CN107230845B - Rectangular beam forming antenna with half-power angular outer lobe falling rapidly - Google Patents
Rectangular beam forming antenna with half-power angular outer lobe falling rapidly Download PDFInfo
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- CN107230845B CN107230845B CN201710322793.2A CN201710322793A CN107230845B CN 107230845 B CN107230845 B CN 107230845B CN 201710322793 A CN201710322793 A CN 201710322793A CN 107230845 B CN107230845 B CN 107230845B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/28—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the amplitude
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
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Abstract
The invention provides a rectangular beam forming antenna with a rapidly falling half-power angle outer lobe, which comprises three groups of subarrays, wherein the arrangement mode of the three groups of subarrays is as follows: taking an N multiplied by N subarray A group as a center, respectively adding N array elements to the upper part, the lower part, the left part and the right part of the subarray A group to form a subarray B group, and respectively expanding no more than N array elements to the upper part, the lower part, the left part and the right part of the subarray B group to form a subarray C group, wherein N is more than or equal to 1; the excitation amplitudes of the array elements in the same group of subarrays are the same, and the excitation amplitude of the array elements in the group A of subarrays is the largest; the phase of the array elements in the A group subarrays is the same as that of the array elements in the B group subarrays, and the phase of the array elements in the C group subarrays is 180 degrees different from that of the other group of array elements. The shaped antenna adopts a small number of array elements, and realizes the rapid drop of the rectangular wave beam half-power angle outer wave lobe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rectangular beam forming antenna with a rapidly falling half-power angle outer lobe, belonging to the technical field of antennas and wireless communication.
Technical Field
When a large venue holds some important events, the number of communications is increased sharply, and available frequency resources are limited, so that it is necessary to improve the communication capacity through a frequency reuse technology. However, the shape of the radiation pattern of the antenna has a large impact on the quality of cellular communications. To meet the communication coverage requirements of venues, it is required that the lobes of the antenna tend to be rectangular in cross-sectional direction, while the outer lobes at the half-power angle of the antenna are required to fall off rapidly. Because the conventional rectangular array realizes rectangular beam forming by an amplitude-phase weighting method, but the antenna has defects in rectangular forming effect, lobe drop, array element number and the like, a new rectangular beam forming antenna needs to be researched and optimized so as to reduce the array element number and improve the outer lobe drop capability of the rectangular beam half-power angle, and the method has very important significance in the aspects of improving the frequency reuse of a communication system, reducing the cost and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a rectangular beam forming antenna with a rapidly dropping half-power angle outer lobe, which uses a smaller number of array elements, so as to implement a rapidly dropping half-power angle outer lobe of a rectangular beam, and effectively eliminate the overlapping coverage of adjacent frequency reuse cells, so that the boundaries of the cells are as clear as possible, and improve the frequency reuse efficiency and the communication capacity of the system.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a rectangular beam forming antenna with a half-power angle outer lobe falling rapidly comprises three sub-arrays, wherein the arrangement modes of the three sub-arrays are as follows: taking an N multiplied by N subarray A group as a center, respectively adding N array elements to the upper part, the lower part, the left part and the right part of the subarray A group to form a subarray B group, and respectively expanding no more than N array elements to the upper part, the lower part, the left part and the right part of the subarray B group to form a subarray C group, wherein N is more than or equal to 1;
the excitation amplitudes of the array elements in the same group of subarrays are the same, and the excitation amplitude of the array elements in the group A of subarrays is the largest; the phase of the array elements in the A group subarrays is the same as that of the array elements in the B group subarrays, and the phase of the array elements in the C group subarrays is 180 degrees different from that of the other group of array elements.
Furthermore, the distance between adjacent array elements in the sub-array of the group A is 0.5 lambda-0.8 lambda, the distance between the corresponding adjacent array elements in the sub-array of the group B and the sub-array of the group A is 0.5 lambda-0.85 lambda, the horizontal distance or the vertical distance between the corresponding array elements in the sub-array of the group C and the sub-array of the group B is 0.5 lambda-0.85 lambda, and lambda is the central working frequency of the antenna.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
first, the invention realizes the rapid drop of outer lobes of different half-power beam widths and half-power angles by flexibly configuring the array layout, the excitation amplitude and the phase, has better rectangular beam forming effect, can effectively reduce the adjacent cell interference of a hotspot communication area, realizes the frequency reuse of adjacent cells, and improves the network capacity.
Secondly, the invention adopts less array elements, and can obviously reduce the production cost and the maintenance cost in the application of the mobile communication and other fields; compared with the existing rectangular beam forming antenna, the invention can effectively reduce the adjacent cell interference of the hot spot communication area, realize the frequency reuse of the adjacent cell and improve the network capacity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a sparse distribution diagram (N ═ 2) of a rectangular beamforming antenna array;
fig. 2 shows the excitation amplitude and phase (N is 2) of a rectangular beamforming antenna array with a beam width of 48 ° to 56 °;
fig. 3 is a three-dimensional pattern and gradient map of a rectangular beam forming antenna array;
fig. 4 shows two-dimensional patterns of the rectangular beam forming antenna at 2.3GHz and 2.7GHz and each tangential pattern at 2.5 GHz.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples to provide a further understanding of the principles, features and advantages of the embodiments.
