WO2019080635A1 - Mimo antenna array, mimo antenna and base station - Google Patents

Mimo antenna array, mimo antenna and base station

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Publication number
WO2019080635A1
WO2019080635A1 PCT/CN2018/103007 CN2018103007W WO2019080635A1 WO 2019080635 A1 WO2019080635 A1 WO 2019080635A1 CN 2018103007 W CN2018103007 W CN 2018103007W WO 2019080635 A1 WO2019080635 A1 WO 2019080635A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
array
antenna array
reference axis
elements
antenna
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/103007
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙善球
刘培涛
黄立文
费锦洲
Original Assignee
京信通信系统（中国）有限公司
京信通信技术(广州)有限公司
京信通信系统（广州）有限公司
天津京信通信系统有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司, 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司, 京信通信系统（广州）有限公司, 天津京信通信系统有限公司 filed Critical 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司
Publication of WO2019080635A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019080635A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a MIMO antenna array, a MIMO antenna, and a base station.
  • MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) technology is a multi-antenna technology, that is, a plurality of antennas are respectively arranged at the receiving end and the transmitting end of the wireless communication system, so that signals are transmitted and received through multiple antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end. Thereby improving communication quality.
  • the technology can make full use of space resources, realize multiple transmission and reception through multiple antennas, and can increase the system capacity by multiple times without increasing spectrum resources and antenna transmission power, and is regarded as a key technology for next-generation mobile communication.
  • the prior art proposes to achieve target beam coverage (for example, 65° beam coverage) by presetting the amplitude, phase weight, and the like of each radiating element in each antenna array.
  • target beam coverage for example, 65° beam coverage
  • the preset amplitude phase weights of each radiating element are complicated to operate, and the radiant energy is consumed, so that the coverage pattern beam of the antenna is offset; on the other hand, the optimal beam width can be achieved.
  • the wave width convergence is still poor.
  • the present invention provides a MIMO antenna array, a MIMO antenna and a base station, which aims to break through the bottleneck of the prior art, improve the electrical performance of the MIMO antenna, and improve the reliability of the antenna operation.
  • the technical solution adopted by the MIMO antenna array of the present invention is:
  • a MIMO antenna array comprising:
  • first antenna array formed by a plurality of first array elements and a second antenna array formed by a plurality of second array elements;
  • the working frequency band of the first antenna array is at least partially identical to the working frequency band of the second antenna array;
  • Each of the first array elements of the first antenna array and each of the second array elements of the second antenna array are alternately arranged in the direction of the reference axis and do not interfere with each other;
  • the center wavelength of the same working frequency band of the first antenna array and the second antenna array is ⁇ , between the first array element and the reference axis, and the second array element and the reference axis The lateral spacing between them is maintained in the range of 0 to 0.3 ⁇ .
  • each of the first array elements of the first antenna array and each of the second array elements of the second antenna array are distributed on the reference axis.
  • each of the first array elements of the first antenna array are distributed on the reference axis, and each of the second array elements of the second antenna array is offset from the same side of the reference axis. Or staggered in different directions perpendicular to the reference axis;
  • Each of the first array elements of the first antenna array is sequentially disposed along a first reference axis
  • each of the second array elements of the second antenna array is sequentially disposed along a second reference axis
  • the second reference axis is disposed on two lateral sides of the reference axis and is parallel to the reference axis;
  • Each of the first array elements of the first antenna array are staggered in different directions perpendicular to the reference axis, and each of the second array elements of the second antenna array is also perpendicular to the reference The different directions of the axes are staggered.
  • the longitudinal spacing between two adjacent first array elements is 0.7 to 1.1 ⁇ .
  • a longitudinal spacing between two adjacent second array elements is 0.7 to 1.1 ⁇ .
  • each of the first array elements and/or each of the second array elements are respectively arranged at equal longitudinal intervals.
  • each of the first array elements and/or each of the second array elements offset from the reference axis and the reference axis is equal.
  • the number of the first array element and the second array element are equal.
  • first array element and/or the second array element comprise a dual polarized radiation unit; the dual polarized radiation unit is a ⁇ 45° polarized element or a vertical/horizontal polarized element.
  • the first antenna array includes a plurality of first radiating units as the first array element and a plurality of second radiating units as the first array element, and each of the first radiations having different structures
  • the unit and each of the second radiating elements are alternately arranged in the order of the reference axis;
  • the second antenna array includes a plurality of third radiating elements as the second array element and a plurality of fourth radiating elements as the second array element, each of the third radiating elements and each having a different structure
  • the fourth radiating elements are alternately arranged in the order of the reference axis.
  • a MIMO antenna includes a reflector and the MIMO antenna array, the MIMO antenna array is disposed on the reflector, and the reference axis is an axisymmetric line of the reflector.
  • the base station provided by the present invention includes the above MIMO antenna.
  • the MIMO antenna array, the MIMO antenna, and the base station of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects with respect to the prior art:
  • a second array distributed between the first array element and the reference axis distributed along the reference axis direction and along the reference axis direction
  • the lateral spacing between the element and the reference axis is maintained in the range of 0 to 0.3 ⁇ , which not only reduces the difference between the widths of the left and right boundaries of the first antenna array and the second antenna array, but can also be improved to some extent.
  • the left and right boundary symmetry of the first antenna array and the second antenna array thereby improving the radiation pattern symmetry of the first antenna array and the second antenna array, and making the half-power beam width have better convergence and the wave width Narrow, front-to-back ratio and axial cross-polarization can also be significantly improved; it can also reduce the windward area and save the surface resources; in addition, the arrangement of the first array element and the second array element alternately facilitates the whole MIMO.
  • the antenna array has a compact structural size on the reflector and reduces the vertical sidelobe energy in the antenna array pattern such that the vertical plane of each antenna array The sidelobe energy can cancel each other out; the overall performance of the MIMO antenna is improved, and the application prospect is broad.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a MIMO antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a MIMO antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of a MIMO antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth structure of a MIMO antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth structure of a MIMO antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a simulation result diagram of the MIMO antenna array shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional MIMO antenna array
  • FIG. 8 is a simulation result diagram of the MIMO antenna array shown in FIG. 7;
  • 100 first antenna array; 101: first array element; 200: second antenna array; 201: second array element; 300: reflection plate; Y 0 : reference axis; Y 1 : first reference axis; Y 2 : Second reference axis; d1: lateral spacing; d2: longitudinal spacing; D1: lateral spacing of array elements in the existing MIMO antenna array relative to the reference axis; D2: longitudinal spacing between adjacent elements in the existing MIMO antenna array.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defining “first” and “second” may include one or more of the features either explicitly or implicitly.
  • the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless specifically and specifically defined otherwise.
  • a MIMO antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • first antenna array 100 formed by a plurality of first array elements 101 (not shown, see cross-hatching) and a second antenna formed by a plurality of second array elements 201 (not shown, see circle) Array 200;
  • the operating frequency band of the first antenna array 100 is at least partially identical to the operating frequency band of the second antenna array 200;
  • Each of the first array elements 101 of the first antenna array 100 and the second array elements 201 of the second antenna array 200 are alternately arranged in the order of the reference axis Y 0 and do not interfere with each other;
  • the center wavelength of the same operating frequency band of the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 is ⁇ , the horizontal direction between the first array element 101 and the reference axis Y 0 and between the second array element 201 and the reference axis Y 0
  • the spacing d1 is maintained in the range of 0 to 0.3 ⁇ .
  • the MIMO antenna array is configured to set the working frequency band of the first antenna array 100 and the operating frequency band of the second antenna array 200 to be at least partially identical, and between the first array element 101 and the reference axis Y 0 distributed along the reference axis Y 0 direction. and a second array element 201 and 0 lateral spacing d1 between the axis Y along the reference axis Y 0 reference distribution can be maintained in the range of 0 ⁇ 0.3 ⁇ , with respect to conventional MIMO antenna array, not only can be reduced while the first The difference between the widths of the left and right boundaries of the antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 can improve the left and right boundary symmetry of the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 to some extent, thereby improving the first antenna array 100.
  • the area and the saving of the surface resources; in addition, the arrangement in which the first array element 101 and the second array element 201 are alternately distributed also facilitates the compact structure of the entire MIMO antenna array on the reflection plate 300. Inch.
  • first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 are respectively subordinate to different network systems; the structures of the first array element 101 and the second array element 201 may be the same or different.
  • the above reference axis Y 0 is a dummy reference line, and in practical applications, the reference axis Y 0 is an axisymmetric line of the reflection plate 300, that is, the reflection plate 300 is symmetrical about the reference axis Y 0 .
  • the first array element 101 and each of the second array elements 201 do not interfere with each other. Specifically, when each of the first array elements 101 and the second array elements 201 are mounted on the reflection plate 300, any first array element 101 and Orthographic projection of any second array element 201 on the reflective plate 300, orthographic projection of any adjacent first array element 101 on the reflective plate 300, and any adjacent second array element 201 on the reflective plate The orthographic projections on 300 have no interference with each other.
