CN108253776A - A kind of drying and processing method of Schisandra chinensis - Google Patents
A kind of drying and processing method of Schisandra chinensis Download PDFInfo
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- CN108253776A CN108253776A CN201810042072.0A CN201810042072A CN108253776A CN 108253776 A CN108253776 A CN 108253776A CN 201810042072 A CN201810042072 A CN 201810042072A CN 108253776 A CN108253776 A CN 108253776A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/79—Schisandraceae (Schisandra family)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/32—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action
- F26B3/34—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by development of heat within the materials or objects to be dried, e.g. by fermentation or other microbiological action by using electrical effects
- F26B3/347—Electromagnetic heating, e.g. induction heating or heating using microwave energy
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/02—Biomass, e.g. waste vegetative matter, straw
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of drying and processing methods of Schisandra chinensis, belong to Chinese medicine processing technique field.The processing method includes following operating procedure：Selection, cleaning, colour protecting liquid and the microwave color protection of Schisandra chinensis, supersonic gas jet impingement drying.The present invention has many advantages, such as that drying time is short, drying quality is good, drying efficiency is high, sanitary condition is good, medicinal ingredient loss is small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drying and processing methods of Schisandra chinensis, belong to Chinese medicine processing technique field.
Background technology
Schisandra chinensis is the drying and ripening of magnoliaceae schisandra Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill.
Fruit is practised and claims " fructus schisandrae ".First recorded in《Sheng Nong's herbal classic》, it is classified as top grade.Schisandra chinensis it is sweet in flavor acid, it is sweet, it is warm-natured, return lung, kidney,
The heart channel of Hang-Shaoyin, has effects that convergence astringent method, nourishing generate fluid, cough-relieving apophlegmatic, antidiarrheal arrest sweating, and clinic is mainly used for chronic cough and dyspnea of deficiency type, nocturnal emission
The symptoms such as involuntary emission, enuresis frequent micturition, endless diarrhea, spontaneous sweating, injury thirst, shortness of breath feeble pulse, Heat Diabetes, palpitation and insomnia.
Modern pharmacology confirms that Schisandra chinensis Central nervous system has apparent sedation (Schisandra chinens P.E and alcohol
First)；Hepatoprotective effect (schisandrol extract and schizandrin A, B prime, alcohol first), the biphenyl synthesized by lignanoid's basic framework
Dibasic acid esters has apparent drop enzyme and improves liver function effect (deoxyschizandrin)；Vasodilative effect (schizandrin, schisandrin C)；
It slows down aging, antioxidation (deoxyschizandrin, schisanhenol)；Antitussive and Expectorant Effect (Schisandra chinensis acid ingredient)；Promote liver
Glycogen synthesis, anti-ulcer effect etc. (monarch Shen Ying pharmacology of Chinese materia medica [M] People's Health Publishers, 2011).Schisandra chinensis is famous
Nourishing Chinese medicine and a kind of novel " integration of drinking and medicinal herbs " functional health product, be known as with ginseng, wilsonii, Radix Codonopsis etc. suitable
Answer original sample drug.
Schisandra chinensis is berry, and fresh fruit moisture content is very high, and generally 85~90%, therefore fresh Chinese magnoliavine fruit storage life is very short,
If Schisandra chinensis cannot be dried in time for processing, Schisandra chinensis moldy metamorphism phenomenon can be caused, not only influence medical value, but also make
Into waste and economic loss (Ren Yueying：Schisandra chinensis drying is machined with " saying " [N] Jilin rural area and reports .2008), therefore harvest
After need timely drying.At present, due to plantation casual household's production scale is small, without rational processing site, mostly using dry in the shade, from
So dry etc. traditional drying means.This method has many advantages, such as that economic investment is few, easy to operate, but is restricted by weather tight
Weight is that Schisandra chinensis abounds with the phase at the beginning of special autumn late summer, this season rainy humidity, it is difficult to dryness in the sun；In addition, this method needs
A large amount of manpower and materials, while drying time is long, generally at 10 days or more, during which easily by insect contaminations such as ant, ladybugs,
And the pollutions such as dust in air, bacterium.In addition to natural drying, Schisandra chinensis dries the mode for being also used extensively by hot-air seasoning.Heat
The air-dried dry time used is longer, and generally in 30~55h, (Sun Fenglong, Du Yan, discipline build big Schisandra chinensis Airflow Drying Characteristic and mathematics
Model [J] agricultural research, 2012,34 (8)：93-97).
