CN110061341A - A kind of railway covering method, broad beam high-gain aerial and multiband common antenna - Google Patents
A kind of railway covering method, broad beam high-gain aerial and multiband common antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN110061341A CN110061341A CN201810055602.5A CN201810055602A CN110061341A CN 110061341 A CN110061341 A CN 110061341A CN 201810055602 A CN201810055602 A CN 201810055602A CN 110061341 A CN110061341 A CN 110061341A
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- phase shifter
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the first purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of Along Railway communication overlay method, can be realized the problem of aerial signal covers under long and narrow scene.Second purpose is to provide a kind of broad beam high-gain aerial, and being able to achieve horizontal plane half-power beam width is about 65 °, antenna gain >=19dBi；Third purpose is to provide a kind of broad beam high-gain multiband common antenna, being able to achieve horizontal plane half-power beam width is about 65 °, gain >=16dBi of the antenna at low-frequency range (≤1GHz), gain >=19dBi at high band (>=1.4GHz), further, to reduce lower decline angle adjustment difficulty in engineering use process, covering " black under tower " is avoided, antennas orthogonal face needs the Shape design of " null-fill " and " vertical plane 3dB beam angle is broadening "；Further, to reduce the load-bearing requirements to pole, engineering safety coefficient is promoted, it is desirable that antenna has miniaturization feature, such as antenna width≤400mm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mobile communication equipment technical fields, increase more particularly to a kind of railway covering method, broad beam height
Beneficial antenna and multiband common antenna.
Background technique
Currently, generally using narrow beam high-gain aerial, (horizontal surface wave is 32 ° wide, increases for elongated zones scenes such as railways
Beneficial 18dBi (≤1GHz) or 20dBi (>=1.4GHz)) it is covered, to promote single station coverage distance as far as possible, reduce in train
Switching frequency when fast moving, and realize that the continuous uniform in sector covers.If website close to Along Railway (such as less than
10 meters), then being leaned against using two secondary narrow beam high-gain aerials backwards to the covering of track two sides is a kind of preferably solution, is such as schemed
Shown in 1:
But due to part scene station for acquiring or safety problem, operator's part website can not be kept with Along Railway
In closer distance, for example the height of website is more than after some critical point (such as larger than station gauge), if encountering the spies such as natural calamity
Different reason, causes communication tower to be toppled over, then will have a direct impact on the safety of railway operation, and communication tower especially occurs in somewhere and collapses
After scratch railway accident, railroad's requirement new site must keep certain safe distance with rail, and (as stood, gauge is greater than
20 meters), but shape forms an angle between the meeting of antenna main lobe radiation direction and rail under this distance, causes in two sectors
Between horizontal sextant angle region there are it is weak covering or blind covering problem, as shown in Figure 2:
Therefore using general narrow beam high-gain (horizontal surface wave is 32 ° wide, gain 18dBi (≤1GHz) or 20dBi (>=
1.4GHz)) antenna not can effectively solve Along Railway signal of communication and cover discontinuous problem, further, if only making
, then can be small because of gain with the antenna (such as 18dBi, 1.8GHz) of 65 ° of conventional horizontal plane half-power beam widths, lead to single station
Coverage distance shortens, and train switching frequency when fast moving increases, and cutting off rate increases, and influences user experience；It also results in and builds
It stands closeer, construction cost increases.Therefore, it is urgent to provide a kind of effective ways, in the not raised situation of web construction cost, solution
The above-mentioned numerous covering problems certainly occurred at present guarantee the stability of whole network covering, realize and improve wireless money
The utilization rate in source.
Summary of the invention
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of Along Railway communication overlay methods, can be realized day under long and narrow scene
The problem of line signal covers.