  • each of the first array elements 101 of the first antenna array 100 and the second array elements 201 of the second antenna array 200 are distributed on the reference axis Y 0 . That is, the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 are disposed coaxially.
  • the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 are disposed on the reflector 300, the first array element 101 and each of the second array elements 201 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the reflection plate 300.
  • the left and right boundaries of the first array element 101 and each of the second array elements 201 are symmetric, so that the radiation patterns of the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 are horizontally symmetrical, and the half-power beam width has a wide wavelength convergence and a narrow wave width.
  • Antenna gain, front-to-back ratio and axial cross-polarization can reach the optimal level.
  • the windward area can be greatly reduced, and a large amount of surface resources can be saved, so that the reliability of the MIMO antenna is greatly improved.
  • the coaxial arrangement is actually a common technical means for existing dual-frequency or multi-frequency antennas, and It has become a consensus in the art to set two antenna arrays to completely different operating bands when using a coaxial arrangement.
  • the embodiment of the present invention overcomes the prior art bias to set the working frequency band of the first antenna array 100 and the working frequency band of the second antenna array 200 to be at least partially identical. Through multiple experiments, it is found that the performance indexes of the lifting antenna are better. The effect; on this basis, the bandwidth of the working frequency band is less than 20%, which can further improve the performance indexes of the antenna.
  • the bandwidth of the above working frequency band can be further set to less than 16%.
  • FIG. 8 is a simulation result diagram provided by the conventional MIMO antenna array shown in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 6 is a simulation result diagram provided by the MIMO antenna array shown in FIG. 1, in which the first antenna array 100 is shown.
  • the working frequency band is the same as the operating frequency band of the second antenna array 200.
  • the MIMO antenna array (hereinafter referred to as an embodiment) using the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is compared with the existing MIMO antenna array shown in FIG. 7 (hereinafter referred to as a comparative example). The advantages are detailed and compared.
  • the comparison result of Table 1 above shows that the MIMO antenna array shown in FIG. 1 has a half-power beam width of 63° to 64°, and the wave width is excellent in convergence and the wave width is narrowed compared with the prior art; The ⁇ 60° axial cross polarization is significantly improved.
  • the applicant has repeatedly tested that the MIMO antenna array shown in Figure 1 can reduce the windward area by about 50%, saving the surface resources and greatly improving the reliability of the antenna.
  • the operating frequency band of the first antenna array 100 is at least partially identical to the operating frequency band of the second antenna array 200, and between the first array element 101 and the reference axis Y 0 distributed along the reference axis Y 0 direction and along the reference
  • the lateral spacing d1 between the second array element 201 of the axis Y 0 distribution and the reference axis Y 0 can be maintained within the range of 0 to 0.3 ⁇ ; the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 can also be used.
  • the arrangement of different axis settings may specifically include the following types of arrangement:
  • each first array of the first antenna array 100 is distributed on the reference axis Y 0
  • each second array of the second antenna array 200 is perpendicular to the reference axis Y.
  • the same direction of 0 alternates the arrangement of the settings.
  • each first array of the first antenna array 100 is distributed on the reference axis Y 0
  • each second array of the second antenna array 200 is perpendicular to the reference axis Y.
  • the different directions of 0 alternately stagger the arrangement of the settings.
  • each of the first antenna array element 100 of the first array along a first reference axis Y 1 are sequentially arranged, each of the second array antenna array element 200 in the second reference axis Y 2 are sequentially disposed, a first reference axis and a second reference axis Y 1 Y is divided to the reference axis Y 2 0 and the lateral sides parallel to the reference axis Y 0.
  • the lateral spacing d1 between the first reference axis Y 1 and the reference axis Y 0 is 0 ⁇ d1 ⁇ 0.3 ⁇
  • the second reference axis Y 2 and the reference axis Y 0 The lateral spacing d1 between them is also 0 ⁇ d1 ⁇ 0.3 ⁇ .
  • each of the first array elements 101 of the first antenna array 100 are staggered in different directions perpendicular to the reference axis Y 0
  • each second array of the second antenna array 200 The elements 201 are also staggered along different directions perpendicular to the reference axis Y 0
  • the first reference axis Y 1 and the second reference axis Y 2 disposed on both sides of the reference axis Y 0 are described above.
  • the first array element 101 and the first array element 101 are alternately distributed on the first reference axis Y 1 and The second array element 201, the second array axis Y 2 is also alternately distributed with the first array element 101 and the second array element 201, and any two adjacent first array elements 101 are respectively located on different reference axes, any two The adjacent second array elements 201 are also located on different reference axes, respectively.
  • the arrangement shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5 described above is arranged side by side with respect to the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 symmetrically arranged with respect to the reference axis Y 0 in the prior art shown in FIG. In addition to good electrical performance, it also helps to reduce the lateral width of the MIMO antenna array, and has a more compact structure size.
  • the longitudinal spacing d2 between two adjacent first array elements 101 in the direction of the reference axis Y 0 is 0.7 to 1.1 ⁇ .
  • the longitudinal spacing d2 is slightly larger than the longitudinal spacing D2 between adjacent two array elements in any of the antenna arrays shown in FIG. 7, such an arrangement can effectively optimize the vertical plane sidelobe level of the antenna.
  • the installation difficulty and cost of the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 are not increased, the isolation between the arrays can be optimized, the coupling between the columns is reduced, and the difficulty and cost of decoupling are correspondingly reduced. Make the MIMO antenna better in electrical performance and operational reliability.
  • longitudinal spacing d2 specifically refers to the longitudinal spacing d2 between the geometric centers of the two array elements.
  • the above ⁇ also refers to the center wavelength of the same operating frequency band of each of the first array element 101 and the second array element 201.
  • the operating frequency bands of the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 are preferably identical.
  • the longitudinal spacing d2 between the adjacent two second array elements 201 is also 0.7 to 1.1 ⁇ , which will not be described in detail herein.
  • each of the first array elements 101 and/or each of the second array elements 201 is arranged at an equal longitudinal pitch d2 in the direction of the reference axis Y 0 . That is, in practical applications, the first array elements 101 of the first antenna array 100 are preferably arranged with an equal longitudinal spacing d2. Similarly, the second array elements 201 of the second antenna array 200 are also preferably Equal longitudinal spacing d2 is arranged; to further optimize the sidelobe level. In order to facilitate the installation, it is easy to understand that in the direction of the reference axis Y 0 , the first array elements 101 and the second array elements 201 which are alternately arranged are arranged at equal longitudinal intervals d2, that is, any two adjacent ones.
  • the longitudinal spacing d2 between the first array element 101 and the second array element 201 is equal.
  • it is relatively simple and easy to use an equally spaced arrangement or an equal spacing arrangement, and no limitation is imposed herein.
  • the lateral spacing d1 is equal to the reference axis Y 0 between the biasing element disposed in each of the first array 101 and / or 201 of each array element with a second reference axis Y 0.
  • the lateral spacing d1 between the second array elements 201 and the reference axis Y 0 is equal, and the first array elements 101 of the first antenna array 100 are coaxial.
  • the second array elements 201 of the second antenna array 200 are distributed and distributed coaxially, which is advantageous for reducing installation difficulty and cost.
  • the lateral spacing d1 between the second array elements 201 and the reference axis Y 0 is equal, which is advantageous for improving the symmetry of the left and right boundaries of the second antenna array 200.
  • the radiation pattern symmetry of the second antenna array 200 is further improved.
  • the lateral spacing d1 between the first reference axis and the reference axis Y 1 Y 0 is equal to the second reference axis Y and the transverse direction between the reference axis Y 0
  • the spacing d1, the first array elements 101 of the first antenna array 100 are coaxially distributed, and the second array elements 201 of the second antenna array 200 are coaxially distributed, which is advantageous for reducing installation difficulty and cost.
  • a first reference axis Y between a lateral spacing d1 and the reference axis Y 0 is equal to the second reference axis Y and the transverse direction between the reference axis Y 0
  • the spacing d1 is advantageous for improving the symmetry of the left and right boundaries of the first antenna array 100 and the symmetry of the left and right boundaries of the second antenna array 200, thereby improving the radiation pattern symmetry of the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200, and
  • the wave width can be further compressed to improve the degree of coupling between the columns.
  • the number of first array elements 101 included in the first antenna array 100 in the MIMO antenna array is equal to the number of second array elements 201 included in the second antenna array 200.
  • the first antenna array 100 includes six first array elements 101
  • the second antenna array 200 includes six second array elements 201.
  • it can also be set according to the horizontal beam width, vertical beam width, and gain requirement of the MIMO antenna in actual use. Therefore, the number of the first array element 101 and the second array element 201 involved in the embodiment of the present invention is only for exemplifying the specific embodiment of the present invention, and cannot constitute any structure on the MIMO antenna array and the MIMO antenna. limited.
  • the first array element 101 and/or the second array element 201 comprise dual polarized radiation elements.
  • the use of dual-polarized radiating elements is beneficial to improve the stability of communication performance.
  • the dual-polarized radiating element may be a common ⁇ 45° polarizing element or a vertical/horizontal polarizing element, which is not limited herein.