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of drying and processing method of Schisandra chinensis, to solve China's traditional five sapor drying
The problems faced in processing.With the Schisandra chinensis product of this method drying processing, have that drying time is short, drying quality
Good, drying efficiency height, sanitary condition are good, medicinal ingredient loses the advantages that small.
To achieve these goals, the present invention provides following technical solutions：
A kind of drying and processing method of Schisandra chinensis, including following operating procedure：
(1) no qualitative change, ripe fresh Schisandra chinensis are selected；
(2) it is with clear water that Schisandra chinensis surface clean is clean, remove dust, sundries；
(3) Schisandra chinensis cleaned up is put into colour protecting liquid, applies microwave, wherein microwave power during color protection
For 900~1200W, the color protection time is 12~18min；
(4) Schisandra chinensis after color protection is subjected to supersonic gas jet impingement drying, wherein, the ultrasonic wave frequency of first stage
Rate is 80~100kHz, and ultrasonic power is 120~180W, and drying temperature is 65~80 DEG C, and dry wind speed is 12~18m/s,
Enter the second drying stage when Schisandra chinensis moisture content is down to 40~55%, ultrasonic frequency is 40~80kHz, ultrasonic power
For 60~120W, drying temperature is 45~65 DEG C, and dry wind speed is 4~12m/s, when Schisandra chinensis wet basis moisture content is reduced to 12~
Stop drying when 14%；
(5) it after Schisandra chinensis is cooled to room temperature, is packed.
The Schisandra chinensis cleaned up is put into colour protecting liquid by the step (3), applies microwave during color protection, wherein
Microwave power is 1000~1100W, and the color protection time is 14~16min.
Supersonic gas jet impingement drying described in step (4), wherein, the ultrasonic frequency of first stage for 90~
100kHz, ultrasonic power are 140~160W, and drying temperature is 70~75 DEG C, and dry wind speed is 14~16m/s, works as Schisandra chinensis
Enter the second drying stage when moisture content is down to 50~55%, ultrasonic frequency is 40~60kHz, ultrasonic power for 80~
100W, drying temperature are 45~50 DEG C, and dry wind speed is 4~8m/s, when Schisandra chinensis wet basis moisture content is reduced to 12~14%
Stop drying.
The Schisandra chinensis cleaned up is put into colour protecting liquid by the step (3), applies microwave during color protection, wherein
Microwave power is 1100W, and the color protection time is 14min.
Supersonic gas jet impingement drying described in step (4), wherein, the ultrasonic frequency of first stage is 95kHz,
Ultrasonic power is 150W, and drying temperature is 70 DEG C, and dry wind speed is 14m/s, is entered when Schisandra chinensis moisture content is down to 55%
Second drying stage, ultrasonic frequency 55kHz, ultrasonic power 90W, drying temperature are 45 DEG C, and dry wind speed is 4m/s,
Stop drying when Schisandra chinensis wet basis moisture content is reduced to 12~14%.
The colour protecting liquid is made of 0.8% citric acid, 0.04% ascorbic acid, 0.5% potassium sorbate and pure water.
Early period of the invention by the way of colour protecting liquid and microwave simultaneously color protection, citric acid and ascorbic acid energy in colour protecting liquid
The pH value on Schisandra chinensis surface is enough reduced, reduces ascorbic loss, inhibits the life of 5 one hydroxymethylfurfural of harmful components (5-HMF)
Into oxidation in drying process is avoided to the damage in terms of Schisandra chinensis color and luster and texture, to obtain the dried product of natural in color.It is logical
The stability that citric acid, sorbic acid and potassium ion improve Schisandra chinensis pigment is crossed, reduces Schisandra chinensis pigment caused by oxidation reaction
It loses and inhibits influence of other metal ions to pigment, while so that schizandrin content is higher.The present invention uses microwave
Schisandra chinensis is handled, can effectively play bactericidal effect, extends the storage time of Schisandra chinensis.Meanwhile microwave energy penetrates
It being deep into inside Schisandra chinensis, the microwave penetrated inside Schisandra chinensis is absorbed into thermal energy by Schisandra chinensis, and Schisandra chinensis is integrally heated,
Therefore the Schisandra chinensis after microwave color protection is not required to preheated, is conducive to the supersonic gas jet punching that Schisandra chinensis directly carries out next step
Hit drying.
