition centers, high-speed railway stations, terminal buildings, civil squares and the like, the existing mobile communication network is difficult to meet the high-speed real-time network flow demand, and the traditional technical scheme of increasing carriers and the like is also difficult to solve the network capacity problem of the high-data flow area.

Open stadiums have a high traffic density and a high traffic volume, and the available frequency resources are quite limited, so that a large amount of frequency reuse is required to achieve the optimal capacity. In order to meet the network capacity requirement, more cells are planned to cover in communication hot spot areas such as large-scale stadiums.

The traditional solution uses antennas with circular coverage areas for multi-cell coverage, with directional patterns as shown in fig. 1, with 3dB to 20dB power drop angles greater than 60 degrees, and slow drop. The system adopting the antenna has larger overlapping area of adjacent cells and large interference, seriously influences the transmission rate of a communication system and has limited improvement on the communication capacity of the system. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is necessary to develop a broadband antenna that reduces interference of adjacent cells by fast beam convergence and improves communication capacity in a hot spot area such as a venue while ensuring a coverage area.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a broadband array antenna, wherein a horizontal directional diagram of the broadband array antenna is shaped in a rectangular mode, so that the overlapping and the interference of adjacent cells in hot spot areas such as a large-scale venue are reduced, the frequency reuse of the adjacent cells is realized, and the network capacity is improved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a broadband array antenna comprises a metal reflecting plate, a feed network and a radiating element array, wherein the feed network and the radiating element array are installed on the metal reflecting plate;

the radiating element array comprises at least one horizontal sub-array, and each sub-array comprises a plurality of vibrators which are arranged along the horizontal direction;

the horizontal plane directional diagram of the broadband array antenna is rectangular, the amplitude of the main beam direction within 3dB is stable and has at least 2 wave crests, the power outside the main beam range is rapidly reduced, and the reduction angle of the power from 3dB to 20dB is smaller than 25 degrees.

Further, the horizontally arranged sub-array is composed of 5 elements.

Further, the plurality of oscillators of each row of subarrays are arranged along a horizontal reference line; and the reference lines corresponding to the sub-arrays do not overlap.

Further, the horizontal direction sub-array oscillator pitches are equal.

Further, the plurality of horizontal sub-arrays are arranged in a vertical direction, and vertical pitches of the sub-arrays are equal.

Further, the feed network comprises a horizontal power distribution network and a vertical power distribution network; the sub-arrays are connected with the output ports of the horizontal power distribution network, and the input ports of the horizontal power distribution network are connected with the output ports of the vertical power distribution phase shift network.

Furthermore, the intervals of the vibrators in the horizontal direction are equal and are array horizontal intervals; the vertical intervals of the vibrators are equal and are array vertical intervals; the array vertical pitch is greater than or equal to the array horizontal pitch.

Further, the oscillator comprises radiating arms and a matching circuit connected between the radiating arms; the matching circuit is vertically arranged on the horizontal power distribution network; the horizontal power distribution network is fixed on the metal reflecting plate.

Furthermore, the radiation unit array comprises 25 oscillators, and a subsystem is formed by the horizontal power distribution network and the vertical power distribution phase shift network.

Furthermore, the number of the subsystems is multiple, and the subsystems work in a low frequency band, a medium frequency band and a high frequency band; the low-frequency subsystem works in a range of 698 minus 960MHz, the medium-frequency subsystem works in a range of 1710 minus 2200MHz, and the high-frequency subsystem works in a range of 2300 minus 2700 MHz. And the subsystems in different frequency bands carry out signal combination through the combiner so as to share the output port.

By adopting the structure of the invention, the fast beam convergence capability of the wide-band array antenna in the ultra-wideband range can be kept, the adjacent cell interference of hotspot areas such as stadiums and the like is reduced, the frequency reuse of adjacent cells is realized, and the network capacity is improved. The array antenna is compatible with various systems of 2G, 3G and 4G LTE in mobile communication, so that the number of antennas used by a base station can be reduced, the station distribution cost can be reduced, and the operation and maintenance cost can be reduced. Meanwhile, the structure of the invention can also be applied to countries and regional border lines with high requirements on the boundary of a coverage area, and the signal interference outside the border lines is greatly reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a horizontal radiation pattern of a wideband antenna array in the prior art;

fig. 2 is a rectangular shaped horizontal plane radiation pattern of a broadband antenna array implemented in the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-band array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a radiation pattern of a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-band array antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a triple-band array antenna according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a radiation pattern of an array antenna according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example one

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a broadband array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a metal reflector, a horizontal power distribution network mounted on the metal reflector, an oscillator fixed on the horizontal power distribution network, and a vertical power distribution phase shift network.