  • the first array element 101 and/or the second array element 201 may have a three-dimensional spatial stereoscopic structure, or may be a conventional planar printed radiation unit (for example, a microstrip oscillator), a patch oscillator, or a half-wave oscillator. It can also be a combination of any of the above types of antenna elements.
  • the shapes of the first array element 101 and the second array element 201 may be a square shape, a diamond shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a cross shape, etc., and can be flexibly selected according to actual needs.
  • an optional structure is that each of the first array elements 101 of the first antenna array 100 can adopt the same radiating unit to simplify the installation.
  • the first antenna array 100 includes two types of radiating elements having different structures, that is, the first antenna array 100 includes a plurality of first radiating elements as the first array element 101 and serves as the first array. a plurality of second radiating elements of the element 101, each of the first radiating elements and the second radiating elements having different structures are alternately distributed along the reference axis Y 0 direction; such a structure is advantageous for reducing the coupling degree between the columns, thereby improving the inter-column isolation .
  • each of the second array elements 201 in the second antenna array 200 may also adopt the same radiating unit to simplify the installation; or the second antenna array 200 includes a plurality of third radiations as the second array element 201.
  • the unit and the plurality of fourth radiating elements as the second array element 201, the third radiating elements and the fourth radiating elements having different structures are alternately distributed along the reference axis Y 0 direction; details are not described herein.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a MIMO antenna, including a reflector 300 and the MIMO antenna array.
  • the MIMO antenna array is disposed on the reflector 300, and the reference axis Y 0 is an axisymmetric line of the reflector 300.
  • the first array elements 101 of the first antenna array 100 and the second array elements 201 of the second antenna array 200 are disposed on the same side of the reflection plate 300.
  • some or all of the first array elements 101 in the first antenna array 100 may be disposed on the reflective plate 300 through an insulating module (not shown); correspondingly, portions of the second antenna array 200 Or all of the second array elements 201 may also be disposed on the reflective plate 300 through the insulating module.
  • the insulating module can function as a mounting base.
  • the first array element 101 and the second array element 201 are disposed on the insulating module for convenient disassembly, and the insulating property of the insulating module can effectively avoid the current conduction between the respective array elements. Interference, which is beneficial to improve the stability of antenna communication.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a base station, including the foregoing MIMO antenna.
  • the above MIMO antenna and the base station are based on the same concept as the MIMO antenna array embodiment of the present invention, and the technical effects thereof are the same as those of the MIMO antenna array embodiment of the present invention.
  • the description of the MIMO antenna array embodiment of the present invention I won't go into details here.
  • MIMO antenna and base station are further provided with other required components, structures or systems such as a phase shifting system, a combiner and a shaping network, and these components, structures or systems are common in the prior art. Therefore, it will not be described in detail.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

Provided by the present invention is a Multiple–Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna array, comprising: a first antenna array that is formed by multiple first array elements and a second antenna array that is formed by multiple second array elements, the working frequency range of the first antenna array being at least partially identical to the working frequency range of the second antenna array; each first array element of the first antenna array and each second array element of the second antenna array are alternately distributed in sequence along the direction of a reference axis and do not interfere with one another; the transverse distance between the first array element and the reference axis as well as between the second array element and the reference axis is within the range of 0-0.3λ. The MIMO antenna array may reduce the gap between the widths of left and right boundaries of the first antenna array and the second antenna array so as to improve the symmetry of an image in the radiation direction such that the wave width convergence of half-power beam width is improved, and wave width is narrowed, while the front-to-back ratio and axial cross polarization are improved; furthermore, the windward area may be reduced so as to save antenna surface resources. Further provided by the present invention are a MIMO antenna and base station comprising the MIMO antenna array.

Description

MIMO天线阵列、MIMO天线及基站MIMO antenna array, MIMO antenna and base station 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及通信技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种MIMO天线阵列、MIMO天线及基站。The present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a MIMO antenna array, a MIMO antenna, and a base station.
背景技术Background technique
MIMO(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output)技术是一种多天线技术，即在无线通信系统的接收端和发射端分别配备有多个天线，使信号通过发射端与接收端的多个天线传送和接收，从而改善通信质量。该技术能充分利用空间资源，通过多个天线实现多发多收，在不增加频谱资源和天线发射功率的情况下，可以成倍的增加系统容量，被视为新一代移动通信的关键技术。MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) technology is a multi-antenna technology, that is, a plurality of antennas are respectively arranged at the receiving end and the transmitting end of the wireless communication system, so that signals are transmitted and received through multiple antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end. Thereby improving communication quality. The technology can make full use of space resources, realize multiple transmission and reception through multiple antennas, and can increase the system capacity by multiple times without increasing spectrum resources and antenna transmission power, and is regarded as a key technology for next-generation mobile communication.
在工程运用中，参照附图7所示，将现有MIMO天线阵列中从属于不同网络系统的两列天线阵列采用并排布局设计已成为本领域的共识，其目的是为了保证两个天线阵列之间保持较大的横向间距，以减小两个天线阵列之间的耦合；具体而言，现有的MIMO天线阵列必须保证两列天线阵列之间的横向间距大于0.6λ，相应的就会使两列天线阵列中至少有一列天线阵列与基准轴线Y 0之间的横向间距D1大于0.3λ；这样的结构会导致每列天线阵列分别相对于反射板300呈严重的不对称分布，即每列天线阵列的左右边界严重不对称，同时每列天线阵列的左右边界之间宽度差距很大，严重影响天线产品的性能，例如会造成每列天线阵列的辐射方向图不对称，两边前后比差且不对称，半功率波束宽度的波宽收敛性差，波宽宽，轴向差等弊端。 In the engineering application, referring to FIG. 7, it is a consensus in the art to adopt a side-by-side layout design of two columns of antenna arrays belonging to different network systems in the existing MIMO antenna array, and the purpose thereof is to ensure the two antenna arrays. Maintain a large lateral spacing to reduce the coupling between the two antenna arrays; in particular, the existing MIMO antenna array must ensure that the lateral spacing between the two columns of antenna arrays is greater than 0.6λ, correspondingly The lateral spacing D1 between at least one of the two antenna arrays and the reference axis Y 0 is greater than 0.3 λ; such a structure results in a severe asymmetric distribution of each column of antenna arrays relative to the reflector 300, ie, each column The left and right boundaries of the antenna array are severely asymmetrical, and the width difference between the left and right boundaries of each array of antenna arrays is large, which seriously affects the performance of the antenna products. For example, the radiation pattern of each column antenna array is asymmetric, and the front and back ratios are poor. Asymmetry, the half-power beam width has poor convergence, wide wave width, and axial difference.
以改善波宽收敛性为例，现有技术提出通过预置各个天线阵列中各辐射单元的幅度、相位权值等来实现目标波束覆盖(例如65°波束覆盖)。在实际应用过程中，一方面对各个辐射单元预置幅度相位权值操作复杂，且会消耗辐射能量，导致天线的覆盖方向图波束会发生偏移；另一方面能够达到的最佳波束 宽度约为56～75°，波宽收敛性仍较差。Taking the improvement of the convergence of the wave width as an example, the prior art proposes to achieve target beam coverage (for example, 65° beam coverage) by presetting the amplitude, phase weight, and the like of each radiating element in each antenna array. In the actual application process, on the one hand, the preset amplitude phase weights of each radiating element are complicated to operate, and the radiant energy is consumed, so that the coverage pattern beam of the antenna is offset; on the other hand, the optimal beam width can be achieved. For 56 to 75°, the wave width convergence is still poor.
由此可见，要解决现有MIMO天线所面临的上述诸多技术问题，困难较大。It can be seen that it is difficult to solve the above-mentioned many technical problems faced by the existing MIMO antenna.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了克服上述现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种MIMO天线阵列、MIMO天线及基站，旨在突破现有技术瓶颈，改善MIMO天线的电气性能，提高天线工作的可靠性。In order to overcome the above deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a MIMO antenna array, a MIMO antenna and a base station, which aims to break through the bottleneck of the prior art, improve the electrical performance of the MIMO antenna, and improve the reliability of the antenna operation.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的MIMO天线阵列采用的技术方案是：In order to solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the MIMO antenna array of the present invention is:
一种MIMO天线阵列，包括：A MIMO antenna array comprising:
由多个第一阵元形成的第一天线阵列和由多个第二阵元形成的第二天线阵列；a first antenna array formed by a plurality of first array elements and a second antenna array formed by a plurality of second array elements;
所述第一天线阵列的工作频段与所述第二天线阵列的工作频段至少部分相同；The working frequency band of the first antenna array is at least partially identical to the working frequency band of the second antenna array;
所述第一天线阵列的各所述第一阵元和所述第二天线阵列的各所述第二阵元沿基准轴线方向依次交替分布且互不干涉；Each of the first array elements of the first antenna array and each of the second array elements of the second antenna array are alternately arranged in the direction of the reference axis and do not interfere with each other;
若设所述第一天线阵列和所述第二天线阵列相同工作频段的中心波长为λ，则所述第一阵元与所述基准轴线之间以及所述第二阵元与所述基准轴线之间的横向间距均保持在0～0.3λ范围内。If the center wavelength of the same working frequency band of the first antenna array and the second antenna array is λ, between the first array element and the reference axis, and the second array element and the reference axis The lateral spacing between them is maintained in the range of 0 to 0.3 λ.