Later stage of the invention by the way of supersonic gas jet impingement drying, gas jet impact dry technology refer to by
Gas is ejected into the method that material to be dried surface is thermally dried by the nozzle of definite shape, the gas sprayed due to nozzle
Body very high speed, fluid flow are short, very thin boundary layer are generated between air-flow and surface of material, therefore heat transfer coefficient is very high,
But gas jet impact drying is used alone, drying effect is uneven, and speed is dried with the Schisandra chinensis epidermis of air flow contacts
And the internally dry speed of Schisandra chinensis is slower, particularly phase after the drying, frequently can lead to Schisandra chinensis hot-spot and influences quality,
And Schisandra chinensis hot-spot shellization can hinder Schisandra chinensis internal moisture to extend drying time to external diffusion.One weight of ultrasonic wave
It is to reduce water transport resistance to act on, and when ultrasonic wave dries Schisandra chinensis, generates following act on：(1) Schisandra chinensis is by ultrasound
When wave is dried, compression and stretching action are repeatedly subjected to, makes constantly contraction and expansion inside Schisandra chinensis, forms spongelike structure, water
Divide and be easy for being transferred out by microtubule；(2) in ultrasonic pressure field, the formation of cavitation bubble increases and acutely breaks
It splits and series of physicochemical effect, is conducive to remove and the compact moisture of Schisandra chinensis；(3) ultrasonic wave can promote Schisandra chinensis
Inside forms micro-channel, reduces the thickness of heating surface layer, increases convective mass transfer speed.Supersonic gas jet impingement drying
Two benches is taken to dry, first stage higher-wattage higher temperature and wind speed drying can reduce to avoid Schisandra chinensis surface shell
Internal moisture diffusion resistance improves drying efficiency, drops power cooling degree and wind speed in second stage, it is possible to reduce drying process
Quality deterioration caused by the loss of nutrition and higher temperature, product browning degree obtained is low, flavor nutrition is good.By ultrasonic wave and
The complementation that can realize two kinds of drying modes is combined in gas jet impact drying, and maximum temperature is 80 in Schisandra chinensis drying process
DEG C, time up to 16h not only shortens drying time, but also improves the quality of dry products.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) using colour protecting liquid and microwave color protection mode of the color protection as Schisandra chinensis simultaneously so that Schisandra chinensis browning degree is low,
Bright saves the schizandrin ingredient in Schisandra chinensis, in addition also acts as bactericidal effect, extend Schisandra chinensis well
Storage time；(2) using supersonic gas jet impingement drying, Schisandra chinensis dewatering speed is fast, not only shortens drying time,
The time processing period, nutrient component damages were small within 16h, improved the quality of Schisandra chinensis；(3) using supersonic gas jet
Impingement drying, Schisandra chinensis inside form loose micro-channel, and dried Schisandra chinensis is during edible or medicinal, Schisandra chinensis
In active ingredient can quickly overflow, absorption of human body effect is good；(4) microwave is sterilized for the first time, ultrasonic wave re-pasteurization ovicidal, the five tastes
Cleaning is not required to after son is drying can directly pack storage.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of drying and processing method of Schisandra chinensis, including following operating procedure：
(1) no qualitative change, ripe fresh Schisandra chinensis are selected；
(2) it is with clear water that Schisandra chinensis surface clean is clean, remove dust, sundries；
(3) Schisandra chinensis cleaned up is put into colour protecting liquid, applies microwave, wherein microwave power during color protection
For 1100W, the color protection time is 14min；
(4) Schisandra chinensis after color protection is subjected to supersonic gas jet impingement drying, wherein, the ultrasonic wave frequency of first stage
Rate is 90kHz, and ultrasonic power 160W, drying temperature is 70 DEG C, and dry wind speed is 14m/s, when Schisandra chinensis moisture content is down to
Enter the second drying stage, ultrasonic frequency 60kHz, ultrasonic power 90W when 50%, drying temperature is 55 DEG C, dry
Wind speed is 8m/s, stops drying when Schisandra chinensis wet basis moisture content is reduced to 12~14%；
(5) it after Schisandra chinensis is cooled to room temperature, is packed.