The invention discloses a rectangular beam forming antenna with a rapidly falling half-power outer lobe, which is characterized by comprising an array layout, an array element excitation amplitude and a phase design. This antenna includes three subarrays, and three subarrays adopt array element sparse distribution's the mode of arranging, specifically do: taking an N multiplied by N subarray A group as a center, respectively adding N array elements to the upper part, the lower part, the left part and the right part of the subarray A group to form a subarray B group, and respectively expanding no more than N array elements to the upper part, the lower part, the left part and the right part of the subarray B group to form a subarray C group, wherein N is more than or equal to 1;
the excitation amplitude of the array elements in the A group of sub-arrays is the largest and consistent, the excitation amplitude of the array elements in the B group of sub-arrays and the C group of sub-arrays is relatively smaller, and the excitation amplitude groups of the array elements in the B group of sub-arrays and the C group of sub-arrays are the same. By flexibly configuring the array element excitation amplitude values in the group B and the group C, different half-power beam widths can be realized, and the half-power angle outer lobe dropping capability and the side lobe level suppression level can be effectively controlled. The array elements of group A and group B have the same phase, and the array elements of group C and other array elements have 180 deg. difference.
Array elements in each group of arrays can adopt dipoles polarized at +/-45 degrees, microstrip antennas or waveguide antennas and the like.
The distance between adjacent array elements in the A group of sub-arrays of the rectangular beam forming antenna array is 0.5 lambda-0.8 lambda, the distance between the corresponding adjacent array elements in the B group of sub-arrays and the A group of sub-arrays is 0.5 lambda-0.85 lambda, the horizontal distance or the vertical distance between the corresponding array elements in the C group of sub-arrays and the B group of sub-arrays is 0.5 lambda-0.85 lambda, wherein lambda is the central working frequency of the antenna.
Example one:
the rectangular beamforming antenna with an operating frequency of 2.3GHz to 2.7GHz adopts 16 array elements for sparse distribution, and as shown in fig. 1, the array elements adopt ± 45 ° polarized dipole antennas, and the coordinates of the centers of the array elements in the xoy coordinate system are respectively a1(31, -31), a2(31,31), A3(-31,31), a4(-31 ), B1(93, -31), B2(93,31), B3(31,93), B4(-31,93), B5(-93,31), B6(-93, -31), B7(-31, -93), B8(31,93), C1(155,0), C2(0,155), C3(-155,0), and C4(0, -155), wherein the unit is mm.
Fig. 2 shows the amplitude-phase distribution for a beam width of 48 ° to 56 °, where the excitation amplitudes of the elements in group a are the largest and the same (assuming that the excitation amplitudes of the elements in group a are 0dB), the excitation amplitudes of the elements in group B are-16.5 dB, and the excitation amplitudes of the elements in group C are-11.5 dB. The excitation phases of the elements of group a and group B in the array are the same, while the excitation phase of group C differs by 180 ° from the other elements in the array.
Fig. 3 shows a three-dimensional pattern and gradient map of a rectangular beam forming antenna array; fig. 4 shows two-dimensional patterns of the rectangular beam forming antenna at 2.3GHz and 2.7GHz and each tangential pattern at 2.5 GHz. From the results, the rectangular beam forming antenna has the advantages of less array elements, quick falling of outer lobes at half-power angles, and low levels of side lobes and back lobes, and has a better rectangular beam forming effect.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be practiced without these specific details.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings have been disclosed for illustrative purposes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: various substitutions, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims. Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to the disclosure of the preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a rectangle beam forming antenna that half power angle external wave lobe falls fast which characterized in that includes three subarrays, and the mode of arranging of three subarrays is: taking an N multiplied by N subarray A group as a center, respectively adding N array elements to the upper part, the lower part, the left part and the right part of the subarray A group to form a subarray B group, and respectively expanding no more than N array elements to the upper part, the lower part, the left part and the right part of the subarray B group to form a subarray C group, wherein N is more than or equal to 1;
the excitation amplitudes of the array elements in the same group of subarrays are the same, and the excitation amplitude of the array elements in the group A of subarrays is the largest; the phase of the array elements in the A group subarrays is the same as that of the array elements in the B group subarrays, and the phase of the array elements in the C group subarrays is 180 degrees different from that of the other group of array elements.
2. The square shaped wave beam forming antenna with rapidly dropping half-power outer lobe according to claim 1, wherein the distance between adjacent array elements in the sub-arrays of group a is 0.5 λ -0.8 λ, the distance between corresponding adjacent array elements in the sub-arrays of group B and group a is 0.5 λ -0.85 λ, and the horizontal distance or vertical distance between corresponding array elements in the sub-arrays of group C and group B is 0.5 λ -0.85 λ, where λ is the central operating frequency of the antenna.
3. The corner outer lobe fast roll-off rectangular shaped beam forming antenna according to claim 1, wherein N is 2, and the number of array elements in each direction in the C-group sub-arrays is 1.
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| CN201710322793.2A CN107230845B (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2017-05-09 | Rectangular beam forming antenna with half-power angular outer lobe falling rapidly |
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| CN107230845B true CN107230845B (en) | 2020-11-06 |
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| CN108767494A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-11-06 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | A kind of dual polarization rectangle figuration venue thinned array antenna |
| CN114512799A (en) | 2020-11-17 | 2022-05-17 | 康普技术有限责任公司 | Antenna and methods of making and operating the same |
| CN113451754B (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2023-04-14 | 中信科移动通信技术股份有限公司 | Rectangular shaped array antenna |
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| CN104901734B (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2018-08-03 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二四研究所 | A kind of form-giving array antennas beams method |
| CN106129638B (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2019-06-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna and base station |
| CN106571537A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-04-19 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Bipolar two-beam low-side-lobe rapid-drop rectangular shaping array antenna |
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