进一步的，所述第一天线阵列的各所述第一阵元及所述第二天线阵列的各所述第二阵元均分布于所述基准轴线上。Further, each of the first array elements of the first antenna array and each of the second array elements of the second antenna array are distributed on the reference axis.
进一步的，所述第一天线阵列的各所述第一阵元均分布于所述基准轴线上，所述第二天线阵列的各所述第二阵元偏设于所述基准轴线的同一侧或者沿垂直于所述基准轴线的不同方向交错设置；Further, each of the first array elements of the first antenna array are distributed on the reference axis, and each of the second array elements of the second antenna array is offset from the same side of the reference axis. Or staggered in different directions perpendicular to the reference axis;
或者；or;
所述第一天线阵列的各所述第一阵元沿第一参考轴线依次设置，所述第二天线阵列的各所述第二阵元沿第二参考轴线依次设置，所述第一参考轴线和所 述第二参考轴线分设于所述基准轴线的横向两侧并与所述基准轴线平行；Each of the first array elements of the first antenna array is sequentially disposed along a first reference axis, and each of the second array elements of the second antenna array is sequentially disposed along a second reference axis, the first reference axis And the second reference axis is disposed on two lateral sides of the reference axis and is parallel to the reference axis;
或者；or;
所述第一天线阵列的各所述第一阵元沿垂直于所述基准轴线的不同方向交错设置，且所述第二天线阵列的各所述第二阵元也沿着垂直于所述基准轴线的不同方向交错设置。Each of the first array elements of the first antenna array are staggered in different directions perpendicular to the reference axis, and each of the second array elements of the second antenna array is also perpendicular to the reference The different directions of the axes are staggered.
进一步的，在所述基准轴线方向上，相邻的两个所述第一阵元之间的纵向间距为0.7～1.1λ。Further, in the direction of the reference axis, the longitudinal spacing between two adjacent first array elements is 0.7 to 1.1 λ.
进一步的，在所述基准轴线方向上，相邻的两个所述第二阵元之间的纵向间距为0.7～1.1λ。Further, in the direction of the reference axis, a longitudinal spacing between two adjacent second array elements is 0.7 to 1.1 λ.
进一步的，在所述基准轴线方向上，各所述第一阵元和/或各所述第二阵元之间分别以相等的纵向间距排列。Further, in the direction of the reference axis, each of the first array elements and/or each of the second array elements are respectively arranged at equal longitudinal intervals.
进一步的，相对于所述基准轴线偏设的各所述第一阵元和/或各所述第二阵元与所述基准轴线之间的所述横向间距相等。Further, the lateral spacing between each of the first array elements and/or each of the second array elements offset from the reference axis and the reference axis is equal.
进一步的，所述第一阵元和所述第二阵元的数量相等。Further, the number of the first array element and the second array element are equal.
进一步的，所述第一阵元和/或所述第二阵元包括双极化辐射单元；所述双极化辐射单元为±45°极化元件或垂直/水平极化元件。Further, the first array element and/or the second array element comprise a dual polarized radiation unit; the dual polarized radiation unit is a ±45° polarized element or a vertical/horizontal polarized element.
进一步的，所述第一天线阵列包括作为所述第一阵元的多个第一辐射单元和作为所述第一阵元的多个第二辐射单元，结构相异的各所述第一辐射单元和各所述第二辐射单元沿所述基准轴线方向依次交替分布；Further, the first antenna array includes a plurality of first radiating units as the first array element and a plurality of second radiating units as the first array element, and each of the first radiations having different structures The unit and each of the second radiating elements are alternately arranged in the order of the reference axis;
所述第二天线阵列包括作为所述第二阵元的多个第三辐射单元和作为所述第二阵元的多个第四辐射单元，结构相异的各所述第三辐射单元和各所述第四辐射单元沿所述基准轴线方向依次交替分布。The second antenna array includes a plurality of third radiating elements as the second array element and a plurality of fourth radiating elements as the second array element, each of the third radiating elements and each having a different structure The fourth radiating elements are alternately arranged in the order of the reference axis.
本发明的MIMO天线采用的技术方案是：The technical solution adopted by the MIMO antenna of the present invention is:
一种MIMO天线，包括反射板和上述MIMO天线阵列，所述MIMO天线阵列设于所述反射板上，所述基准轴线为所述反射板的轴对称线。A MIMO antenna includes a reflector and the MIMO antenna array, the MIMO antenna array is disposed on the reflector, and the reference axis is an axisymmetric line of the reflector.
本发明提供的基站，包括上述MIMO天线。The base station provided by the present invention includes the above MIMO antenna.
基于上述技术方案，本发明的MIMO天线阵列、MIMO天线及基站相对于现有技术至少具有以下有益效果：Based on the foregoing technical solutions, the MIMO antenna array, the MIMO antenna, and the base station of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects with respect to the prior art:
通过将第一天线阵列的工作频段与所述第二天线阵列的工作频段设置成至少部分相同，沿基准轴线方向分布的第一阵元与基准轴线之间以及沿基准轴线方向分布的第二阵元与所述基准轴线之间的横向间距均保持在0～0.3λ范围内，不仅能同时缩小第一天线阵列和第二天线阵列的左右边界宽度之间差距，从而能在一定程度上同时提高第一天线阵列和第二天线阵列的左右边界对称性，进而改善第一天线阵列和第二天线阵列的辐射方向图对称性，并使半功率波束宽度的波宽收敛性较好、波宽变窄，前后比和轴向交叉极化也能得到明显改善；还能缩小迎风面积、节省了天面资源；此外，采用第一阵元、第二阵元交替分布的排列形式还有利于整个MIMO天线阵列在反射板上具有紧凑的结构尺寸，并降低天线阵列方向图中的垂直面副瓣能量，使得各天线阵列的垂直面副瓣能量能够相互抵消；MIMO天线的整体性能提升，应用前景广阔。By arranging the operating frequency band of the first antenna array and the operating frequency band of the second antenna array to be at least partially identical, a second array distributed between the first array element and the reference axis distributed along the reference axis direction and along the reference axis direction The lateral spacing between the element and the reference axis is maintained in the range of 0 to 0.3 λ, which not only reduces the difference between the widths of the left and right boundaries of the first antenna array and the second antenna array, but can also be improved to some extent. The left and right boundary symmetry of the first antenna array and the second antenna array, thereby improving the radiation pattern symmetry of the first antenna array and the second antenna array, and making the half-power beam width have better convergence and the wave width Narrow, front-to-back ratio and axial cross-polarization can also be significantly improved; it can also reduce the windward area and save the surface resources; in addition, the arrangement of the first array element and the second array element alternately facilitates the whole MIMO. The antenna array has a compact structural size on the reflector and reduces the vertical sidelobe energy in the antenna array pattern such that the vertical plane of each antenna array The sidelobe energy can cancel each other out; the overall performance of the MIMO antenna is improved, and the application prospect is broad.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1为本发明实施例提供的MIMO天线阵列的第一种结构示意图；1 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of a MIMO antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明实施例提供的MIMO天线阵列的第二种结构示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a MIMO antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为本发明实施例提供的MIMO天线阵列的第三种结构示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of a MIMO antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例提供的MIMO天线阵列的第四种结构示意图；4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth structure of a MIMO antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图5为本发明实施例提供的MIMO天线阵列的第五种结构示意图；FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth structure of a MIMO antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
图6为图1所示MIMO天线阵列的仿真结果图；6 is a simulation result diagram of the MIMO antenna array shown in FIG. 1;
图7为现有MIMO天线阵列的结构示意图；7 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional MIMO antenna array;
图8为图7所示MIMO天线阵列的仿真结果图；8 is a simulation result diagram of the MIMO antenna array shown in FIG. 7;
附图标号说明：Description of the reference numerals:
100：第一天线阵列；101：第一阵元；200：第二天线阵列；201：第二阵元；300：反射板；Y 0：基准轴线；Y 1：第一参考轴线；Y 2：第二参考轴线； d1：横向间距；d2：纵向间距；D1：现有MIMO天线阵列中阵元相对于基准轴线的横向间距；D2：现有MIMO天线阵列中相邻阵元间的纵向间距。 100: first antenna array; 101: first array element; 200: second antenna array; 201: second array element; 300: reflection plate; Y 0 : reference axis; Y 1 : first reference axis; Y 2 : Second reference axis; d1: lateral spacing; d2: longitudinal spacing; D1: lateral spacing of array elements in the existing MIMO antenna array relative to the reference axis; D2: longitudinal spacing between adjacent elements in the existing MIMO antenna array.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”或“设于”另一个元件上时，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者可能同时存在居中元件。当一个元件被称为是“连接”另一个元件，它同样也可以是直接连接另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。It is to be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed" or "in" another element, it can be directly on the other element or the central element. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can also be directly connected to the other element.
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining "first" and "second" may include one or more of the features either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless specifically and specifically defined otherwise.