Second purpose is to provide a kind of broad beam high-gain aerial, is able to achieve horizontal plane half-power beam width and is about
65 °, antenna gain >=19dBi；Further, to reduce lower decline angle adjustment difficulty in engineering use process, covering " tower is avoided
Under it is black ", antennas orthogonal face needs the Shape design of " null-fill " and " vertical plane 3dB beam angle is broadening "；Further,
Be to reduce to the load-bearing requirements of pole, promote engineering safety coefficient, it is desirable that antenna has miniaturization feature, as antenna width≤
400mm。
Third purpose is to provide a kind of broad beam high-gain multiband common antenna, is able to achieve horizontal plane half-power beam
Width is about 65 °, gain >=16dBi of the antenna at low-frequency range (≤1GHz), and the gain at high band (>=1.4GHz) >=
19dBi further to reduce lower decline angle adjustment difficulty in engineering use process, avoids covering " black under tower ", antennas orthogonal
Face needs the Shape design of " null-fill " and " vertical plane 3dB beam angle is broadening "；It further, is reduction to pole
Load-bearing requirements promote engineering safety coefficient, it is desirable that antenna has miniaturization feature, such as antenna width≤400mm.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantages and beneficial effects:
1,32 ° of antennas are compared simultaneously, and the high-gain aerial that this programme provides can more efficient solution Along Railway communication letter
Number covering discontinuous problem, coverage effect is more excellent or even non-blind area；
2, it is covered using two secondary above-mentioned antennas, gain decline is limited, but horizontal plane beam angle is the 1.5 of 32 ° of antennas
Times or more, single coverage distance of standing is farther, while reducing inter-sector handoff frequency and switch caused cutting off rate, reduces site cloth
Office's density, saves cost of investment of building a station.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that antenna covers schematic diagram 1 in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is that antenna covers schematic diagram 2 in the prior art；
Fig. 3 is the effect diagram covered using this programme；
Fig. 4 is the positional diagram of website height and track in the application；
Fig. 5 is aerial array schematic diagram in the application；
Fig. 6 is the application multi-frequency sharing array antenna column front schematic view；
Fig. 7 is the application multi-frequency sharing array antenna column schematic bottom view；
Fig. 8 is the directional diagram in the application after lower null-fill；
Fig. 9 is the effect diagram 2 that application scheme is covered.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, below in conjunction with attached drawing and specific embodiment party
Formula, the present invention is further described in detail.It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only to solve
The present invention is released, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein and belong to technical field of the invention
The normally understood meaning of technical staff is identical.Term as used herein in the specification of the present invention is intended merely to description tool
The purpose of the embodiment of body, it is not intended that in for limiting the present invention.Term " and or " used herein include one or
Any and all combinations of multiple relevant listed items.
Heretofore described " first ", " second ", " third " do not represent specific quantity and sequence, are only used for title
Differentiation.
As shown in figure 5, in the application in any embodiment, providing a kind of multiport phase shifter, multiport phase shifter, end
Mouthful quantity is M, ratio, that is, M/N >=0.85 with the quantity N of antenna radiation unit, wherein N >=14, can be used for for day it is traditional thread binding
Set adjustment angle of declination.
The present embodiment provides a kind of broad beam high-gain aerials, including radiating element, reflecting plate, phase shifter, such as Fig. 5 institute
Show, the phase shifter is multiport phase shifter, port number M, with ratio, that is, M/N of the quantity N of antenna radiation unit >=
0.85, wherein N >=14, can be improved the increasing that horizontal plane half-power beam width is 50 ° or more antennas using the above scheme
Benefit, can be suitable with traditional 32 ° of antenna gains, it is ensured that covering power does not decline.
In any specific embodiment, a kind of broad beam high-gain multifrequency community antenna is also provided, is included at least: at least one
Low-frequency range (≤1GHz) aerial array of a gain >=16.0dBi, at least one gain >=19.0dBi high band (>=
1.4GHz) antenna array.
Further, the structure of aerial array can be any one existing multifrequency array group battle array in above-described embodiment,
Including structures such as array nestings.