Embodiment 2
A kind of drying and processing method of Schisandra chinensis, including following operating procedure：
(1) no qualitative change, ripe fresh Schisandra chinensis are selected；
(2) it is with clear water that Schisandra chinensis surface clean is clean, remove dust, sundries；
(3) Schisandra chinensis cleaned up is put into colour protecting liquid, applies microwave, wherein microwave power during color protection
For 900W, the color protection time is 18min；
(4) Schisandra chinensis after color retention is subjected to supersonic gas jet impingement drying, wherein, the ultrasound of first stage
Wave frequency rate is 80kHz, and ultrasonic power 120W, drying temperature is 80 DEG C, and dry wind speed is 18m/s, when Schisandra chinensis moisture content
Entering the second drying stage, ultrasonic frequency 40kHz, ultrasonic power 60W when being down to 55%, drying temperature is 65 DEG C,
Dry wind speed is 12m/s, stops drying when Schisandra chinensis wet basis moisture content is reduced to 12~14%；
(5) it after Schisandra chinensis is cooled to room temperature, is packed.
Embodiment 3
A kind of drying and processing method of Schisandra chinensis, including following operating procedure：
(1) no qualitative change, ripe fresh Schisandra chinensis are selected；
(2) it is with clear water that Schisandra chinensis surface clean is clean, remove dust, sundries；
(3) Schisandra chinensis cleaned up is put into colour protecting liquid, applies microwave, wherein microwave power during color protection
For 1200W, the color protection time is 12min；
(4) Schisandra chinensis after color retention is subjected to supersonic gas jet impingement drying, wherein, the ultrasound of first stage
Wave frequency rate is 100kHz, and ultrasonic power 180W, drying temperature is 65 DEG C, and dry wind speed is 12m/s, when Schisandra chinensis moisture content
Entering the second drying stage, ultrasonic frequency 70kHz, ultrasonic power 120W when being down to 40%, drying temperature is 45 DEG C,
Dry wind speed is 4m/s, stops drying when Schisandra chinensis wet basis moisture content is reduced to 12~14%；
(5) it after Schisandra chinensis is cooled to room temperature, is packed.
Embodiment 4
A kind of drying and processing method of Schisandra chinensis, including following operating procedure：
(1) no qualitative change, ripe fresh Schisandra chinensis are selected；
(2) it is with clear water that Schisandra chinensis surface clean is clean, remove dust, sundries；
(3) Schisandra chinensis cleaned up is put into colour protecting liquid, applies microwave, wherein microwave power during color protection
For 1100W, the color protection time is 13min；
(4) Schisandra chinensis after color retention is subjected to supersonic gas jet impingement drying, wherein, the ultrasound of first stage
Wave frequency rate is 95kHz, and ultrasonic power 150W, drying temperature is 75 DEG C, and dry wind speed is 15m/s, when Schisandra chinensis moisture content
Entering the second drying stage, ultrasonic frequency 55kHz, ultrasonic power 90W when being down to 45%, drying temperature is 50 DEG C,
Dry wind speed is 10m/s, stops drying when Schisandra chinensis wet basis moisture content is reduced to 12~14%；
(5) it after Schisandra chinensis is cooled to room temperature, is packed.
Carry out Quality Detection is done to Schisandra chinensis obtained by above-mentioned four embodiments as follows：
1. organoleptic detection
Sample is placed in clean whiteware, with the naked eye directly observes color and luster, form and impurity, tasted and grow
Taste, hears its smell, and acquired results are as follows
As seen from table, the dry color and taste for remaining Schisandra chinensis of gained Schisandra chinensis；Supersonic gas jet impingement drying
The inside of Schisandra chinensis forms loose minuteness passage, during Schisandra chinensis xerophagia is used or is medicinal, Schisandra chinensis active ingredient meeting
Quick to overflow, absorption of human body effect is good.