此外，术语“长度”、“宽度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“横向”、“纵向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。In addition, the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom" The orientation or positional relationship of the indications "inside", "outside", "transverse", "longitudinal", etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for the purpose of describing the invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or It is to be understood that the device or elements referred to have a particular orientation, are constructed and operated in a particular orientation and are therefore not to be construed as limiting.
参照图1至图5所示，本发明实施例提供的一种MIMO天线阵列，包括：Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, a MIMO antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
由多个第一阵元101(未细示，参阅交叉线所示)形成的第一天线阵列100和由多个第二阵元201(未细示，参阅圆圈所示)形成的第二天线阵列200；a first antenna array 100 formed by a plurality of first array elements 101 (not shown, see cross-hatching) and a second antenna formed by a plurality of second array elements 201 (not shown, see circle) Array 200;
第一天线阵列100的工作频段与第二天线阵列200的工作频段至少部分相同；The operating frequency band of the first antenna array 100 is at least partially identical to the operating frequency band of the second antenna array 200;
第一天线阵列100的各第一阵元101及第二天线阵列200的各第二阵元201 沿基准轴线Y 0方向依次交替分布且互不干涉； Each of the first array elements 101 of the first antenna array 100 and the second array elements 201 of the second antenna array 200 are alternately arranged in the order of the reference axis Y 0 and do not interfere with each other;
若设第一天线阵列100和第二天线阵列200相同工作频段的中心波长为λ，则第一阵元101与基准轴线Y 0之间以及第二阵元201与基准轴线Y 0之间的横向间距d1均保持在0～0.3λ范围内。 If the center wavelength of the same operating frequency band of the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 is λ, the horizontal direction between the first array element 101 and the reference axis Y 0 and between the second array element 201 and the reference axis Y 0 The spacing d1 is maintained in the range of 0 to 0.3 λ.
上述MIMO天线阵列，通过将第一天线阵列100的工作频段与第二天线阵列200的工作频段设置成至少部分相同，沿基准轴线Y 0方向分布的第一阵元101与基准轴线Y 0之间以及沿基准轴线Y 0分布的第二阵元201与基准轴线Y 0之间的横向间距d1均可保持在0～0.3λ范围内，相对于现有MIMO天线阵列而言，不仅能同时缩小第一天线阵列100和第二天线阵列200的左右边界宽度之间差距，从而能在一定程度上同时提高第一天线阵列100和第二天线阵列200的左右边界对称性，进而改善第一天线阵列100和第二天线阵列200的辐射方向图对称性，并使半功率波束宽度的波宽收敛性较好、波宽变窄，前后比和轴向交叉极化也能得到明显改善；还能缩小迎风面积、节省天面资源；此外，采用第一阵元101、第二阵元201交替分布的排列形式还有利于整个MIMO天线阵列在反射板300上具有紧凑的结构尺寸。 The MIMO antenna array is configured to set the working frequency band of the first antenna array 100 and the operating frequency band of the second antenna array 200 to be at least partially identical, and between the first array element 101 and the reference axis Y 0 distributed along the reference axis Y 0 direction. and a second array element 201 and 0 lateral spacing d1 between the axis Y along the reference axis Y 0 reference distribution can be maintained in the range of 0 ~ 0.3λ, with respect to conventional MIMO antenna array, not only can be reduced while the first The difference between the widths of the left and right boundaries of the antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 can improve the left and right boundary symmetry of the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 to some extent, thereby improving the first antenna array 100. Symmetry with the radiation pattern of the second antenna array 200, and the convergence of the half-power beam width is better, the wave width is narrowed, and the front-rear ratio and the axial cross-polarization can be significantly improved; The area and the saving of the surface resources; in addition, the arrangement in which the first array element 101 and the second array element 201 are alternately distributed also facilitates the compact structure of the entire MIMO antenna array on the reflection plate 300. Inch.
应理解的是，上述第一天线阵列100和第二天线阵列200分别从属于不同的网络系统；上述第一阵元101和第二阵元201的结构可以相同，也可以不同。It should be understood that the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 are respectively subordinate to different network systems; the structures of the first array element 101 and the second array element 201 may be the same or different.
需要说明的是，上述基准轴线Y 0为虚设参考线，并且在实际应用中，该基准轴线Y 0为反射板300的轴对称线，即反射板300关于该基准轴线Y 0对称。上述各第一阵元101和各第二阵元201互不干涉具体指的是当各第一阵元101和各第二阵元201安装在反射板300上时，任意第一阵元101与任意第二阵元201在反射板300的上的正投影相互之间、任意相邻第一阵元101在反射板300上的正投影相互之间、任意相邻第二阵元201在反射板300上的正投影相互之间均无干涉。 It should be noted that the above reference axis Y 0 is a dummy reference line, and in practical applications, the reference axis Y 0 is an axisymmetric line of the reflection plate 300, that is, the reflection plate 300 is symmetrical about the reference axis Y 0 . The first array element 101 and each of the second array elements 201 do not interfere with each other. Specifically, when each of the first array elements 101 and the second array elements 201 are mounted on the reflection plate 300, any first array element 101 and Orthographic projection of any second array element 201 on the reflective plate 300, orthographic projection of any adjacent first array element 101 on the reflective plate 300, and any adjacent second array element 201 on the reflective plate The orthographic projections on 300 have no interference with each other.
作为本发明的一个优选实施例，参照图1，第一天线阵列100的各第一阵元101及第二天线阵列200的各第二阵元201均分布于基准轴线Y 0上。即：第 一天线阵列100与第二天线阵列200采用同轴设置。采用这种排列形式可使第一天线阵列100和第二天线阵列200设置在反射板300上时，各第一阵元101和各第二阵元201均相对于反射板300呈对称分布，各第一阵元101和各第二阵元201的左右边界均对称，从而使第一天线阵列100和第二天线阵列200的辐射方向图水平对称，半功率波束宽度的波宽收敛性、波宽窄、天线增益、前后比及轴向交叉极化均能达到最佳水平，同时能大幅缩小迎风面积、节省大量天面资源，使MIMO天线的可靠性大幅提升。 As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 1, each of the first array elements 101 of the first antenna array 100 and the second array elements 201 of the second antenna array 200 are distributed on the reference axis Y 0 . That is, the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 are disposed coaxially. When the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 are disposed on the reflector 300, the first array element 101 and each of the second array elements 201 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the reflection plate 300. The left and right boundaries of the first array element 101 and each of the second array elements 201 are symmetric, so that the radiation patterns of the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 are horizontally symmetrical, and the half-power beam width has a wide wavelength convergence and a narrow wave width. Antenna gain, front-to-back ratio and axial cross-polarization can reach the optimal level. At the same time, the windward area can be greatly reduced, and a large amount of surface resources can be saved, so that the reliability of the MIMO antenna is greatly improved.
需要说明的是，现有技术中虽然存在将两个天线阵列采用同轴设置的排列形式，但是，采用该同轴排列形式实际上是现有的双频或多频天线常用的技术手段，并且在采用同轴排列形式时将两个天线阵列设置为工作频段完全不同已成为本领域的共识。本发明实施例克服现有技术偏见将第一天线阵列100的工作频段与第二天线阵列200的工作频段设置成至少部分相同，通过多次试验发现，对提升天线的各项性能指标具有较好的效果；在此基础上，工作频段的带宽均小于20％，能进一步提升天线的各项性能指标。It should be noted that although there are arrangements in which the two antenna arrays are coaxially arranged in the prior art, the coaxial arrangement is actually a common technical means for existing dual-frequency or multi-frequency antennas, and It has become a consensus in the art to set two antenna arrays to completely different operating bands when using a coaxial arrangement. The embodiment of the present invention overcomes the prior art bias to set the working frequency band of the first antenna array 100 and the working frequency band of the second antenna array 200 to be at least partially identical. Through multiple experiments, it is found that the performance indexes of the lifting antenna are better. The effect; on this basis, the bandwidth of the working frequency band is less than 20%, which can further improve the performance indexes of the antenna.
在实际应用中，上述工作频段的带宽可进一步设置成小于16％。In practical applications, the bandwidth of the above working frequency band can be further set to less than 16%.
参照图8所示是由图7示出的现有MIMO天线阵列提供的仿真结果图；参照图6所示是由图1示出的MIMO天线阵列提供的仿真结果图，其中第一天线阵列100的工作频段与第二天线阵列200的工作频段相同。下面根据图8和图6的仿真结果，通过表格1对采用图1所示本发明实施例MIMO天线阵列(下称实施例)相对于图7所示现有MIMO天线阵列(下称对比例)的优点进行详细对比说明。8 is a simulation result diagram provided by the conventional MIMO antenna array shown in FIG. 7; FIG. 6 is a simulation result diagram provided by the MIMO antenna array shown in FIG. 1, in which the first antenna array 100 is shown. The working frequency band is the same as the operating frequency band of the second antenna array 200. According to the simulation results of FIG. 8 and FIG. 6, the MIMO antenna array (hereinafter referred to as an embodiment) using the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is compared with the existing MIMO antenna array shown in FIG. 7 (hereinafter referred to as a comparative example). The advantages are detailed and compared.