Specifically, in any embodiment, be illustrated by array structure as shown in Figure 6, the antenna by reflecting plate,
Multiport phase shifter and 4 group of subarrays to be worked respectively in different frequency range are at phase shifter as described in Figure 7 is located in reflection backboard
Face, including at least 1 is multiport phase shifter, port number M, with ratio, that is, M/N of the quantity N of antenna radiation unit >=
0.85；Wherein N >=6 of the low-frequency range array, N >=14 of high band array, the reflecting plate is by 1 bottom reflecting plate and 4
Lateral reflection plate composition, lateral reflection plate 1 and 2 are located at the two sides of high frequency subarray 1, and lateral reflection plate 3 and 4 is located at the two sides of subarray 3,
High frequency subarray 2 is located at the centre of lateral reflection plate 2 and lateral reflection plate 3.The high frequency subarray 1 is evenly spaced in reflection by several
The first high frequency radiating element 11 on plate forms (quantity >=14), the cell spacing d of the first high frequency radiating element 11 between any two
It is the center frequency point wavelength that high frequency subarray 1 works for the λ of 0.6 λ~0.9, λ.High frequency subarray 1 and multiport phase shifter 1 form
Work is in high band (>=1.4GHz) antenna subsystem 1.The port number M of phase shifter 1 and the radiating element number of high frequency subarray 1
Measure ratio M/N >=0.85 of N.The high frequency subarray 2 and phase shifter 2 form the subsystem 2 of antenna, the high frequency subarray 2
It is made of multiple the second high frequency radiating elements 22 being coaxially arranged among reflecting plate, the subsystem 2 of antenna is operable with high frequency
Section (>=1.4GHz) system；The array 3 forms (quantity by several third high frequency radiating elements 31 for being arranged in reflecting plate upper end
>=14), the cell spacing d of third high frequency radiating element 31 between any two is the λ of 0.6 λ~0.9, and λ is the center that subarray 3 works
Frequency point wavelength.Subarray 3 and multiport phase shifter 3 form work in high band (>=1.4GHz) antenna subsystem 3.The low frequency
Subarray 4 and phase shifter 4 form the subsystem 4 of antenna, institute's low frequency subarray 4 by it is multiple be coaxially arranged in it is low among reflecting plate
Radio-frequency radiation unit 21 forms, and the subsystem 4 of antenna is operable with low-frequency range (≤1GHz) system；Wherein, the ruler to reduce antenna
Very little low frequency radiating element 21 (quantity >=6) and the second high frequency radiating element 22 (quantity >=14) are coaxial nested to be placed in reflecting plate
On, the cell spacing d of low frequency radiating element 21 between any two is the λ of 0.6 λ~0.9, and λ is the center that low frequency radiating element 21 works
Frequency point wavelength.1 or 2 the second high frequency radiating elements 22 are placed between low frequency radiating element 21.The subsystem 4 of antenna can work
In low-frequency range (≤1GHz) system.The ratio of phase shifter port quantity and the quantity of corresponding radiating element in antenna subsystem 2,3,4
Value is identical as antenna subsystem 1 >=0.85.Can be improved horizontal plane half-power beam width using the above scheme is 50 ° or more
The gain of antenna can decline with traditional 32 ° of antennas compared to gain limited, it is ensured that covering power does not decline, and can realize day
Line width≤400mm promotes engineering safety coefficient, reduces the load-bearing requirements to pole.
In any specific embodiment, a kind of Along Railway communication overlay method is provided, in any embodiment, is realized:
A kind of Along Railway communication overlay method, comprising the following steps:
1), device is fixed at least side and/or two sides interval setting mutiple antennas along rail extending direction；
2), the height of the antenna fixing device is set by preset station gauge threshold value；
3), at least one secondary horizontal plane half-power beam width is set on the antenna fixing device traditional thread binding greater than 50 ° of days
It sets；
4) solid to antenna, according to antenna 10db attenuation characteristic and the angle of declination and horizontal azimuth of the antenna assembly
The proximal end region and remote area for determining device region carry out covering setting.
Preferably, the antenna assembly can be according to actual needs using the multiport provided in any of the above-described embodiment
Phase shifter, broad beam high-gain aerial broad beam high-gain multifrequency community antenna are realized.
As shown in figure 3, being covered using the above scheme, although gain slightly reduces, horizontal plane beam angle is 32 °
1.5 times or more of antenna are theoretically more suitable for website and cover with the farther away scene of railroad track spacing (as station gauge is greater than 20 meters)
Lid, volume proximal end region closer from antenna fixing device by antenna main lobe or can close on the overlapping region guarantee RSRP that secondary lobe formed
(signal reception power) meets system requirements, avoids the occurrence of weak covering, as shown in Figure 9.
Further, the two-beam antenna that the high-gain of the angled setting of two width is provided on antenna fixing device is stated.
