CN108251969A - 一种特种纤维多角度针刺预制体的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种特种纤维多角度针刺预制体的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108251969A
CN108251969A CN201611232709.XA CN201611232709A CN108251969A CN 108251969 A CN108251969 A CN 108251969A CN 201611232709 A CN201611232709 A CN 201611232709A CN 108251969 A CN108251969 A CN 108251969A
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赵晓明
李玉
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Only Multi Dimensional Technology (tianjin) Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种特种纤维多角度针刺预制体的制备方法，在短纤维上喷洒水份，使短纤维保持1‑3％的湿度，之后室温下密封静止12‑24小时，取出短纤维后经开松形成分离物料，再将分离后的短纤维梳理、铺网制备成纤维网，纤维网再经斜刺的预刺针预刺后形成第一纤维网胎和第二纤维网胎；在第一纤维网胎和第二纤维网胎中间铺一层纤维无纬布制成复合料单元层；以步骤2)制备的单层复合料单元层为产品的基本单元，经多角度逐层交叉叠加，连续经斜针刺，直至制备成所需厚度的特种纤维多角度针刺预制体。该制备方法具有纤维损伤小，纤维缠结紧密的特点，使所制备的特种纤维预制体具有较大的强力，较低的断裂伸长，较好的隔热性能，较大的密度和较小的透气性，较好的尺寸稳定性。

Description

一种特种纤维多角度针刺预制体的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及特种纤维预制体技术领域，具体涉及一种特种纤维多角度针刺预制体的制备方法。
背景技术
众所周知，纤维针刺预制体，通常是由碳纤维层与碳纤维网胎交替叠层针刺而成的复合纤维预制体，因其具有耐高温、耐摩擦和质地轻的特性，广泛应用于航空航天、能源、交通和轨道领域。
目前，制备纤维预制体的加工方法很多，但大都是针刺角度与网胎平面垂直。现有制备过程中具有纤维损伤小，纤维缠结紧密的加工方法不仅少，而且过程复杂，成本高；若采用普通加工方法则得到的特种纤维预制体强力小，断裂伸长高，隔热性能差，密度小和透气性不好的缺点，同时尺寸稳定性低。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种特种纤维多角度针刺预制体的制备方法，以解决现有技术中的问题。
本发明的特种纤维多角度针刺预制体的制备方法，包括以下几个步骤：
(1)在短纤维上喷洒水份，使短纤维保持1-3％的湿度，之后室温下密封静止12-24小时，取出短纤维后经开松形成分离物料，再将分离后的短纤维梳理、铺网制备成纤维网，纤维网再经斜刺的预刺针预刺后形成纤维网胎；
所述纤维网胎的厚度为0.7-2.2mm；
所述纤维网胎包括第一纤维网胎和第二纤维网胎；
(2)在所述第一纤维网胎和第二纤维网胎中间铺一层纤维无纬布制成复合料单元层；
所述复合单元层的厚度为1.0-4.6mm；
(3)以步骤2)制备的单层复合料单元层为产品的基本单元，经多角度逐层交叉叠加，连续经斜针刺，直至制备成所需厚度的特种纤维多角度针刺预制体。
优选地，所述步骤1和步骤2中均采用斜刺角度为30-75°的斜针刺。
优选地，所述步骤1中的预针刺的预刺密度为116-20针/cm2，针刺深度为9-12mm。
优选地，所述步骤3中预刺针的针刺密度为50-65针/cm3，针刺深度为7-12mm。
优选地，所述步骤3中的斜刺角度为30-75°的斜针刺。
采用以上的结构，使本发明的具有以下有益效果：
本发明的制备方法具有纤维损伤小，纤维缠结紧密的特点，使所制备的特种纤维预制体具有较大的强力，较低的断裂伸长，较大的密度和较小的透气性，较好的尺寸稳定性。
具体实施方式
所描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所得到的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明所保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接连接，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体意义。
本发明的特种纤维多角度针刺预制体的制备方法，包括以下几个步骤：
(1)在短纤维上喷洒水份，使短纤维保持1-3％的湿度，之后室温下密封静止12-24小时，取出短纤维后经开松形成分离物料，再将分离后的短纤维梳理、铺网制备成纤维网，纤维网再经斜刺的预刺针预刺后形成纤维网胎；
所述纤维网胎的厚度为0.9-2.2mm；
所述纤维网胎包括第一纤维网胎和第二纤维网胎；
(2)在所述第一纤维网胎和第二纤维网胎中间铺一层纤维无纬布制成复合料单元层；
所述复合单元层的厚度为1.0-4.6mm；
(3)以步骤2)制备的单层复合料单元层为产品的基本单元，经多角度逐层交叉叠加，连续经斜针刺，直至制备成所需厚度的特种纤维多角度针刺预制体。
所述步骤1和步骤2中均采用斜刺角度为30-75°的斜针刺。
所述步骤1中的预针刺的预刺密度为116-20针/cm2，针刺深度为9-12mm。
所述步骤3中预刺针的针刺密度为50-65针/cm3，针刺深度为7-12mm。
所述步骤3中的斜刺角度为30-75°的斜针刺。
所述纤维网胎采用碳纤维、预氧化纤维、玻璃纤维、玄武岩纤维或芳纶纤维的一种。
所述纤维无纬布采用碳纤维、预氧化纤维、玻璃纤维、玄武岩纤维或芳纶纤维的一种。
本发明的制备方法具有纤维损伤小，纤维缠结紧密的特点，使所制备的特种纤维预制体具有较大的强力，较低的断裂伸长，较大的密度和较小的透气性，较好的尺寸稳定性。
最后应说明的是：显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引申出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之中。