表格1：Table 1:
对比参数Comparison parameter 对比例Comparative example 实施例Example
半功率波束宽度Half power beamwidth 72.4°～77.9°72.4° to 77.9° 63°～64°63°～64°
前后比(dB)Front to back ratio (dB) 20.520.5 25.825.8
±60°轴向交叉极化(dB)±60° axial cross polarization (dB) 15.615.6 30.730.7
上述表格1对比结果表明，采用图1所示的MIMO天线阵列，半功率波束宽度为63°～64°，相对于现有技术而言波宽收敛性很好、波宽变窄；前后比和±60°轴向交叉极化明显改善。The comparison result of Table 1 above shows that the MIMO antenna array shown in FIG. 1 has a half-power beam width of 63° to 64°, and the wave width is excellent in convergence and the wave width is narrowed compared with the prior art; The ±60° axial cross polarization is significantly improved.
更重要的是，经申请人多次试验得知，采用图1所示MIMO天线阵列还能使迎风面积缩小约50％，节省了天面资源，使天线的可靠性大幅提升。More importantly, the applicant has repeatedly tested that the MIMO antenna array shown in Figure 1 can reduce the windward area by about 50%, saving the surface resources and greatly improving the reliability of the antenna.
此外，在保证第一天线阵列100的工作频段与第二天线阵列200的工作频段设置成至少部分相同，沿基准轴线Y 0方向分布的第一阵元101与基准轴线Y 0之间以及沿基准轴线Y 0分布的第二阵元201与基准轴线Y 0之间的横向间距d1均可保持在0～0.3λ范围内的前提下；上述第一天线阵列100和第二天线阵列200也可以采用不同轴设置的排列形式，具体可包括以下几种排列形式： In addition, it is ensured that the operating frequency band of the first antenna array 100 is at least partially identical to the operating frequency band of the second antenna array 200, and between the first array element 101 and the reference axis Y 0 distributed along the reference axis Y 0 direction and along the reference The lateral spacing d1 between the second array element 201 of the axis Y 0 distribution and the reference axis Y 0 can be maintained within the range of 0 to 0.3 λ; the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 can also be used. The arrangement of different axis settings may specifically include the following types of arrangement:
作为本发明的一个实施例，参照图2所示，第一天线阵列100的各第一阵元分布于基准轴线Y 0上，第二天线阵列200的各第二阵元沿垂直于基准轴线Y 0的同一方向交替错开设置的排列形式。 As an embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 2, each first array of the first antenna array 100 is distributed on the reference axis Y 0 , and each second array of the second antenna array 200 is perpendicular to the reference axis Y. The same direction of 0 alternates the arrangement of the settings.
作为本发明的一个实施例，参照图3所示，第一天线阵列100的各第一阵元分布于基准轴线Y 0上，第二天线阵列200的各第二阵元沿垂直于基准轴线Y 0的不同方向交替错开设置的排列形式。 As an embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 3, each first array of the first antenna array 100 is distributed on the reference axis Y 0 , and each second array of the second antenna array 200 is perpendicular to the reference axis Y. The different directions of 0 alternately stagger the arrangement of the settings.
作为本发明的一个实施例，参照图4所示，第一天线阵列100的各第一阵元沿第一参考轴线Y 1依次设置，第二天线阵列200的各第二阵元沿第二参考轴线Y 2依次设置，第一参考轴线Y 1和第二参考轴线Y 2分设于基准轴线Y 0的横向两侧并与基准轴线Y 0平行。应当理解的是，在本实施例中，第一参考轴线Y 1与基准轴线Y 0之间的横向间距d1为0＜d1≤0.3λ，同理，第二参考轴线Y 2与基准轴线Y 0之间的横向间距d1也为0＜d1≤0.3λ。 As an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to FIG. 4, each of the first antenna array element 100 of the first array along a first reference axis Y 1 are sequentially arranged, each of the second array antenna array element 200 in the second reference axis Y 2 are sequentially disposed, a first reference axis and a second reference axis Y 1 Y is divided to the reference axis Y 2 0 and the lateral sides parallel to the reference axis Y 0. It should be understood that, in the present embodiment, the lateral spacing d1 between the first reference axis Y 1 and the reference axis Y 0 is 0 < d1 ≤ 0.3λ, and similarly, the second reference axis Y 2 and the reference axis Y 0 The lateral spacing d1 between them is also 0 < d1 ≤ 0.3λ.
作为本发明的一个实施例，参照图5所示，第一天线阵列100的各第一阵元101沿垂直于基准轴线Y 0的不同方向交错设置，且第二天线阵列200的各第二阵元201也沿着垂直于基准轴线Y 0的不同方向交错设置。同样以上述分设于基准轴线Y 0两侧的第一参考轴线Y 1和第二参考轴线Y 2进行说明，在本实施例 中，第一参考轴线Y 1上交替分布有第一阵元101和第二阵元201，第二参考轴线Y 2上也交替分布有第一阵元101和第二阵元201，任意两个相邻的第一阵元101分别位于不同的参考轴线上，任意两个相邻的第二阵元201也分别位于不同的参考轴线上。 As an embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 5, each of the first array elements 101 of the first antenna array 100 are staggered in different directions perpendicular to the reference axis Y 0 , and each second array of the second antenna array 200 The elements 201 are also staggered along different directions perpendicular to the reference axis Y 0 . Similarly, the first reference axis Y 1 and the second reference axis Y 2 disposed on both sides of the reference axis Y 0 are described above. In the embodiment, the first array element 101 and the first array element 101 are alternately distributed on the first reference axis Y 1 and The second array element 201, the second array axis Y 2 is also alternately distributed with the first array element 101 and the second array element 201, and any two adjacent first array elements 101 are respectively located on different reference axes, any two The adjacent second array elements 201 are also located on different reference axes, respectively.
上述图2至图5所示排列形式相对于图7所示现有技术中将第一天线阵列100和第二天线阵列200以相对于基准轴线Y 0对称的方式并排设置而言，除具有更好的电气性能外，还有利于缩小MIMO天线阵列横向的宽度，具有更紧凑的结构尺寸。 The arrangement shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5 described above is arranged side by side with respect to the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 symmetrically arranged with respect to the reference axis Y 0 in the prior art shown in FIG. In addition to good electrical performance, it also helps to reduce the lateral width of the MIMO antenna array, and has a more compact structure size.
作为本发明的一个优选实施例，在基准轴线Y 0方向上，相邻的两个第一阵元101之间的纵向间距d2为0.7～1.1λ。该纵向间距d2相对于图7所示现有MIMO天线阵列中任意天线阵列中相邻两个阵元之间的纵向间距D2略大，这样的设置能够有效的优化天线垂直面副瓣电平，并且在不增加第一天线阵列100与第二天线阵列200的安装难度和成本的同时，还可以优化阵列之间的隔离度，减少了列间耦合，相应的降低了去耦的难度和成本，使MIMO天线的电气性能和工作可靠性更好。 As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the longitudinal spacing d2 between two adjacent first array elements 101 in the direction of the reference axis Y 0 is 0.7 to 1.1 λ. The longitudinal spacing d2 is slightly larger than the longitudinal spacing D2 between adjacent two array elements in any of the antenna arrays shown in FIG. 7, such an arrangement can effectively optimize the vertical plane sidelobe level of the antenna. Moreover, while the installation difficulty and cost of the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 are not increased, the isolation between the arrays can be optimized, the coupling between the columns is reduced, and the difficulty and cost of decoupling are correspondingly reduced. Make the MIMO antenna better in electrical performance and operational reliability.
需要说明的是，上述纵向间距d2具体指的是两个阵元的几何中心之间的纵向间距d2。上述λ同样指的是各第一阵元101和第二阵元201相同工作频段的中心波长。It should be noted that the above-mentioned longitudinal spacing d2 specifically refers to the longitudinal spacing d2 between the geometric centers of the two array elements. The above λ also refers to the center wavelength of the same operating frequency band of each of the first array element 101 and the second array element 201.
在实际应用时，上述第一天线阵列100和第二天线阵列200的工作频段优选完全相同。In practical applications, the operating frequency bands of the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200 are preferably identical.
同理，在基准轴线Y 0方向上，相邻的两个第二阵元201之间的纵向间距d2也为0.7～1.1λ，在此不作详述。 Similarly, in the direction of the reference axis Y 0 , the longitudinal spacing d2 between the adjacent two second array elements 201 is also 0.7 to 1.1 λ, which will not be described in detail herein.