Further, the station gauge of the fixed structure and rail is L, and tower height H, the L help to mention much larger than H
High safety performance makes that any threat will not be constituted to Along Railway to website, as shown in Figure 4.
Further, on the basis of the above, by optimizing the antenna pattern performance of antenna, railway can further be promoted
Covering quality along the line promotes user experience.
Further, the broad beam high-gain aerial that the technical program provides is by carrying out power tax to multiport phase shifter
Shape can realize " null-fill " (as shown in Figure 8) and " vertical plane 3dB beam angle is broadening ", effectively to reduce lower decline angle
Difficulty is set, the case where the intensity of signal is covered near enhancing base station, avoids " black under tower ".
Further, dedicated network construction is carried out additionally, due to railway, the power figuration of antenna multiport phase shifter is realized " secondary
Valve inhibition " index promotes the interference it is possible to prevente effectively to public network near Along Railway.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
It cannot therefore be interpreted as to patent of invention range for limiting.It should be pointed out that for the ordinary skill people of this field
For member, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to of the invention
Protection scope.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Along Railway communication overlay method, which comprises the following steps:
1), device is fixed at least side and/or two sides interval setting mutiple antennas along rail extending direction；
2), the height of the antenna fixing device is set by preset station gauge threshold value；
3), the antenna assembly that at least one secondary horizontal plane half-power beam width is greater than 50 ° is set on the antenna fixing device；
4) fixed to antenna to fill, according to antenna 10db attenuation characteristic and the angle of declination and horizontal azimuth of the antenna assembly
The proximal end region and remote area for setting region carry out covering setting.
2. a kind of Along Railway communication overlay method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the antenna fixing device
On be provided with the angled setting of two width high-gain two-beam antenna.
3. a kind of Along Railway communication overlay method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the proximal end region passes through
Antenna main lobe or the crossover region for closing on secondary lobe formation are covered.
4. a kind of Along Railway communication overlay method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that further include being moved to multiport
Phase device carries out the step of power figuration.
5. Along Railway communication overlay method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that the antenna assembly,
Including radiating element, reflecting plate, phase shifter, the phase shifter is multiport phase shifter, port number M, with aerial radiation list
Ratio M/N >=0.85 of the quantity N of member, radiating element quantity N >=14.
6. a kind of broad beam high-gain aerial, including radiating element, reflecting plate, phase shifter, which is characterized in that the phase shifter is
Multiport phase shifter, port number M, ratio M/N >=0.85 with the quantity N of antenna radiation unit.
7. broad beam high-gain aerial according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the wherein antenna radiation unit quantity
N≥14。
8. broad beam high-gain aerial according to claim 6 or 7, which is characterized in that the antenna horizontal plane half-power
Beam angle is greater than 50 °.
9. a kind of multiband common antenna, reflecting plate, multiple connection spokes including multiple radiation cell arrays, setting radiating element
Penetrate the phase shifter of unit, wherein the radiating element and phase shifter combinations at least one gain >=16.0dBi low-frequency range (≤
1GHz) aerial array, at least one gain >=19.0dBi high band (>=1.4GHz) antenna array, which is characterized in that the shifting
Phase device is multiport phase shifter, port number M, ratio M/N >=0.85 with the quantity N of antenna radiation unit, wherein described
Antenna radiation unit quantity N >=14.
10. multiband common antenna according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the antenna horizontal plane half-power beam
Width is greater than 50 °.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810055602.5A CN110061341A (en) | 2018-01-19 | 2018-01-19 | A kind of railway covering method, broad beam high-gain aerial and multiband common antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810055602.5A CN110061341A (en) | 2018-01-19 | 2018-01-19 | A kind of railway covering method, broad beam high-gain aerial and multiband common antenna |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110061341A true CN110061341A (en) | 2019-07-26 |
Family
ID=67315263
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810055602.5A Pending CN110061341A (en) | 2018-01-19 | 2018-01-19 | A kind of railway covering method, broad beam high-gain aerial and multiband common antenna |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN110061341A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113540831A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2021-10-22 | 中国移动通信有限公司研究院 | Method for adaptively adjusting beam width and antenna |
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| CN113540831A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2021-10-22 | 中国移动通信有限公司研究院 | Method for adaptively adjusting beam width and antenna |
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