Preferably, the radiating element array is composed of 25 dual-polarized oscillators 101, the 25 oscillators are divided into 5 sub-arrays, and each sub-array comprises 5 oscillators in the horizontal direction; the 5 oscillators of the sub-array are arranged along a horizontal reference line, and the horizontal spacing of the oscillators is d 1; the centers of the plurality of sub-arrays are arranged along a vertical reference line with a vertical spacing d 2.

5 oscillators of the sub-array are connected with a horizontal power distribution network 102 to form a sub-antenna, and each sub-antenna is connected with a vertical power distribution phase shifting network 103 to form a dual-polarized array antenna; the vertical power distribution network uses a continuous phase adjustment network to adjust the beam pointing direction in the vertical direction.

Preferably, the horizontal spacing of the vibrators is equal to the vertical spacing, i.e., d1 ═ d2, which is a half wavelength of the operating frequency; preferably, the amplitude phase distribution of the vertical power-division phase-shifting network is consistent with the horizontal direction. The pattern of the array antenna is shown in fig. 4. Namely, the radiation pattern in the vertical direction is close to the radiation pattern in the horizontal direction, and the radiation pattern is in a rectangular shaping shape with a slightly concave middle part and two raised sides. The rectangular shaped directional diagram has 2 continuous wave crests in the main lobe direction, and the amplitude of the rectangular shaped directional diagram is reduced rapidly in the direction outside the main lobe. The central frequency 3dB beam width of the subsystem is 50 degrees, the 20dB beam width is 85 degrees, the angle of 3dB to 20dB power reduction in the whole frequency range is less than 25 degrees, and sidelobe suppression is better than 20 dB.

Example two

As shown in fig. 5, the embodiment of the present invention is modified based on the first embodiment.

The embodiment of the invention provides a dual-band rectangular shaped antenna working at 1710-. 111. 112 and 113 are respectively a +/-45 dual-polarized oscillator unit, a horizontal power distribution network and a vertical power distribution phase shifting network working at the 2300 plus-minus 2700MHz frequency band, so as to form a 2300 plus-minus 2700MHz frequency band subsystem; the connection between the oscillator and the feed network is the same as that of the first embodiment; the horizontal distance of the vibrators is D1H, and the vertical distance of the vibrators is D1V. 211. 212 and 213 are +/-45 dual-polarized oscillator units working in 1710-2200MHz frequency band, a horizontal power distribution network and a vertical power distribution phase shifting network respectively, which form 1710-2200MHz frequency band subsystem; the connection between the oscillator and the feed network is the same as that of the first embodiment; the horizontal distance of the vibrators is D2H, and the vertical distance of the vibrators is D2V.

The +45 polarization signal E1 of the 2300 plus 2700MHz subsystem and the +45 polarization signal E3 of the 1710 plus 2200MHz subsystem are connected to the combiner 115 to form a shared output port F1; similarly, the-45 polarization signal E2 of the 2300 plus 2700MHz subsystem and the-45 polarization signal E4 of the 1710 plus 2200MHz subsystem are connected to the other combiner 115 to form a shared output port F2; the working frequency range of the combiner is 1710-.

Preferably, the horizontal spacing D1H of the subsystem 2300 plus 2700MHz is equal to the vertical spacing D1V, and the horizontal spacing D2H of the subsystem 1710 plus 2200MHz is equal to the vertical spacing D2V.

Preferably, D1H and D1V are one-half wavelength of the central frequency 2500MHz in 2300-2700MHz band, and D2H and D2V are one-half wavelength of the central frequency 1950MHz in 1710-2200MHz band. Preferably, the amplitude of the 2300-plus-2700 MHz subsystem horizontal power distribution network is consistent with that of the vertical power distribution phase shift network; the horizontal power distribution network of the 1710-2200MHz subsystem is consistent with the amplitude of the vertical power distribution phase shift network. The patterns of the entire frequency bands of the subsystems 2300-. The 3dB to 20dB power reduction angle in each subsystem frequency band is less than 25 degrees, and the side lobe suppression is better than 20 dB.

Other features of the embodiments of the present invention are the same as those of the first embodiment, and therefore, are not described herein again.

EXAMPLE III

As shown in fig. 6, the embodiment of the present invention provides a triple-band array antenna.

In the drawing, 116 is a dual-band antenna of the second embodiment, and the working bands are 1710-. 311, 312 and 313 are a dual-polarized oscillator of +/-45 operating in the 698-960MHz band, a horizontal power distribution network and a vertical power division phase shifter network. The connection between the dual-polarized oscillator and the feed network is the same as that of the first embodiment; the horizontal distance of the vibrators is D3H, and the vertical distance of the vibrators is D3V. The +45 polarization signal F3 of the 698-960MHz subsystem and the +45 polarization signal F1 of the 1710-2200/2300-2700MHz dual-band system are connected to the combiner 107 to form a shared output port G1; similarly, the-45 polarization signal F4 of the 698-960MHz subsystem and the-45 polarization signal F2 of the 1710-2200/2300-2700MHz dual-band system are connected to another combiner 107 to form a shared output port G2; the working frequency range of the combiner 107 is 698-.