作为本发明的一个优选实施例，在基准轴线Y 0方向上，各第一阵元101和/或各第二阵元201之间以相等的纵向间距d2排列。即：在实际应用中，第一天线阵列100的各第一阵元101之间优选以相等的纵向间距d2排列；同样的，第二天线阵列200的各第二阵元201之间也优选以相等的纵向间距d2排列；以 进一步优化副瓣电平。为了更加方便安装，容易理解的是，在基准轴线Y 0方向上，使交替设置的各第一阵元101和各第二阵元201以相等的纵向间距d2排列，即任意两个相邻的第一阵元101与第二阵元201之间的纵向间距d2相等。当然，根据不同的覆盖频段要求、增益需求以及辐射性能需求，采用等间距排列方式或者不采用等间距排列方式都是比较简单而容易的，在此可不做限制。 As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the first array elements 101 and/or each of the second array elements 201 is arranged at an equal longitudinal pitch d2 in the direction of the reference axis Y 0 . That is, in practical applications, the first array elements 101 of the first antenna array 100 are preferably arranged with an equal longitudinal spacing d2. Similarly, the second array elements 201 of the second antenna array 200 are also preferably Equal longitudinal spacing d2 is arranged; to further optimize the sidelobe level. In order to facilitate the installation, it is easy to understand that in the direction of the reference axis Y 0 , the first array elements 101 and the second array elements 201 which are alternately arranged are arranged at equal longitudinal intervals d2, that is, any two adjacent ones. The longitudinal spacing d2 between the first array element 101 and the second array element 201 is equal. Of course, according to different coverage frequency requirements, gain requirements, and radiation performance requirements, it is relatively simple and easy to use an equally spaced arrangement or an equal spacing arrangement, and no limitation is imposed herein.
作为本发明的一个优选实施例，相对于基准轴线Y 0偏设的各第一阵元101和/或各第二阵元201与基准轴线Y 0之间的横向间距d1相等。当采用图2所示排列形式(具体参照之前的描述)时，各第二阵元201与基准轴线Y 0之间的横向间距d1相等，第一天线阵列100的各第一阵元101同轴分布且第二天线阵列200的各第二阵元201同轴分布，有利于降低安装难度和成本。当采用图3所示排列形式(具体参照之前的描述)时，各第二阵元201与基准轴线Y 0之间的横向间距d1相等，有利于改善第二天线阵列200左右边界的对称性，进而改善第二天线阵列200的辐射方向图对称性。当采用图4所示排列形式(具体参照之前的描述)时，第一参考轴线Y 1与基准轴线Y 0之间的横向间距d1等于第二参考轴线Y 2与基准轴线Y 0之间的横向间距d1，第一天线阵列100的各第一阵元101同轴分布且第二天线阵列200的各第二阵元201同轴分布，有利于降低安装难度和成本。当采用图5所示排列形式(具体参照之前的描述)时，第一参考轴线Y 1与基准轴线Y 0之间的横向间距d1等于第二参考轴线Y 2与基准轴线Y 0之间的横向间距d1，有利于改善第一天线阵列100左右边界的对称性以及第二天线阵列200左右边界的对称性，进而改善第一天线阵列100和第二天线阵列200的辐射方向图对称性，且相对于图1所示排列方式而言，能进一步压缩波宽，提高列间耦合度。 As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, with respect to the lateral spacing d1 is equal to the reference axis Y 0 between the biasing element disposed in each of the first array 101 and / or 201 of each array element with a second reference axis Y 0. When the arrangement shown in FIG. 2 is used (refer to the foregoing description in detail), the lateral spacing d1 between the second array elements 201 and the reference axis Y 0 is equal, and the first array elements 101 of the first antenna array 100 are coaxial. The second array elements 201 of the second antenna array 200 are distributed and distributed coaxially, which is advantageous for reducing installation difficulty and cost. When the arrangement shown in FIG. 3 is used (refer to the foregoing description in detail), the lateral spacing d1 between the second array elements 201 and the reference axis Y 0 is equal, which is advantageous for improving the symmetry of the left and right boundaries of the second antenna array 200. The radiation pattern symmetry of the second antenna array 200 is further improved. When arranged in the form shown in FIG. 4 (previously described with reference to particular), the lateral spacing d1 between the first reference axis and the reference axis Y 1 Y 0 is equal to the second reference axis Y and the transverse direction between the reference axis Y 0 The spacing d1, the first array elements 101 of the first antenna array 100 are coaxially distributed, and the second array elements 201 of the second antenna array 200 are coaxially distributed, which is advantageous for reducing installation difficulty and cost. When arranged as shown in FIG. 5 in the form of (previously described with reference to particular), a first reference axis Y between a lateral spacing d1 and the reference axis Y 0 is equal to the second reference axis Y and the transverse direction between the reference axis Y 0 The spacing d1 is advantageous for improving the symmetry of the left and right boundaries of the first antenna array 100 and the symmetry of the left and right boundaries of the second antenna array 200, thereby improving the radiation pattern symmetry of the first antenna array 100 and the second antenna array 200, and In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, the wave width can be further compressed to improve the degree of coupling between the columns.
作为本发明的一个优选实施例，该MIMO天线阵列中第一天线阵列100所包括的第一阵元101的数量与第二天线阵列200所包括的第二阵元201的数量相等。具体在本实施例中，第一天线阵列100包括六个第一阵元101，第二天线阵列200包括六个第二阵元201。当然，也可根据实际用中MIMO天线的水 平波束宽度、垂直波束宽度及增益需求等来设定。因此，本发明实施例中所涉及到的第一阵元101和第二阵元201的数量，只是为了举例说明本发明的具体实施方案，并不能对MIMO天线阵列及MIMO天线在结构上构成任何限定。As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of first array elements 101 included in the first antenna array 100 in the MIMO antenna array is equal to the number of second array elements 201 included in the second antenna array 200. Specifically, in the embodiment, the first antenna array 100 includes six first array elements 101, and the second antenna array 200 includes six second array elements 201. Of course, it can also be set according to the horizontal beam width, vertical beam width, and gain requirement of the MIMO antenna in actual use. Therefore, the number of the first array element 101 and the second array element 201 involved in the embodiment of the present invention is only for exemplifying the specific embodiment of the present invention, and cannot constitute any structure on the MIMO antenna array and the MIMO antenna. limited.
作为本发明的一个优选实施例，第一阵元101和/或第二阵元201包括双极化辐射单元。采用双极化辐射单元，有利于提高通信性能稳定性。As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first array element 101 and/or the second array element 201 comprise dual polarized radiation elements. The use of dual-polarized radiating elements is beneficial to improve the stability of communication performance.
具体在本实施例中，上述双极化辐射单元可以是常见的±45°极化元件，也可以是垂直/水平极化元件，此处不做限制。Specifically, in the embodiment, the dual-polarized radiating element may be a common ±45° polarizing element or a vertical/horizontal polarizing element, which is not limited herein.
上述第一阵元101和/或第二阵元201既可以是具有三维空间立体结构设置形式，也可以采用现有的平面印刷辐射单元(例如微带振子)、贴片振子或半波振子等；也可以是上述任意类型的天线振子的组合。当采用三维空间立体结构设置时，上述第一阵元101和第二阵元201的形状可以是口字形、菱形、圆形、椭圆形、十字交叉形等，根据实际需要可以灵活选择。The first array element 101 and/or the second array element 201 may have a three-dimensional spatial stereoscopic structure, or may be a conventional planar printed radiation unit (for example, a microstrip oscillator), a patch oscillator, or a half-wave oscillator. It can also be a combination of any of the above types of antenna elements. When the three-dimensional three-dimensional structure is used, the shapes of the first array element 101 and the second array element 201 may be a square shape, a diamond shape, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a cross shape, etc., and can be flexibly selected according to actual needs.
在实际应用时，一种可选的结构是，上述第一天线阵列100的各第一阵元101可采用结构相同的辐射单元，以简化安装。另一种可选的结构是，第一天线阵列100中包括结构不同的两种辐射单元，即上述第一天线阵列100包括作为第一阵元101的多个第一辐射单元和作为第一阵元101的多个第二辐射单元，结构相异的各第一辐射单元和各第二辐射单元沿基准轴线Y 0方向交替分布；这样的结构有利于降低列间耦合度，从而提高列间隔离。 In an actual application, an optional structure is that each of the first array elements 101 of the first antenna array 100 can adopt the same radiating unit to simplify the installation. Another optional structure is that the first antenna array 100 includes two types of radiating elements having different structures, that is, the first antenna array 100 includes a plurality of first radiating elements as the first array element 101 and serves as the first array. a plurality of second radiating elements of the element 101, each of the first radiating elements and the second radiating elements having different structures are alternately distributed along the reference axis Y 0 direction; such a structure is advantageous for reducing the coupling degree between the columns, thereby improving the inter-column isolation .
同理，上述第二天线阵列200中的各第二阵元201也可采用结构相同的辐射单元，以简化安装；或者，第二天线阵列200包括作为第二阵元201的多个第三辐射单元和作为第二阵元201的多个第四辐射单元，结构相异的各第三辐射单元和各第四辐射单元沿基准轴线Y 0方向交替分布；在此不赘述。 Similarly, each of the second array elements 201 in the second antenna array 200 may also adopt the same radiating unit to simplify the installation; or the second antenna array 200 includes a plurality of third radiations as the second array element 201. The unit and the plurality of fourth radiating elements as the second array element 201, the third radiating elements and the fourth radiating elements having different structures are alternately distributed along the reference axis Y 0 direction; details are not described herein.
本发明实施例还提供了一种MIMO天线，包括反射板300和上述MIMO天线阵列，MIMO天线阵列设于反射板300上，基准轴线Y 0为反射板300的轴对称线。 The embodiment of the present invention further provides a MIMO antenna, including a reflector 300 and the MIMO antenna array. The MIMO antenna array is disposed on the reflector 300, and the reference axis Y 0 is an axisymmetric line of the reflector 300.