Claims (5)

1.一种特种纤维多角度针刺预制体的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下几个步骤：
(1)在短纤维上喷洒水份，使短纤维保持1-3％的湿度，之后室温下密封静止12-24小时，取出短纤维后经开松形成分离物料，再将分离后的短纤维梳理、铺网制备成纤维网，纤维网再经斜刺的预刺针预刺后形成纤维网胎；
所述纤维网胎的厚度为0.7-2.2mm；
所述纤维网胎包括第一纤维网胎和第二纤维网胎；
(2)在所述第一纤维网胎和第二纤维网胎中间铺一层纤维无纬布制成复合料单元层；
所述复合单元层的厚度为1.0-4.6mm；
(3)以步骤2)制备的单层复合料单元层为产品的基本单元，经多角度逐层交叉叠加，连续经斜针刺，直至制备成所需厚度的特种纤维多角度针刺预制体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的特种纤维多角度针刺预制体的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤1和步骤2中均采用斜刺角度为30-75°的斜针刺。
3.根据权利要求1所述的特种纤维多角度针刺预制体的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤1中的预针刺的预刺密度为116-20针/cm2，针刺深度为9-12mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的特种纤维多角度针刺预制体的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤3中预刺针的针刺密度为50-65针/cm3，针刺深度为7-12mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的特种纤维多角度针刺预制体的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤3中的斜刺角度为30-75°的斜针刺。
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CN109228546A (zh) * 2018-08-22 2019-01-18 青岛高泰新材料有限公司 一种高密度多角度编制碳纤维碳碳筒的制备方法

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EP0348993A2 (en) * 1988-06-30 1990-01-03 Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. Composite non-woven fabric material, method of its production and its use
CN102002819A (zh) * 2010-11-17 2011-04-06 大连创达技术交易市场有限公司 一种碳纤维复合针刺预制体及制备方法
CN202430447U (zh) * 2011-10-14 2012-09-12 大连隆田科技有限公司 一种双面斜刺制备预氧丝厚毡的设备
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EP0348993A2 (en) * 1988-06-30 1990-01-03 Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. Composite non-woven fabric material, method of its production and its use
CN102002819A (zh) * 2010-11-17 2011-04-06 大连创达技术交易市场有限公司 一种碳纤维复合针刺预制体及制备方法
CN202430447U (zh) * 2011-10-14 2012-09-12 大连隆田科技有限公司 一种双面斜刺制备预氧丝厚毡的设备
CN102731131A (zh) * 2012-07-13 2012-10-17 宜兴市飞舟高新科技材料有限公司 高性能纤维隔热材料预制体及其制备方法

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CN109228546A (zh) * 2018-08-22 2019-01-18 青岛高泰新材料有限公司 一种高密度多角度编制碳纤维碳碳筒的制备方法
CN109228546B (zh) * 2018-08-22 2020-07-10 青岛高泰新材料有限公司 一种高密度多角度编制碳纤维碳碳筒的制备方法

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