2. the detection of physical and chemical index
Referring to document, (An Kailong, Ji Dekun, Zhou great Zheng wait differences drying side to the assay method of the dry physical and chemical index of Schisandra chinensis
Influence [J] the CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICAs of method to schisandra chinensis medicinal material quality, 2014,39 (15)：2900-2906), according to being examined in document
Survey method is detected, and it is as shown in the table to measure the physical and chemical index that four embodiments preparation gained Schisandra chinensis of the present invention do
Claims (6)
1. a kind of drying and processing method of Schisandra chinensis, including following operating procedure：
(1) no qualitative change, ripe fresh Schisandra chinensis are selected；
(2) it is with clear water that Schisandra chinensis surface clean is clean, remove dust, sundries；
(3) Schisandra chinensis cleaned up is put into colour protecting liquid, applies microwave during color protection, wherein microwave power is
900~1200W, color protection time are 12~18min；
(4) Schisandra chinensis after color protection is subjected to supersonic gas jet impingement drying, wherein, the ultrasonic frequency of first stage is
80~100kHz, ultrasonic power are 120~180W, and drying temperature is 65~80 DEG C, and dry wind speed is 12~18m/s, when five
Enter the second drying stage when taste moisture content is down to 40~55%, ultrasonic frequency is 40~80kHz, ultrasonic power 60
~120W, drying temperature are 45~65 DEG C, and dry wind speed is 4~12m/s, when Schisandra chinensis wet basis moisture content is reduced to 12~14%
When stop drying；
(5) it after Schisandra chinensis is cooled to room temperature, is packed.
2. a kind of drying and processing method of Schisandra chinensis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step (3) will be clear
The Schisandra chinensis of wash clean is put into colour protecting liquid, applies microwave during color protection, and wherein microwave power is 1000~1100W,
The color protection time is 14~16min.
3. a kind of drying and processing method of Schisandra chinensis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is super described in step (4)
Sound wave gas jet impulse is dried, wherein, the ultrasonic frequency of first stage is 90~100kHz, ultrasonic power for 140~
160W, drying temperature are 70~75 DEG C, and dry wind speed is 14~16m/s, is entered when Schisandra chinensis moisture content is down to 50~55%
Second drying stage, ultrasonic frequency are 40~60kHz, and ultrasonic power is 80~100W, and drying temperature is 45~50 DEG C, is done
Dry wind speed is 4~8m/s, stops drying when Schisandra chinensis wet basis moisture content is reduced to 12~14%.
4. a kind of drying and processing method of Schisandra chinensis according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The step (3) will
Schisandra chinensis after cleaning is put into colour protecting liquid, applies microwave during color protection, and wherein microwave power is 1100W, during color protection
Between be 14min.
5. a kind of drying and processing method of Schisandra chinensis according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that：Described in step (4)
Supersonic gas jet impingement drying, wherein, the ultrasonic frequency of first stage is 95kHz, ultrasonic power 150W, is dried
Temperature is 70 DEG C, and dry wind speed is 14m/s, enters the second drying stage, ultrasonic wave frequency when Schisandra chinensis moisture content is down to 55%
Rate is 55kHz, and ultrasonic power 90W, drying temperature is 45 DEG C, and dry wind speed is 4m/s, when Schisandra chinensis wet basis moisture content drops
Stop drying during down to 12~14%.
6. a kind of drying and processing method of Schisandra chinensis according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The colour protecting liquid by
0.8% citric acid, 0.04% ascorbic acid, 0.5% potassium sorbate and pure water composition.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112370492A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-02-19 | 江西中医药大学 | Preparation method of schisandra chinensis dry extract |
| CN118078911A (en) * | 2024-04-26 | 2024-05-28 | 云南白药集团中药资源有限公司 | Fresh processing method of traditional Chinese medicine paris polyphylla in production place |
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| CN102755382A (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2012-10-31 | 天津天士力之骄药业有限公司 | Method for processing schisandra chinensis |
| CN103822442A (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2014-05-28 | 河南科技大学 | Method for drying honeysuckles |
| CN106173156A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-07 | 玉林市孝坚食品有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of Cortex Clausenae Excavatae sugar |
| CN206269485U (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-06-20 | 湖南湘西密码生态农业开发有限公司 | Ultrasonic hot air radish drying equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102755382A (en) * | 2011-04-28 | 2012-10-31 | 天津天士力之骄药业有限公司 | Method for processing schisandra chinensis |
| CN102488732A (en) * | 2011-12-21 | 2012-06-13 | 中国农业大学 | Rapid drying processing method of American ginseng |
| CN103822442A (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2014-05-28 | 河南科技大学 | Method for drying honeysuckles |
| CN106173156A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-12-07 | 玉林市孝坚食品有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of Cortex Clausenae Excavatae sugar |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112370492A (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-02-19 | 江西中医药大学 | Preparation method of schisandra chinensis dry extract |
| CN118078911A (en) * | 2024-04-26 | 2024-05-28 | 云南白药集团中药资源有限公司 | Fresh processing method of traditional Chinese medicine paris polyphylla in production place |
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| CN108253776B (en) | 2021-01-22 |
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