上述第一天线阵列100的各第一阵元101和上述第二天线阵列200的第二 阵元201设置在反射板300的同侧。The first array elements 101 of the first antenna array 100 and the second array elements 201 of the second antenna array 200 are disposed on the same side of the reflection plate 300.
具体在本实施例中，上述第一天线阵列100中的部分或全部第一阵元101可通过绝缘模块(未示出)设置在反射板300上；相应的，第二天线阵列200中的部分或全部第二阵元201也可通过绝缘模块设置在反射板300上。绝缘模块可起到安装底座的作用，第一阵元101、第二阵元201设置在该绝缘模块上，方便拆卸，同时绝缘模块的绝缘特性可有效地避免各个阵元间因电流传导产生的干扰，从而有利于提高天线通信的稳定性。Specifically, in this embodiment, some or all of the first array elements 101 in the first antenna array 100 may be disposed on the reflective plate 300 through an insulating module (not shown); correspondingly, portions of the second antenna array 200 Or all of the second array elements 201 may also be disposed on the reflective plate 300 through the insulating module. The insulating module can function as a mounting base. The first array element 101 and the second array element 201 are disposed on the insulating module for convenient disassembly, and the insulating property of the insulating module can effectively avoid the current conduction between the respective array elements. Interference, which is beneficial to improve the stability of antenna communication.
本发明实施例还提供了一种基站，包括上述MIMO天线。An embodiment of the present invention further provides a base station, including the foregoing MIMO antenna.
上述MIMO天线及基站由于与本发明MIMO天线阵列实施例基于同一构思，其带来的技术效果与本发明MIMO天线阵列实施例相同，具体内容可参见本发明MIMO天线阵列实施例中的叙述，此处不再赘述。The above MIMO antenna and the base station are based on the same concept as the MIMO antenna array embodiment of the present invention, and the technical effects thereof are the same as those of the MIMO antenna array embodiment of the present invention. For details, refer to the description of the MIMO antenna array embodiment of the present invention. I won't go into details here.
需要说明的是，上述MIMO天线及基站还设有移相系统、合路器及赋形网络等其他所需的元件、结构或系统，这些元件、结构或系统均是在现有技术中常见的，因此不作详述。It should be noted that the above MIMO antenna and base station are further provided with other required components, structures or systems such as a phase shifting system, a combiner and a shaping network, and these components, structures or systems are common in the prior art. Therefore, it will not be described in detail.
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalents, and improvements made within the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Inside.

Claims (12)

  1. 一种MIMO天线阵列，其特征在于，包括：A MIMO antenna array, comprising:
    由多个第一阵元形成的第一天线阵列和由多个第二阵元形成的第二天线阵列；a first antenna array formed by a plurality of first array elements and a second antenna array formed by a plurality of second array elements;
    所述第一天线阵列的工作频段与所述第二天线阵列的工作频段至少部分相同；The working frequency band of the first antenna array is at least partially identical to the working frequency band of the second antenna array;
    所述第一天线阵列的各所述第一阵元和所述第二天线阵列的各所述第二阵元沿基准轴线方向依次交替分布且互不干涉；Each of the first array elements of the first antenna array and each of the second array elements of the second antenna array are alternately arranged in the direction of the reference axis and do not interfere with each other;
    若设所述第一天线阵列和所述第二天线阵列相同工作频段的中心波长为λ，则所述第一阵元与所述基准轴线之间以及所述第二阵元与所述基准轴线之间的横向间距均保持在0～0.3λ范围内。If the center wavelength of the same working frequency band of the first antenna array and the second antenna array is λ, between the first array element and the reference axis, and the second array element and the reference axis The lateral spacing between them is maintained in the range of 0 to 0.3 λ.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的MIMO天线阵列，其特征在于，所述第一天线阵列的各所述第一阵元及所述第二天线阵列的各所述第二阵元均分布于所述基准轴线上。The MIMO antenna array according to claim 1, wherein each of said first array elements of said first antenna array and said second array elements of said second antenna array are distributed over said reference On the axis.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的MIMO天线阵列，其特征在于，The MIMO antenna array according to claim 1, wherein
    所述第一天线阵列的各所述第一阵元均分布于所述基准轴线上，所述第二天线阵列的各所述第二阵元偏设于所述基准轴线的同一侧或者沿垂直于所述基准轴线的不同方向交错设置；Each of the first array elements of the first antenna array is distributed on the reference axis, and each of the second array elements of the second antenna array is biased on the same side of the reference axis or along a vertical Staggered in different directions of the reference axis;
    或者；or;
    所述第一天线阵列的各所述第一阵元沿第一参考轴线依次设置，所述第二天线阵列的各所述第二阵元沿第二参考轴线依次设置，所述第一参考轴线和所述第二参考轴线分设于所述基准轴线的横向两侧并与所述基准轴线平行；Each of the first array elements of the first antenna array is sequentially disposed along a first reference axis, and each of the second array elements of the second antenna array is sequentially disposed along a second reference axis, the first reference axis And the second reference axis is disposed on two lateral sides of the reference axis and is parallel to the reference axis;
    或者；or;
    所述第一天线阵列的各所述第一阵元沿垂直于所述基准轴线的不同方向交错设置，且所述第二天线阵列的各所述第二阵元也沿着垂直于所述基准轴线的不同方向交错设置。Each of the first array elements of the first antenna array are staggered in different directions perpendicular to the reference axis, and each of the second array elements of the second antenna array is also perpendicular to the reference The different directions of the axes are staggered.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的MIMO天线阵列，其特征在于，在所述基准轴线方向上，相邻的两个所述第一阵元之间的纵向间距为0.7～1.1λ。The MIMO antenna array according to claim 1, wherein a longitudinal interval between two adjacent first array elements is 0.7 to 1.1 λ in the direction of the reference axis.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的MIMO天线阵列，其特征在于，在所述基准轴线方向上，相邻的两个所述第二阵元之间的纵向间距为0.7～1.1λ。The MIMO antenna array according to claim 1, wherein a longitudinal pitch between two adjacent said second array elements is 0.7 to 1.1 λ in said reference axis direction.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的MIMO天线阵列，其特征在于，在所述基准轴线方向上，各所述第一阵元和/或各所述第二阵元之间分别以相等的纵向间距排列。The MIMO antenna array according to claim 1, wherein each of said first array elements and/or each of said second array elements are arranged at equal longitudinal intervals in said reference axis direction.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的MIMO天线阵列，其特征在于，相对于所述基准轴线偏设的各所述第一阵元和/或各所述第二阵元与所述基准轴线之间的所述横向间距相等。The MIMO antenna array according to claim 1, wherein each of said first array elements and/or each of said second array elements and said reference axis are offset from said reference axis The lateral spacing is equal.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的MIMO天线阵列，其特征在于，所述第一阵元和所述第二阵元的数量相等。The MIMO antenna array according to claim 1, wherein the number of the first array elements and the second array elements is equal.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的MIMO天线阵列，其特征在于，所述第一阵元和/或所述第二阵元包括双极化辐射单元；所述双极化辐射单元为±45°极化元件或者垂直/水平极化元件。The MIMO antenna array according to claim 1, wherein said first array element and/or said second array element comprise dual-polarized radiating elements; said dual-polarized radiating element is ±45° polarized Component or vertical/horizontal polarization component.
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的MIMO天线阵列，其特征在于，The MIMO antenna array according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein
    所述第一天线阵列包括作为所述第一阵元的多个第一辐射单元和作为所述第一阵元的多个第二辐射单元，结构相异的各所述第一辐射单元和各所述第二辐射单元沿所述基准轴线方向依次交替分布；The first antenna array includes a plurality of first radiating elements as the first array element and a plurality of second radiating elements as the first array element, each of the first radiating elements and each having a different structure The second radiating elements are alternately distributed in the order of the reference axis;
    所述第二天线阵列包括作为所述第二阵元的多个第三辐射单元和作为所述第二阵元的多个第四辐射单元，结构相异的各所述第三辐射单元和各所述第四辐射单元沿所述基准轴线方向依次交替分布。The second antenna array includes a plurality of third radiating elements as the second array element and a plurality of fourth radiating elements as the second array element, each of the third radiating elements and each having a different structure The fourth radiating elements are alternately arranged in the order of the reference axis.
  11. 一种MIMO天线，其特征在于，包括反射板和权利要求1至10中任一项所述的MIMO天线阵列，所述MIMO天线阵列设于所述反射板上，所述基准轴线为所述反射板的轴对称线。A MIMO antenna, comprising: a reflector and the MIMO antenna array according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the MIMO antenna array is disposed on the reflector, and the reference axis is the reflection The axisymmetric line of the plate.
  12. 一种基站，其特征在于，包括权利要求11所述的MIMO天线。A base station comprising the MIMO antenna of claim 11.
PCT/CN2018/103007 2017-10-27 2018-08-29 Mimo antenna array, mimo antenna and base station WO2019080635A1 (en)

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