Preferably, D3H and D3V are one-half wavelength of 790MHz of center frequency in the 698-960MHz band.

Preferably, the amplitude of the 698-960MHz subsystem horizontal power distribution network is consistent with that of the vertical power distribution phase shift network. The directional diagrams of the entire frequency bands of the three

subsystems

698, 960, 1710, 2200 and 2300, 2700MHz of the embodiment are similar to those in fig. 4, the 3dB wave width of the center frequency of each subsystem is 50 degrees, and the 20dB beam width is 85 degrees. The 3dB to 20dB power reduction angle in each subsystem frequency band is less than 25 degrees, and the side lobe suppression is better than 20 dB.

Example four

This embodiment implements the pattern as shown in fig. 7, where the horizontal plane is rectangular pattern forming and the vertical plane is beam forming of a conventional antenna. The connection of the present embodiment is the same as the first embodiment; different from the first embodiment, the amplitude-phase distribution power division network with rectangular shaping is adopted in the horizontal plane, the amplitude-phase distribution of the power division phase shift network in the vertical plane is similar to that of a conventional base station antenna, and the main beam direction only has one wave peak. The embodiment is suitable for macro base stations with particularly high requirements on cell boundaries, such as mobile signal coverage on boundary lines between countries. Similar to the third embodiment, a sub-system regional arrangement structure of different frequency bands can be adopted to realize signal coverage of 4G/3G/2G different communication systems.

Preferably, the subsystems of different frequency bands of this embodiment do not use a combiner for signal combining.

It should be emphasized that, in the above 4 embodiments, in each subsystem array, the spacing between two adjacent oscillators in the horizontal direction is fixed, that is, the oscillator units are arranged at equal intervals. However, in practical engineering applications, the vibrator units may be arranged at unequal intervals. Similarly, the pitch between the two transducers in the vertical direction may be arranged at unequal pitches. In the embodiment, the center of each row of elements is arranged along a vertical line, and in practical application, the center of each row of elements may also be offset left and right. Similarly, in the embodiment, the centers of each row of the oscillators are arranged along a horizontal straight line, and in practical application, the centers of each row of the oscillators may also be offset up and down. The situation that the oscillators are arranged in a staggered mode with changed pitches can also realize the optimization of a rectangular shaped directional diagram, and the situation that the distance between the oscillators does not depart from the concept of the invention is also within the protection scope of the invention.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A broadband array antenna is characterized in that: the antenna comprises a metal reflecting plate, a feed network and a radiating element array, wherein the feed network and the radiating element array are arranged on the metal reflecting plate;

the radiating element array comprises a plurality of horizontal sub-arrays, and each sub-array comprises a plurality of dual-polarized oscillators which are arranged along the horizontal direction;

the relative working bandwidth of the broadband array antenna is more than 16%;

the intervals of the vibrators in the horizontal direction are equal and are array horizontal intervals; the vertical intervals of the vibrators are equal and are array vertical intervals; the array vertical spacing is greater than or equal to the array horizontal spacing;

a plurality of oscillators of each row of the subarrays are arranged along a horizontal reference line; the reference lines corresponding to the sub-arrays are not overlapped;

the feed network comprises a horizontal power distribution network and a vertical power distribution phase-shifting network; the subarray is connected with an output port of a horizontal power distribution network, and an input port of the horizontal power distribution network is connected with an output port of a vertical power distribution phase-shifting network;

the oscillator comprises radiating arms and a matching circuit connected between the radiating arms; the matching circuit is vertically arranged on the horizontal power distribution network; the horizontal power distribution network is fixed on the metal reflecting plate;

the vertical power division phase-shifting network uses a continuous phase adjusting device and is used for adjusting the beam direction in the vertical direction;

2. The broadband array antenna of claim 1, wherein: the horizontal direction subarray oscillator intervals are equal.

3. The broadband array antenna of claim 1, wherein: the plurality of horizontal direction sub-arrays are arranged in the vertical direction, and the vertical pitches of the sub-arrays are equal.

4. The broadband array antenna of claim 1, wherein: the radiation unit array, the horizontal power distribution network and the vertical power distribution phase shift network form a subsystem.

5. The broadband array antenna of claim 4, wherein: the number of the subsystems is multiple, and the subsystems work in a low frequency band, a medium frequency band and a high frequency band; the subsystem of the low frequency band works in the range of 698-960MHz frequency band, the subsystem of the medium frequency band works in the range of 1710-2200MHz frequency band, the subsystem of the high frequency band works in the range of 2300-2700MHz frequency band, and the subsystems of different frequency bands are combined by the combiner to share the output port.